2021濟(jì)南市高考英語(四月)完形填空、閱讀理解小練(10)答案

2021濟(jì)南市高考英語（四月）完形填空、閱讀理解小練（10）答案閱讀理解(2022·江西八校聯(lián)考)TheforcesthatmakeJapanoneoftheworld’smostearthquake-prone(有地震傾向的)countriescouldbecomepartofitslong-termenergysolution.WaterfromdeepbelowthegroundatJapan’stensofthousandsofhotspringscouldbeusedtoproduceelectricity.AlthoughJapanesehigh-techcompaniesareleadersingeothermal(地?zé)岬?technologyandexportit，itsuseislimitedinthenation.“Japanshouldnodoubtmakeuseofitsresourcesofgeothermalenergy，”saidYoshiyasuTakefuji，aleadingresearcherofthermal-electricpowerproduction.ThedisastrousearthquakeandtsunamionMarch11,2011causedareactionagainstatomicpower，whichpreviouslymadeup30percentofJapan’senergyneeds，andincreasedinterestinalternativeenergies，whichaccountedforonly8percent.ArtistYokoOnohascalledonJapantoexploreitsnaturalenergy，followingtheexampleofIcelandwhichusesrenewableenergyformorethan80percentofitsneeds.Fornow，geothermalenergymakesuplessthan1percentoftheenergyneedsinJapan，whichhasfordecadesreliedheavilyonfossilfuelsandatomicpower.Thebiggestproblemtogeothermalenergyisthehighinitialcostoftheexplorationandconstructingthefactories.AnotherproblemisthatJapan’spotentiallybestsitesarealreadybeingdevelopedfortourismorarelocatedwithinnationalparkswhereconstructionisforbidden.“Wecan’tevendig10cminsidenationalparks.”saidShigetoYamadaofFujiElectric，addingthatregulationsprotectingnaturewouldneedtoberelaxedforgeothermalenergytogrow.ResearcherHideakiMatsuisaid，“Producingelectricityusinghotspringsisadecades-longproject.Wealsohavetothinkaboutwhattodofornowasenergysupplieswilldeclineintheshortterm.”TheEarthPolicyInstituteinWashington，US，believedJapancouldproduce80000megawatts(兆瓦)andmeetmorethanhalfitselectricityneedswithgeothermaltechnology.JapanesegiantssuchasToshibaarealreadygloballeadersingeothermaltechnology，witha70percentmarketshare.In2010，F(xiàn)ujiElectricbuilttheworld’slargestgeothermalfactoryinNewZealand.1．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AlternativeenergiesinJapanB．World’slargestgeothermalplantC．JapantakestheleadingeothermaltechnologyD．Japanthinksofgeothermalenergy2．WhatpercentageofJapan’senergyneedsisgeothermalenergy?A．About8%. B．Below1%.C．Around30%. D．Over80%.3．AccordingtoShigetoYamada，thegrowthofgeothermalpowerinJapanneeds________.A．a(chǎn)changeofrules B．financialsupportC．localpeople’shelp D．hightechnology4．Geothermalenergyisconsideredasalong-termprogramby________.A．YoshiyasuTakefuji B．HideakiMatsuiC．ShigetoYamada D．YokoOno5．Itcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat________.A．theworld’sbiggestgeothermalplantwasbuiltbyAmericaB．JapanwillnotexportitsgeothermaltechnologyC．thepotentialofJapan’sgeothermalenergyisgreatD．itishardtofindgeothermalenergyinJapan語篇解讀本文為一篇科普說明文。讓日本經(jīng)常地震的一些自然力有可能會(huì)被轉(zhuǎn)化成日本長期可持續(xù)利用的清潔能源，即：地?zé)?。本文?duì)其進(jìn)行了具體介紹。1．解析：標(biāo)題概括題。依據(jù)文章第三段的導(dǎo)入和倒數(shù)第三段最終一句“Wealsohavetothinkaboutwhattodofornowasenergysupplieswilldeclineintheshortterm”，以及對(duì)全文的整體理解可知，本文主要講的“日本正在考慮如何使用地?zé)帷钡膯栴}，所以D項(xiàng)最適合做文章的標(biāo)題。答案：D2．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第七段“Fornow，geothermalenergymakesuplessthan1percentoftheenergyneedsinJapan...”可知，答案B符合文意。答案：B3．解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第四段中的“addingthatregulationsprotectingnaturewouldneedtoberelaxedforgeothermalenergytogrow”可推知，答案A符合文意。答案：A4．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“ResearcherHideakiMatsuisaid，Producingelectricityusinghotspringsisadecades-longproject...”可知，答案B符合文意。答案：B5．解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)對(duì)文章最終兩段的整體理解可知，日本的地?zé)崮茉礉摿薮蟆４鸢福篊閱讀理解Farm-raisedpigsaredirty,smellyanimalsthatgetnorespect.They’realsoanenvironmentalhazard.Theirmanure(糞便)containsphosphorus(磷)，which,whenitrains,runsoffintolakesandrivers,consumingoxygen,killingfish,stimulatingalgae(藻類)overgrowthandemittinggreenhousegases.Doingawaywiththepigisnotanoption.Pigsprovidemoredietaryprotein,morecheaply,tomorepeoplethananyotheranimal.NorthernEuropestillmaintainsthehighestpig-to-humanratio(比率)intheworld(2-1inDenmark),butEastAsiaiscatchingup.Duringthe1990s,porkproductiondoubledinVietnamandgrewby70percentinChina—alongdenselypopulatedcoastlines,pigdensityexceeds100animalspersquarekilometer.Theresultingpollutionis“threateningfragilecoastalmarinehabitatsincludingmangroves(紅樹林)，coralreefsandseagrasses,”accordingtoareportreleasedinFebruarybytheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations.Asitturnsout,thereisasolutiontothepigproblem,butitrequiresachangeofmind-setamongenvironmentalistsandthepublic.TwoCanadianscientistshavecreatedapigwhosemanuredoesn’tcontainverymuchphosphorusatall.Ifthisvarietyofpigwereadoptedwidely,Itcouldgreatlyreduceamajorsourceofpollution.ButtheEnviropig,astheycallit,istheproductofgeneticmodification—whichisanathema(忌諱)tomanyWesterners.TheEnviropigisoneofmanynewtechnologiesthatareputtingenvironmentalistsandorganic-foodsupportersinaquandary:shouldtheyremaincategorically(無條件)opposedtogeneticallymodified(GM)foodsevenattheexpenseoftheenvironment?Elsewhere,treesgrownforpapercouldbemadeamenabletomuchmoreefficientprocessing,reducingbothenergyusageandtoxicchemicalbleach(漂白劑)inwastewaterfrompapermills.ThemostsignificantGMapplicationswillbeonesthathelplessentheproblemofagriculture,whichaccountsfor38percentoftheworld’slandmassandiscrowdingoutnaturalecosystemsandspecieshabitats.Chancesare,farmerswillcontinuetogrowtheirpollutingorganicpork,theirallergenic(引起過敏的)organicsoyandtheirneurotoxin(神經(jīng)毒素)sprayedorganicapples.Worsestill,theywillmakesurethatnooneelsegetsachoiceinthematterofimprovingtheconditionsoflifeonearth—unless,thatis,othersriseupanddemandanalternative.

11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Pigsbringmoredestructionthanbenefittohumanbeings.B.Noothercountrieshavethehigherpercentageofpig-to-humanthanEastAsia.C.Theporkproductionhasincreasedto70％inChina.D.Thepollutionbroughtbypigsisakillertothecreatureofthesea.12.ThereasonaccountingforthehesitationtoaccepttheideaoftheEnviropigis__________.A.thepoortechnologyB.thehighcostC.themoralconceptD.thedoubtfromthepublic13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quandary”mean?A.anagreementB.anegotiationC.adilemmaD.anadventure14.Thenegativeinfluencebroughtbythetraditionalagricultureis_________-.A.morelivingspaceoccupationB.morecropimprovementC.morefoodproductionD.morechemicalapplication15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoRaisePigsB.WhethertochoosetheGMFoodsC.What’sGMFoodsD.ThePollutionBroughtbyPigs

【參考答案】11—15、DCCAB完形填空。ThishappenedyearsagowhenIwasawaitress，butIstillclearlyrememberthisspecificincidentsovividly.Astheendofthenightwas__1__，tenminutesbeforeourrestaurantclosed，agentlemancamein.Iwasthe__2__waitresswhogottostayafterclosingtoservehimhisfood.Thecustomerwasquite__3__withhowhisfoodwasprepared.Hesenthis__4__backtwice.Wheniteventuallyarrivedtohisliking,he__5__somefreshcoffee.Meanwhile，mymanagerandourcookswere__6__meclosely,astheywantedthelastcustomerofthe__7__tofinallyleavesothatwecould__8__therestaurantandgohome.AtthattimeIwasfrustratedandtired.Ialsoknewhewouldprobablynot__9__verywell,seeinghisinexpensivemeal.__10__，Itriedtogivehimgoodservice.Theninthelasttenminutes,asIwasrefillinghiscoffee,Isomehow__11__itonthetableaswellashisplate.Iapologized,butIwas__12__togethimanotherplateoffoodaseverythingwasshutdowninthe__13__.Knowinghisprevioustemperament(性情),Ihadacertain__14__ofhowhemightreact.Heaskedtospeaktothemanager.Buthe__15__shockedmeatthispoint.Insteadof__16__tomyboss，hesimplysaid，“Thisyounglady'sdoneafinejob.Youneedtokeepher__17__aslongasyoucan！”Afterthathepaidhisbillandleft，andIeagerlywenthome.ThenextmorningwhenIcametoworkand__18__mytips—youoftendon'tgetittillthenextday__19__acustomerchargesitonacreditcard—Iwas__20__thatthecustomerhadoffereda$15tipforhis$8dinner.Peopleareoftenmuchnicerthantheylook!幾年前，我在飯店當(dāng)服務(wù)生。某天晚上，我們接待了一位男士，他對(duì)飯菜有諸多挑剔和要求，而我又不當(dāng)心將咖啡灑到了盤子和桌子上。正值我戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢時(shí)，他溫存的態(tài)度讓我頗感意外，而且他還為8美元的飯付了我15美元的小費(fèi)。1.A.darkening B.approachingC.leaving D.happening答案：B深夜快要“來臨(approaching)”時(shí)，在飯店關(guān)門前的格外鐘，一位紳士來用餐。2.A.last B.firstC.unlucky D.young答案：C依據(jù)前面描繪的時(shí)間和后面的whogotto...可知，在這么晚的時(shí)候還不得不留下來為客人服務(wù)，作者感到自己很“不幸(unlucky)”。3.A.pleased B.familiarC.interested D.dissatisfied答案：D依據(jù)后面的sent...backtwice和Wheniteventuallyarrivedtohisliking推斷，這位紳士對(duì)飯菜的做法”不滿足(dissatisfied)”。4.A.order B.billC.note D.mail答案：A這位先生把他“點(diǎn)的飯菜(order)”退回來兩次。5.A.changed B.soldC.needed D.threw答案：C當(dāng)一切都合他的意，他又要了新穎咖啡。6.A.following B.checkingC.watching D.helping答案：C這個(gè)時(shí)候經(jīng)理和廚師都緊“盯(watching)”作者，由于他們期望這位顧客盡快吃完離開。從空格處后面的副詞closely就可排解其他選項(xiàng)，watchsb.closely親熱凝視，認(rèn)真觀看。7.A.day B.timeC.place D.room答案：A此處是指那一“天(day)”飯店的最終一名顧客。8.A.turnup B.closeupC.setoff D.turnoff答案：B最終一名顧客離開后他們就可以“關(guān)門(closeup)”回家了。9.A.speak B.behaveC.tip D.eat答案：C依據(jù)顧客用餐的費(fèi)用和最終一段提示可知，作者推斷這位紳士不會(huì)付很多的小費(fèi)。tip此處用作動(dòng)詞，指“付小費(fèi)”。最終一段的第一句話有提示。10.A.Instead B.BesidesC.Otherwise D.However答案：D“然而(However)”，作者還是盡最大努力給他供應(yīng)好的服務(wù)。11.A.spread B.leftC.spilled D.broke答案：C在給這位紳士添咖啡的時(shí)候，不知怎么的，作者把咖啡“灑到(spilled)”了桌子和盤子上。12.