黑龍江省哈爾濱市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)校2021-2022學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題

黑龍江省哈爾濱市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)校2021-2022學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題姓名：__________班級(jí)：__________考號(hào)：__________題號(hào)一二三四五總分評(píng)分一、閱讀理解（每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀理解Themanagementandstaffarehappytowelcomeyouandwilldoalltheycantomakeyourstayanenjoyableone.MEALTIMESOurovernightchargeincludesacontinental-typebreakfast.Breakfast:7:30-9:30a.m.Lunch:12:00-2:00p.m.Afternoontea:4:00-5:30p.m.Dinner:7:00-9:15p.m.Mealscanbeservedinroomsatasmallextracharge.Weregretthatmealscannotbeservedoutsidethesetimes.Lightrefreshmentsincludingtea,coffee,biscuitsandsandwiches,canbeservedinroomsbetween10:00a.m.and11:00p.m.exceptduringthemealtimeslistedabove.Colddrinksareavailableintheroomrefrigerator.ROOMCLEANINGPleasehangtheappropriatesignonyourdoorhandleifyoudonotwishtobedisturbedItwillbeeasierforthemaidsifyoucanleavetheroomtemporarilyatanytimebetween9:30a.m.and4:00p.m.VALUABLESWearenotresponsibleforthelossofmoney,jewellery,orothervaluablesunlesstheyarekeptinthesafeandsignedforbythemanager.DEPARTURESPleaseinformreceptionistsofyourintendedleavingbefore9:30a.m.ofthedayconcernedandleavetheroombynoontoallowforitspreparationforincomingguests.Ifcircumstances(情況)require,luggagecanbeleftinthechargeofthehallporter.ASPECIALREQUESTWewouldrespectfullysuggestthatinconsiderationofthecomfortofotherguests,thevolumeofradiosandtelevisionsshouldbeturneddownafter11:00p.m.1．Mealscanbeserved_______.A．inroomsat9:00p.m.B．inthedining-roomat6:00p.m.C．outsidetheroomat3:00p.m.D．inthedining-roomfrom7:30a.m.to9:15p.m.2．Whereisthisnoticemostlikelytobefound?A．Inhotels. B．Inshops.C．Atrestaurants. D．Inthenewspapers.3．Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A．Youshouldrespecttheotherguests.B．Youarenotallowedtouseradiosandtelevisions.C．Youshouldn'tmaketheradiosandtelevisionstooloudafter11:00p.m.D．Tocomfortothers,youshouldturnoffradiosandtelevisionsafter11:00p.m.4．閱讀理解AsIstuckinthemud(泥),withmybikeontopofme,Iwonderedwhathadforcedmetocomehere.Madagascarisnotagoodplaceforacyclingholiday:oneoftheworld'spoorestcountries,only11percentofroadwayispaved(鋪).SouthofthetownofAntalaha,whereIstarted,theroadwasinworsecondition.IappearedfromaweekinthewildernessandreachedthestartoftheRouteNational5atMaroantsetra,butmydreamofasmoothroadandspeedwassuddenlydestroyedbymud.The"worstroadinthecountry"changedmybicycleintoaburden(負(fù)擔(dān))fordays.Finally,Iwasclaimedbytheroad.Tired.Alone.AsIwiped(擦)themudfrommyfaceandlookedupwards,IwasgreetedbyaMalagasyman.Hehelpedmestandupandsmiledplayfullywhilehepointedtomybike,whichsatnexttohis.Istartedagain.ButIfellagaininthemud.Angrily,Itoldhimtogoon,butifheunderstoodheshowednosignofit.Hissmileforcedmebackontothebike.Wecontinuedlikethisforhours.ButIfellless.Studyingmyquickguide,slowlyIlearned.Aswepassedthroughavillage,agroupofchildrensawmeandshoutedloudly.Hisonlywordswere:"Theirparentstellthemwhilepeoplestealandeatthem.Funny,no?"Itriedtoaskwhy,buthehadalreadysetoff.Itriedtocatchup;asIgotcloser,hetookitasachallengeandspedup.Weracedalongtheroad.IrodealittlefasterandIwasjustbehind,abouttocatchupwithhim.Withasmile,hespedupandwasaway,leavingmebreathless.（1）Whatwasintheauthor'smindwhenhewasinthemud?A．Heconsideredhisexperienceaspecialpleasure.B．Hemadeuphismindtocontinuechallenginghimself.C．HetriedtothinkoutanewroadforcyclinginAntalaha.D．HeregrettedhavingthecyclingholidayinMadagascar.（2）WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?A．Theauthorchoseanotherroad.B．Theauthordecidedtoaskforhelp.C．Theauthorlayontheroadforarest.D．Theauthorhadnoconfidencetorideon.（3）HowdidtheMalagasymanhelptheauthor?A．Byshowinghimtherightway.B．Bywipingthemudfromhisbike.C．Byridinginfrontofhimalltheway.D．Byteachinghimhowtorideinthemud.（4）What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Alonelytrip B．AbicycleraceC．Alessonincycling D．AroadinMadagascar閱讀理解Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.Athletesandscientistshavelongknownthatmealtimingaffectsperformance.However,farlesshasbeenknownabouthowmealtimingandexercisemightaffectgeneralhealth.Tofindout,Britishscientistsconductedastudy.Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesare,forbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.Theytestedthemen'sfitnessandrestingmetabolic(新陳代謝的)ratesandtooksamples(樣品)oftheirbloodandfattissue.Then,ontwoseparatemorningvisitstothescientists'lab,eachmanwalkedforanhouratanaveragespeedthat,intheoryshouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel.Beforeoneoftheseworkouts,themenskippedbreakfast,meaningthattheyexercisedonacompletelyemptystomachafteralongovernightfast(禁食).Ontheotheroccasion,theyatearichmorningmealabouttwohoursbeforetheystartedwalking.Justbeforeandanhouraftereachworkout,thescientiststookadditionalsamplesofthemen'sbloodandfattissue.Thentheycomparedthesamples.Therewereconsiderabledifferences.Mostobviously,themendisplayedlowerbloodsugarlevelsatthestartoftheirworkoutswhentheyhadskippedbreakfastthanwhentheyhadeaten.Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand,theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant,theresearchersfound.Multiplegenesbehaveddifferently,dependingonwhethersomeonehadeatenornotbeforewalking.Manyofthesegenesproduceproteins(蛋白質(zhì))thatcanimprovebloodsugarregulationandinsulin(胰島素)levelsthroughoutthebodyandsoareassociatedwithimprovedmetabolichealth.Thesegenesweremuchmoreactivewhenthemenhadfastedbeforeexercisethanwhentheyhadbreakfasted.Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.5．Theunderlinedexpression"stomachit"inParagraph1mostprobablymeans"______".A．digestthemealeasily B．managewithoutbreakfastC．decidewiselywhattoeat D．eatwhateverisoffered6．Whywerethe10peoplechosenfortheexperiment?A．Theirlifestylesweretypicalofordinarypeople.B．Theirlackofexerciseledtooverweight.C．Theycouldwalkatanaveragespeed.D．Theyhadslowmetabolicrates.7．Whathappenedtothosewhoatebreakfastbeforeexercise?A．Theysuccessfullylostweight.B．Theyconsumedabitmorecalories.C．Theyburnedmorefatonaverage.D．Theydisplayedhigherinsulinlevels.8．Whatcouldbelearnedfromtheresearch?A．Aworkoutafterbreakfastimprovesgeneperformances.B．Toomuchworkoutoftenslowsmetabolicrates.C．Lifestyleisnotasimportantasmorningexercise.D．Physicalexercisebeforebreakfastisbetterforhealth.閱讀理解Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性別)are"really,reallysmart."Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare"really,reallysmart."Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith"intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld."9．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A．They'reunfair. B．They'reconservative.C．They'reobjective. D．They'restrict.10．WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A．Theythinkthemselvessmart.B．Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C．Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.D．Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs11．Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?A．Improvedglobalcommunication.B．Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.C．Acceptanceofvictors'concepts.D．Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.12．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．GeniusesThinkAlike B．GeniusTakesManyFormsC．GeniusandIntelligence D．GeniusandLuck二、任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）13．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Newrestaurants,galleries,templesandnewarchitecture…Theseplacesarehomesforpeoplelikeuswholiveandworkthere.Howwouldyouwantvisitorstobehaveinyourownhome?Thinkaboutit.Therearemanywaysofdoingthiswithoutsacrificingourownholiday.DoyourhomeworkGuideswillhelpyouwhenyougettosite,butisthatthebestplacetogo?Isitpopularonlybecausetheone-daytouristcanseeiteasilyorbecauseitisreallyaworthwhileplacetovisit?You'dbettercheckitout.Don'tgotoyourhotelsformeals.Walkaround,evenifinthestreetsclosesttoyourhotel.Eatinlocalrestaurants.Talktothelocals.Learnafewinthelocallanguageandusethem.Youwillsurelygetasmilefromthehotelstaffandstreetsellers.Helppreservethesites.Mostofthesitesyouvisitmaybevisitedbymillionsofpeopleayear,socareneedstobetakentoallowotherstoenjoythemaswell.Someofthesemonumentsaresooldandfragilethattheyaresensitivetothetouchofhandsorbagsandshows.Thisway,youdon'tencouragetheuseofthoseplasticbagsthatflyallovermanysites.Andhere'sthebigone—goodmannersarenearlyuniversal.Ifthatdoesn'tsoundlikeyou,thengivetheworldabreakandstayhome.A.Experiencetheplace.B.Alwayshaveaclothbagwithyou.C.Readupontheplacesyouwanttovisit.D.Trytobuysomethingfromthelocalstores.E.Agoodtouristispolite,positiveandeco-sensitive.F.We'vecleanedupafterourselvesandtakenonlygoodmemories.G.Ifwearegoodtourists,whereverwego,wetrytomakeitalittlebetterbecauseofourvisit.三、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，的從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Meetingyourfamily'snutritionalneedsmayseemdifficultconsideringtoday'sbusylifestyle.Butitdoesn'thaveto14．.Evenanewemphasis15．morefruitandvegetablesdoesn'tnecessarilymeanmorepreparationtimeifyou16．theconvenienceofcannedfood.Whenyouopena17．offruitorvegetablesathomeyouhavefreshpackednutritionalproduceathand,withnoman-madeingredientsandnopreservatives.Andalltheworkhasbeen18．foryou:theslicing,thepeeling,eventhecooking.Cannedfruitandvegetablesleaveyouthe19．tobecreative.Andwiththevarietyoffruitandvegetablesavailablethesedays,youcanservedifferentcombinations,createnewdishes,and20．newtastestooldrecipes.Cannedfoodsaregoodaswell.AUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgricultureandNationalNutritionalFoodsAssociationco-sponsoredstudyshowscannedvegetablestobejustas21．a(chǎn)sfreshorfrozen.Becausecannedvegetablesare22．withinhoursofbeingpacked,theygenerallyretain70to90percentoftheirnutrients.Fruitandvegetablescanningisas23．a(chǎn)syourgrandmother"storesup"tomatoesandotherthingsfromthegarden.Freshproduceistakenfromthefieldatjusttherighttime,24．tothecannery,checked,washed,sealed,andsterilized.Allthisgenerally25．inlessthan24hoursto26．thebestqualityandnutritionalvaluewithouttheneedforanypreservatives.Usetheliquidsthatvegetablesare27．inasasubstituteforwaterinrecipestogetthatlastdropofgoodnutrition.Mostmajorbrandsofcannedfruitandvegetablesincludenutritional28．a(chǎn)ndingredientstatementsontheirlabels.Thisisespeciallyimportanttothoseoncalorie-consciousorrestricteddiets.14．A．do B．seem C．be D．need15．A．to B．on C．a(chǎn)bout D．over16．A．payattentionto B．getholdofC．takeadvantageof D．havefaithin17．A．bowl B．can C．bottle D．box18．A．done B．prepared C．designed D．a(chǎn)rranged19．A．demand B．time C．patience D．place20．A．increase B．decrease C．put D．a(chǎn)dd21．A．colorful B．bad C．good D．eco-friendly22．A．cooked B．fried C．processed D．boiled23．A．simple B．complex C．quick D．convenient24．A．carried B．delivered C．brought D．presented25．A．comes B．goes C．happens D．takes26．A．ensure B．remain C．promote D．produce27．A．put B．stored C．canned D．buried28．A．element B．content C．detail D．percentage四、語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Exerciseisoneofthemostimportant29．(part)ofkeepingyourbodyatahealthyweight.Wealsoknowthat30．(stay)fitandhealthyisveryvital.Exercisecanhelppreventweightgain.Ifyoucan'tafford31．(pay)thegymavisiteveryday,don'tworry—justbecomeactivethroughouttheday.Whenyouexercise32．(regular),youareinbetterchancesofimprovingyourmood.Itcanalsoincreaseyourconfidence.Besides,itwillbetteryourappearance,33．meansyourbodywillbeingoodshape.Regularexerciseisalsogood34．physicalfitnessandgoodhealth.Apartfromweightcontrol,exercisecanalsodelayyouragingprocess.Ifyoudon'texercise,yourmuscles(肌肉)35．(become)veryweak.Also,yourheartandlungsmightnotfunctionaswellandyouaremorelikelytoget36．(injure).Inactivityisasmuchofahealthriskassmoking.Makesurethatanexerciseplan37．(make),soyoucanknowwhenandwhatyoushoulddo.However,don'tover-exerciseyourself38．doingtoomuchexerciseonadailybasiswillhaveharmfulresults.五、寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）39．當(dāng)前不少文學(xué)作品被改編成電影。有人選擇看電影，有人則喜歡讀原著。請(qǐng)你以"Shallwewatchfilmsorreadtheoriginalworks?"為題，按照下列要點(diǎn)寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文：1）看電影：省時(shí)、易懂；2）讀原著：細(xì)節(jié)更多、語(yǔ)言優(yōu)美；3）你的看法及理由。注意：1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Shallwewatchfilmsorreadtheoriginalworks?40．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。TherewasarichcouplewhowasthrowingabigNewYearpartyattheirhouse.Sotheywentshoppingatthemarketwhereeverythingwasofhighcostandfixedprice.Theywantedtomaintaintheirlevelofstandardsotheydidn'tmindpayingforit.Afterpurchasingalltheyneeded,theycalledaportertocarryeverythinganddropitattheirhome.Theporterwhocamewasofanoldage,andlookedveryunhealthy,andhisclothesweretorn,andhelookedasifhewasn'tevenabletomeethisdailyneeds.Theyaskedtheporteraboutthechargesfordeliveringtheirgoodstotheirhome.Theoldporterquotedjust$20,wellbelowthemarketprice.Yet,thecouplearguedandbargainedwiththeporterandfinallysettledfor$15.Theporterwasstrugglingtomakeevenonetime'smealsoheneededanythinghecouldearn.Thecouplewasveryhappythinkinghowwelltheybargainedwiththepoorporterandpaidhim$15inadvanceandleftaftergivingtheportertheiraddressfordelivery.Theyreachedtheirhomeandonehourpassed,andtwohourspassed,buttheporterstilldidn'tdelivertheirstuff.Thewifestartedtogetangryatherhusband,"Ialwaystellyounottotrustsuchperson,butyouneverlistentome.Iamsureinsteadofdeliveringthegoodstoourhome,hemusthavedisappearedwitheverything.Wemustimmediatelygobacktothemarkettoinquireandthentothepolicestationtofilethecomplaintagainsthim."Theybothlefttowardsthemarket.Ontheirwaynearthemarket,theysawanotherporter.Theystoppedhimtoinquireabouttheoldporterandnoticedthathewascarryingtheirgoodsinhiscart!Theangrywifeaskedhim,"Whereisthatoldthief?Thisisourgoodsandhewassupposedtodeliverthem.Itseemsyoupoorthievesarestealingourgoodsandgoingtosellthem."Paragraph1:Whentheporterheardtheangrywifeasking.Paragraph2:Uponhearingthis,thehusbandhadtearsinhiseyes,

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．A3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹一家酒店的規(guī)章制度，包括三餐和茶點(diǎn)的時(shí)間安排、房間的清潔安排、貴重物品的規(guī)定、退房制度以及特殊要求的說(shuō)明?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由MEALTIMES部分中的“Dinner:7:00-9:15p.m.”晚餐：晚上7——9：15；以及“Mealscanbeservedinroomsatasmallextracharge.Weregretthatmealscannotbeservedoutsidethesetimes.”可以在房間里提供餐食，但要付一點(diǎn)額外費(fèi)用。很遺憾，這些時(shí)間外不能用餐。可知，晚上九點(diǎn)飯菜可以送到房間。故選A。2．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“Themanagementandstaffarehappytowelcomeyouandwilldoalltheycantomakeyourstayanenjoyableone.”管理層和工作人員很高興歡迎您，并將盡其所能使您的逗留愉快。可知，提到管理和工作人員很高興歡迎您，并將盡一切努力使您的入住愉快。結(jié)合下面的小標(biāo)題推斷，這顯然是旅館中的規(guī)章制度，因此推斷這則通知會(huì)出現(xiàn)在旅館里。故選A。3．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)ASPECIALREQUEST部分中的“Wewouldrespectfullysuggestthatinconsiderationofthecomfortofotherguests,thevolumeofradiosandtelevisionsshouldbeturneddownafter11:00p.m.”考慮到其他客人的舒適度，我們建議在晚上11點(diǎn)以后將收音機(jī)和電視的音量調(diào)低）”可知，晚上11點(diǎn)以后你不應(yīng)該把收音機(jī)和電視開得太大聲。故選C。4．【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者在非洲馬達(dá)加斯加騎行遇到困難的時(shí)候，一位當(dāng)?shù)厝思?lì)自己繼續(xù)騎行。

（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Iwonderedwhathadforcedmetocomehere”及下文對(duì)馬達(dá)加斯加當(dāng)?shù)芈窙r的介紹可知，作者來(lái)到這里騎行發(fā)現(xiàn)路況很差，這讓他后悔不已。故選D。

（2）考查句義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“butmydreamofasmoothroad...fordays”及Tired可知，泥濘的道路使作者疲憊不堪，讓他失去了繼續(xù)騎行的信心。故選D。

（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Studyingmyquickguide”及第四段中的“Itriedtocatchup;asIgotcloser,hetookitasachallengeandspedup”可知，那個(gè)馬達(dá)加斯加男人一直在作者前面騎行來(lái)鼓勵(lì)他。故選C。

（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)文中作者在馬達(dá)加斯加騎行遇到困難時(shí)受到一位當(dāng)?shù)厝说膸椭芍?，作者從中受益匪淺。故選C。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，句義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。【答案】5．B6．A7．B8．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，一項(xiàng)研究表明對(duì)于那些能忍受的人來(lái)說(shuō)，不吃早餐鍛煉可能對(duì)健康更有益。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。5．考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第一段中的“workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst”可知，早餐前鍛煉可能比先吃飯?jiān)馘憻拰?duì)健康更有益，因此推斷這里說(shuō)的是那些不吃早飯先鍛煉的人，因此推斷劃線詞與B項(xiàng)“不吃早飯能應(yīng)付”意思相近。故選B。6．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesarefarbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.”他們首先找到了10個(gè)超重的，不活躍但健康的年輕人，他們的生活方式可以說(shuō)更好，也可以說(shuō)更糟，代表了我們大多數(shù)人?？芍瑢?shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)選擇的10個(gè)人的生活方式代表了普通人。故選A。7．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand.theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.”結(jié)果，他們空腹散步時(shí)燃燒的脂肪比他們首先吃東西時(shí)所燃燒的脂肪要多。另一方面。平均而言，他們?cè)谠绮秃箦憻挄r(shí)燃燒的卡路里略多于禁食后?？芍?，鍛煉前吃早飯消耗更多一點(diǎn)的熱量。故選B。8．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段“Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.”這些結(jié)果的暗示，為了從運(yùn)動(dòng)中獲得最大的健康益處，先不吃東西可能更明智。因此推斷早飯前的體育鍛煉對(duì)健康更有益。故選D?！敬鸢浮?．A10．D11．A12．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，由問題“誰(shuí)是天才?”引入，論述了世人對(duì)天才的狹隘定義，提出事實(shí)上“天才”有很多種形式，不要讓思維限制了我們的“天才”能力?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。9．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Itissaidthathistoryiswrittenbyvictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub-women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief-theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.”據(jù)說(shuō)歷史是由勝利者書寫的，而那些勝利者為進(jìn)入天才俱樂部設(shè)定了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。當(dāng)俱樂部以外的天才——女性或不同膚色或信仰的人——做出貢獻(xiàn)時(shí)，他們不會(huì)被承認(rèn)并且被其他人拒絕?？芍?，作者認(rèn)為那些“勝利者”對(duì)進(jìn)“天才俱樂部”設(shè)置的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是不公平的，因?yàn)榕曰蛘卟煌w色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承認(rèn)的。故選A。10．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief.Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare‘really,reallysmart.'”更糟糕的是，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)女孩們是按照這個(gè)信念行事的。六歲左右，她們開始避免那些據(jù)說(shuō)是“非常非常聰明”的孩子參加的活動(dòng)?？赏浦?，女孩容易受到社會(huì)信仰的影響，認(rèn)為自己不適合做“聰明孩子”做的事情。故選D。11．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.”在一個(gè)擁有持續(xù)的全球交流的聯(lián)網(wǎng)的世界里，我們隨時(shí)隨地都能看到天才的出現(xiàn)?？芍M(jìn)步的全球通訊讓更多的天才被公眾所知道。故選A。12．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，結(jié)合文章第一段提出問題“Whoisagenius?”誰(shuí)是天才；以及最后一段中的“Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance,andsimplegeniuses,whoareabletochangetheworld.'”我們看得越多，就越會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，像性別、種族和階級(jí)這樣的社會(huì)因素并不能決定天才的外表。正如一位作家所說(shuō)，未來(lái)的天才來(lái)自那些具有“智慧、創(chuàng)造力、毅力和那些能夠改變世界的簡(jiǎn)單天才?？芍?，天才不一定是那些有巨大貢獻(xiàn)的人，他們也可以是某一方面比較突出的普通人?！疤觳庞卸喾N形式”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。13．【答案】G；C；A；B；E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了旅游中怎樣做一個(gè)有素質(zhì)的游客。

（1）考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前“Howwouldyouwantvisitorstobehaveinyourownhome?”你希望訪客在你自己的家里表現(xiàn)如何？；以及空后“Therearemanywaysofdoingthiswithoutsacrificingourownholiday.”在不犧牲我們自己的假期的情況下，有很多方法可以做到這一點(diǎn)。G.Ifwearegoodtourists,whereverwego,wetrytomakeitalittlebetterbecauseofourvisit.“如果我們是好的游客，無(wú)論我們?nèi)ツ睦?，我們都?huì)因?yàn)槲覀兊脑L問而使舉止端莊。”，承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

（2）考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段主要講選擇旅游地點(diǎn)的重要性，要提前選好。C.Readupontheplacesyouwanttovisit.“仔細(xì)研讀你想去的地方?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選C。

（3）考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段主要講達(dá)到旅游地后要做的事，如選旅館、飯店等。本空要求選標(biāo)題，A.Experiencetheplace.“體驗(yàn)這個(gè)地方”符合語(yǔ)境，起統(tǒng)領(lǐng)作用。故選A。

（4）考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力?？蘸笾v不鼓勵(lì)用塑料袋，B.Alwayshaveaclothbagwithyou“隨身帶一個(gè)布袋?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選B。

（5）考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講一個(gè)普遍的重要的禮貌問題，E.goodtouristispolite,positiveandeco-sensitive.“好的游客是有禮貌的，積極的和對(duì)生態(tài)敏感的”。選項(xiàng)具體說(shuō)明游客的綜合素養(yǎng)。goodmanners呼應(yīng)Agoodtourist。故選E。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力?！敬鸢浮?4．C；15．B；16．C；17．B；18．A；19．B；20．D；21．C；22．C；23．A；24．B；25．C；26．A；27．C；28．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了罐頭食品的便利和優(yōu)勢(shì)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞，名詞，形容詞，介詞，固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇生活類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。14．句意：但它不一定很難。A.do“做”；B.seem“似乎”；C.be“成為”；D.need“需要”。根據(jù)上文“Meetingyourfamily'snutritionalneedsmayseemdifficultconsideringtoday'sbusylifestyle”可知此處指滿足家人的營(yíng)養(yǎng)需求不一定很困難，故選C。15．句意：如果你能充分利用罐頭食品的便利，即使強(qiáng)調(diào)更多的水果和蔬菜并不一定意味著更多的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間。A.to“朝著”；B.on“在上面”；C.about“關(guān)于”；D.over“越過”。根據(jù)空前“anewemphasis”可知，此處是固定短語(yǔ)emphasison““強(qiáng)調(diào)”。故選B。16．句意：如果你充分利用罐頭食品的便利，即使強(qiáng)調(diào)更多的水果和蔬菜并不一定意味著更多的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間。A.payattentionto“注意”；B.getholdof“把握”；C.takeadvantageof“利用”；D.havefaithin“相信”。根據(jù)空后“theconvenienceofcannedfood”指利用罐頭食品的便利，故選C。17．句意：當(dāng)你在家里打開一罐水果或蔬菜時(shí)，你手邊就有新鮮包裝好的營(yíng)養(yǎng)產(chǎn)品，不含人工配料和防腐劑。A.bowl“碗”；B.can“罐頭”；C.bottle“瓶子”；D.box“盒子”。根據(jù)下文“theslicing,thepeeling,eventhecooking.Cannedfruitandvegetables”可知，打開的是一罐水果或蔬菜。故選B。18．句意：所有的工作都已經(jīng)為你做好了：切片，剝皮，甚至烹飪。A.done“完成”；B.prepared“準(zhǔn)備”；C.designed“設(shè)計(jì)”；D.arranged“安排”。根據(jù)空后“theslicing,thepeeling,eventhecooking”可知罐裝食品的加工工作已經(jīng)都完成好了。故選A。19．句意：罐裝水果和蔬菜會(huì)給你創(chuàng)造的時(shí)間。A.demand“需求”；B.time“時(shí)間”；C.patience“耐心”；D.place“地方”。根據(jù)下文“Andwiththevarietyoffruitandvegetablesavailablethesedays,youcanservedifferentcombinations”可知罐裝水果和蔬菜給你的進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造的時(shí)間。故選B。20．句意：現(xiàn)在有了各種各樣的水果和蔬菜，你可以提供不同的組合，創(chuàng)造新的菜肴，給舊食譜添加新的口味。A.increase“增加”；B.decrease“減少”；C.put“放置”；D.add“添加”。根據(jù)空后“newtastestooldrecipes”指給舊食譜添加新的口味，故選D。21．句意：美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部和國(guó)家營(yíng)養(yǎng)食品協(xié)會(huì)共同發(fā)起的一項(xiàng)研究表明，罐裝蔬菜和新鮮蔬菜或冷凍蔬菜一樣好。A.colorful“多彩的”；B.bad“壞的”；C.good“好的”；D.eco-friendly“環(huán)保的”。根據(jù)空后“theygenerallyretain70to90percentoftheirnutrients”可知，一項(xiàng)研究表明，罐裝蔬菜和新鮮蔬菜或冷凍蔬菜一樣好。故選C。22．句意：因?yàn)楣扪b蔬菜在包裝后幾小時(shí)內(nèi)就進(jìn)行了加工，所以它們通常保留了70%到90%的營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分。A.cooked“烹飪”；B.fried“油炸”；C.processed“加工”；D.boiled“煮”。根據(jù)空后“withinhoursofbeingpacked”指罐裝蔬菜在包裝后幾小時(shí)內(nèi)就進(jìn)行了加工，所以保留了大部分營(yíng)養(yǎng)。故選C。23．句意：水果和蔬菜罐頭很簡(jiǎn)單，就像你的祖母“儲(chǔ)存”西紅柿和其他從菜園里摘來(lái)的東西一樣。A.simple“簡(jiǎn)單的”；B.complex“復(fù)雜的”；C.quick“快速的”；D.convenient“方便的”。根據(jù)后文“asyourgrandmother"storesup"tomatoesandotherthingsfromthegarden”指水果和蔬菜罐頭很簡(jiǎn)單，就像你的祖母“儲(chǔ)存”西紅柿和其他從菜園里摘來(lái)的東西一樣。故選A。24．句意：新鮮的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品在合適的時(shí)間從地里取出，送到罐頭廠，檢查、清洗、密封和消毒。A.carried“搬運(yùn)”；B.delivered“遞送”；C.brought“帶來(lái)”；D.presented“展示”。根據(jù)空后“tothecannery,checked,washed,sealed,andsterilized”指把農(nóng)產(chǎn)品送到罐頭廠進(jìn)行加工。故選B。25．句意：這一切通常發(fā)生在24小時(shí)內(nèi)，以確保最好的質(zhì)量和營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，而不需要任何防腐劑。A.comes“來(lái)”；B.goes“離開”；C.happens“發(fā)生”；D.takes“帶走”。根據(jù)下文“inlessthan24hoursto”可知這一切程序都是在24小時(shí)內(nèi)發(fā)生的。故選C。26．句意：這一切通常發(fā)生在24小時(shí)內(nèi)，以確保最好的質(zhì)量和營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，而不需要任何防腐劑。A.ensure“確?！?；B.remain“保持”；C.promote“提升”；D.produce“產(chǎn)生”。根據(jù)空后“thebestqualityandnutritionalvaluewithouttheneedforanypreservatives.”可知，加工間隔時(shí)間短是為了確保最好的質(zhì)量和營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，而不需要任何防腐劑。故選A。27．句意：在食譜中，使用罐裝蔬菜作為水的替代品，以獲得最后一滴好的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。A.put“放置”；B.stored“儲(chǔ)存”；C.canned“罐裝”；D.buried“埋葬”。根據(jù)上文可知，文章整體都是在講罐裝蔬菜的優(yōu)勢(shì)，所以這里指使用罐裝蔬菜作為水的替代品，以獲得最后一滴好的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。故選C。28．句意：大多數(shù)主要品牌的罐裝水果和蔬菜都在標(biāo)簽上注明營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分和成分說(shuō)明。A.element“元素”；B.content“所含物，成分”；C.detail“細(xì)節(jié)”；D.percentage“百分比”。根據(jù)空后“andingredientstatementsontheirlabels”指罐裝水果和蔬菜都在標(biāo)簽上注明營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分和成分說(shuō)明。故選B?！敬鸢浮?9．parts；30．staying；31．topay；32．regularly；33．which；34．for；35．willbecome；36．injured；37．ismade；38．because【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了運(yùn)動(dòng)的積極作用以及重要性。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)法填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及名詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，定語(yǔ)從句，副詞，介詞，時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)，狀語(yǔ)從句以及固定搭配等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。29．句意：運(yùn)動(dòng)是保持你身體在健康體重的最重要的部分之一。此處為“oneof+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，表示“最……之一”。故填parts。30．句意：我們也知道保持健康是非常重要的。賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式作主語(yǔ)。故填staying。31．句意：如果你負(fù)擔(dān)不起每天去健身房的費(fèi)用，別擔(dān)心——只要整天保持活躍就行了。affordtodosth.固定短語(yǔ)，“負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事”，故填topay。32．句意：當(dāng)你有規(guī)律地鍛煉時(shí)，你就有更好的機(jī)會(huì)改善你的心情。此處副詞修飾動(dòng)詞exercise，作狀語(yǔ)，故填regularly。33．句意：此外，它會(huì)使你的外表更好，這意味著你的身體將處于良好的狀態(tài)。meansyourbodywillbeingoodshape是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)，故填which。34．句意：經(jīng)常鍛煉對(duì)身體健康也有好處。begoodfor固定短語(yǔ)，”“對(duì)……有好處”，故填for。35．句意：如果你不鍛煉，你的肌肉會(huì)變得很虛弱。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，適用“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，主句表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故填willbecome。36．句意：此外，你的心臟和肺的功能可能不太好，你更有可能受傷。結(jié)合句意表示“受傷”可知短語(yǔ)為getinjured。故填injured。37．句意：確保制定了鍛煉計(jì)劃，這樣你就能知道什么時(shí)候該做什么。主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，描述一個(gè)客觀的事實(shí)故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為anexerciseplan，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填ismade。38．句意：然而，不要過度鍛煉自己，因?yàn)槊刻熳鎏嗟倪\(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)有有害的結(jié)果。引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“因?yàn)椤睉?yīng)用because。故填because。39．【答案】Shallwewatchfilmsorreadtheoriginalworks?Shallwewatchfilmsorreadtheoriginalworks?Viewsaredivided.Someofusthinkthatitisbettertoseethefilmthantoreadtheoriginalwork.Thereasonisthatittakes