同濟(jì)大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)模擬試卷12

同濟(jì)大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)模擬試卷12

一、詞匯（本題共30題，每題7.0分，共30分。）

1、Bysuchdemarcation,strong,representativenationalsocietiescanthenbelefttodo

whattheydobest—youngscientistsMevelopmentatnationalmeetings,and

representtheirdisciplinesatthenationallevel

A、foster

B>founder

C、found

D、foul

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：foster養(yǎng)育，促進(jìn)；founder創(chuàng)立者；found

建立，創(chuàng)辦；foul堵塞，弄臟?？崭袼谔幍囊馑际牵捍龠M(jìn)年輕科學(xué)家的發(fā)展。根

據(jù)句子意思推出正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。例句如下：Fosterstudyandpracticeof

creativitythinkingabilityofstudentsinmathematicsteaching.（在數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)

生創(chuàng)造性思維能力的研究與實(shí)踐。）

2、Histalentformusicremainedlatentuntilhiswifeboughthimaguitar.

A^hidden

sophisticated

C>delicate

D^profound

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題中,latent的意思是“潛伏的,隱藏的A項(xiàng)hidden“隱藏的”符

合題意，如：Thatoldcottageishiddenamongtrees.（那座古老的農(nóng)舍隱藏在樹林

中。）其他三項(xiàng)sophisticated"復(fù)雜的”,delicate”精密的”，profound”深刻的”都不正

確。

3、Passengersarenottoleavetheireasesandpackageshere.

A、commanded

B>informed

C^notified

D、advised

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：句意：乘客們被告知不要把行李放在這里。notifysthtosb通知某人

某事。command命令，指揮。InformsbofYabout通知,告訴。Advisesbofsth通知

或告知某人某事。

4、Congressshahmakenolawrespectinganestablishmentofreligion,orprohibitingthe

freeexercise;orabridgingthefreedomofspeech,andtherightofthepeople

peaceablytoassemble.

A、therefore

B、therein

C、thereby

D、thereof

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

5、Itmustguidepublicopinion,afterpresentingbothsidesofeveryissueand

pointingouttoreaderswhatmeasuresseemtopromisethegreatergood;forthegreater

number.

A^inquisitively

B、inconceivably

C、appallingly

D、impartially

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：D選項(xiàng)“impartially公平地，無(wú)私地”符合題意。其他三項(xiàng)“A選項(xiàng)

inquisitively好問(wèn)地：B選項(xiàng)inconceivably不可思議地;C選項(xiàng)appallingly令人毛骨

悚然地”都不正確。本題的空格處是說(shuō)給雙方公平地提供。

6、Theargumentthatchildrenarenolongeraneconomicasset,butmoreofaliability,

drewmoreattentionofthepublic.

A、productivity

B、possibility

C、responsibility

D、necessity

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：liability責(zé)任，義務(wù)。responsibility責(zé)任,職責(zé)。productivity生產(chǎn)

力。possibility可能性。necessity必需品。

7、Spaceisfullofunseenhazardsamongwhicharecosmicrays.

A、dangers

ventures

C、galaxies

D、prospects

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：hazard危險(xiǎn)，公害。danger危險(xiǎn)。venture冒險(xiǎn)。galaxy銀河系。

prospecl展望，前景，前程。

8、Everymaninthiscountryhastherighttolivewherehewantsto,thecolorof

hisskin.

A、withtheexceptionof

inthelightof

C>byvirtueof

D、regardlessof

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A項(xiàng)”除……以外”；B項(xiàng)“根據(jù)，依據(jù)”；C項(xiàng)“依靠，憑借，由于"；

D項(xiàng)“不顧，不管”。

9、Asmyexamsarecomingnextweekj'lltakeadvantageoftheweekendtoon

somereading.

A、catchup

B、clearup

C>makeup

D、pickup

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查詞組辨析。B、D從意義上可排除；catchup表示“加緊彌

補(bǔ)”時(shí)，后與介詞on連用。如：IhavetocatchuponmyworksoIcan'tcomeout.我

要把工作補(bǔ)上，不能出去了。makeup作“彌補(bǔ)”講時(shí)，直接與表示赤字或不足等的

詞搭配。因此，答案為A。

10、GLIMMER:DAZZLE

A、hit:strike

B、recede:abandon

C、murmur:resound

D、muse:ponder

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

11、TheindividualTVviewerinvariablysensesthatheorshe

isanonymous,statisticallyinsignificantpartofahugeanddiverseaudience.

A、everythingexcept

anythingbut

C^nolessthan

D、nothingmorethan

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：句意是：個(gè)人電視觀眾總是感覺(jué)他或她僅僅是眾多形形色色的觀眾中

無(wú)名的，統(tǒng)計(jì)上無(wú)意義的一部分。everythingexcept“唯獨(dú)沒(méi)有”;anythingbut"根本

不"；nolesslhan"不少于，不亞于“；nolhingmore止an”無(wú)非是，僅僅根據(jù)題干

的意思，正確答案為D。

12、Hethejobbecauseitinvolvedtoomuchtraveling.

A、tookup

B>appliedfor

C^turneddown

D^switchedto

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：各項(xiàng)的意思是：tookup“開始從事"；appliedfdr“申請(qǐng)”；turned

down“拒絕"；switchedto“轉(zhuǎn)到根據(jù)句意判斷，答橐為B。

13、WehavemanyholidaysfromtheendofMarchtillthebeginningofApril.Theyare

thebestdaysfor.

A、blade

B>coincidence

C^balcony

D^entertainment

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：blade刀片；coincidence一致，同時(shí)發(fā)生的事：balcony陽(yáng)臺(tái)，包廂；

entertainment娛樂(lè)。

14、Afterspeakingforthreehours,thelecturerfoundhecouldscarcelytalk,ashehad

become.

A^dumb

B、inarticulate

C、hoarse

D^speechless

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：dumb啞的，無(wú)說(shuō)話能力的；inarticulate不善言辭的;hoarse嘶啞的;

speechless不能說(shuō)話的。演講者話講的太多了，以至于嗓子嘶啞說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。

15、Beingapopstarcanbequiteahardlife,withalotoftravellingheavy

schedules.

A、withregardto

asto

C、inrelationto

D、owingto

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A、B、C三項(xiàng)都含“關(guān)于”之意，和句意不符，D項(xiàng)owingio意為“由

于，因?yàn)?/p>

16、Thisbookisabouthowthesebasicbeliefsandvaluesaffectimportantof

Americanlife.

A、facets

formats

C>formulas

D、fashions

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:facet方面，小平面。format構(gòu)成,設(shè)計(jì)。formula方案,規(guī)則。

fashion風(fēng)氣，風(fēng)尚。

17、Somanychildrenhaveboughttheballoonsthatthestoreisnowoutof.

A、stuff

B、material

C、stock

D^staff

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題是說(shuō)這么多的孩子購(gòu)買氣球，以至于商店沒(méi)有庫(kù)存了。C項(xiàng)

“stockn.庫(kù)存，現(xiàn)貨，備料（如havesth.instock'有存貨'；sth.isoutofstock；

Thestoreisoutofstockofsth.，沒(méi)有存貨'）”與題意相符。其他三項(xiàng)中，stuffn.“原

料，材料，東西malerialn.“原料，材料；資料,素材“；staffn.“全體職工,

全體人員；參謀部”，都與題意不符。

18、Heisveryandwell-qualified,soheshouldreachthetopofthisprofession.

A、ambitious

B、urgent

C、proud

D、jealous

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A項(xiàng)的ambitious意為“雄心勃勃的“；B項(xiàng)的urgent意為“急迫的"；C

項(xiàng)的proud表示“驕傲，的”；D項(xiàng)的jealous表示“嫉妒的”。

19、Headdedatohisletterbysayingthathewouldarrivebefore8pm.

A^presidency

prestige

C>postscript

D、preliminary

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：C選項(xiàng)：“postscript附言、后記”符合句意，A選項(xiàng)：presidency任

期；B選項(xiàng)：prestige聲望，威望；D選項(xiàng)：preliminary預(yù)備的、初步的，都不正

確。本句空格處意為“他在信中又加了附言”。

20、AfteraconcerttourinAsia,CanadaandtheU.S.,hewillworkonafive-

languageopera.

A、confine

indulge

CNresume

D、undergo

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：resume繼續(xù)，重新開始；confine限制；indulge縱容；undergo經(jīng)歷,

遭受。

21、Althoughmoneyisalwaysuseful,itisn'tall.

A、whatthereistolife

B、towhichthereisinlife

C、thereistolife

D、thatisinlife

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:定語(yǔ)從句,all(that)thereistohfe,that可省略。

22、Thenumberofticketsavailablewillbebythesizeofthestadium.

A^determined

BNrelated

C、consequent

D、dependent

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A項(xiàng)determined的意思是“使決定，使下決心”,

B項(xiàng)related的意思是“有關(guān)的，相關(guān)的"，C項(xiàng)consequent的意思是“因...的結(jié)果

而起的，隨之發(fā)生的(+en/upon/to)\D項(xiàng)dependent的意思是“取決于...的

(on/upon)”。

23、Inspiteofthewiderangeofreadingmaterialspeciallydesignedorfor

languagelearningpurposes,thereisyetnoeffectiveandsystematicprogramforthe

readingskills.

A、appointed

B、assembled

CNacknowledged

D、adapted

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：

知識(shí)之解析D：本題是說(shuō)盡管專門為語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)目的而設(shè)計(jì)或編寫了廣泛的閱讀材料,

然而至今仍沒(méi)有設(shè)計(jì)出行之有效的、系統(tǒng)的提高閱讀技巧的計(jì)劃。Adaplfoi?的意

思是“使適合于；為……改編［改寫『appointed的意思是“約定，指定(時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)),

任命，委任“，assembled的意思是"集合"，acknowledged的意思是“承認(rèn)，答謝，

報(bào)償根據(jù)題意，只有D項(xiàng)為正確答案。

24>Thesoundoftheroaringofatigerisheardbyjungledwellersfeelings

unease,fbrayeardoesnotelapsevictimsfallingtothetiger'sferocity.

A、always...with

B、ever...without

C^ever...with

D、never...without

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

25、(Despite)thePresidentwroteaconciliatoryletter(deploring)theincident,thepress

was(adamant)incontinuing(its)condemnation.

A、Despite

B、deploring

C、adamant

D、its

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

26、Howcanpersonalincometaxbeleviedtoasmanyaspossiblewhileatthe

sametimeensuringStatefinancesdonotsuffertoomuch?

A^interest

B、benefit

C^profit

D^concern

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是interest“使感興趣”；benefit“使受益”；

profit"獲利“；concern”影響，涉及”。句意是：征收個(gè)人所得稅，怎樣能夠在惠及

更多人的同時(shí)，還能保證國(guó)家財(cái)政不受太大的影響呢?所以正確答案是B選項(xiàng)，如

Theplantsbenefitedfromtherain(植物得益于這場(chǎng)雨)。

27、Wecannotbewithhimduetohismisbehavioratthemeetingyesterday.

A、pecked

B、reconciled

C>perturbed

D、presumed

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是pecked"啄食,扔”；reconcile”使服從”,詞組

reconcilewith表示“與...和解"；perlurbed“感到不安"；presumed“假定句意

是，由于昨天會(huì)議上他不禮貌，所以我們不能與他和解。根據(jù)句意可推出正確答案

是B選項(xiàng)。

28、Whileattemptingtolookintothecase,

A、hefounditwasdifficult

B、thecasewasdifficult

C、ithappenedthatthecaseisdifficult

D、difficultasthecase

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：句子大意為：當(dāng)準(zhǔn)備著手調(diào)查該案件的時(shí)候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)案件很棘

手。本題考查語(yǔ)態(tài)一致和語(yǔ)義連貫。題干中的分句省略了動(dòng)作的施動(dòng)者，所以，

主句中應(yīng)該有表示施動(dòng)者的人稱代詞做主語(yǔ)。所以，正確答案是A。

29、Oneofthemainreasonsisthattheuniversity'sattractsstudentsandfaculty

staffallovertheworld.

A、fraud

B、respondent

C^misconduct

D、prestige

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格所在部分的意思為：那所大學(xué)的—吸引了世界各地的學(xué)生和教

師。將各選項(xiàng)代入，只有prestige”威望，聲望；聲譽(yù)”符合題意，因此本題選D。

30、Tonyhasnottheleastofgivinguphisresearchwork.

A、intention

B、interest

C、wish

D、desire

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題答案是A。A項(xiàng)的意思是：iniemion意圖，目的。其他各項(xiàng)的意

思是：interest興趣，關(guān)心，重要性：wish愿望，心愿，請(qǐng)求；desire愿望，心愿，

要求。

二、閱讀理解（本題共"4題，每題1.0分，共“4

分。）

Thevegetativeformsofmostbacteriaarekilledbydryinginair,althoughthedifferent

speciesexhibitpronounceddifferencesintheirresistance.Thetuberclebacillusisoneof

themoreresistant,andvibriocholeraisoneofthemoresensitivetodrying.Ingeneral,

theencapsulatedorganismsaremoreresistantthanthenon-encapsulatcdforms.Spores

arcquiteresistanttodrying;thesporesoftheanthraxbacillus,forexample,will

germinateafterremaininginadryconditionfortenyearsormore.Theresistanceofthe

pathogenicformscausingdiseaseoftheupperrespiratorytractisofparticularinterestin

connectionwithairborneinfection,forthelengthoftimethatadropletremainsinfective

isaresult,primarily,oftheresistanceoftheparticularmicroorganismtodrying.

31、Tuberculosisishighlyinfectiousbecause.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

32、Thepassageusestheterm"vegetativeforms"toreferto.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

33、Accordingtothepassage,theriskofinfectionfromairbornemicroorganismswould

likelybegreaterduringa.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

34、Itmaybeinferredfromthepassagethat.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

Thirty-twopeoplewatchedKittyGenovesebeingkilledrightbeneaththeirwindows.She

wastheirneighbor.Yetnoneofthe32helpedher.Notoneevencalledthepolice.Was

thisingunmancruelty?Wasitlackoffeelingaboutone'sfellowman?"Notso,"say

scientistsJohnBarleyandBibFatane.Thesemenwentbeyondtheheadlinestoprobethe

reasonswhypeopledidn'tact.Theyfoundthatapersonhastogothroughtwosteps

beforehecanhelp.Firsthehastonoticethatisanemergency.Supposeyouseeamiddle-

agedmanfalltotheside-walk,ishehavingaheartattack?Isheinacomafromdiabetes?

Orisheabouttosleepoffadrunk?Isthesmokecomingintotheroomfromaleakinthe

airconditioning?Isit"steampipes",Orisitreallysmokefromafire?It'snotalwayseasy

totellifyouarefacedwitharealemergency.Second,andmoreimportant,theperson

facedwithanemergencymustfeelpersonallyresponsible.Hemustfeelthathemust

help,orthepersonwon'tgetthehelpheneeds.Theresearchersfoundthatalotdepends

onhowmanypeoplearearound.Theyhadcollegestudentsintobe"tested."Somecame

alone.Somecamewithoneortwoothers.Andsomecameinlargegroups.The

receptioniststartedthemoffonthe"tests.'1Thenshewentintothenextroom.Acurtain

dividedthe"testingroom'andtheroomintowhichshewent.Soonthestudentshearda

scream,thenoiseoffileuabinelsfallingandcryIbrhelp.Allofthishadbeenpre-

recordedonatapc-rccordcr.Eightoutoftenofthestudentstakingthetestaloneactedto

help.Ofthestudentsinpairs,onlytwooutofthetenhelped.Ofthestudentsingroup,

nonehelped.Inotherwords,inagroup,Americansoftenfailtoact.Theyfeelthatothers

willact.They,themselves,needn't.Theydonotfeelanydirectresponsibility.Arepeople

botheredbysituationwherepeopleareintrouble?Yes,scientistsfoundthatthepeople

wereemotional,theysweated,theyhadtremblinghands.Theyfeltthatotherperson's

trouble.Buttheydidnotact.Theywereinagroup.Theiractionswereshapedbythe

actionsofthosetheywerewith.

35、Thepurposeofthepassageis.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：主旨題。從第三段和第五段最后一句話可知，本文主要講述了人們?cè)?/p>

何時(shí)才會(huì)去提供幫助。一是在他認(rèn)為確實(shí)有緊急情況出現(xiàn)；二是只有自己一個(gè)人才

可以提供幫助才會(huì)幫助別人，因而選B。

36、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章中并未提到，人們?cè)诮o他人提供幫助時(shí)，需要對(duì)他人的安全負(fù)全

部責(zé)任。

37、Theresearchershaveconductedanexperimenttoprovethatpeoplewillactin

emergencieswhen.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。從第七、八段可知，當(dāng)只有一個(gè)人出現(xiàn)在緊急狀況周圍時(shí)，

他幫助的可能性最大，這種可能性是80%。

38Themainreasonwhypeoplefailtoactwhentheystaytogetheristhat.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。從第八段"Americansoftenfailtoact...Theydonotfeelany

directresponsibility”可推知D為正確答案。

39、Theauthorsuggeststhat.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：歸納題。從最后一段可知，作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)人們面臨緊急狀況而沒(méi)有援之

以手時(shí)，并不是他們無(wú)心提供幫助，而是他們的行為被周圍的人極大地影響著，因

而應(yīng)選A。

TheGreek'sloftyattitudetowardscientificresearchandthescientists'contemptofmility

wasalongtimedying.ForamillenniumafterArchimedes,thisseparationofmechanics

fromgeometryinhibitedfundamentaltechnologicalprogressandinsomeareasrepressed

italtogether.Buttherewasastillgreaterobstacletochangeuntiltheveryendofthe

middleages:theorganizationofsociety.Thesocialsystemoffixedclassrelationships

thatprevailedthroughtheMiddleAges(andinsomeareasmuchlonger)itselfhampered

improvement.Underthissystem,thelaboringmasses,inexchangeforthebare

necessitiesoflife,didalltheproductivework,whiletheprivilegedfew-priests,nobles,

andkings-concernedthemselvesonlywithownershipandmaintenanceoftheirown

position.Intheinterestoftheirprivilegestheydidachieveconsiderableprogressin

defense,inwarmaking,ingovernment,intrade,intheartsofleisure,andinthe

extractionoflaborfromtheirdependents,buttheyhadnofamiliaritywiththeprocessof

production.Ontheotherhand,thelaborers,whowerefamiliarwithmanufacturing

techniques,hadnoincentivetoimproveorincreaseproductiontotheadvantageoftheir

masters.Thus,withoneclasspossessingtherequisiteknowledgeaidexperience,but

lackingincentiveandleisure,andtheotherclasslackingtheknowledgeandexperience,

therewasnomeansbywhichtechnicalprogresscouldbeachieved.Thewholeancient

worldwasbuiltuponthisrelationship-arelationshipassterileasitwasinhuman.The

availabilityofslavesnullifiedtheneedformoreefficientmachinery.Inmanyofthe

commonplacefieldsofhumanendeavor,actualstagnationprevailedforthousandsof

years.NotalltheglorythatwasGreeceandthegrandeurthatwasRomecoulddevelop

thewindmillorcontrivesosimpleaninstrumentasthewheelbarrow-productsofthe

tenthandthirteenthcenturiesrespectively.Forabouttwenty-fivecenturies,two-thirdsof

thepowerofthehorsewaslostbecausehewasn'tshod,andmuchofthestrengthofthe

oxwaswastedbecausehisharnesswasn'tmodifiedtofithisshoulders.Formorethan

fivethousandyears,sailorswereconfinedtoriversandcoastsbyaprimitivesteering

mechanismwhichrequiredremarkablylittlealteration(inthethirteenthcentury)to

becomearudder.Withanyingenuityatall,theancientploughcouldhavebeenputon

wheelsandtheploughshareshapedtobiteandturnthesodinsteadofmerelyscratchingit

buttheingenuitywasn'tforthcoming.AndthevillageroftheMiddleAges,likethemen

whofirsthadfire,hadasmokeholeinthecenterofthestrawandreedthatchedroofof

hisone-roomdwelling(whichhesharedwithhisanimals),whilethemedievalcharcoal

burner(likehisStoneAgeancestor)madehimselfahutofsmallbranches.

40、Lackoftechnologicalprogressintheancientandmedievalworldswasprimarily

duetotheabsenceof.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

41、DuringtheMiddleAges,productivityoflabor.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

42、WemayinferthatachangeinclassrelationshipsafterthecloseoftheMiddleAges

producedgreaterproductivitybecause.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

43、Insupportinghiscontentionsabouttheancientworld,theauthorreliesmainlyon

illustrationsdrawnfrom.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

When1wasakid,Ineverknewwhatmyparents-oranyoneelse's-didfbraliving.Asfar

asIcouldtell,allgrownupshadmysteriousjobsthatinvolveddrinkinglotsofcoffeeand

arguingaboutRichardNixon.Iftheyhadjob-relatedstress,theykeptitprivate.Now

Americanfamiliesareexpectedtobemoreintimate.Whilethishasresultedinalotmore

hugs,"Iloveyou,"andattendanceatkids'footballgames,unfortunatelyweparentsalso

insistonsharingthefrustrationsofourworklives.Whilewehavecomplainedaboutour

jobsorfallenasleepincar-poollines,ourchildrenhavebeennoticing.Theyarcworried

aboutus.Anewsurvey,"AsktheChildren,"conductedbytheFamilyandWorkInstitute

ofNewYorkCity,queriedmorethan1000kidsbetweentheagesof8and18aboutiheir

parents'worklives."Ifyouweregrantedonewishtochangethewayyourparents'work

affectedyourlife,"thesurveyaskedkids,"whatwouldthatwishbe?"Mostparents

assumedthatchildrenwouldwantmoretimewiththem,butonly10%did.Instead,the

mostcommonwish(among34%)wasthatparentswouldbelessstressedandtiredby

work.AllisonLevinisthemotherofthreeyoungchildrenandaprofessionalinthe

growingfieldof"work/lifequality."Levincounselsemployeeswhoareoverwhelmedby

theirworkandfamilyobligationstocarefullyreviewtheircommitments-notonlyatthe

officebutathomeandinthecommunitytooandstartparingthemdown."It'snotabout

gettingupearlierinthemorningsoyoucangetmoredone,"shesays."It'saboutsaying

noandmakingchoices."Wccanstartbyleavingwork,andthoughtsofwork,behindas

soonaswestartthetriphome.Dosomethingtogetyourselfinagoodmood,like

listeningtomusic,ratherthanreturningcallsonthecellphone.Whenyougethome,

changeoutofyourworkclothes,lettheansweringmachinetakeyourcalls,andstay

awayfrome-mail.Whenyourkidsaskaboutyourday,tellthemaboutsomethinggood

thathappened.(Inthesurvey,69%ofmomssaidtheylikedtheirwork,butonly42%of

kidsthoughttheirmothersreallydid.)Parentscanalsode-stressbycuttingbackontheir

children'sactivities.Ifkeepingupwithyourkids'scheduleiskillingyou,insistthatbe

choosebetweenkaratelessonsandthetheatertroupe.Parentsshouldalsosneakaway

fromworkandfamilyoccasionallytohavesomefun.Ikeepabasketballinthetrunkof

mycar.Imightneverbeabletofixeverythingatworkorathome,butatleastIcanwork

onmyjumpshot.

44、Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbethebesttitleofthispassage?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

45、Theauthormentionsherownchildhoodexperiencetoshowthat.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

46Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthatnowadaysthechildren.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

47、Thephrase"paringthemdown"inthethirdparagraphmostlikelymeans.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

48Whichofthefollowingisnotthewaytode-stresstheparents'heavyburden?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

Whatdoconsumersreallywant?That'saquestionmarketresearcherswouldloveto

answer.Butsincepeopledon'talwayssaywhattheythink,marketerswouldneeddirect

accesstoconsumers'thoughtstogetthetruth.Now,inaway,thatispossible.Atthe

"MindoftheMarket"laboratoryatHarvardBusinessSchool,researchersarelooking

insideshoppers'skullstodevelopmoreeffectiveadvertisementsandmarketingpitches.

Usingimagingtechniquesthatmeasurebloodflowtovariouspartsofthebrain,the

Harvardteamhopestopredicthowconsumerswillreacttoparticularproductsandto

discoverthemosteffectivewaystopresentinformation.StephenKosslyn,aprofessorof

psychologyatHarvard,andbusinessschoolprofessorGeraldZaltman,overseethelab.

"Thegoalisnottomanipulatepeople'spreferences,"saysKosslyn,"justtospeaktotheir

actualdesires."Thegroup'sfindings,thoughstillpreliminary,couldradicallychange

howfirmsdevelopandmarketnewproducts.TheHarvardgroupusepositionemission

tomography(PET)scanstomonitorthebrainactivity.ThesePETscans,alongwithother

non-invasiveimagingtechniques,enableresearcherstoseewhichpartsofthebrainare

activeduringspecifictasks(suchasrememberingaword).Correlationshavebeenfound

betweenbloodflowtospecificareasandfuturebehavior.Becauseofthis,Harvard

researchersbelievethescanscanalsopredictfuturepurchasingpatterns.Accordingtoan

unpublishedpaperthegroupproduced,"Itispossibletousethesetechniquestopredict

notonlywhetherpeoplewillrememberandhavespeciilcemotionalreactionstocertain

materials,butalsowhethertheywillbeinclinedtowantthosematerialsmonthslater."

TheIlarvardgroupisnowmovingintothenextstageofexperiments.Theywillexplore

howpeoplerememberadvertisementsaspartofanefforttopredicthowtheywillreactto

aproductafterhavingseenanad.Theresearchersbelievethatoncekeyareasofthebrain

areidentified,scansonabouttwodozenvolunteerswillbeenoughtodrawconclusions

aboutthereactionsofspecificsegmentsofthepopulation.Largecorporationsincluding

CocaCola,EastmanKodak,GeneralMotors,andHallmark-havealreadysignedupto

fundfurtherinvestigations.Fortheirfinancialsupport,thesefirmsgainaccesstothe

experimentsbutcannotcontrolthem.IfKosslynandZaltmanandtheirteamreallycan

readthemindofthemarket,thenconsumersmayfinditevenhardertogetthose

advertisingjingles-outoftheirheads.

49、Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

50、WhydotheHarvardresearchersusescientifictechnologyintheexperiments?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

51、WhichofthefollowingisnotInieaccordingtothepassage?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

52、Whatdoes"tospeakto'*inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphmean?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

53、Thelastsentenceofthispassageimpliesthat.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

FederalReserveBoardChairmanAlanGreenspanlaidforththeintellectualbasisforthe

likelycontinuedaggressiveeasinginmonetarypolicyintheweeksaheadinhissemi-

annualmonetarypolicyreporttoCongress.Thebroaderpointinhispreparedtestimony

isthattheimprovedinformationandproductioncontrolsevidentintheneweconomy

inducecompaniestorespondmorequicklyandintandemtochangesintheirbusiness.

Mistakesarestillmadeasisevidencedbytheunwantedbuildupofinventoriesattheend

oflastyear,butanymistakesaremoreaggressivelyaddressedthaninthepast,asis

evidencedbymanufacturers'recentslashingofproduction.Moreover,theincreasingly

dramaticshiftsineconomicactivityareparticularlyhardonconfidence.Consumersand

businessesliterallyfreezeupduetotheheighteneduncertainty,andrunfromany

perceivedrisksandcurtailtheirspendingandinvestment.Ifconfidencedeflatesby

enough,thenarecessionwillensue.Confidencehasalsobeenunderextraordinary

pressureinrecentmonthsduetosurgingenergypricesandweakerstockprices.Higher

energybillshaveactedmuchlikeataxincrease,savethechecksarelargelybeingwritten

toforeignenergyproducers.Thelowerstockpricesarehavingamagnifiedimpactdueto

thedramaticincreaseinstockwealthsincethemid-1990s.Theconductofmonetary

policymustadjusttoallofthis,andthusrespondmorequicklyandaggressivelythanin

thepastinanefforttoshoreupconfidence.Thisexplainsthedramaticandunprecedented

action(atleastbyaGreenspan-ledFederalReserve)tocutthefederalfundsratetargetby

100basispointsinJanuary:Thisalsosuggeststhatsubstantiallymoreeasingisonthe

wayintheweeksahead.Justwhenandbyhowmuchwilldependonwhetherconfidence

continuestofall.Thechairmanmadeapointtonotethatpolicymakershavesignificant

latitudetocasepolicyaggressivelysinceinflationremainslowandtame.Despitesurging

energyprices,inflationandinflationexpectationsremaincontained.TheFederal

Reserve'seconomicprojectionsforthisyearprovidedaspartofthetestimonysupport

thisnon-recessionaryview.RealGDPisexpectedtogrowbybetween2%and2.5%

betweenthefourthquarterof2000andthefourthquarterofthisyear.Sincethisisbelow

theeconomy'spotentialgrowth,thejoblessratewillrisetoapproximately4.5%byyear's

end.Inflationwillmoderatesomewhatinresponse.Recessionrisksarerisingandashigh

astheyhavebeensincethelastdownturnalmostadecadeago.Thekeybufferbetweena

softeconomyandarecessionaryoneisconfidence,andtoday'stestimonybytheFederal

Reservechairmanclearlyindicatesthatpolicymakerswillbeasaggressiveastheyneed

tobetoensurethatconfidenceerodesnofurther.Withjustabitoflucktheywill

succeed.

54、Thebesttitleforthispassagemaybe

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干問(wèn)：“這篇文章的最佳標(biāo)題為?”縱觀全文，作者主要講述的是聯(lián)

邦儲(chǔ)備銀行的新金融政策，因此選項(xiàng)C“新金融政策”為正確選項(xiàng)。而選項(xiàng)

At4Greenspan的證詞”，選項(xiàng)B“新經(jīng)濟(jì)”和選項(xiàng)D“自信心的締造因素”都不能成為文

章的整體中心，而只是局部中心。

55、WhichofthefollowingcanbestbeappliedtotheFedReserve'sconductof

monetarypolicy?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干問(wèn)：“下面哪項(xiàng)最能夠適用于描述聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行對(duì)金融政策的執(zhí)

行?”因?yàn)槲恼路磸?fù)說(shuō)明的一個(gè)概念是“aggressive”，也就是相當(dāng)積極的、具有進(jìn)取心

的以及相當(dāng)大膽的，因此選項(xiàng)A“大膽”為正確選項(xiàng)。而選項(xiàng)B“自信”，選項(xiàng)C'謹(jǐn)

慎”和選項(xiàng)D“適度”都不符合題干要求。

56、Accordingtothepassage,theneweconomyischaracterizedby

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干問(wèn)：“根據(jù)這篇文章，新經(jīng)濟(jì)主要的特征是……正確選項(xiàng)為

D“更好的信息和生產(chǎn)控制”，這在文章第2自然段有大量的闡述。而選項(xiàng)A“激進(jìn)的

股票投資”，選項(xiàng)B”主席對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的極快的反應(yīng)”和選項(xiàng)C“放寬金融政策的更

大幅度”都不是新經(jīng)濟(jì)的主要特征。

57>AllofthefollowingmaycontributetothedeflationofconfidenceEXCEPT

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干問(wèn)：“下面所有選項(xiàng)也許都導(dǎo)致了一種自信心的毀滅，除

了……”。正確選項(xiàng)為B“更少的生產(chǎn)控制”。而選項(xiàng)A“更低的股票價(jià)格”，選項(xiàng)

C”更高的能源價(jià)格”和選項(xiàng)D“看到更多的冒險(xiǎn)”都導(dǎo)致了人們自信心的下降。

Howmanythingscanyouseeinthenightsky?Alot!Onaclearnightyoumightsecthe

Moon,someplanets,andthousandsofsparklingstars.Youcanseeevenmorewitha

telescope.Youmightseestarswherebeforeyouonlysawdarkspace.Youmightseethat

manystarslooklargerthanothers.Youmightseethatsomestarsthatlookwhiteare

reallyredorblue.Withbiggerandbiggertelescopesyoucanseemoreandmoreobjects

inthesky.Andyoucanseethoseobjectsinmoreandmoredetails.Butscientistsbelieve

therearesomethingsintheskythatwewillneversee.Wewon'tseethemwiththe

biggesttelescopeintheworld,ontheclearestnightoftheyear.That'sbecausethey're

invisible.They'rethemysteriousdeadstarscalledblackholes.Youmightfindithardto

imaginethatstarsdie.Afterall,ourSunisastar.Yearafteryearweseeitupinthesky

burningbrightly,givingusheatandlight.TheSuncertainlydoesn'tseemtobegettingold

orweak.Butstarsdoburnoutanddieafterbillionsofyears.Asastar'sgasesburn,they

giveofflightandheat.Butwhenthegasrunsout,thestarstopsburningandbeginstodie.

Asthe