2021屆新高考英語(yǔ)考前提分必刷題（共20份） （含解析）

考前提分必刷題（一）

基礎(chǔ)回扣練過(guò)縣礎(chǔ)

（單獨(dú)成冊(cè)）第209頁(yè)

I.單詞拼寫

I.Mymotheralwaysreadstheemailsofmine,whichupselsme.

2.Whenunexpectedaccidentshappen,weneedfirstlycalmdown.

3.Somepeopledisagreewiththeproposal,sayingthatitdoesmoreharmthangoodwhile

othersareforit.

4.I'mgratefultoyoufbrthekindhelpyouofferedduringmystayinLondon.

5.I'msuitableforthejobbecauseIhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandcomputer.

6.Irecognize（承認(rèn)）thatit'smyfaultnottoturnupatyourparty.

7.I'dliketodoanythingwithinmypower（能力）lohelpyou.

8.Peoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutwhetherteenagers（青少年）shouldhavepart-timejobs.

9.Itisreauested（要求）thatallpassengersshouldnotsmokeinthebus.

10.I'msorryforwhatyou'vesuffered（遭受）.

n.單句語(yǔ)法填空

1.ItisimportantthattheapDlication（apDly）formsshouldbesentbackasearlyaspossible.

2.Aimed（aim）atimprovingthelevelofEnglish,EnglishComerisheldonceaweek.

3.EverytimeIattemptedtopersuade（persuade）her,Ifailedcompletely.

4.MountTaiisattractive（attract）totouristsforitsbeautifulsceneryandhistoricalsites.

5.Youcanenjoyallthewatersports,orsimply（simplc）lieonthebeach.

in.熟詞生義（根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫出加黑詞的詞性及詞義）

1.absent（熟義：a辦缺席的）

Helookedatmeinanabsentwaya力.茫然的，恍惚的

2.ache（熟義：v.&n,疼痛）

Hehasbeenworkingabroadformanyyearssohewasachingfbrhome.a渴望

3.admit（熟義：仇承認(rèn)）

The（heateronlyadmits1>000persons.a容納

4.against（熟義：prep.逆著,反對(duì)；倚，靠；碰）

Thepicturelooksniceagainstthewhitewall.〃窿〃.映襯

5.amount（熟義:〃.量）

Surprisingly,thecostamountedto$200.a共計(jì)，達(dá)到

N.重點(diǎn)句套

1.當(dāng)薪問(wèn)到他成功的秘訣時(shí)，他說(shuō)他的成功與快樂很大程度上歸功于他的家庭。（狀語(yǔ)從

句的省略）

Whenaskedaboutthesecretof_his_success,hesaidthatheowedmuchofhis

successandhappinesstohisfamily.

2.那是施第一次參加這樣一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議。（That/Thisis/wasthefirst/second/...timcthat...）

Thatwa§thefirsttimethathehadattendedsuchanimportantmeeting.

3.而吏她最功山原因「與贏是施的盛明,一?不如說(shuō)是她的努力工作。（more…than...）

Itwasmorehardworkthanclevernessthatledtohersuccess.

.劇讀能萬(wàn)縹」芬能力

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V.閱讀理解

A

（2020?安徽省重點(diǎn)學(xué)校聯(lián)考）GretchenAltmanissmiling,leaningbackcasually,withacupof

coffeeinherhand—HillsBros.Coffee,tobeprecise.ltlookslikeacasualshot,butifyougivea

like*leaveacomment,andtagafriend,youcangetthreedifferentcupsofcoffee,forfree.

Altmanispartofagrowingtrendofumicro-influencersn.Shehasasmallfollowing—round

6,000onInstagram.Hergoingrateis$300to$800topromotesomething.Shedoessomepostsin

exchangeforfreegoods,aslongasit'sstuffshebelievesin.

Asamicro-influencershehasamuchcloserrelationshipwithherfollowersthanabigsocial

mediastar.nI'mjustlivinganormallifeandpeoplerelatetothat,“shesays.'TheyjustfeellikeI'm

afriendoftheirs.”

Butitworriesconsumerrightsgroups.Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatyoungaudiences

arelargelyunabletounderstandwhensomethingissponsoredcontent.

Insomecases,it*sclear.WhenabigstartakestoadvertisingCoca-Colaonthesocialmedia,for

example,theassumptionisthatheorshe'sprobablygettingpaidtodoso.Andthepostsareclearly

labeledasads,withthecaption“advertisemenl"or''sponsoredcontent”.

Butwhatmayhappenwhenanordinarypersonwithjustacouplethousandfollowerstakesto

extolling（頌揚(yáng)）lhevirtuesofaproduct?Themotivationsarenotsoclear.Theproblemwiththese

socialmediapostsisthatyoudon'tknowwhetherit'sanadornot.

Altmanisdiligentaboutusingthosehashtags（話題）.Sheloveswhatshedoesandseesitas

business,butshedoesn'tnecessarilywanttobeasocialmediacelebrity.

“Withsocialmediabeingsointegratedintooureverydaylives,wehavethisunique

opportunitythatIdon'tthinkanyonehaseverhadbeforewherewecaneachbeourown

brand,“Altmansays.

［語(yǔ)篇類型］說(shuō)明文

［主題語(yǔ)境］人與社會(huì)——社會(huì)生活——社交媒體上的微影響者

［語(yǔ)篇解讀］文章介紹了當(dāng)前社交媒體上的微影響者的作用及其帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。

I.Whatdoesamicro-influencerdoaccordingtothepassage?

A.Giveenoughlikes.

B.Dopoststopromoteproducts.

C.Recommendsomecomments.

D.Designadvertisements.

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句"Hergoingrateis$300to$800topromote

something.Shedoessomepostsinexchangeforfreegoods,aslongasit'sstuffshebelievesin.“可

知，微影響者做的是發(fā)布一些帖子來(lái)推銷一些產(chǎn)品。故選B。

答案：B

2.Whatmakesconsumerrightsgroupsfeelworried?

A.Sponsoredadscontent.

B.Adswithcaptiononposts.

C.Theunclearmotivationsoftheposts.

D.Theincreasinglygrowingnumberofaudiences.

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四至第六段的表述可推知，微影響者發(fā)帖子用來(lái)打廣告，

但不加任何說(shuō)明，會(huì)導(dǎo)致年輕人不能有效辨別帖子的目的，所以這種意圖不明的帖子會(huì)對(duì)瀏

覽者造成困擾，這是消費(fèi)者權(quán)益群體所擔(dān)心的問(wèn)題。故選C。

答案：c

3.HowdoesGretchenAltmanfeelaboutbeingamicro-influencer?

A.Annoyed.B.Delighted.

C.Ambitious.D.Depressed.

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段4<Altmanisdiligentaboutusingthosehashtags.Sheloveswhat

shedoesandseesitasbusiness,butshedoesn'tnecessarilywanttobeasocialmediacelebrity.v可

知，GretchenAltman喜歡她做的事，而且非常勤奮。由此可推知，她對(duì)成為微影響者感到開

心。故選B。

答案：B

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?

A.InstagramAdvertising:DoYouKnowIt,WhenYouSeeIt?

B.TbBeaMicro-influencerortoBeaBigStar

C.WeCanEachBeOurOwnTopBrand

D.HillsBros.Coffee?YourCoffee

解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了微影響者利用Instagram等社交平臺(tái)，

發(fā)一些帖子，以推銷某些產(chǎn)品：但是這種做法到底是在做廣告還是出于其他目的，看帖子的

人并不知道，由此引發(fā)了消費(fèi)者權(quán)益群體的擔(dān)憂。由此可推知，A項(xiàng)最適合作本文的標(biāo)題。

答案：A

詞匯積累：Para.1：tobeprecise確切地說(shuō)Para.2：following〃.（統(tǒng)稱）擁護(hù)者，追隨者

Para.5：taketodoingsth.開始定期做captionn.說(shuō)明文字Para.7：diligent。好.勤奮的

B

（2020?山西六校聯(lián)考）MorethanhalfofworkingAfricanshavejobsinagriculture?but

inadequatetoolsandalackofinvestmenthaveleftthecontinent'smostlysmallfarmsstrugglingto

feedagrowingpopulation.Now,awaveoftechnologicalsolutionsisaimingtohelp.

EstherUsman,fromKadunaState,NorthwestNigeria,hasbeengrowingcornsinceshewas

17,whenshedroppedoutofschooltosupportherfamilyafterherfather'sdeath.Twodecadeson,

shewasstruggling.Sheoftenlayawakeatnightworryingabouthowtofeedandeducateher

children.Attimes,moneyransolowthatshewasforcedtosellhercropforabit.

“Ifmyfarmwasaffectedbypests,Icouldonlyaffordtobuyasmallamountofpesticide,

whichwasusuallynoteffective.Andcominstorageisoftenlosttomoisture（潮’（）andpests?which

isabigproblem,“saysUsman,now38.

In2017,UsmanjoinedBabbanGona?asocialenterprisethatactsasafarmers'partnerand

offersfarmerscredit,trainingandothersupport.ltwaslaunchedin2012with102fanners?andnow

workswith20,OOO.FieldofficersemployedbyBabbanGonaphotographitsfarmers'fields.Anapp

reviewsthephotos,evaluatingthegermination（發(fā)芽）rateandseeingifthesoilneedsnutrientsbased

onleafcolors.Thefieldofficersstepintowarnfarmersofanyproblemstheyfindandadviseon

possiblesolutions.Somefarmershaveincreasedtheiryields（產(chǎn)量）by50percent.

Oncethecornisharvested,BabbanGonastoresitinsealedcontainersandaimstosellitatthe

righttimetomaximizethefarmers'profits.ThepaymentsUsmanreceivesfromBabbanGonaallow

hertoinvestinacow,tobuynewclothesfbrherfamily,andtobuildahouse.

［語(yǔ)篇類型］說(shuō)明文

I主題語(yǔ)境］人與生活——社會(huì)進(jìn)步——科技改善非洲農(nóng)民的生活狀況

［語(yǔ)篇解讀］文章以EstherUsman為例介紹了非洲農(nóng)民在科技的幫助下生活狀況得以改

善的情況。

5.WhatcanUsmanbedescribedinherearlylife?

A.Activebutunskilled.

B.Responsibleandwise.

C.Hard-workingbutpenniless.

D.Painedandunambitious.

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的"EstherUsman,fromKadunaState,NorthwestNigeria,

hasbeengrowingcomsinceshewas17,whenshedroppedoutofschooltosupportherfamilyafter

herfather'sdeath.Twodecadeson,shewasstruggling.Sheoftenlayawakeatnightworryingabout

howtofeedandeducateherchildren.n可推斷，Usman在早年間雖然努力工作但過(guò)著貧窮的生

活。

答案：C

6.WhatwasthechallengefbrUsmanafterharvestingcorn?

A.Sellingit.

B.Reservingit.

C.Killingpestsonthefarm.

D.Feedingandeducatingherchildren.

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Andcorninstorageisoftenlosttomoistureandpests,

whichisabigproblemn可知，Usman說(shuō)儲(chǔ)藏中的玉米經(jīng)常會(huì)因?yàn)槌睔夂秃οx而壞掉，因此對(duì)

她來(lái)說(shuō)收完玉米后的儲(chǔ)存是個(gè)問(wèn)題，即儲(chǔ)存玉米是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。故答案為B。

答案：B

7.HowdothefieldofficersworkinBabbanGona?

A.Theyevaluatethephotosofcrops.

R.Theylendmoneytoneedyfarmers.

C.Theysendphotostakenbyfarmerstoanapp.

D.TheyserveasabridgebetweenfarmersandBabbanGona.

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中對(duì)fieldofficers的工作內(nèi)容的介紹“Fieldofficersemployed

byBabbanGonaphotographitsfarmers'fields...Thefieldofficersstepintowarnfarmersofany

problemstheyfindandadviseonpossiblesolutions.“可知，BabbanGona展用的田地工作人員對(duì)

農(nóng)民的田地進(jìn)行拍照，一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序?qū)徍诉@些照片并評(píng)估這些照片中的農(nóng)作物，而后田地工

作人員告訴農(nóng)民他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的任何問(wèn)題，并就可能的解決方案提出建議，由此可推知，田地工

作人員充當(dāng)了農(nóng)民和這個(gè)公司之間的橋梁。

答案：D

8.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.TechnologyhelpsAfricanfarmerslivebetter.

B.AcompanysupportsAfricanfarmers.

C.FarminginAfricaisfacedwithadifficultsituation.

D.Africanfarmersinventsmartfarming.

解析：主旨大意題。本文以EslherUsman為例介紹了科技幫助非洲農(nóng)民改善了生活狀況，

故答案為Ao

答案：A

熟詞生義：Para.2：low常用義：低的，矮的；低聲的；在底部的文章義：。力.（數(shù)量

等）減少的，不足的

Oursuppliesarerunninglow.

我們的供給品快用完了。

Para.5：seal常用義：〃.海豹文章義：。.密封（容器）

Theorgansarckeptinscaledplasticbags.

這些器官保存在密封塑料袋里。

I更上層樓］

破解長(zhǎng)難句之“三長(zhǎng)兩短一并列”

長(zhǎng)難句之所以難以理解，最主要的原因就是句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，含有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的修飾成分。

如果在理解句意時(shí)先去掉“三長(zhǎng)兩短一并列”，句子主干就會(huì)凸顯出來(lái)。三長(zhǎng)指的是介詞短

語(yǔ)、從句和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；兩短指的是形容詞和副詞；并列指的是句中的并列成分。如：

原長(zhǎng)難句：AfterchattingwithLauraonthismatterfortwohoursfrom2：00to4：00inthe

afternoon,IreturnedtomyofficewhereIworkedfortenyears.

標(biāo)示后一(Afterchatting)(withLaura)(onthismatter)(fortwohours)(from2：00to4：00)(inthe

afternoon)?Ireturned(tomyoffice)(whereIworkedfortenyears).

1例〔＞Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatyoungaudiencesarelargelyunableto

understandwhensomethingissponsoredcontent.(PassageAPara.4)

分析：句子主干是studieshavefoundthatyoungaudiencesareunabletounderstandwhen...,

其中when引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句作understand的賓語(yǔ)。句中的另外一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句是由that引導(dǎo)的，作

havefound的賓語(yǔ)。

譯文：最近的幾項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，年輕觀眾在很大程度上無(wú)法理解什么時(shí)候的帖子是被贊助

的內(nèi)容。

MorethanhalfofworkingAfricanshavejobsinagriculture?butinadequatetools

andalackofinvestmenthaveleftthecontinent'smostlysmallfarmsstrugglingtofeedagrowing

population.(PassageBPara.l)

分析：本句是由but連翥的并列句。working修飾Africans。后一分句的主語(yǔ)是inadequate

toolsandalackofinvestment,其中含有l(wèi)eft的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

譯文：超過(guò)一半的非洲勞動(dòng)者從事農(nóng)業(yè)工作，但工具不足和投資匱乏使得非洲大陸上小

規(guī)模為主的農(nóng)場(chǎng)難以養(yǎng)活日益增長(zhǎng)的人口。

考前提分必刷題（二）

基礎(chǔ)回扣練過(guò)叢始

（單獨(dú)成冊(cè)）第211頁(yè)

I.單詞拼寫

1.Ifwehaveapositiveattitudetowardslife,wecanovercomewhateverdifficultywemeet.

2.Shepreferstoshoponlineratherthangotostores.

3.Heisadeterminedman.Oncehemakesuphismind,henevergivesup.

4.Iwanttoexpressmythankstoyoufbryourkindhelp.

5.I,mwritingtoexpressmycongratulationstoyouforyourpassingtheexam.

6.Itwasyouwhopersuaded（說(shuō)月艮）metogiveupsmoking.

7.Asamonitor,Iorganized囹織）manyactivitiesandgainedmuchexperience.

8.Theactivityisscheduled（時(shí)間安排在）onMay15th.

9.Iamextremely（極度地）exciledtohearthenewsthatIhavebeenadmittedtoBeijing

University.

10.Maryisalwaysburied（埋頭于）inherstudy.

II.單句改錯(cuò)（請(qǐng)按點(diǎn)板求在原句上修改）

1.Onaverage>howmanytimedoyouspendonsportsactivitieseachweek?

答案：Onaverage,howtimedoyouspendonsportsactivitieseachweek?

2.Whendeeplyabsorbinginwork,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.

...absorbing.,...?....

答案：Whendeeplyinwork,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.

3.Iapproveyourtryingtocamsomemoney,butpleasedon'tneglectyourstudies.

A

答案：Iapproveyourtryingtoearnsomemoney,butpleasedon'tneglectyourstudies,

of

4.Thejobmarkethaschangedandourapproachtofindworkmustchangeaswell.

find

答案：Thejobmarkethaschangedandourapproachtoworkmustchangeaswell.

finding

5.Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshewasaccusedfbrcheatingcustomers.

答案：Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshewasaccused版cheatingcustomers.

ni.熟詞生義（根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫出加黑詞的詞性及詞義）

1.appeal（熟義：仇懇求,呼吁）

Theideaofcampinghasneverappealedtome.。.對(duì)...有吸引力，便感興趣

2.arm（熟義：〃.手臂）

Laydownyourownarms,orwe'llfire!〃.武器

3.available（熟義：時(shí).可得到的；可找到的）

Couldyouputforwardsomesuggestionstousonourpresentplanwhenyouareavailable?

。力.（人）有空的

4.back（熟義：〃.背）

Whatsatisfiedhimwasthatmanyofhisfriendsbackedhisplanm支挎

5.badly（熟義：a面.差）

Sinceourschoolisanewone,Englishteachersarebadlyneededinourschool.a面.迫切，很

1\.重點(diǎn)句式

1.就我個(gè)人而言，這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃很難實(shí)施。（be+a的.+不定式）

AsfarasIamconcerned?theplanisdifficulttocarryout.

2.經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的戰(zhàn)亂之后，利比亞人民迫不及待地想過(guò)上平靜的生活。（canhardly/notwait

todosth./forsth.）

ThepeopleofLibyacouldhardly/couldn'twaittoliveapeacefullifeafteralong

war.

3.這些電視節(jié)目并非全都受人們的歡迎。（部分否定）

AlltheseTVprogramsarenolDODularwithpeople.

一虱讀能力綠______________________分能力

（單獨(dú)成冊(cè)）第212頁(yè)

V.閱讀理解

Chinesescientistsappliedaspeciallydevelopednewtechnologytolaser-ranging（激光測(cè)

促巨）telescopes,whichenabledthemtoidentifyspacewastemoreeffectivelythanprevious

techniques,accordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofLaserApplications.Afterimproving

thepointingaccuracyofthetelescopethroughaneural（神經(jīng)的）network,spacedebris（碎片）witha

crosssectionalareaofonesquaremeter（10squarefeel）andadistanceof1,500kilometers（932

miles）canbeidentified*“TianmingMa?anauthorofthestudyfromtheChineseAcademyof

SurveyingandMapping,BeijingandLiaoningTechnicalUniversity,Fuxin,saidinastatement.

Debriscanincludenon-functionalspacecraft,abandonedlaunchvehiclestages,andother

mission-relatedspacewaste.ltisverydangerousforastronautsandspacecraftinorbitabovethe

Earthastheytravelveryfast—upto18,000milesperhour.Worryingly,thereareprobablymany

millionsoftinydebrispiecesinlow-Earthorbit,andtensofthousandslargerthanasoftball,NASA

said.Fortunately,therehavebeensurprisinglyfewcollisions.

Laser-rangingtechnologyhaspreviouslybeenusedtofindspacewaste.However,thesesystems

havetheirlimitationswhenitcomestoaccuratelyidentifyingsmall,fast-movingpieces.Infact>

previouslaser-rangingmethodshaveonlybeenaccuratetowithinabout0.6miles.

Inanattempttoovercometheinaccuraciesinlaser-rangingtechniques,theChineseteamused

so-calledneuralnetworkstoimprove（heeffectivenessoftheirtelescopesystem.Neuralnetworksare

computingsystemswhichareinspiredbybiologicalnetworksinthebrain.Theycanlearntobecome

betterattaskswithoutbeinggivenaspecificsetofrulestofbllow.Maandhisteamtestedthis

methodagainstmoretraditionaltechniquesattheBeijingFangshenlaserrangetelescope

station.Accordingtotheteam,thisisthefirsttime（hatneuralnetworkhasbeenusedtosignificantly

improvethepointingaccuracyofalaser-ranginglelescope.Theysaythatthelatestfindingscould

havesignificantmeaningforguidingspacecraftinorbit.

［語(yǔ)篇類型］說(shuō)明文

［主題語(yǔ)境］人與社會(huì)一科技與生活一用新技術(shù)識(shí)別太空垃圾

［語(yǔ)篇解讀］文章主要介紹了中國(guó)科學(xué)家在激光測(cè)距望遠(yuǎn)鏡上應(yīng)用了新技術(shù)，從而能更有

效地識(shí)別太空垃圾。

1.Whatarelaser-rangingtelescopesdesignedtodo?

A.Setupaneuralnetworkinspace.

B.Findouttheprecisepositionofspacewaste.

C.Helpthetelescopesworkmoreaccurately.

D.Confirmtheamountandsizeofspacewaste.

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"whichenabledthemtoidentifyspacewastemore

effectivelythanprevioustechniques”和第三段中的“Laser-rangingtechnologyhaspreviouslybeen

usedtofindspacewaste.w可知，激光測(cè)距望遠(yuǎn)鏡被用來(lái)識(shí)別和確定太空垃圾的位置，這種新技

術(shù)讓太空垃圾的識(shí)別和位置確定更為精確，故答案為Bo

答案：B

2.Whichcanberegardedasspacedebrisaccordingtothetext?

A.Uselessman-madeobjectsinspace.

B.Fast-travellingsoftballs.

C.Launchvehiclestagesinlow-Earthorbit.

D.Satellitesmovingtoofast.

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Debriscanincludenon-functionalspacecraft,

abandonedlaunchvehiclestages,andothermission-relatedspacewaste."可知，太空碎片包括不

運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的航天器、廢棄的運(yùn)載火箭段和其他與太空任務(wù)相關(guān)的太空垃圾。由此可知，太空中無(wú)

用的人造物體也是太空碎片。

答案：A

3.Whatcanbeusedtodescribethefunctionofneuralnetworks?

A.Rulefnllowers.

B.Biologicalcomputing.

C.Machinelearning.

D.Spacecraftguidance.

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Neuralnetworksarecomputingsystemswhichare

inspiredbybiologicalnetworksinthebrain.Theycanlearntobecomebetterattaskswithoutbeing

givenaspecificsetofrulestofollow.“可知，神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)是受大腦生物網(wǎng)絡(luò)啟發(fā)的數(shù)據(jù)處理系統(tǒng)，

它們可以在不被給予特定規(guī)則的情況下學(xué)會(huì)更好地完成任務(wù)，由此可推知，神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有“機(jī)

器學(xué)習(xí)”的功能。

答案：C

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.NewTechnologyUsedtoFindSpaceWaste

B.TheFirstTelescopetoHandleSpaceDebris

C.AnInventionforAstronautsandSpacecraft

D.TheSubstitutefbrLaser-rangingTelescopes

解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)上下文可知，文章主要介紹了中國(guó)科學(xué)家使用新技術(shù)使得激光

測(cè)距望遠(yuǎn)鏡能更有效地識(shí)別太空垃圾。故答案為Ao

答案：A

VI.閱讀七選五

（20204可北九校二次聯(lián)考）September23marksthestartofanewseason.￡InGreat

Britain,thethirdseasonoftheyearusuallyhasonlyonename:autumn.Butifyoutravelacrossthe

Atlantic,you'llfindthatpeopleusebothfallandautumninterchangeablywhenreferringtothistime

ofyear,makingittheonlyseasonintheEnglishlanguagewithtwowidelyacceptednames.2

AccordingtoD,fallisn'tamodernnamethatfollowedthemoretraditional

autumn.Thetwotermsareactuallyfirstrecordedwithinafewhundredyearsofeachother,withthe

termfallbeingusedevenabitearlier.

3ThewordisofGermanicoriginandmeant“picking”or“collecting"，anodtotheactof

gatheringandpreservingcropsinthefieldbeforewinter.Inthe1500s>Englishspeakersbegan

referringtotheseasonseparatingthehotandcoldmonthsaseitherthefalloftheleaforthespringof

theleaf,orfallandspringfbrshort.4Bytheendofthe1600s,autumn?fromtheFrenchword

“automne”andtheLatin''autumnus”,hadovertakenfallasthestandardBritishtermfbrthethird

season.

AroundthesametimeEnglandadoptedautumn,thefirst-everBritishAmericancolonists（殖民

者）werevoyagingtoNorthAmerica.5Whiletheformerfelloutoffashionoverseas?it

establisheditselfinthelocalvocabularybythetimeAmericawonitsindependence.Today,using

bothwordstodescribetheseasonbeforewinterisstillauniqueAmericanbehavior.

A.TheAmericanspreferusingfalltousingautumn.

B.Withthemtheybroughtthewordsfallandautumn.

C.Sowhatisitabouttheseasonthatmakesitsospecial?

D.Butforsomereason,onlyspringhadstayingpowerinBritain.

E.Itistimetogatherapples?riceandotherthingsforthefarmers.

F.However,whatexactlyyoushouldcallthatseasondependsonwhereyouare.

G.Beforeeitherwordappeared-theseasonbetweensummerandwinterwasknownasharvest.

［語(yǔ)篇類型］說(shuō)明文

［主題語(yǔ)境］人與社會(huì)——文化——秋天在英語(yǔ)中的叫法

［語(yǔ)篇解讀］文章介紹了秋天在英語(yǔ)中兩種不同的叫法及其歷史淵源。

1.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)支撐句?？涨疤岬搅薬newseason,空后講大不列顛和大西洋彼岸對(duì)

這一季節(jié)叫法的不同，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，選項(xiàng)中的thatseason和dependsonwhereyouare分別

與文中內(nèi)容對(duì)應(yīng)。

答案：F

2.解析：考查承上啟下句?？涨疤岬角锾煊袃煞N叫法，下文是對(duì)此的解釋，C項(xiàng)“那么

是什么讓這個(gè)季節(jié)變得如此特別”連接上下文，符合題意■

答案：C

3.解析：考查段落主旨句。上文提到了一個(gè)季節(jié)的兩種叫法，結(jié)合下文的theword可知，

空處所填句中應(yīng)用一個(gè)有關(guān)秋季另一種叫法的單詞，G項(xiàng)”在兩個(gè)詞出現(xiàn)之前，夏季和冬季之

間的季節(jié)被稱為harvest”符合題意。

答案：G

4.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)支撐句。上文講到在16世紀(jì)，以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人開始用樹葉的落下（簡(jiǎn)

稱fall）或生長(zhǎng)（簡(jiǎn)稱spring）來(lái)指代炎熱和寒冷的月份之間的那個(gè)季節(jié)，空后提到了17世紀(jì)末，

autumn取代fall成為指代第三個(gè)季節(jié)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英國(guó)用詞，由此推斷，空處應(yīng)說(shuō)明spring該詞的

情況，故選D。

答案：D

5.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)支撐句?？涨爸v大約在英格蘭采用autumn來(lái)指代秋天的同一時(shí)間，

第一批去美國(guó)的英國(guó)殖民者開始漂洋過(guò)海到了北美，空后提到前一個(gè)詞雖然在大洋彼岸不再

流行，但卻在美國(guó)獨(dú)立后站穩(wěn)了腳跟。B項(xiàng)中的them、ihey對(duì)應(yīng)了空為■的ihefirst-everBritish

Americancolonists,B項(xiàng)中的fall對(duì)應(yīng)了空后的theformer（>

答案：B

難句分析：Inthe1500s,Englishspeakersbeganreferringtotheseasonseparatingthehotand

coldmonthsaseitherthefalloftheleaforthespringoftheleaf?orfallandspringforshort.（Para.3）

分析：本句主干是“Englishspeakersbeganreferringtotheseasonaseitherthefalloftheleaf

orthespringoftheleaf?*0現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)separatingthehotandcoldmonths作后置定語(yǔ)修飾the

seasonoforshort意為"簡(jiǎn)稱"。

譯文：在16世紀(jì)，以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人開始用樹葉的落下（簡(jiǎn)稱fall）或生長(zhǎng)（簡(jiǎn)稱spring）來(lái)

指代炎熱和寒冷的月份之間的那個(gè)季節(jié)。

使上層樓］

破解長(zhǎng)難句之“插入、同位和分割”

插入語(yǔ)：從命題角度來(lái)看插入語(yǔ)的兩個(gè)逗號(hào)或兩個(gè)破折號(hào)就相當(dāng)于兩個(gè)括號(hào)，表示對(duì)插

入語(yǔ)前面的解釋和說(shuō)明。從長(zhǎng)難句的處理角度來(lái)看，插入語(yǔ)扮演的角色就是可以作為整體提

出來(lái)放到一邊最后處理，例如：

She,Ithink,hasnofeelingforyourtrouble.

我想，她對(duì)你的遭遇無(wú)動(dòng)于衷。

同位語(yǔ)：-?般情況下，跟在某些名詞后表示該名詞內(nèi)容或身份的詞或句都叫同位語(yǔ)。例

如：

Peoplehere,menandwomen,oldandvoting,supportedtheproject.

這兒的男女老少都支持這項(xiàng)工程。

分割：在句子本該連在一起的成分中間加入其他成分，常見的分割有：主謂分割、動(dòng)賓

分割、定語(yǔ)（從句）分割等。例如：

Thetheory,formedthousandsofyearsago,whichpeoplebelievedin,isnowprovedtobe

wrongbymanyscientists.

分析：formedthousandsofyearsago是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾thetheory；which

peoplebelievedin是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，也修飾thetheory。本句主干是“Thetheoryisnowproved

tobewrongbymanyscientists.”。

譯文：幾千年前人們深信不疑的理論現(xiàn)在被很多科學(xué)家證明是錯(cuò)誤的。

uAfterimprovingthepointingaccuracyoftelescopethroughaneuralnetwork,

spacedebriswithacrosssectionalareaofonesquaremeter（10squarefeet）andadistanceof1,500

kilometers（932miles）canbeidentified,“TianmingMa,anauthorofthestudyfromtheChinese

AcademyofSurveyingandMapping：BeijingandLiaoningTechnicalUniversity>Fuxin,saidina

statement.（閱讀理解Para.l）

分析：直接引語(yǔ)部分是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的簡(jiǎn)單句，主語(yǔ)是spacedebris,謂語(yǔ)是canbeidentified,

with介賓短語(yǔ)withacrosssectionalareaofonesquaremeter（10squarefeet）andadistanceof1,500

kilometers（932miles）作后置定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)，after介賓短語(yǔ)為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。anauthorofthestudy

fromtheChineseAcademyofSurveyingandMapping.ReijingandLiaoningTechnicalUniversity,

Fuxin是TianmingMa的同位語(yǔ)。

句意：位于北京的中國(guó)測(cè)繪科學(xué)研究院和位于阜新市的遼寧工程科技大學(xué)進(jìn)行了聯(lián)合研

究，該研究的作者之一馬天明在一份聲明中說(shuō)，“在通過(guò)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)提高望遠(yuǎn)鏡的指向精度之

后，我們可以探測(cè)到橫截面積1平方米（10平方英尺）和1,500千米（932英里）遠(yuǎn)的空間碎片?！?/p>

考前提分必刷題（三）

基礎(chǔ)回扣練過(guò)基瑪

（單獨(dú)成冊(cè)）第213頁(yè)

I.單詞拼寫

1.Winnerswhowinwillberewardedwithprizes.

2.Heisalwayswillingtohelpotherssoheislikedbyall.

3.WithouttheguidanceofmyEnglishteacher,myEnglishcouldn'thaveimprovedsomuch.

4.Qingdaoisabeautifulcityanditisworthyofavisit.

5.TocelebratetheSpringFestival,peopleoftendecoratetheirhouseswithflowersand

balloons.

6.I'mequaltothejob?becauseIhavethegoodqualitics（）youneed.

7.Themajorityofpeoplevoted投票）forBenbecausetheywantedhimtobetheirleader.

8.Lastweekourclassdebated［辯論）aboutwhetherweshouldbechargedforparkingcarson

campus.

9.Wecansetoutearlysothatwe'llhavemoretimetoreadandselcct（挑選）books.

10.Wehavefoundfurtherscientificevidence（證據(jù)）forthistheory.

Il.單句語(yǔ)法填空

1.Theargument（argue）wentonforhoursbecauseneithersidewouldgivein.

2.Thereareonlyafewminutesleft.You'dbettertellmethetruthbriefly（bricf）.

3.Thestudentsarcwaitingfortheresultofthefinalexamwithanxicty（anxious）.

4.Assuming（assume）thattheproposalisaccepted,whenarewegoingtogetthemoney?

5.Wemayhavevarious（vary）waystodealwithsuchasituation.

in.熟詞生義（根演朝出加黑詞的詞性及詞義）

1.bear（熟義:".忍受;容忍）

HeturnedupatthehospitalbearinggiftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbabyboy.o.顯

示；帶有

2.hlock（熟義：〃.街區(qū)）

HeavysnowisblockingallroadsintoScotland.”阻礙，堵塞

3.blow（熟義：a吹，舌ij）

Hiswife'sdeathwasagreatblowtohim.〃.打擊

4.book（熟義：兒書）

Iwouldliketobookthreeseatsfortonight'sconcert.".預(yù)定，訂貝勾

5.capital（熟義：兒首都）

Writeyournameinblockcapitals?please.〃.大寫字母

N.重點(diǎn)句式

1.我第一次見到她時(shí)認(rèn)為她善良誠(chéng)實(shí)。（thefirsttime）

IthoughtherkindandhonestihefirsllimeImelher.

2.亳無(wú)疑問(wèn)，沒有快樂，生活將是空虛和亳無(wú)意義的。（thereisnodoubt...）

Thereisnodoubtthatlifewillbeemptyandmeaninglesswithouthap