2022高考英語完形類和閱讀類訓(xùn)練(8)及答案

完形填空。完型填空。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從以下題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Charliecamefromapoorvillage.Hisparentshad__1__moneytosendhimtoschoolwhenhewasyoung.Theboywasverysad.Mr.Kinglivednexttohim.Hefoundtheboy__2__andhadpityonhimandlentsomemoneytohim.Sotheboycouldgotoschool.Hestudiedhardand__3__allhislessons.Whenhefinishedmiddleschool,themanintroducedhimtohisfriendinthetown.Andhebegantowork.OnceMr.Kingwasseriouslyhurtinanaccident.Dying,heaskedCharlietotakecareofhisdaughter,Sharon.Theyoungman__4__andseveralyearslaterhemarriedthegirl.Helovedherverymuchandtriedhisbesttomakeherhappy.Heoftenboughtbeautifulclothesanddeliciousfoodforher.Hewasgoodatcookingandhecooked__5__forher.Soshebecameveryfatandshefeltitdifficulttowalk.Andonedayshefoundtherewassomethingwrongwithherheart.Herhusbandwasn’tathomeandshehadtogoto__6__atonce.Thedoctorslookedheroverandtoldher__7__eatmeat,sugar,chocolateandthingslikethese.Shewasafraid__8__thedoctor’swordsandwroteallthenamesofthefoodonthepaper.Whenshegothome,sheputthelistonthetableand__9__.Whenshereturnedhomethatafternoon,shefoundmanykindsoffood:meat,sugarandchocolateinthekitchen.Charliewasbusy__10__there.Assoonashesawher,hesaidhappily,“I’veboughtallthefoodyoulike,dear!”名師點(diǎn)評本文敘述了查理為報(bào)答金先生生前對自己的大恩大德，在娶了金先生女兒為妻之后細(xì)心照料她，卻導(dǎo)致妻子養(yǎng)分過剩而患病去醫(yī)院檢查。醫(yī)生列出她不能吃的食物，深愛妻子的查理不明狀況，反而照單為妻子買了上面的各種食物。(A)1.A.no B.some C.much D.enough【解析】A。查理家境貧困，父母沒有錢資助他上學(xué)，故選no。(B)2.A.lazy B.clever C.careful D.hard【解析】B。依據(jù)下文，查理不負(fù)眾望，說明他聰慧好學(xué)，故選clever。(A)3.A.didwellin B.waspoorat C.wasworking D.wasgoodfor【解析】A。查理學(xué)習(xí)刻苦，并順當(dāng)完成了學(xué)業(yè)，說明他各門功課成果較好，故選didwellin。D選項(xiàng)介詞用錯，正確詞組為wasgoodat。(C)4.A.wasangry B.thoughthard C.agreed D.said“No.”【解析】C。依據(jù)下文查理娶了金先生女兒為妻并細(xì)心呵護(hù)她，說明查理同意了金先生的懇求，故選agreed。(D)5.A.alittle B.afew C.many D.alot【解析】D。依據(jù)下文妻子胖得不能走路，說明她食物吃得多。此外食物為不行數(shù)名詞，因此只能用alotof來修飾。(C)6.A.rest B.sleep C.hospital D.work【解析】C。心臟不好，應(yīng)去醫(yī)院檢查，下文指出為她檢查的正是醫(yī)生，故選hospital。(D)7.A.should B.would C.to D.notto【解析】D。由于她的病是因養(yǎng)分過剩引起的，醫(yī)生應(yīng)讓她不要吃肉，糖果之類的食物，故選notto。(B)8.A.toremember B.toforget C.tocatch D.toteach【解析】B。她可怕忘了醫(yī)生的指示，因此將其寫在紙上，故選toforget。(B)9.A.slept B.wentout C.cooked D.ate【解析】B。與下文相對應(yīng)，這里應(yīng)填wentout。(C)10.A.reading B.seeing C.cooking D.writing【解析】C。擅長烹飪的查理將菜買回之后，確定要忙著為愛妻做飯，故cooking為正確答案。語法填空。閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。【遼寧卷題型】W:Nowlet'sgobacktoyourfirstnovel,RagDoll.Whendidyouwrite__1__？M:RagDoll,yes.Iwroteitin1960,ayearafterIleftschool.W:Howoldwereyouthen?M:Um,eighteen?Yes,eighteen,becauseayearlaterIwenttoIndonesia.W:Mm.Andofcourseitwasyour__2__(experience)inIndonesiathatinspiredyourfirstfilmEasternMoon.M:Yes,that'sright,althoughIdidn'tactuallymakeEasternMoon__3W:Andyouworkedintelevisionforatimetoo?M:Yes,Istartedmakingdocumentariesfortelevisionin1973,whenIwasthirty.ThatwasafterIgaveupfarming.W:Farming?M:Yes,that'sright.Yousee,I__4__(stay)inIndonesiaforeightyears.Imetmywifetherein1965,andwecamebackandboughtafarm__5__thewestofEngland,in1970.Akindofexperiment，__6__(real)．W:Butyougaveupthreeyearslater.M:Well,yes.Youseeitwasveryhardwork,andIwasalsoverybusy__7__(work)onmysecondnovel,theColdEarth,__8__cameoutin1975.W:Yes,thatwasabest-seller，__9__it?M:Yes,itwas,andthat'swhyonlytwoyearsafterthatIwasabletogive__10__televisionworkandfixmyattentiononfilmsandthatsortofthing.Andafterthat…1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______6．______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1.it2.experience3.until4.stayed5.in6.really7.working8.which9.wasn't10.up語法填空。閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。【全國新課標(biāo)卷題型】Onceuponatimetherewasarichmerchant__1__hadfourwives.Helovedthe4thwifethemost.Hetookgreatcareofherandgavehernothing__2__thebest.Healsolovedthe3rdwifeverymuch.Hewasvery__3__(pride)ofherandalwayswantedtoshowoffhertohisfriends.Healsolovedhis2ndwife.Sheis__4__veryconsiderateperson,alwayspatientandinfactisthemerchant'sclosefriend.__5__themerchantfacedsomeproblems,healwaysturnedtohis2ndwifeand__6__wouldalwayshelphimoutandtide(掛念渡過)him__7__difficulttimes.Now,themerchant's1stwifeisaveryloyalpartnerandhasmadegreat__8__(contribute)inmaintaininghiswealthandbusinessaswellas__9__(take)careofthehousehold.__10__，themerchantdidnotlovethefirstwifeandalthoughshelovedhimdeeply,hehardlytooknoticeofher.1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______6．______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1.ud4.a5.When/Whenever6.she7.through/over8.contributions9.taking10.However【2021高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解Manyofusstilltendtothinkthatemotionscanaffectreasonablethought，andsometimeslandusintrouble.Butinrecentyearspsychologistshavetakenquiteadifferentview.KeithOatley，ProfessorofPsychologyatGlasgowUniversity，isinvolvedintheresearchwhichshowsthefundamentalimportanceofemotions.Hebelieveswe_are_very_ambivalent_about_them：wethinkofouremotionsasbeingunreasonable，butwealsoconsiderthemasessentialtobeinghuman.Forexample，MrSpock，acharacterinthetelevisionseriesStarTrek，issuper-intelligentandhehasnoemotionsatall.However，heisnevermadecaptainofthespaceship.Maybe，thisisbecauseMrSpockisnotthekindofpersonyoucanshareyourfeelingswith—apersonwhoshowshisemotions.AsProfessorOatleypointsout，ouremotionshaveveryimportantfunctions，forexample，fear.Ifwecrosstheroadandacarapproaches，weusuallystopmovingorstepback.Westopwhatwearedoing，checkwhatwehavedoneandpayverycarefulattentiontotheenvironment.Theemotionoffearmakesustakethissmallseriesofactionswhich，onaverage，helppreserveoursafety.Ontheotherhand，ifthingsaregoingwellandsmallproblemscomeup，wefindwecansolvethemwiththeresourceswehavetohand.Asaconsequence，wetendtofeelhappyandusuallycontinuedoingthejob.Angerisanemotionthattendstooccurwhensomeoneispreventingusfromdoingsomething.Thenthissmall“kit”ofreactionsenablesustoprepareourselvestobequiteaggressivetothatperson，ortotryharder，andsoon.ProfessorOatleybelievesemotionsgenerallyoccurattheseimportantmomentsinactions.Withfearandangerouremotionsmakeusdecidetostartdoingsomethingelse，whilewithhappinessthey“suggest”wecontinuewhatwearealreadydoing.【語篇解讀】相關(guān)爭辯表明，情感對人而言至關(guān)重要，不行或缺。1．What’sKeithOatley’sopinionaboutemotions?A．Theyaffectreasonablethought.B．Theygetusintotrouble.C．Theyarehelpfultous.D．Theyarereasonable.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段最終一句中的“whichshowsthefundamentalimportanceofemotions”以及第三段中的“ouremotionshaveveryimportantfunctions”可知，Oatley認(rèn)為情感對我們來說是有益的。答案C2．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“weareveryambivalentaboutthem”inParagraph2mean?A．Wehavecontradictoryfeelingstowardsemotions.B．Wehavesimilarideasofemotions.C．Wearequiteclearaboutemotions.D．Wecandonothingaboutemotions.解析句意理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“wethinkofouremotionsasbeingunreasonable，butwealsoconsiderthemasessentialtobeinghuman”可知，我們認(rèn)為我們的情感毫無道理，但對于我們?nèi)祟悂碚f，它是必不行少的，這足以說明我們的沖突心理。答案A3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Fearhelpsustobecarefulaboutoursurroundings.B．Happinessinspiresustocontinuewhatwearedoing.C．Angermayurgeustomakegreaterefforts.D．Angertendstodousmoreharmthangood.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題可用排解法。依據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知A項(xiàng)正確；依據(jù)第四段的最終一句可知B項(xiàng)正確；依據(jù)第五段的最終一句可知C項(xiàng)正確。答案D4．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A．wemustcontrolouremotionsindailylifeB．emotionsplayamoreimportantpartthanwerealizeC．positiveemotionssuchasloveandjoyaregoodforusD．negativeemotionsmakeuscontinuewhatwearedoing解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段的內(nèi)容可推知，樂觀的情感和消極的情感都發(fā)揮著比我們意識到的更重要的作用。答案B。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Afterinventingdynamites(炸藥),Swedish-bornAlfredNobelbecameaveryrichman.However,heforesawitsuniversallydestructivepowerstoolate.Nobelpreferrednottoberememberedastheinventorofdynamite,soin1895,justtwoweeksbeforehisdeath,hecreatedafundtobeusedforawardingprizestopeoplewhohadmadeworthwhilecontributionstomankind.Originallytherewerefiveawards:literature,physics,chemistry,medicine,andpeace.Economicswasaddedin1968,justsixty-sevenyearsafterthefirstawardsceremony.Nobel’soriginallegacyofninemilliondollarswasinvested,andtheinterestonthissumisusedfortheawardswhichvaryfrom$30,000to$125,000.EveryyearonDecember10,theanniversaryofNobel’sdeath,theawards(goldmedal,illuminateddiploma,andmoney)arepresentedtothewinners.Sometimespoliticsplaysanimportantroleinthejudges’decision.Americanshavewonnumerousscienceawards,butrelativelyfewliteratureprizes.Noawardswerepresentedfrom1940to1942atthebeginningofWorldWarII.Somepeoplehavewontwoprizes,butthisisrare;othershavesharedtheirprizes.(from)1.Whatdidthefirstawardceremonytakeplace?A.1895.B.1901.C.1962.D.1968.2.TheNobelprizewasestablishedto________.A.honortheinventorofdynamite B.recognizeworthwhilecontributionstohumanityC.resolvepoliticaldifferences D.spendmoney3.InwhichareahaveAmericansreceivedthemostawards?A.Literature.B.Economics.C.Peace.D.Science.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?A.Awardsvaryinmoneyvalue.B.CeremoniesareheldonDecember10tocommemorateNobel’sinvention.C.Politicscanbeofimportanceinselectingthewinners.D.Afewindividualshavewontwoawards.1.B計(jì)算題。依據(jù)文中第一段最終一句“Economicswasaddedin1968,justsixty-sevenyearsafterthefirstawardsceremony.”計(jì)算可得。2.B細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)短文第一段其次句“…forawardingprizestopeoplewhohadmadeworthwhilecontributionstomankind”可得(from)。3.D細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)短文第三段“Americanshavewonnumerousscienceawards”一句可得。4.D事實(shí)推斷題。依據(jù)短文第四段“Somepeoplehavewontwoprizes,butthisisrare”一句推斷可得。人物傳記型閱讀理解。GraceKanehangsontoanOlympicdreamofclingingtoagranite(花崗巖)wallbyherfingertips70feetfromtheground.Thefearlessgirlisonly10,butalreadyhasscaledgreatheightsinthesportofrockclimbing.Lastweek,Kanewonabronzeinthe11-and-youngersportclassattheUSAClimbingYouthNationalChampionshipsinAtlanta.Shewastheonlycompetitorofthe31therewithnoclimbingcoachortop-flightfacilitiesinwhichtotrain.Climbingwillbecomeanexhibitionatthe2022RiodeJaneiroOlympicsinBrazil.Thehopeofenthusiastsisthatthesportwillgainfullstatusin2022.“I’malreadytrainingforthat，”saidKane.“Climbingismypassion,mylove,andIwanttomakesomethingofit.”Herdadtookhertoclimbrocksonherfourthbirthdayforthefirsttimeandtodayhecan’tkeepupwithher.“It’sthefreedomtoletloose，”shesaid.“WhenI’mupthere,I’msofocusedanddon’thearanything.Ialwaysfeelcomfortedknowingpeoplearesupportingme.”ThebronzeinAtlantaqualifiedKanefortheUSAteamandNovember’sInternationalChampionshipsinEcuador.That’satripshemighthavetomissbecauseit’stooexpensive.Kaneheldabackyardmusicconcert—sheplayedtheguitarandthepianoandwroteinspirationalsongs—andraised$600forher$1,500triptoAtlanta.She’salsobeensponsoredbyashoecompany,butmustrelyheavilyondonationsfromfamilyandfriendsfortravelexpenses.HermomHeatherKanesaidthefamilyhaschosen“todowhateverweneedtohelpherachievehergoals”．OneofGrace’sbiggestchallengesisfindingbalanceinherlife.There’sschool,hermusicandchurchtofitaroundclimbing.“Climbingisgoingtomeansacrificingthingsotherkidsmightpursue，”Gracesaid.“Butitdoesn’tbotherme.It’slikeplayingthepiano;youcan’ttakeabreakoryou’llloseyourtouch.”()1.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Rockclimbi