浙江省麗水市2023年初中學業(yè)水平模擬考試英語試卷（一）（解析版）

麗水市2023年初中學業(yè)水平模擬考試（一）英語試題注意事項：1．本試卷共四部分，共七大題，滿分120分，考試時間100分鐘。2．請務必在答題卡上答題，在試卷上答題無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，請將試卷和答題卡一并交回。卷I說明：本卷共有三大題，45小題，滿分70分。第一部分聽力部分一、聽力（共15小題；滿分25分）第一節(jié)：聽小對話，從A、B、C三個選項中選出正確的選項，回答問題。（共5小題，每小題1分，滿分5分）()1．Whoiswantedonthephone? A．Astudent. B．Theheadteacher. C．MrGreen.【答案】B【聽力】M：Hello!CouldIspeaktotheheadteacher,please?W：I’msorryheisn’thererightnow.CanItakeamessage?()2．HowoftendoesJohnseeamovie? A．Onceaweek. B．Twiceaweek. C．Everyday.【答案】B【聽力】W：John,howoftendoyouseeamovie?M：Twiceaweek.()3．WhathappenedtoLinda? A．Herfriendwasupset. B．Herpetdied. C．Shelostherway.【答案】B【聽力】M：Hi,Linda.Howarethings?W：Notsogood,mypetfishdiedthismorning.Itmademedown.()4．HowwillthegirlgettoJi’antomorrow? A．Bytrain. B．Bycar. C．Byair.【答案】C【聽力】M：ItonlytakesoneandhalfanhourtogettoJi’anifyoutakethehigh-speedtrain.W：Reallycool.ButIhaveorderedtheflightticketfortomorrow.Maybenexttime,Iwillhaveatry.()5．HowlonghasMr.Greenworkedinthisschool? A．In1959. B．Since1995. C．Before1959.【答案】B【聽力】W：Excuseme,Mr.Green.Howlonghaveyouworkedinthisschool?M：SinceIgraduatedfromtheteacher’scollege.W：Whendidyougraduate?M：In1995.第二節(jié)：聽長對話，從A、B、C三個選項中選出正確的選項，回答問題。（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）聽下面一段較長對話，回答6、7兩個問題。()6．Whatdoestheboyusuallydointheevening? A．WatchesTV. B．Doeshishomework. C．Drawpictures.()7．Whattimedoestheboyusuallygotobed? A．Atabout10：30. B．Atabout9：45. C．Atabout9：30.【答案】6．B

7．C【聽力】W：DoyouoftenwatchTVintheevening?M：No.Iusuallydomyhomework.W：Whattimedoyouusuallygotobed?M：Atabouthalfpastnine.W：Oh!Goingtobedearlyisgoodforyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答8~10三個問題。()8．WhatareAliceandJackdoing? A．Talkingonthephone. B．Workingintheoffice. C．Eatingdinner.()9．Howlongistherestaurantopenintheevening? A．Fortwohours. B．Forthreehours. C．Forfourhours.()10．WheredidAlicestayduringtheholiday? A．Inatown. B．Inahotel. C．Inthemountains.【答案】8．A

9．B

10．C【聽力】W：Hello.ThisisAlicehereintheoffice.Who’sthat?M：Hello,Alice.ThisisJackinRoom205.Doyouknowwhentherestaurantdownstairsopen?W：Itopensat7：00intheeveningandclosesat10：00.M：Thankyou.Bytheway,Alice,didyouenjoytheholiday?W：Yes,thanks.Wehadagreattime.M：Wheredidyoustay?Inahotel?W：No,wecampedinthemountainsnearasmalltown.M：Wastheweathergood?W：Thesunshonenearlyeverydayanddidn’tevenrain.第三節(jié)：聽下面一段獨白，從A、B、C三個選項中選出正確的選項，回答問題。（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）()11．HowmanypairsofsocksdoesNancyhave? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.()12．WhydoesNancylikehersocksverymuch? A．Becausetheyaredifferent. B．Becausetheyarebeautiful. C．Becausetheyareclean.()13．WhatcolourofsocksdoesshewearonThursdays? A．Orange. B．Blue. C．Yellow.()14．WhathappenedtoNancyonthisFriday? A．Nancywokeupat8o’clock. B．Nancythoughtshewouldbelateforschool. C．Nancyworeapairofcleansockstoschool.()15．Whydidherclassmateslaughather A．Becausesheworeadifferentpairofsocks. B．Becausesheworedirtysocks. C．Becauseshewaslateforschool.【答案】11．C

12．B

13．A

14．B

15．A【聽力】

MynameisNancy.Ihavefourpairsofsocks.Theyareallbeautiful,soIlikethemverymuch.EverydayIweardifferentsocks.OnMondays,Iweartheredsocks.OnTuesdays,Ichoosetheblueones.OnWednesdays,Iweartheyellowones.AndonThursdaysIweartheorangeones.WhenIgohome,Iusuallytakeoffmysocksandthrowtheminthebathroom.Inevercleanthem.So,onFridays,Imustchooseapairofsocksfromthedirtyones.ItwasFridayagain.WhenIwokeup,itwas7a.m.IthoughtIwouldbelateforschool.ButIdidn’thaveanycleansocks.SoIpickedupapairofsocksandputthemonquickly.Atschool,someclassmateslookedatmyfeetandlaughed.Suddenly,Isawmysocks.“Oh,no!”Isaid.Theyweredifferent.Onewasredandtheotherwasorange.ThenIknewwhytheylaughedatme.第二部分筆試部分二、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項.Bandpracticehadjustended.JimmyandBenstartedpackinguptheirinstruments.BeforeIcouldputmytrumpetintothecase,amusicstandfellandhitrighton___16___.“Ohno!”Iyelled.Jimmypickedupthetrumpetand___17___it.“Well,italreadyhasmanydents.Onemorewon’t___18___.”“Butit’smygrandpa’s.”Isaid.“He’scomingoverthisweekend.He___19___askedmetoplayforhim.I’msurehe’lldoitthistime.”“Maybehewon’tnoticethedent,”Bensaid.ButwhatifGrandpadidseeit?___20___wasIgoingtotellhimaboutit?Alotof“maybes”wereallIcould____21____onthebushome.MaybeIcouldpretendIdidn’tknowaboutit.Nah,Ididn’tlike___22___.MaybeIcouldgetmybabybrotherJacetotakeallofGrandpa’sattention.WhenSaturdayfinallyarrived,Istillhadn’tfoundoutwhattodo.Afterdinner,Grandpasaid,“Kevin,howaboutsome___23___?”“Um...”IlookedaroundforJace,butMomwasgivinghimabath,___24___Ihadtotakeoutthetrumpet.Iplayed“OdetoJoy,”“YankeeDoodle”...“Ithinkyou’re___25___thanIwasatyourage.”“Grandpasaid.”Anyothertime,Grandpa’spraisewouldhavemademefeelgreat.Butnotthistime.“I’msorryaboutthedent,”Iblurted.Itoldhimwhathadhappened___26___?Tomysurprise,hesmiledandsaid,“Instrumentsbecomepartofyouwhenyouplaythemalot.___27___canalwaysprotectthem.Theimportantthineisthatyoutoldme”“You’renot___28___?”Iasked.Grandpapointedtotheolddentsonthetrumpet.“Thisis___29___anaccidentalbump.Andgotthiswhenitfellontotheground.”“SoI’mnottheonlyclumsyoneinthefamily?”Isaid.Grandpalaughed.“Everydentcantella___30___.Ifyoustickwithit,somedayyou’llhaveatrumpetfullofyourownstories.”“Thankyou,Grandpa.”Iliftedthetrumpetandfilledtheroomwithhappysound.()16．A．it B．me C．him D．them()17．A．played B．repaired C．borrowed D．checked()18．A．help B．finish C．follow D．matter()19．A．never B．seldom C．a(chǎn)lways D．sometimes()20．A．How B．Why C．Who D．Where()21．A．dependon B．writedown C．dealwith D．thinkabout()22．A．lying B．learning C．talking D．questioning()23．A．news B．music C．movies D．speeches()24．A．so B．or C．if D．for()25．A．braver B．better C．crazier D．luckier()26．A．tiredly B．carelessly C．nervously D．disappointedly()27．A．Nobody B．Anybody C．Somebody D．Everybody()28．A．mad B．bored C．scared D．curious()29．A．a(chǎn)s B．from C．besides D．a(chǎn)gainst()30．A．joke B．tale C．difference D．problem【答案】16．A

17．D

18．D

19．C

20．A

21．D

22．A

23．B

24．A

25．B

26．C

27．A

28．A

29．B

30．B【解析】本文主要講述了一則小故事，主人公小號被朋友磕了一下，本來他想不告訴爺爺，但是后來勇于承認了錯誤，得到了爺爺?shù)目隙ā?6．句意：我還沒來得及把小號放進箱子里，一個樂譜架就掉下來了，正好砸在它上面。it它；me我；him他；them他們。根據(jù)文中“amusicstandfellandhitrighton”以及后文可知，樂譜架正好砸在了小號上面，故用it代替小號。故選A。17．句意：吉米撿起小號并檢查了一下它。played玩；repaired修理；borrowed借；checked核對，檢查。根據(jù)后文“Well,italreadyhasmanydents.”它已經(jīng)有很多凹痕，可知吉米是撿起來檢查了一下。故選D。18．句意：再來一次就不行了。help幫助；finish完成；follow跟隨；matter有關系。根據(jù)文中“Onemorewon’t”可知想表達一次沒關系，再來一次就不行了，故用matter。故選D。19．句意：他總是要求我為了他吹。never從不；seldom很少；always總是；sometimes有時候。根據(jù)后文“I’msurehe’lldoitthistime.”我確信這次他還會這樣做，可知以前爺爺總是會要求我吹，故用always。故選C。20．句意：但是如果爺爺看到了？我要如何告訴他這件事？How如何；Why為什么；Who誰；Where哪兒。根據(jù)文中前文，怕爺爺發(fā)現(xiàn)，所以不知如何告訴，故用How。故選A。21．句意：坐在公交車回家的路上，我把可能的都考慮了一遍。dependon依賴，依靠；writedown記下；dealwith處理，應對；thinkabout思考，考慮。推測文中意思，顯然是考慮各種可能。故選D。22．句意：我不喜歡撒謊。lying撒謊；learning學習；talking說話；questioning問題。因為作者想了很多可能性，可知作者是不想說謊。故選A。23．句意：晚飯過后，爺爺說：“凱文，來點音樂怎么樣？”news新聞；music音樂；movies；speeches演講。根據(jù)后文“Ihadtotakeoutthetrumpet.Iplayed“OdetoJoy,”“YankeeDoodle”...”可知，爺爺是想聽點音樂。故選B。24．句意：我四處找Jace，但是媽媽正在給他洗澡，所以我不得不拿出我的小號。so所以，那么；or或者；if如果；for為了。根據(jù)文中表達，我找Jace，他不在，我才不得不拿出來，因此用連詞so，符合題意。故選A。25．句意：我認為你比我在你那個年齡更好。braver更勇敢；better更好；crazier更瘋狂；luckier更幸運。根據(jù)后文“Anyothertime,Grandpa’spraisewouldhavemademefeelgreat.Butnotthistime.”可知，作者對于爺爺?shù)谋頁P不好意思，所以當時爺爺夸作者比他那時候更好，故用better。故選B。26．句意：我緊張地告訴他發(fā)生了什么事情了？tiredly勞累地；carelessly粗心地；nervously緊張地；disappointedly失望地。根據(jù)當時的情況，可推測得知當時特別緊張。故選C。27．句意：沒人能一直保護他們。Nobody沒人；Anybody任何人；Somebody某人；Everybody每個人。根據(jù)爺爺當時說的話，顯然可知是沒人能一直保護他們。故選A。28．句意：“你沒有生氣嗎？”我問道。mad生氣的；bored無聊的；scared恐懼的；curious好奇的。根據(jù)當時情況，作者特別怕爺爺生氣，所以當爺爺講完道理沒生氣的時候，特別驚訝。故問爺爺沒生氣嗎。故選A。29．句意：這是一個意外的碰撞。as當做；from來自……；besides此外；against反對。根據(jù)題的描述和推測，可知爺爺想表達這是來自一次意外的碰撞。故選B。30．句意：每一個凹痕都能告訴我們一個故事。joke故事；tale故事；difference不同；problem問題。根據(jù)后文“Ifyoustickwithit,somedayyou’llhaveatrumpetfullofyourownstories.”可知爺爺想表達，每個凹痕都告訴我們一個故事。故選B。三、閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A()31．Ifaschoolsubscribes10copiesamonthofStorytimeforayear,itwillpay________. A．￡38 B．￡38.99 C．￡340 D．￡2400()32．Whichwordcanbeputin________inthepassage? A．Ways. B．Times. C．Places. D．Reasons.()33．AfterachildsubscribesStorytime,hecan________. A．receiveeachmagazineinabox B．getteachingresourcespackages C．enjoyclassicstorieseverymonth D．haveabigdiscountwhilepaying【答案】31．C

32．D

33．C【解析】本文是關于Storytime的一則廣告。31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“12MonthSubscription：...10copiesamonth￡340”可知，如果一所學校在一年內(nèi)每月訂閱10份Storytime，它就會付費340英鎊，故選C。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“...ofSubscribingStorytime”下面的內(nèi)容可知，這里是介紹訂閱Storytime的原因，故選D。33．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“StorytimeisoneoftheUK’sleadingkidsmagazines—packedwithnewandclassicstories,awesomeanimals...”可知，孩子訂閱Storytime后，可以享受每個月的經(jīng)典故事，故選C。BFeelingsweatyfromasummerheatwave?Don’tworry—notallyoursweat*hastogotowaste.ResearchersfromUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegohavedevelopedanewdevice*thatproducesenergyfromthesweatonyourfingertips.Thedeviceiscalledabiofuelcell(BFC).Fromtheoutside,itlookslikeasimplepieceoffilmconnectedtoelectrodes.Sohowdoesthedevicework?Whenyoustickthebiofuelcelltoyourfinger,ittakesinsweat.Theenzymes*ontheelectrodesthenhelptoproduceelectricity.Besidesusingthesweat,thedevicealsoproducessmallamountsofenergywhenitispressed,sodailyactivitiesliketyping,texting,orplayingthepianoareallgoodwaystogenerateelectricity.Somepeoplemaythinkitqueertochoosefingertipsasthesourceofsweat,butinfact,theyarethesweatiestpartofthebody.Eachfingerproducesbetween100and1,000timesmoresweatthanmostotherareas.Todate,thedeviceisthemosteffectiveon—bodyenergyproducer.Beforeitisinvented,mostpowerproducingwearabledevicesrequirewearerstoperformexerciseordependonothersources,suchassunlightorlargechangesintemperature.Butthenewdeviceusesapassivesystemtoproduceelectricityfromsweatinyourfingertips.evenifyouaresleepingorsittingcompletelystill.OneoftheresearchersLuYinsaid,“Uniikeothersweat—poweredwearablesthisonerequiresnoexercise,nophysicalinputfromthewearerinordertobeuseful.Thisworkisastepforwardtomakingwearablesmorepractical,convenientandaccessible.”It’salsoquitecomfortabletowearthedevice.Thesizeofthedeviceisabout1cm2.Itsmaterialisflexibleaswell.“Soyoudon’tneedtoworryaboutitbeingtoorigidorfeelingstrange.Youcancomfortablywearitforalongperiodoftime,”saidYin.However,atthemoment,thedevicecanonlystoreupalittlebitpower,andwouldtakeaboutthreeweeksofconstantweartopowerasmartphone,buttheresearchershopetoincreaseitspowerinthefuture.()34．Abiofuelcellcan________. A．protectfingertips B．causeaheatwave C．makeuseofsweat D．developnewdevices()35．Theunderlinedword“queer”probablymeans________. A．strange B．unsafe C．dirty D．traditional()36．Whilewearingthebiofuelcell,whocanmakethebiofuelcellwork?①Edwardhasagoodsleepinhisbed.②Bettysendsatextmessagetohermom.③Nickplaysbasketballwithhisclassmates④Lilydriesthesweatonherhandswithafan. A．②③④ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．①②③()37．Whatistheadvantageofthebiofuelcell? A．Itcaninfluencethetemperaturegreatly. B．Itcanpowerasmartphoneinaday. C．Itmakesyoucomfortablewhenyou’reinpain. D．Itworksfornearly24hoursadaywhenyouwearit.【答案】34．C

35．A

36．D

37．D【解析】本文是說明文，介紹了新科技生物燃料電池。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Whenyoustickthebiofuelcelltoyourfinger,ittakesinsweat.”和“Besidesusingthesweat,thedevicealsoproducessmallamountsofenergywhenitispressed”可知，生物燃料電池可以利用汗水。故選C。35．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“choosefingertipsasthesourceofsweat”和“butinfact,theyarethesweatiestpartofthebody.”可知，人們普遍認為指尖的汗水比較少，所以利用指尖的汗水作為來源對人們來說是很奇怪的，故選A。36．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“sodailyactivitiesliketyping,texting,orplayingthepianoareallgoodwaystogenerateelectricity”和“Butthenewdeviceusesapassivesystemtoproduceelectricityfromsweatinyourfingertips,evenifyouaresleepingorsittingcompletelystul.”可知，人們?nèi)粘ＫX，發(fā)信息還有運動都會讓生物燃料電池運轉(zhuǎn)，故選D。37．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Youcancomfortablywearitforalongperiodoftime”可知，當你戴著它的時候，它幾乎一天24小時都在工作。故選D。CInmostcitiesyougoto,youwillseewallsoutsidecoveredwithpaintingsofnamesandpictures.Thisiscalledgraffiti.Somepeoplelikethesepaintings,butothersdonot.Peoplewholikethemseethisgraffitiasart,butothersbelieveitmakescitieslookterribleandthatthepeoplewhodoitshouldbearrested.ThesedaysintheUKtherearestilllotsofplaceswhereyoucanpaintgraffitibecausemostpeoplelikegraffitithathasalotofbeautifulcolors.▲?ThereareexamplesofveryoldgraffitifromGreekandRomancultures.However,moderngraffitistartedinNewYorkintheearly1970s.Itcamefrompartsofthecityandthepeoplewhowroteitwereoftenteenagers.Graffitiisstillpartofthecitycultureinmanyplacesintheworldtoday.BanksyisanEngland-basedgraffitiartist.Hisartisadmiredaroundtheworld.Hispaintingsusuallyhaveapoliticalmessage.AlthoughBanksyhasbecomeveryfamous,nobodyknowswhohereallyis.Banksy’sartissopopularthatpeoplesometimestrytostealitsothattheycansellitatahighprice.ThismakesBanksyangrybecausethemessagesinhisartareagainsttheideaofmoney.Insomecities,touristscantakegraffititours.OneofthesecitiesisBogotainColombia.ThereisalotofbeautifulgraffitiinBogotaandmuchofitshowsthehistoryofthecountryorhasapoliticalmessage.Youcanalsoseepartsofthecitytouristsdonotusuallygoto.Thetourisverypopularandisalsofree.However,theyaskyoutodonatesomemoneyifyoulikethetour.TheyusethismoneytohelppoorColombianartists.()38．Graffitiisakindof________. A．citywalls B．wallpaintings C．publicservices D．beautifulcolors()39．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttopicsentenceofparagraph3? A．Whocreatedgraffiti B．Wherecanyouenjoygraffiti C．Whendidgraffitibegin D．Whyisgraffitipopulararoundtheworld()40．WhatmakesthegraffitiartistBanksyangry? A．Nobodyknowswhohereallyis. B．Somepeoplemakemoneywithhisart. C．Peoplemisunderstandhispoliticalmessages. D．Otherpeopledisagreewithhisideaofmoney.()41．IftouriststakegraffititoursinBogota,theycan________. A．buyworksofpoorColombianartists B．talkaboutColombia’shistoryinashow C．meetthemostfamousgraffitiartistBanksy D．visitsomespecialbutnotwell-knownplaces【答案】38．B

39．C

40．B

41．D【解析】本文主要介紹了街頭涂鴉這一藝術形式，包括它的起源、主要藝術家和城市涂鴉之旅。38．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inmostcitiesyougoto,youwillseewallsoutsidecoveredwithpaintingsofnamesandpictures.Thisiscalledgraffiti.”可知，街頭涂鴉是一種墻繪。故選B。39．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ThereareexamplesofveryoldgraffitifromGreekandRomancultures.However,moderngraffitistartedinNewYorkintheearly1970s.”可知，本段講述街頭涂鴉的起源時間，C項“涂鴉是什么時候開始的”適合放句首做主題句。故選C。40．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“peoplesometimestrytostealitsothattheycansellitatahighprice.ThismakesBanksyangrybecausethemessagesinhisartareagainsttheideaofmoney.”可知，Banksy生氣的原因是有些人用他的藝術賺錢。故選B。41．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Youcanalsoseepartsofthecitytouristsdonotusuallygoto.”可知，如果游客在Bogota進行涂鴉之旅，他們可以參觀一些特別但不是很著名的地方。故選D。DOnemidsummerday,biologistAndrewParkerkneltinthebakingsandofanAustraliandesertandgentlyplacedtherightbacklegofasmalllizardintoadishofwater.Thesmalllizardthathaslearnedtosurviveintheextremeheat—hasasecretthatattractedParker.“Look!”heshouted.“Itsbackiscompletelydrenched!”Inlessthanaminute,waterfromthedishhadtraveledupthelizard’sleg,acrossitsskin,andintoitsmouth.Itwasdrinkingthroughitsfoot.Thelizardcanalsodothiswhenstandingonwetsand.Parkerhadcomeheretosolvetheriddleofhowitdoesthis,withaspecificpurposeinmind：tomakeanobjecttohelppeoplecollectwaterinthedesert.Parkerisaleadingscientistinthefieldofbiomimetics*—applyingdesignsfromnaturetosolveproblemsinengineering,materialsscience,medicine,andotherfields.Hisstudiesofthebodycoveringsofbutterfliesandbeetleshaveledtobrighterscreensforcellphones.TheworkofParkerisonlyonepartofagrowingglobalbiomimeticsmovement.Scientistsaroundtheworldaretrvingtocopyawidevarietyofnature’sdesignsecrets.IntheUnitedStates,researchersarelookingattheshapeofhumpbackwhalefinstohelpwindturbines*producemoreelectricenergy.Theshapeofthebodyofacertainfishhasinspired*designersatMercedes—Benztodevelopamoreefficientcardesign.Byanalyzinghowtermites—akindofinsectkeeptheirlargemounds’attherighttemperatureandhumidity,architectsinZimbabwehavebuiltmorecomfortablebuildings.AndinJapan,medicalresearchershavedevelopedapainlessneedlethatissimilarinshapetotheproboscis*ofamosquito.Perhaps,oneofthemostusefulapplicationsofbiomimeticsistherobot.ProfessorRonaldFearingiscreatingatinyrobotflythatcanbeusedinsurveillanceorrescueoperations.Althoughitwillbeyearsbeforehisrobotflycanperformanythinglikeanactualfly.Fearingisconfidentthatovertimehewillclosethegapbetweennatureandhumanengineering.Nowadays,thegapwithnatureisgraduallyclosing.Researchersareusingmorepowerfulmicroscopes,high-speedcomputersandothernewtechnologiestolearnmorefromnature.Agrowingnumberofbiomimeticmaterialsarebeingproduced.Andalthoughthefieldofbiomimeticshasvettobecomeasuccessfulcommercialindustry,ithasalreadydevelopedintoapowerfultoolforunderstandingnature’ssecret.()42．AndrewParkerwenttotheAustraliandesertto________. A．studythedietoflizards B．learnhowlizardscollectwater C．catchandbringbackalizard D．provethatlizardsdon’tneedwater()43．Theunderlinedword“drenched”probablymeans________. A．wet B．dry C．hot D．cold()44．Thestudyoftermitemoundshasinspiredpeopleto________. A．improvewindturbines B．inventapainlessneedle C．buildmorecomfortablebuildings D．developamoreefficientcardesign()45．What’sthepurposeofwritingthispassage? A．Togiveusexamplesofsomebiomimeticsdesigns. B．Toshowustherapiddevelopmentofbiomimetics. C．Totellusscientistsareworkingonbiomimetics. D．Tointroducesomegreatscientistsworkingonbiomimetics.【答案】42．B

43．A

44．C

45．B【解析】本文主要講述了仿生學的設計實例，從而向我們展示了仿生學的快速發(fā)展。42．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inlessthanaminute,waterfromthedishhadtraveledupthelizard’sleg,acrossitsskin,andintoitsmouth.Itwasdrinkingthroughitsfoot.Thelizardcanalsodothiswhenstandingonwetsand.Parkerhadcomeheretosolvetheriddleofhowitdoesthis”（不到一分鐘，盤子里的水就順著蜥蜴的腿往上流，流過皮膚，流進嘴里。它正在用腳喝水。當蜥蜴站在潮濕的沙子上時也會這樣做。帕克來到這里是為了解開它是如何做到這一點的）可知安德魯·帕克前往澳大利亞沙漠了解蜥蜴是如何收集水的。故選B。43．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Inlessthanaminute,waterfromthedishhadtraveledupthelizard’sleg,acrossitsskin,andintoitsmouth”（不到一分鐘，盤子里的水就順著蜥蜴的腿往上流，流過皮膚，流進嘴里）可推知蜥蜴的背部完全濕透了，wet符合，故選A。44．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Byanalyzinghowtermites—akindofinsectkeeptheirlargemounds’attherighttemperatureandhumidity,architectsinZimbabwehavebuiltmorecomfortablebuildings”（通過分析白蟻(一種昆蟲)如何保持它們的大土堆在合適的溫度和濕度，津巴布韋的建筑師建造了更舒適的建筑）可知對白蟻丘的研究啟發(fā)人們建造更舒適的建筑。故選C。45．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Nowadays,thegapwithnatureisgraduallyclosing.Researchersareusingmorepowerfulmicroscopes,high-speedcomputersandothernewtechnologiestolearnmorefromnature.Agrowingnumberofbiomimeticmaterialsarebeingproduced.Andalthoughthefieldofbiomimeticshasvettobecomeasuccessfulcommercialindustry,ithasalreadydevelopedintoapowerfultoolforunderstandingnature’ssecret.”（如今，人類與自然的差距正在逐漸縮小。研究人員正在使用更強大的顯微鏡、高速計算機和其他新技術從大自然中了解更多。越來越多的仿生材料被生產(chǎn)出來。雖然仿生學領域尚未成為一個成功的商業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)，但它已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為了解自然秘密的有力工具。）可知本文主要講述了仿生學的設計實例，從而向我們展示了仿生學的快速發(fā)展，故選B。卷II說明：本卷共有四大題，31小題，滿分50分。四、詞匯運用（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）A．用方框中所給詞語的適當形式填空。每詞限用一次。during

we

popular

forty

knife46．Eachofusshouldholdontoourdreamsandbelievein________.47．IvisitedHarvardUniversitywithmyfriends________mystayinAmerica.48．Westernerseatwith________andforkswhileweChineseeatwithchopsticks.49．AsChinadevelopsrapidly,theChineselanguagebecomes________thanbefore.50．Allthefamilymembersarebusygettingreadyformyfather’s________birthdayparty.【答案】46．ourselves

47．during

48．knives

49．morepopular

50．fortieth【解析】46．句意：我們每個人都應該堅持自己的夢想，相信自己。根據(jù)“ourdreamsandbelievein”可知，是相信自己，ourselves“我們自己”，故填ourselves。47．句意：在美國逗留期間，我和朋友們參觀了哈佛大學。根據(jù)“mystayinAmerica.”可知，是在美國逗留期間，during“在……期間”，故填during。48．句意：西方人用刀叉吃飯，而我們中國人用筷子吃飯。根據(jù)“Westernerseatwith...andforks”可知，是用刀叉吃飯，knife“刀”，這里表示泛指，故填knives。49．句意：隨著中國的快速發(fā)展?jié)h語變得比以前更流行。than前面要用比較級，表示漢語變得比以前更流行，故填morepopular。50．句意：所有的家人們都在忙著為我父親四十歲的生日派對做準備。根據(jù)“myfather’s...birthdayparty.”可知，幾歲生日就是第幾個生日，故填fortieth。B．閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給漢語意思寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。InLosAngeles,UPSdeliverydriverHectornoticedthatwhilehewasdeliveringthepackages,therewasonekid,Langston,wholookedsadbecauseheneverreceivedapackage.Afterseeingthathejumpedintoaction___51___(立刻).HefirstwroteanotetoLangston’sparents___52___(解釋)thesituationandaskabouttheboy’sname.Soonhegotallthe___53___(信息)heneededfromLangston’smom.Hectorshowedupthenext___54___(星期一)andsurprisedLangstonwiththedelivery.WhenLangstonopenedupthebox,hefoundabout___55___(五十)toycars.Itdoesngetmuchbetterthanthatforalittleboy.___56___(后來),Langston’smothersentanotetothankHectorforhiskindness.Inhisreply.Hectorsaidthathehad___57___(兒子)himself.He’dcollectedlotsoftheirtoycarsovertheyearsintheirpackaging.WhenhemetLangston,he___58___(意識到)itwastheperfectchancetoputthemtogooduse.Langstonhelpedhimrememberhowmanykids,___59___(包括)hisboys,hadtogothroughtheCOVID-19pandemic.“Ijustwanttoshowsomeloveatthis___60___(特殊的)time.”hesaid.BeforetheCOVID-19pandemic,youprobablydidn’tthinktoomuchaboutthepeoplewhodeliveredyourpackages.Butintimesofpandemic,deliverydriverslikeHectorhavesomeofthemostimportantjobs!【答案】51．immediately

52．toexplain

53．information

54．Monday

55．Fifty

56．Later

57．sons

58．realized

59．including

60．special【解析】本文講述了在流感大流行的時候，赫克托給人送包裹的故事。在流感大流行之前，可能沒有考慮太多送自己包裹的人。但在大流行時期，像赫克托這樣的送貨司機是最重要的工作！51．句意：聽說了這件事后他like采取行動。根據(jù)題干，可知空處修飾動詞“jumped”，故用副詞“immediately”。故填immediately。52．句意：他首先給Langston的父母寫了一封信來解釋這種狀況并詢問關于這個男孩的名字。根據(jù)文中“HefirstwroteanotetoLangston’sparents”可知他寫信的目的是為了解釋，故用不定式表示目的。故填toexplain。53．句意：很快他從Langston的父母那得到了他需要的信息。根據(jù)題干可知考查“名詞information”。故填information。54．句意：赫克托下周一出現(xiàn)了并使Langston很驚訝拿到包裹。根據(jù)題干可知，考查固定短語“下周一nextMonday”。故填Monday。55．句意：當Langston打開盒子后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)里面大約有50個玩具汽車。根據(jù)“toycars”可知，前面需要用基數(shù)詞。故填Fifty。56．句意：后來，Langston的媽媽送給了赫克托一個便條為感謝他的善良。副詞作狀語，故用later。故填later。57．句意：赫克托說他自己也有兒子。根據(jù)題干可知考查“可數(shù)名詞son”，句中空處前沒有不定冠詞a，故用復數(shù)形式。故填sons。58．句意：當他遇到Langston后，他意識到這是一個完美的機會來充分利用。根據(jù)題干可知，空處缺少謂語動詞，When引導的時間狀語是一般過去時，故后realize也用一般過去時realized。故填realized。59．句意：Langston幫他記起了很多孩子，包括他不得不經(jīng)歷新冠肺炎的兒子。此處考查介詞“including”。故填including。60．句意：他說我只是想在這特殊時期展示一點愛。根據(jù)空后的“time”，可知空考查形容詞“special”。故填special。五、語法填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。OnApril16,ShenzhouXIIIastronautsZhaiZhigong,WangYapingandYeGuangfu___61___(safe)comebacktoEarthfromtheTiangongspacestation.Therearemanyinteresting___62___(fact)abouttheirlanding.Let’stakealook!SpeedyreturnThemissionset___63___newspeedrecord.WhentheShenzhouXIIcamebackfromthespacestationin2021,ittookabout28hours.Thistime,ShenzhouXIIIcut___64___thenumberoforbits（環(huán)繞地球圈數(shù)）fromeleventofive.___65___tookjust9hourstoreturn.LandinguprightThere-entrycapsule（返回艙）landedupright.ThislandingpositionisrareinChina’sspaceflighthistory.OnlyShenzhouVIandShenzhouXIII___66___(do)successfullysofar.___67___(achieve)this,astronautsmustletgooftheparachute（降落傘）withexacttiming.Landinguprightmakessurethatastronautshavethesoftestlanding.Keepingseated___68___theastronautsfeltgoodafterlanding,theystillneededtositonchairs.Thelongspacejourneychangedtheirbodies.Theirmusclesandbonesbecamemuch___69___(weak).Inthenextfewmonths,theywill___70___(train)

togetusedtoEarth’sgravity（重力）.【答案】61．safely

62．facts

63．a(chǎn)

64．down

65．It

66．havedone

67．Toachieve

68．Although##Though

69．weaker

70．betrained【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹神舟十三號安全地從天宮空間站回到地球。關于著陸，有很多有趣的事實。61．句意：4月16日，神舟十三號航天員翟之功、王亞平、葉光復從天宮空間站安全地回到地球。根據(jù)“comeback”是動詞短語，可知用副詞來修飾動詞。故填safely。62．句意：關于他們的著陸，有很多有趣的事實。根據(jù)“interesting”是形容詞及“are”，可知后面加名詞復數(shù)形式。故填facts。63．句意：這項任務創(chuàng)造了一個新的速度記錄。根據(jù)句意“一個新的記錄”及“new”是以輔音音素開頭。故填a。64．句意：這一次，神舟十三號減少了環(huán)繞地球圈數(shù)，從11減到5。根據(jù)“fromeleventofive”及“cut”可知環(huán)繞地球圈數(shù)減少了。故填down。65．句意：回來只花了9個小時。根據(jù)“tookjust9hourstoreturn.”可知它符合結(jié)構(gòu)“Ittook+時間+todosth.”，故填It。66．句意：只有神舟六號和神舟十三號到目前為止成功地做到了。根據(jù)“sofar”及主語“OnlyShenzhouVIandShenzhouXIII”是復數(shù)可知，此句是現(xiàn)在完成時。故填havedone。67．句意：為了實現(xiàn)這一點，宇航員必須以精確的時間放開降落傘。根據(jù)句意“為了實現(xiàn)這一點，宇航員必須以精確的時間放開降落傘?！笨芍颂幉欢ㄊ奖砟康?，故填Toachieve。68．句意：雖然宇航員著陸后感覺良好，但是他們?nèi)匀恍枰谝巫由稀８鶕?jù)“Thelongspacejourneychangedtheirbodies.Theirmusclesandbonesbecamemuch…”可知，漫長的太空之旅改變了他們的身體。他們的肌肉和骨骼變得弱了很多。所以雖然宇航員著陸后感覺不錯，但是他們?nèi)匀恍枰谝巫由希琣lthough/though引導讓步狀語從句。故填Although/Though。69．句意：他們的肌肉和骨骼變得弱了很多。根據(jù)“becamemuch”和句意，可知要用形容詞比較級。故填weaker。70．句意：在接下來的幾個月里，為了習慣地球的重力，他們將接受訓練。根據(jù)“theywill…(train)togetusedtoEarth’sgravity（重力）.”可知主語和謂語動詞之間是被動關系，又因為“will”后加動詞原形，故填betrained。六、任務型閱讀（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）閱讀下面材料，然后從所給的A—E五個選項中選擇正確的選項（其中一項是多余選項），并回答最后小題。Ihavebeenateacherallmylife,andIwanttobeanEnglishteacheragaininmynexttime.——ChenLinAmasterofEnglisheducationinChina,ChenLinjustcelebratedhis100thbirthdayinApril.71In1950,ChenstartedteachingatBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity(BFSU).72Healwaysputimportanceon“standingup”and“speakin