2021高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解定時(shí)訓(xùn)練題(23)及答案

2021高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精英定時(shí)訓(xùn)練題（23）及答案閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑?！緩V東省肇慶二高2021三模】AEveryfewyears,twogroupsdoastudyofhowmanyAmericanswashtheirhandsafterusingthetoilet.ThesegroupsaretheAmericanSocietyforMicrobiologyandtheAmericanCleaningInstitute,formerlytheSoapandDetergentAssociation.Therewasgoodnewsinthelateststudy.Researchersfoundthateighty-fivepercentofadultswashedtheirhandsinpublicrestroomslastmonth.Thatwasthemostyetsincethestudiesbeganinnineteenninety-six.ResearchersvisitedrestroomsatabaseballparkinAtlantaandasciencemuseumandaquariuminChicago.TheyalsovisitedtwotrainstationsinNewYorkCityandalargefarmersmarketinSanFrancisco.Inall,theyobservedaboutsixthousandadults.Theresearchersfoundthatseventy-sevenpercentofmenandninety-threepercentofwomenwashedtheirhands.Thatwasupfromsixty-sixpercentofmenandeighty-eightpercentofwomeninthelaststudythreeyearsago.ThelowestrateofhandwashingamongmenwasatTurnerField,homeoftheAtlantaBravesbaseballteam.Onlysixty-fivepercentofmenwashedtheirhands,comparedtoallbuttwopercentofwomen.ChicagoandSanFranciscohadthemosthandwashers--eighty-ninepercentofadults.Atlantafollowedateighty-twopercent.NewYorkhadthelowestrate,atseventy-ninepercentoftheadultsobservedatGrandCentralStationandPennStation.Thefindingsoftheobservationalstudyconflictedwiththefindingsofaseparatetelephonesurveyofaboutonethousandpeople.Ninety-sixpercentofthemsaidtheyalwayswashtheirhandsafterusingpublicrestrooms.Almostnineoutoftenalsosaidtheyalwayswashafterusingthebathroomathome.Handwashingcanhelppreventthespreadofmanydifferentinfections.Tocleanyourhandswell,wetthemfirstandrubinsoapforatleasttwentyseconds,includingbetweenthefingersandunderthenails.Thenrinseunderrunningwater.Inapublicrestroom,ifyoudryyourhandswithapapertowel,youshouldalsousethetoweltoshutoffthewaterandopenthedoor.26.Whatisthegoodnewsinthelateststudy?A.AlmostalloftheAmericanswashtheirhandsafterusingthetoilet.B.Therearemorepeoplewashingtheirhandsinthetoiletthanbefore.C.Morethanfour-fifthsofAmericanadultswashtheirhandsafterusingtherestrooms.D.TherearemorepeoplewashingtheirhandsinAmericathaninotherplaces.27.Iftherewere1000womeninvolvedinthelateststudyatTurnerField,howmanyofthemwouldwashtheirhands?A.20B.650C.350D.98028.Accordingtothelateststudy,_________hadthemosthandwashers.A.ChicagoB.AtlantaC.NewYorkD.Washington29.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Thefindingsoftheobservationalstudywereinconsistentwiththoseofthetelephonesurvey’s.B.Twogroups-TheAmericanSocietyandtheAmericanCleaningInstitute,dothesurvey.C.ThestudiesofhowmanyAmericanswashtheirhandsafterusingthetoiletbegantwodecadesago.D.About90%oftheAmericansintheobservationalstudywashedtheirhandsafterusingthetoilets.30.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whyweshouldwashhands.B.Howweshouldwashhands.C.Whenweshouldwashhands.D.Whereweshouldwashhands.【參考答案】26-30CDAAB閱讀理解Psychologyhasanewapplicationinthefieldofmedicine.Manydoctors,togetherwiththeirpatients,arelookingforalternativemethodsoftreatmentofphysicalproblems.Inlargehospitals,moderntherapy（療法）seemstofocusonthephysicaldisease.Patientsmayfeeltheyaretreatedlikebrokenmachines.Somedoctorshaverecognizedthisasaproblem.Theyarenowusingpsychologicaltherapy,inwhichthepatientisworkingwiththedoctorsagainstthediseasewiththehelpofmedicine.Thepatientdoesnotwaitforthemedicineandtreatmenttocurehimorher,butinsteadthepatientjoinsinthefight.

Thedoctorknowsthatadiseaseaffectsapatient'sbodyphysically.Thebodyofthepatientchangesbecauseofthedisease.Heisnotonlyphysicallyaffected,butalsohasanemotionalresponsetothedisease.Becausehismindisaffected,hisattitudeandbehaviorchange.Themedicaltreatmentmightcurethepatient'sphysicalproblems,butthepatient'smindmustfighttheemotionalones.Forexample,thestudiesofonedoctor,CarlSimonton,M.D.,haveshownthatatypicalcancerpatienthaspredictableattitudes.Shetypicallyfeelsdepressed,upset,andangry.Herconstantdepressionmakesheractsunfriendlytowardherfamily,friends,doctors,andnurses.Suchattitudesandbehaviorspreventrecovery.Therefore,adoctor'streatmentmusthelpthepatientchangethat.Simonton'smethodemphasizestreatmentofthe“whole”patient.

Theattitudeofacancerpatientreceivingradiationtherapy,anX-raytreatment,canbecomemorepositive.ThephysicianwhoisfollowingSimonton'spsychologicaltreatmentplansuggeststhatthepatientimaginethatheorshecanseethetumor（腫瘤）inthebody.Inthementalpicture,thepatient"sees"apowerfulbeamofradiationlikeamillionbulletsofenergy.Thepatientimaginesthebeamhittingthetumorcellsandcausingthemtoshrink.Foranothercancerpatient,Dr.Simontonaskshimtoimaginethemedicinegoingfromthestomachintothebloodstreamandtothecancercells.Thepatientimaginesthatthemedicineislikeanarmyfightingthediseasedcellsandseesthecancercellsgraduallydyingandhisbloodcarryawaythedeadcells.Boththemedicaltherapyandthepatient'spositiveattitudefightthedisease.

Doctorsarenotcertainwhythismentaltherapyworks.However,thisuseofpsychologydoeshelpsomepatientsbecausetheirattitudesaboutthemselveschange.Theybecomemoreconfidentbecausetheyusethepowerwithintheirownmindstohelpstopthedisease.

Anotherapplicationofusingthemindtohelpcurediseaseistheuseofsuggestiontherapy.Atfirst,thedoctorhelpsthepatienttoconcentratedeeply.Thepatientthinksonlyaboutonething.Hebecomessounawareofotherthingsaroundhimthatheisasleep,orratherinatrance（催眠狀態(tài)）.Thenthephysicianmakes“asuggestion”tothepatientaboutthemedicalproblem.Thepatient'smindrespondstothesuggestionevenafterthepatientisnolongerinthetrance.Inthisway,thepatientuseshismindtohelphisbodyrespondtotreatment.

Doctorshavelearnedthatthisuseofpsychologyishelpfulforbothadultsandchildren.Forexample,physicianshaveusedsuggestiontohelpadultsdealwiththestrongpainofsomedisease.Furthermore,sometimestheadultpatientworriesaboutherillnesssomuchthattheanxietykeepsherfromgettingwell.Therightsuggestionsmayhelpthepatienttostopbeinganxious.Suchtreatmentmayhelpthepatientwithachronic（慢性的）diseases.Asthma（哮喘）isanexampleofachronicdisorder.Asthmaisadiseasethatcausesthepatienttohavedifficultyinbreathing.Thepatientstartstocoughandsometimeshastofighttogettheairthatheorsheneeds.Psychologycanhelprelievethesymptomsofthisdisorder.Aftersuggestiontherapy,theasthmapatientbreathesmoreeasily.

Physicianshavelearnedthatthepsychologicalmethodisveryusefulintreatingchildren.Childrenrespondquicklytothetreatmentbecausetheyarefascinatedbyit.Forexample,Dr.BasilR.Collisonhasworkedwith121asthmaticchildreninSydney,

Manyprofessionalmedicalgroupshaveacceptedthemedicaluseofpsychologyandthatpsychologyhasimportantapplicationsinmedicine.15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Howtousethemindagainstdisease.

B.Howmoderntherapyfocusesonthedisease.

C.Responsesfromthemedicalworld.

D.Howsuggestiontherapybenefitsadultsandchildren.16.Howdoespsychologicaltherapywork?

A.Thepatientwaitsforthemedicineandtreatmenttocurehim.

B.Thedoctorusesmedicaltreatmenttocurethepatient'sproblems.

C.Thedoctor,themedicine,andthepatientworktogethertofightdisease.

D.Thepatientuseshismindtocurehimself.17.WhatcanwelearnfromthestudiesofCarlSimonton,M.D.?

A.Themedicaltreatmentcancurethepatient'smentaldisease.

B.Thetreatmentofapatientbytreatingthebodyandthemindisnecessary.

C.Thementaltreatmentismoreimportantthanmedicaltreatment.

D.Fewpatientshaveemotionalresponsetothedisease.18.Theuseofpsychologicaltherapyishelpfultosomepatientsinthat

.

A.themedicaleffectisbetterwithpsychologicaltherapythanwithoutit

B.thepatientscanseeapowerfulbeamofradiationhittingtheirtumorcells

C.thepatients'attitudestowardsthemselveshavechanged

D.thepatientsareeasytoacceptthemethodsthedoctorsusetotreatthem19.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatsuggestiontherapycannotbeusedto

.

A.helpadultsdealwiththestrongpainofsomediseases

B.helpthepatientswithchronicdiseases

C.helpchangesomebadhabits

D.helpcurepatientsofinsomnia（失眠癥）20.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingremainsunknownsofar?

A.Thevalueofmentaltherapy.

B.Theeffectivenessofsuggestiontherapy.

C.Theworkingprincipleofsuggestiontherapy.

D.Theimportanceofpsychologyinmedicaltreatment.參考答案15-20ACBCDC【廣東省肇慶二高2021三?！緽TheInternetisredrawingthemedialandscapeandwillbefordecadestocome,buttraditionalmediawillnotbeleftoutofthepicture,arguetwoUniversityofAlabama,Tuscaloosa,journalismprofessors.EdMullins,chairmanoftheJournalismDepartment,andJimStovall,thefounderofDatelineAlabama,thenewswebsiteoftheCollegeof“Nobodyknowswherethewebistakingus,butwhenitcomestojournalism,oldmediawillbedominant(mostnoticeable)playersinthenewmediagame.”Mullinsbelieves.“AreportgoesthatmostAmericansgotositesoperatedbyold-linemediawhenlookingfornewsontheweb.”Justasnationaloldmediadominatethewebatthatlevel,localoldmediarunmostlybynewspapersand,toalesserdegree,bytelevisionstationsdominatethosemarkets.Isthereapatternhere?Yes,saysMullinsandStovall.“Atleastinthefirstdecadeoftheweb,newspapercompaniesdominatewebjournalism,”Mullinsexplains.“Why?Theyspecializeinnews,andthatgivesthemanadvantage.Whatmostreadersgotowebsitesforisnewsande-mail,aformofperson-to-personnews,especiallyintheformofchatting.”Thereasonfornewspapersdominanceinwebjournalism,Stovallpointsout,isthattheyputthebiggestmoneyinnews.“TheBirminghamNews,forexample,withabout175positions,hasmorejournalistsonitspayrollthanallofthestate’sbroadcast,cable,andweb.”31．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Internetwon’tgetridofprintmedia B．InternetchallengestraditionalmediaC．LookingnationallocalnewsonthewebD．Journalismshouldbedominatedbyweb32．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureoftraditionalmedia?A．Doubtful B．Worried C．Concerned D．Optimistic33．Traditionalmediadominatewebjournalismbecause________.A．newsandadvertisingaretheironlybusinessB．theyhiremorejournaliststoworkforthemC．webcompaniesdarenotcompetewiththemD．theyenjoyspecialadvantagesinjournalism34．WhatroledoestheInternetplayinjournalismaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Itwillsomedaydominatethemediamarket.B．Itislikelytothreatenthefutureofprintmedia.C．Itwillbecomeahelpfulpartnerofprintmedia.D．Itwillrevolutionizetraditionaljournalism.35．Thefollowingprovethatoldmediastilldominatewebjournalismexcept_________.A．peopleprefertraditionalmediawhenlookingfornewsB．oldmediahavethemostimportantpositioninlocalmarketsC．newspapercompanieshavemorecontrolinwebjournalismD．fewpeoplegotowebsitestogetnationalandlocalnews【參考答案】31-35ADBCD閱讀理解Theriseofmultinationalcorporations(跨國(guó)公司),globalmarketing,newcommunicationstechnologies,andshrinkingculturaldifferenceshaveledtoanunparalleledincreaseinglobalpublicrelationsorPR.Surprisingly,sincemodernPRwaslargelyanAmericaninvention,theU.S.leadershipinpublicrelationsisbeingthreatenedbyPReffortsinothercountries.Tenyearsago,forexample,theworld’stopfivepublicrelationsagencieswereAmerican-owned.In1991,onlyonewas.TheBritishinparticulararebecomingmoresophisticatedandcreative.ArecentsurveyfoundthatmorethanhalfofallBritishcompaniesincludePRaspartoftheircorporate(公司的)planningactivities,comparedtoaboutone-thirdofU.S.companies.ItmaynotbelongbeforeLondonreplacesNewYorkasthecapitalofPR.WhyisAmericalaggingbehindintheglobalPRrace?First,Americansasawholetendtobefairlyprovincialandtakemoreofaninterestinlocalaffairs.Knowledgeofworldgeography,forexample,hasneverbeenstronginthiscountry.Secondly,AmericanslagbehindtheirEuropeanandAsiancounterparts(相對(duì)應(yīng)的人)inknowingasecondlanguage.Lessthan5percentofBurson-Marshall’sU.S.employeesknowtwolanguages.OgilvyandMatherhasaboutthesamepercentage.Conversely,someEuropeanfirmshavehalformoreoftheiremployeesfluentinasecondlanguage.Finally,peopleinvolvedinPRabroadtendtokeepaclosereyeoninternationalaffairs.InthefinancialPRarea,forinstance,mostAmericansreadtheWallStreetJournal.Overseas,theircounterpartsreadtheJournalaswellastheFinancialTimesofLondonandTheEconomist,publicationsnotoftenreadinthiscountry.PerhapsthePRindustrymighttakealessonfromTedTurnerofCNN(CableNewsNetwork).Turnerrecentlyannouncedthattheword“foreign”wouldnolongerbeusedonCNNnewsbroadcasts.AccordingtoTurner,globalcommunicationshavemadethenationsoftheworldsointerdependentthatthereisnolongeranysuchthingasfo