2022屆上海市金山區(qū)高考二模英語試題（含聽力）（解析版）

2022學(xué)年第二學(xué)期質(zhì)量監(jiān)控

高三英語試卷

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthe

endofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsand

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandaquestionaboutit,

readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothe

questionyouhaveheard.

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Tohisoffice.B.Toameetingroom.

C.Tothefrontdesk.D.Tothebusstop.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文】W:Excuseme.I'mnewhere.It'smyfirstdayactually.Tmlookingfbrmyoffice,but...

M:Oh,hello.LookI'mreallysorry,butIcan'tstop,yousee.Tinlateforameeting.Youcangotothefrontdesk

forhelp.

Q:Whereisthemanhurryingtogo?

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.AtaschoolB.Inahospital.C.Atarestaurant.D.Inaswimmingpool.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Everything'sdone.Shallweleavethehospitalnowandgetsomelunch?ThenIwilldropyouoffat

school.Isthatokay?

W:SoundsgreatIfeellikesomefish.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.D.Bybike.

【答案】C

【解析】

［原文］M:Ifyouwalkthroughtherain,youwillgetverywet.Sotakemycar.

W:Don'tbother.IthinkI'llgohomebybus.

M:OK,it'suptoyou.Seeyoutomorrow,then.

W:Seeyou.

Q:Howwillthewomangohome?

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Tojoinaclub.B.Toregis:erforschool.

C.Toorganizeacharityevent.D.Togoonatriptothetheater.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:Couldyousignthisformforschool,please,Dad?

M:Let'sseeit.Oh,you'regoingonatheatertrip?

W:Yes,everybodyfromShakespeareClubisgoing.Weraisedthemoneyforitbydoingacharitybikeride.

Q:Whydocsthewomanwantthemantosigntheform?

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.It'scleanthere.B.It'srelaxingthere.

C.It'sbeautifulthere.D.It'snoiselessthere.

【答案】A

【脩析】

［原文］W:Whatdoyouthinkofthispark?Ithinkitisoneofthemostbeautifulplacesinthecity.Ialsolikehow

quietitis.

M:Iagree,butwhatIlikebestisthatyoudon'tseeanywastepaperorplasticbagsontheground.Everyoneisdoing

theirparttoprotecttheenvironmenthere.

Q:Whatdoesthemanlikemostaboutthepark?

6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Law.B.Art.C.History.D.Children'seducation.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文］M:I'vedecidedI'mgoingtostudyartatuniversity.Iwanttodrawthepicturesinchildren'sbooks.

W:Youwouldbesogoodatthat.Ican'tdecidewhattodo.Myfatherwantsmetostudylawlikehedid,butIwould

ratherstudyhistory.

Q:Whichmajorwillthemanchoose?

7.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Tripplans.B.Ticketprices.

C.Touristdestinations.D.Holidaycelebrations.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:It'ssocoldhere.Let'sgotothebeachfbrtheholiday.IfoundcheapticketstoHainaninDecember.

M:Iwasthinkingaboutaskitriptooneofthenorthernprovinces,butwecansavethatforFebruary.

Q:Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?

8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Shewillbebusywithherstudy.

B.Shewillgohikingwithherfamily.

C.Shewillmeethernewpartnersonline.

D.ShewillbrowsethroughtheInternetforfun.

【答案】A

【解析】

［原文］M:Doyouwanttojoinustogohikingthisweekend?

W:No.thanks.IneedtosurftheInternetforinformationandcommunicatewithmyclassmatesabouttheprojecton

weekends.

Q:Whydoesthewomanrefusetheman'sinvitation?

9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Sheenjoystravelingthissummervacation.

B.Sheisconsideringwhethertotravelabroad.

C.Shespeakshighlyofherexperiencelastyear.

D.ShehadanunpleasantexperienceinChicago.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Iknowyouarekeenontravelling.Whatdoyouplantodothissummervacation?

W:ConsideringtheexperienceIhadinChicagolastyear,Iprefertostayathome.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Howcustomerscouldbebestserved.

B.Whatkindofstorescanofferlowerprices.

C.Whetheronlinestoreswillreplacehigh-streetstores.

D.Whysomepeopleprefertobuyproductsinphysicalstores.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Ithinkonlineshoppingwillreplacegoingouttoshops.Onlinestorescanoffermuchlowerprices

thanthehigh-strcctstores.

W:Idoubtit.Ithinkwe'Halwayswanttotouchsomethingsphysicallyandseethembeforewebuythem.

Q:Whatarcthespeakersmainlydiscussing?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,and

youwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassages

andtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyou

hearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbe

thebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答一下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

11.A.Ahost.B.Apatient.C.Adoctor.D.Avolunteer.

12.A.Lawyer.B.Driver.C.Researcher.D.Governmentofficer.

13.

A.Byreadingbooksregularly.

B.Bychangingyourdemandingjob.

C.Bydevelopingsomechallenginghobbies.

D.Byexercisingregularlyandeatinghealthily.

【答案】ILA12.B13.D

【解析】

【原文】Welcome,everyone.ThisisAllanfromDoctors'Research.Asweallknow,yourjobnotonlyaffectsyour

income,qualityoflife,andhappiness,butitalsoaffectsyourhealth.Anewstudyhassuggestedthathavingan

interestingjobinyourfortiesmayreduceyourriskofgettingAlzheimer'sdiseaseinoldage.Afterexaminingover

IOC,000volunteers,theresearchersfound(hatpeoplelikegovernmentofficersandlawyersareathirdlesslikelyto

suflerfromAlzheimer'sdiseasethanvehicledriversandmachineoperators.Althoughlotsofstudieshavesuggested

thatkeepingthebrainactivebychallengingyourselfregularlylikelyreducestheriskofAlzheimer'sdisease,none

ofthestudieshasfoundthatmentallydemandinghobbies,likedoingpuzzles,havethesameeffect.Nordocsreading.

Onthecontrary,regularexerciseandahealthydietarerecommendedinhelpinglowertherisktosomedegree.

Questions:

1.Whatisthespeaker?

2.WhichofthefollowingjobsismorelikelytoleadtoAlzheimer'sdisease?

3.HowcanpeopleprobablyreducetheriskofgettingAlzheimer'sdisease?

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答一下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看?】

14.A.About150.B.About12.C.About15.D.About5.

15.

A.Theyhavelimitedaccesstofriends'updates.

B.Theygetpressurefromtheirfriendsinreallife.

C.Theymakevirtualfriendswiththeiremployers.

D.Whattheypostonlinemayoffendtheirfriends.

16.

A.Onlinefriendshipisofsignificancefbrteenagers.

B.Teenagersinteractwiththeirfrierdsmostlyonline.

C.Teenagers5onlinefriendshipissuperiortothatinreallife.

D.Amajorityofteenagersprefertomakenewfriendsonline.

【答案】14.A15.D16.A

【解析】

【原文】Whenitconiestofriendship,DunbarNumberisworthourattention.Thetheorybehindthisnumberisthat

theaveragepersoncanonlyhaveamaximumofabout150friends.Thesearemorecasualfriendsv/hoyoudon't

thinkoforseeverymuch,butyou'dstillleelcomfortableinvitingthemtoalargeeventlikeawedding.1(further

statesthereareonlyabout5closefriendsthatyouhavemuchcontactwithonaweeklybasisandthen12to15people

thatyouarestillveryclosetoand(rust.Soisitalwaysgood(ohavemanyfriends?Well,itlookslikehavingtoo

manyfriendsonlineandthroughsocialmediamightnotbethegreatest.Astudyshowedthatthemoreonlinefriends

peoplehave,themorestresstheyhave.Theresearchersfoundthat(hemorefriendsapersonhasonsocialmedia,(he

greaterchancetheyhaveatoffendirgpeoplewhentheypostthingsonline.Andthiscanleadtostressandanxiety,

especiallywhenpeoplearevirtualfriendswith(heiremployersandparents.Butonlinefriendsarestillgreatthings

tohave.Whiletherehaven'treallybeenanystudiescomparingonlinefriendstothoseinreallife,meetingfriends

onlineisstillimportant.About47%ofteenagershavemetagoodfriendonlineandaroundhalfofthoseteenagers

mademorethan5newfriendsonline.Butremember:onlinefriendscanbewonderful,yetitmightnotbethebest

idea(ohaveloomanyfriends.

Questions:

14.HowmanyfriendscantheaveragepersonhaveatmostaccordingtotheDunbarNumbertheory?

15.Whydocsthespeakersay“themoreonlinefriendspeoplehave,tlicmorestresstheyhavc^^?

16.Whatcanwelearnaboutteenagers'onlinefriendship?

聽卜面一段較長對(duì)話，回答一卜小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，清去附件告看】

17.

A.Repaintingthewalls.B.Furnishingthekitchen.

C.Rentinganapartment.D.Discussingthepipesystem.

18.

A.Itisinaruralarea.B.Thefridgeworkswell.

C.Itisnexttotheoffice.D.Laundryisincludedintherent.

19.

A.Foraweek.B.Foramonth.

C.Foraboutthreeyears.D.Foratleastayear.

20.A.$200.B.SI80.C.$720.D.$800.

【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.B

【解析】

【原文】W:MayIcomein?

M:Yeah,pleasedo.Nowletmeshowyoutheapartment.

W:Thisseemsaprettyniceroom,Ishouldsay.

M:Youbet.Thisisthenicestroominthedistrict.Youknowwhat,Ijusthadall(hewallsrepaintedlastmonth.

W:Whataboutthekitchen?

M:It'sawell-furnishedeac-inkitchen.Thestoveand(heice-boxareingoodorder,andthesystemofpipesisOK,

W:Isee.Howmuchistherent?

M:200dollarsaweek,excludinglaundry.

W:200dollarsaweek?No,I'mnotreallyinterestedinthisplace.Itisn'tbigenough.What,smore,itisn'tclose

enoughtomyoffice.

M:Rentsareveryhighindowntownareas,youknow.Thisisanicerent.Howlongwillyoulivehere?

W:I'dliketoliveherefbraboutthreeyears.

M:Wonderful!ThenIcangiveyouadiscountof10%.

W:Really?Youarcsonice.

M:Whenareyoumovingin?

W:NextSaturdayattheearliest.

Questions:

1.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?

2.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheapartment?

3.Howlongdoesthewomanplantoliveintheapartment?

4.Howmuchwillthewomanpayfortheapartmentweekly?

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherent.Fortheblankswithagiven

word,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword.Fortheotherblanks,fillineachblankwithone

properword.Makesurethatyouranswersaregrammaticallycorrect.

OpenAIAnnouncesChatGPTSuccessorGPT-4

OpenAIhasreleasedGPT-4,thelatestversionofitshugelypopularartificialintelligencechatbotChatGPT.

Thenewmodelcanrespondtoimagesbyprovidingrecipesuggestionsfromphotosofingredientsaswellas

writingcaptionsanddescriptions.Itcanalsoprocessupto25,000v/ords,abouteighttimesasmanyasChatGPT.

MillionsofpeoplehaveusedChatGPTsinceit2J(launch)inNovember2022.Popularrequestsforit

includewritingsongs,poems,marketingcopy,computercode,andhelpingwithhomework,22teachers

saystudentsshouldn'tuseit.ChatGPTanswersquestions23(employ)naturalhuman-likelanguage,and

itcanalsoimitateotherwritingstylessuchassongwritersandauthors,usingtheInternetasitsknowledgedatabase.

Thereareconcernsthatitcouldonedaytakeovermanyjobscurrently24(do)byhumans.OpenAI

saidit25(spend)sixmonthsonsafetyfeaturesfbrGPT-4,andonhumanfeedback.However,itwarned

thatit26stillbesubjecttosharingdisinformation.

GPT-4willinitiallybeavailabletoChatGPTPlussubscribers,27pay$20permonthforeasyaccess

totheservice.It'salreadypoweringMicrosoft'sBingsearchengineplatform.Thetechgianthasinvested

$10b28OpenAI.

GPT-4has'、29(advanced)reasoningskills''thanChatGPT,OpenAIsaid.Themodelcan,for

example,findavailablemeetingtimesfbrthreeschedules.

OpenAIalsoannouncednewpartnershipswithlanguagelearningappDuolingoandBeMyEyes,anapplication

forthevisuallyimpaired,3()(create)AIChatbotswhichcanassisttheirusersusingnaturallanguage.

However,likeitspredecessors(被替代的事物)，OpenAIhaswarnedthatGPT-4isstillnotfullyreliableandit

mayinventfactsormakereasoningerrors.

【答案】21.waslaunched

22.although

23.employing

24.beingdonc##done

25.hadspent

26.may##might

27.who28.in##on

29.moreadvanced

30.tocreate

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道。OpcnAI開發(fā)除了GPT-4,這是其非常受歡迎的人工智能聊天機(jī)器人

ChalGPT的最新版本，文章介紹了其功能，以及人們對(duì)該產(chǎn)品的態(tài)度。

[21題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)。句意：自2022年11月ChalGPT推出以來，已有數(shù)百萬人使用它。設(shè)空處在since

引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中,其中的時(shí)間狀語為inNovember2022,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，launch與邏輯主語it之

間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，助動(dòng)詞為was。故填waslaunched。

【22題詳解】

考杳狀語從句的連詞。句意：最受歡迎的要求包括寫歌、寫詩、寫營銷文案、寫計(jì)算機(jī)代碼用輔導(dǎo)家庭作

業(yè)，盡管老師們說學(xué)生不應(yīng)該使用它。逗號(hào)前后轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞although,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故填

althougho

【23題詳解】

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：ChatGPT使用自然的類人語言回答問題，它還可以模仿其他寫作風(fēng)格，如詞曲作

者和作家，使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)作為其知識(shí)庫。句子謂語為answers,設(shè)空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，employ與邏輯主語

ChatGPT之間為主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作狀語。故填employing。

【24題詳解】

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：有人擔(dān)心，有一天它可能會(huì)取代目前由人類完成的許多工作。此處考查many

jobs的后置定語、do與邏輯主語manyjobs之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用過去分詞done,

根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語cuirenlly,也可用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示正在被進(jìn)行，故填done/beingdone。

[25題詳解】

考食動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：OpenAl表示，他們花了6個(gè)月的時(shí)間來研究GPT-4的安全功能，以及人類的反

饋。句子謂語動(dòng)詞為said,賓語從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在said前，從句應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。故填hadspent。

【26題詳解】

考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：然而，該公司警告稱，它仍可能受到分享虛假信息的影響。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

may或might,表示可能性。故填may/might。

【27題詳解】

考查定語從句。句意：T-4最初將提供給ChalGPTPlus用戶，他們每月支付20美元即可輕松使用該服務(wù)。

此處考查非限制性定語從句，先行詞為ChatGPTPlussubscribers,為人，在非限制性定語從句中作主語，

故填whOo

【28題詳解】

考查介詞。句意：這家科技巨頭已向OpenAI投資100億美元。此處考查動(dòng)詞短語invesl...on/in...,意為

“（把資金）投入……”，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用介詞in或on,后接賓語OpenAI。故填in/on。

【29題詳解】

考查形容詞比較等級(jí)。句意：OpenAI表示，GPT-4擁有比ChatGPT”更高級(jí)推理技能”。杈據(jù)語境，設(shè)

空處在名詞短語reasoningskills之前，句中有than,設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞比較級(jí)，作前置定語。需填more

advanced<.

【30題詳解】

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：OpenAI還宣布與語言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用多鄰國（Duolingo）和面向視障人士的應(yīng)用BeMy

Eyes建立新的合作伙伴關(guān)系，以創(chuàng)建可以使用自然語言幫助用戶的人工智能聊天機(jī)器人。句子的謂語為

announced,設(shè)空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。故填tocreate。

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.breakthroughsB.coreC.driverD.empowerE.fullyF.increasingly

G.mountingH.potentialI.promotingJ.seeksK.serves

CompaniesHelpIntegrate（整合）DigitalRealEconomies

Chineseplatformcompaniesarsdoublingdownonthemostadvanceddigitaltechnologiestoseeknewdrivers

inrevenue（財(cái)政收入）growth,asthecountryputsgreateremphasison31thein-depthintegrationofthe

digitalandrealeconomies,expertsandcompanyexecutivessaid.

Despitethedepressingglobaloutlookand32uncertainties,China'splatfbnneconomyisplaying

a（n）33vitalroleinboostingtechnologicalinnovationandhigh-qualitydevelopment.

DuringanearningsconferencewithinvestorsonThursday,ZhangYong,chairmanandCEOofAlibabaGroup,

saidthatcloudcomputingisoneofthecompany's34strategiesforthefuture,andAlibabaCloudisalso

thefoundationthroughwhichthecompany35（herealeconomyanddrivestheintegrationofthedigital

andrealeconomies.

Notingthatthisisacriticalperiodfortechnological36anddevelopmentincloudcomputingandAL

Zhangsaidhebelievedinthevast37ofindustrialdigitalizationandtheroleofcloudcomputingasthe

focusofthedigitaleconomy.

Revenueinthecloudbusiness,Alibaba'smaingrowth38besidese-commerce,reached20.18

billionyuanduringtheOctober-Decemberperiod,anincreaseof3%year-on-year,mainlydrivenbypubliccloud

growth.

Thecompanyismakingeffortstomakeuseofdigitaltechnologiestohelpsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises

andspeedupindustrialtransformationinaneffort(o39therealeconomy.

Thetone-settingCentralEconomicWorkConferenceinmid-Decembersaidthatplalfbnncompanieswillbe

supportedto"40displaytheircapabilities^inencouragingeconomicgrowth,jobcreationandinternational

competition.Theconferencealsoemphasizedtheneedtoenergeticallydevelopthedigitaleconomy.

【答案】31.132.G

33.F34.B

35.K36.A

37.H38.C

39.D40.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國的數(shù)字實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展情況。

[31題詳解】

考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：專家和公司高管表示，隨著中國更加重視促進(jìn)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)和實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)的深度融合，中國

平臺(tái)公司正在加倍投入最先進(jìn)的數(shù)字技術(shù)，以尋求收入增長的新動(dòng)力。設(shè)空處應(yīng)填promoting,意為“促

進(jìn)；提升”，為動(dòng)名詞，作介詞on的賓語。故選1項(xiàng)。

【32題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：盡管全球經(jīng)濟(jì)前景黯淡，不確定性增加，但中國的平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)在推動(dòng)科技創(chuàng)新和高質(zhì)量

發(fā)展方面發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞mounting,意為“增長的，上升的”，作前置定

語，修飾名詞uncertainties,故選G項(xiàng)。

【33題詳解】

考查副詞。句意：盡管全球經(jīng)濟(jì)前景黯淡，不確定性增加，但中國的平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)在推動(dòng)科技創(chuàng)新和高質(zhì)量發(fā)

展方面發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞increasingly,意為“越來越多地，不斷增加地”，修飾

形容詞vilal,作狀語。故選F項(xiàng)。

【34題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：在周四與投資者舉行的財(cái)報(bào)發(fā)布會(huì)上，阿里巴巴集團(tuán)董事長兼首席執(zhí)行官張勇表示，云

計(jì)算是公司未來的核心戰(zhàn)略之一，阿里云也是公司服務(wù)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)、推動(dòng)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)和實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)融合的基礎(chǔ).

設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞core,意為“核心”，修飾名詞strategies，作前置定語。故選B項(xiàng)。

[35題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在周四與投資者舉行的財(cái)報(bào)發(fā)布會(huì)匕阿里巴巴集團(tuán)董事長兼首席執(zhí)行官張勇表

示，云計(jì)算是公司未來的核心戰(zhàn)略之一，阿里云也是公司服務(wù)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)、推動(dòng)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)和實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)融合的

基礎(chǔ)。陳述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句中foundation為先行詞，后接throughwhich引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從

句，主語為thecompany,為第三人稱單數(shù)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用serves,意為“服務(wù)”，作謂語動(dòng)詞。故選K項(xiàng)。

【36題詳解】

考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：張勇指出，這是云計(jì)算和人工智能技術(shù)突破和發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，他相信工業(yè)數(shù)字化

的巨大潛力，以及云計(jì)算作為數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)焦點(diǎn)的作用。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)breakthroughs,意為“突破”，

與名詞development并列，作foi?的賓語。故選A項(xiàng)。

【37題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：張勇指出，這是云計(jì)算和人工智能技術(shù)突破和發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，他相信工業(yè)數(shù)字化的巨

大潛力，以及云計(jì)算作為數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)焦點(diǎn)的作用。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞potential,意為“潛力”，作believedin

的賓語。故選H項(xiàng)。

【38題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：云業(yè)務(wù)是阿里巴巴除電子商務(wù)之外的主要增長動(dòng)力，在10月至12月期間，其收入達(dá)到

了201.8億元，同比增長3%,主要是受公共云增長的推動(dòng)。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞driver,意為“推動(dòng)力”，作

主語。故選C項(xiàng)。

【39題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：該公司正在努力利用數(shù)字技術(shù)幫助中小企業(yè)，并加快工業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型，努力為實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)賦能。

設(shè)空處應(yīng)選動(dòng)詞empower,意為“給予（某人）權(quán)力，使自主”，后接賓語therealeconomy,故選D

項(xiàng)。

"0題詳解】

考查副詞。句意：12月中旬召開的中央經(jīng)濟(jì)工作會(huì)議表示，將支持平臺(tái)公司在鼓勵(lì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、創(chuàng)造就業(yè)和

國際競爭方面“充分發(fā)揮能力”。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞fully,意為“充分地，完全地”，修飾動(dòng)詞短語display

theircapabilitie,作狀語。故選E項(xiàng)。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

ItisNobelPrizeweek,theoneweekeveryyearwhenpeoplefromallcornersoftheglobecelebratescience,

readaboutribosomes(核糖體)，andgivetheirbestshotattryingtounderstandparticlephysics.Itisalsotheone

weekwhenscienceisguaranteedsomeprimeheadlinespaceonmainstreamnewsoutlets.AndyetthescienceNobels

(inmedicine,physics,andchemistry)presenta(n)41viewofscience.

Theproblemstartswiththe42ofprize-winnersselectedeveiyyear.TherulesgoverningtheNobelPrize

43ittojustthreewinnersineachcategory.ThismeansthatforeverydiscoverythatisawardedaNobel,the

majorityofcontributingscientistsendupbeing_44一?

Asamatteroffact,sciencehasneverbeena(n)45efibrt.IsaacNewtonstoodonthe“shouldersof

giants'';NeilArmstrong's"onesmallstep''wasadreamrealizedbyhundredsofthousandsofengineersandscientists.

Scienceis,andalwayshasbeen,andrepetitiveprocesswhereindividualsdrawondiscoveriesmadebyothersto

46advancetheboundariesofhumanknowledge.Yes,AlbertEinsteinfamouslywontheNobelPrizeallby

himselfforapaperhealoneauthored,buthecouldnothavemadehisdiscoverieswithout47workbyMax

Planck,JamesMaxwell,andseveralothers.

Tomakemattersworse,typicaloftheNobelPrizes,noneofthe48wasafirstauthoronanyofthe

publicationscitedbytheprizeannouncements.Thefirstauthorofascientificpaperistypicallythepersonwhodid

thehands-onlaboratorywork,usuallyagraduatestudentoryoungpost-doctoralresearcher.Itispieciselythese

49researcherswhoareingreaterneedoftheNobelPrizemoneythantheirgenerallytenured(終身的)

supervisors.

Morebasically,awardingtheprizestoonlythreescientistsspreadsavisionofscienceasanindividualenterprise.

Byensuringthatgraduatestudentsarenotgiven50recognition,(heprizesreinforce(力口強(qiáng)］themistaken

imageofascientistasanoldwhitemaninalabcoat.Thiscanonly51genderandracialinequalitiesin

science,especiallyfurtheralonginanacademiccareer.

Anyoneofthesereasonsissufficientto52theNobelPrizes.Hereisoneidea:AwardtheNobelPrizes

notto53butfordiscoveries;donatetheprizemoneytoaninternationalsciencefundtopromotefurther

explorationineachyear'sprize-winningfieldofresearch.

Ascience-orientedNobel,ratherthanascientist-orientedone,wouldeducatethepublicinthemostimportant

scientificdevelopmentsand,54.stimulatenewscientificprogressbyusingtheprizemoneytofundthe

nextgenerationofresearchers.Scienceworksbestwhenthe55ofonegenerationofscientistsarepaid

forwardtodrivethenexttoevengreaterheights.Thatistosay,scientistsofdifferentgenerationsworkwithjoint

effortstosupportfuturescientificadvancementsforthebettermentofsocietyasawhole.

41.A.strangeB.outdatedC.all-roundD.advanced

42.A.qualityB.diversityC.disciplineD.figure

43.A.restrictB.extendC.relateD.apply

44.A.employedB.ignoredC.respectedD.nominated

45.A.terrificB.constantC.intellectualD.individual

46.A.naturallyB.rapidlyC.graduallyD.personally

47.A.previousB.subsequentC.physicalD.commercial

48.A.employeesB.addresseesC.awardeesD.refugees

49.A.chief-positionB.early-careerC.senior-managementD.academic-world

50.A.dueB.immediateC.literaryD.governmental

51.A.turndownB.leveloffC.takeawayD.stepup

52.A.claimB.reformC.presentD.announce

53.A.organizersB.researchersC.sponsorsD.supervisors

54.A.infactB.incomparisonC.intheoryD.inturn

55.A.legendsB.spiritsC.achievementsD.mysteries

【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.B45.D46.C47.A48.C49.B50.A51.

D52.B53.B54.D55.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。又章分析了諾貝科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)存在的問題，并給出了解決辦法。作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)一代科學(xué)家的

成就被發(fā)揚(yáng)光大，推動(dòng)下一代科學(xué)家更上一層樓時(shí)，科學(xué)才能發(fā)揮最好的作用。

[41題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，諾貝爾科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)（醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)、物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)和化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)）卻呈現(xiàn)出一種過時(shí)的科學(xué)

觀。A.strange奇怪的；B.outdated陳舊的；過時(shí)的；C.all-round多才多藝的；D.advanced高級(jí)的。根據(jù)下

文“Theproblemstartswith（he2ofprize-winnersselectedeveryyear.M可知，此處說明是一個(gè)問題，

因此推斷諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)呈現(xiàn)出一種過時(shí)的科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)。故選Bo

【42題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)問題始于每年選出的獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)叩臄?shù)量。A.qualily質(zhì)量；B.diverity多樣

性；多樣化；C.discipline紀(jì)律；訓(xùn)練；D.figure數(shù)字。根據(jù)下文“justthreewinnersineachcategory”可

知，此處說的是獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)叩臄?shù)量。故選D。

【43題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：管理諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的法規(guī)限制在每個(gè)類別中只有三名獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。A.restric【限制：B.

extend延長；C.relate聯(lián)系；D.apply申請(qǐng)。根據(jù)下文“Thismeansthatforeverydiscoverythatisawardeda

Nobel,themajorityofcontributingscientistsendupbeing4可知，管理規(guī)定限制每個(gè)類別只有三名獲

獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。故選A。

【44題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著，對(duì)于每一個(gè)被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的發(fā)現(xiàn)，大多數(shù)有貢獻(xiàn)的科學(xué)家最終都

被忽視。A.employed雇傭:B.ignored忽視：C.respectedD.nominated樨名：仔命。根據(jù)前文“jusl

threewinnersineachcategoryn可知，每個(gè)類別僅有三名獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，因此大部分有貢獻(xiàn)的科學(xué)家被忽視。故選

Bo

【45題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，科學(xué)從來不是個(gè)人努力。A.terrific極好的；B.constant不斷的；

C.intellectual智力的；D.individual個(gè)人的。根據(jù)下文“IsaacNewtonstoodonthe"shouldersofgiants”;Neil

Armstrong's"onesmallstep“wasadrcamrealizedbyhundredsofthousandsofengineersandscientists.（艾薩

克?牛頓站在“巨人的肩膀上”；尼爾?阿姆斯特朗的“一小步”是成千上萬工程師和科學(xué)家實(shí)現(xiàn)的夢

想。）”可知，科學(xué)不是個(gè)人的努力。故選D。

【46題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：科學(xué)一直以來都是一個(gè)重復(fù):的過程，在這個(gè)過程中，個(gè)人利用他人的發(fā)現(xiàn)，逐

步推進(jìn)人類知識(shí)的邊界。A.naturally自然地；B.rapidly快速地;C.gradually逐漸地；D.personally親自

地。才艮據(jù)上文**Scienceis,andalwayshasbeen,andrepetitiveprocesswhereindividualsdrawondiscoveries

madebyothers"可知，科學(xué)是個(gè)人利用他人的發(fā)現(xiàn)逐漸提面的。故選C。

【47題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：是的，阿爾伯特?愛因斯坦憑借他獨(dú)自撰寫的一篇論文獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，但

如果沒有馬克斯?普朗克、詹姆斯?麥克斯韋和其他兒個(gè)人以前的工作，他就不可能有這些發(fā)現(xiàn)。A.

previous以前的;B.subsequent隨后的;C.physical身體的；D.commercial商業(yè)的。根據(jù)前文"Albert

EinsteinfamouslywontheNobelPrizeallbyhimselfforapaperhealoneauthored,buthecouldnothavemadehis

discoveries”可知，愛因斯坦利用了其他科學(xué)家以前的所做的工作。故選A。

【48題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的典型特點(diǎn)是，沒有一個(gè)獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呤谦@獎(jiǎng)公告中引用的任

何出版物的第一作者。A.employees雇員；B.addressees地址；C.awardees受獎(jiǎng)?wù)?；D.refugees難民。根據(jù)

下文“Thefirstauthorofascientificpaperistypicallythepersonwhodidthehands-onlaboratorywork,usuallya

graduatestudentoryoungpost-doctoralresearcher.（一篇科學(xué)論文的第一作者通常是親自做實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作的人，

通常是研究生或年輕的博士后研究員。）”可知，沒有一個(gè)獲