專題31 8BU7-2023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識點一遍過（江蘇專用）

8BU7-2023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識點一遍過（江蘇專用）過單詞短語過單詞短語1.havesomepocketmoneyleft.剩一些零花錢?！究键c解析】left為后置定語，修飾pocketmoney。動詞的過去分詞常?？梢杂米骱笾枚ㄕZ?！纠洹縜mancalled/namedTom一位叫作／名為湯姆的男子abookwrittenbyLuXun一本由魯迅寫的書→Sbhavesthleft某人剩下某物→Therebesth/sbleft.剩下…Shehasspentallhermoneyonthisbook.Nowshehasnoneleft.Hurryup.Thereislittletimeleft.2.Ithelpsbuildabetterworldforeveryone,especiallychildrenallovertheworld.它幫助為每個人，尤其是全世界的孩子們建造一個更好的世界。especially特別，尤其【考點聚焦】especially副詞，意為“特別，尤其”。【例句】Everyonefeelssadsometimes,especiallywhenunhappythingshappen.【拓展】比較especially與specially前者表示突出重點，強調其后的成分，specially的意思是“專門的，特別的”，如：Thiskindofchairisspeciallydesignedforthedisabled.這種椅子是專門為殘疾人設計的。Itworksfortheequalrightsofgirlsandwomentoo.它也為女孩和婦女們爭取平等的權利。解析：right,名詞，意為“權利”，后常接動詞不定式或“of+名詞"結構作定語，表示“....的權利”。如:Ihavetherighttoaskforanexplanation.我有權要求一個解釋。onboard在飛機（船、火車）上【考點聚焦】注意board與broad的拼寫。board意為“木板，板子”，broad意為“寬闊的”，如：Eagleshavebroadwings.老鷹有寬闊的翅膀?！纠洹縃avethepassengersgoneonboardyet?乘客們登機了嗎？【拓展】abroad副詞，意為“在國外”，goabroad去國外5.Modernmedicineisdevelopingquicklyandnowmosteyeproblemsanddiseasescanbetreatedandcured．【考點解析】develop動詞，意為“發(fā)展；加強”，其名詞形式為development。短語：withthedevelopmentofthesociety隨著社會的發(fā)展【辨析】developing與developed(1)developing意為“正在發(fā)展中的”Indiaisadevelopingcountry.印度是一個發(fā)展中國家。(2)developed意為“發(fā)達的”TheUSAisadevelopedcountry.美國是一個發(fā)達國家。6.Theplaneisalsousedasatrainingcentre.飛機也被用作培訓中心?！究键c解析】beusedas意為“被用作為……”。【例句】EnglishisusedasaforeignlanguageinChina.在中國，英語被作為一門外語使用?！究键c解析】atrainingcentre意為“一個培訓中心”ashoppinglist購物單readingweek閱讀周drivinglessons駕駛課internationalcharities(P93)國際慈善機構ORBIS奧比斯Oxfam樂施會UNICEF聯合國兒童基金會WorldWideFundforNature＝WWF世界自然基金會Itprovidesbasiceducationforchildreninpoorareas.(P93)它給貧困地區(qū)的孩子提供基本的教育。educationn.教育educationaladj.教育的arean.地區(qū)；面積知識點1：Italsoworkstopreventthespreadofsomeseriousdiseases,likeAIDS,amongyoungpeople.preventv.防護；預防preventsbfromdoingsth=___stop_sbfromdoingsth___=__keepsbfromdoingsth__=1\*GB3①Hesaidthiswouldpreventcompaniesfrom__creating___newjobs.(create)=2\*GB3②Furthertreatmentwillpreventcancer(癌癥)from_developing___.(develop)2)spread傳播，擴散【考點聚焦】spread作為名詞，意為“擴散；分布；展開”【例句】thespreadofsomeseriousdiseases一些嚴重疾病的傳播【拓展】spread還可以作為動詞，意為“（使）散開；擴散，spread-spread-spread.如：Allhisprivatepaperswerespreadalloverthefloor.他所有的私人文件都被散地滿地都是。知識點2：Pleasetellussomethingaboutblindness.blindnessn.失明adj._blind__theblind盲人1)Her___blindness_ofbotheyesresultedfromatrafficaccident.2)Istartedhelpinghimrun(經營,管理)thebusinesswhenhewent__blind___.3)Hewasateacherofthe__blind__.知識點3：About285millionpeoplearoundtheworldareblindorhaveothereyeproblems,mostlyinpoorareas,andabout80percentofthesecasescanbepreventedorcured.percentn.百分數80%讀作______80percent____。當百分數作主語時，謂語動詞的形式由__后面的名詞_決定，與“就近原則”相似。①71%oftheearth______is___fromthecountryside.(be)curev.___治愈____Thedoctordevotedhimselftothe__cure___ofcancer(癌癥).知識點4：However,manypeopledon’thavemoneyformedicaltreatment.medicaladj.醫(yī)療的medicaltreatment醫(yī)療take/havethemedicine吃藥treatmentn.治療undertreatment正在治療中treatv.①____對待___②___招待_____Don’t____treat____him____as____achild.不要把他看作孩子一樣對待。知識點5：Ontheplane,volunteerdoctorsdooperations.1)volunteern.志愿者vi.主動做volunteertodosth._____主動做某事____2)dooperations做手術doanoperationonsb.=___給某人做手術_____operatingroom___手術室________operatingtable____手術臺____operatev.①____操作_____②______做手術____知識點6：Manyofourpatientscan’taffordtogotohospital,sowehavetogotothem.affordv.承擔的起affordtodosth__承擔做某事__Wecan’taffordtobuyanewhouse.Cantheyaffordtogoabroadthissummer?知識點7：I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagainandimprovetheirlives.proudadj.驕傲的n.____pride___beproudtodosth做某事感到驕傲be/feelproudof對。。。驕傲知識點8:Butmoremoneyisneededtocarryonwithourwork.carryonwithsth繼續(xù)某事Theycarriedonworking,thoughtheywereverytired.注意：carryonwithsth＝carryondoingsth＝continuetodosth＝continuedoingsth繼續(xù)做某事【辨析】carryontodosth.與carryondoingsth.carryontodosth.表示繼續(xù)做另一件事；carryondoingsth.表示繼續(xù)做剛才沒做完的事。IwillcarryontodomyEnglishexercisesafterIfinishmymathsexercises.完成數學作業(yè)之后，我將繼續(xù)做英語作業(yè)。Iamtoohungrytodothework.CanIcarryondoingitafterthemeal?我太累了，不能做這項工作。我能在飯后繼續(xù)做嗎？知識點9：handout分發(fā)handout=__分發(fā)__handin___上交_Oneofmyjobswastohandouttheprizes.知識點10：ItwassetupinEuropein1946,afterWorldWarII.(P101)二戰(zhàn)之后，在1946年它被設立在歐洲。WorldWarII第二次世界大戰(zhàn)也可簡寫為WWI（一戰(zhàn)）WWII（二戰(zhàn)）setup建立、設立含up的固定搭配：growup___長大__giveup___放棄____putup_張貼、搭建、舉起來__cleanup___打掃干凈___知識點11：部分動詞、形容詞加后綴可以變?yōu)槊~，常見的有以下三種情況：部分動詞＋ment→名詞：agreeadvertisedeveloppunishimprove部分動詞＋ion→名詞：collectdonateeducatecelebrateorganize形容詞＋ness→名詞：illsickrichkindcareless知識點12：AlotofthingsaresoldinOxfamshops,includingbooks.樂施會商店里賣許多物品，包括書。解析：including,介詞，意為“包括，包含”，后面直接跟賓語，含有補充說明之意。如:Thirtypassengerswerehurt,includingfivechildren.30名乘客受傷,包括5個孩子。拓展：including的動詞為include,意為“包括，包含”，在句中作謂語，側重指被包含著的是整體的一部分。如:Thebookincludestwochaptersongrammar.這本書包含兩章關于語法的內容。知識點1：…manychidren’sliveswerechangedbecauseofthewar…(P101)…因為戰(zhàn)爭，許多孩子的生活被改變…becauseof因為，由于后接代詞/名詞/動詞的ing形式，because后接句子。例：Shewasabsentfromschoolbecauseofillness.=Shewasabsentfromschoolbecauseshewasill.知識點2：UNICEFraisesmoneybysellingChristmascardsandorganizingotheractivities.(P101)聯合國兒童基金會通過賣圣誕卡片和組織其他的活動來籌集資金。raisevt.籌集；飼養(yǎng)；升起來；提高Theyraisedthemoneytobuythehouse.Don'traiseyourvoicetome!Theyhadraisedthewhiteflaginsurrender（投降）.Heraisedhishandtowave.2)organizev.組織知識點3：Peoplecansupportitbydonatingmoneyorworkingasvolunteers.(P102)人們通過捐錢和做志愿者來支持它。supportv.n.支持donatev.捐贈makeadonationto=makedonationsto＝donatemoneyto向……捐款知識點4：Openyourmouthandletmehaveacheck.(P102)張開你的嘴巴，讓我檢查一下。checkvt.n.檢查知識點5：…divideapieceofwritingintosentences,phrases,etc.(P103)將一篇文章拆分為句子，短語等。divide…into…把…分成…Thewatermelonisdividedintotwelvepieces.Thestudentsaredividedintothreegroups.知識點6：Youcanuseacomputerforsendingandreceivingemails,searchingforinformation,drawingorplayinggames.(P103)你能使用一臺電腦來收發(fā)電子郵件，搜索信息，畫畫或玩游戲。use的用法usedtodo____過去常常做某事____usesth.todo/usesth.fordoing____用.........做........___beusedtodo__被用來做某事___be/getusedtodoing_____習慣于做某事____2)searchfor尋找，搜尋search+sth./sb.搜身；搜某處知識點7：Hewasthesamesizeasmylittlefinger!(P103)他和我的小手指一樣大。thesamesizeas…=__asbig/largeas___常見類似用法還有：Thesameheightas…=_____astallas____Thesameweightas…=___asheavyas__知識點8：Ikeptaskingmyself.(P103)我一直問自己。keep(sb)doing…使…一直做…Thebosskepttheworkersworkingalltheday.知識點9：Shemadeuphermindtotrainasanurseandattendedcoursesafterwork.(P104)她下定決心在工作后來培訓成一名護士并參加課程。1)makeupone’smind下定決心做某事mindv.___介意____n.____心思______2)trainvt.___訓練__過語法過語法被動語態(tài)的基本知識語態(tài)：英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞的形式表現出來的，用來表明主語與謂語動詞之間的關系，英語的動詞有兩種語態(tài)形式，即主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。如果主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，謂語動詞用主動語態(tài)。如果主語是動作的對象，謂語動詞用被動語態(tài)。2.主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的轉化：①將主動語態(tài)的賓語改為被動語態(tài)的主語；②將主動語態(tài)的謂語動詞改為“be＋過去分詞”結構；③將主動語態(tài)的主語改為介詞by之后的賓語，放在謂語動詞之后（有時可省略）。例：Wevisitedthatfactorylastsummer.主動語態(tài)主語謂語賓語狀語Thatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummer被動語態(tài)主語謂語賓語狀語例題：把下列句子改為被動句Johndrewabeautifulhorselastweek._______________________________________________【答案】AbeautifulhorsewasdrawnbyJohnlastweek.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines._______________________________________________【答案】Metalisusedformakingmachinesbypeople.Heaskedmetodothatforhim._______________________________________________【答案】Iwasaskedtodothatforhim.Theysoldoutthelightgreendresses._______________________________________________【答案】Thelightgreendressesweresoldoutbythem.3.用法：被動語態(tài)常用于以下兩種情況：（1）不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者；例：Thisclothismadeofcotton.（2）強調動作的承受者。例：Herbikeisstolen.4.一般現在時和一般過去時的被動語態(tài)構成：時態(tài)結構例句一般現在時am/is/are+過去分詞WearetaughtEnglishbyher.由她教我們英語。一般過去時was/were+過去分詞ApresentwasgiventomebyMary.瑪麗給了我一件禮物。例1：—Ourclassroom____________everyday.—Soitis.It'sourdutytokeepitcleanandtidy.A.cleansB.iscleaningC.iscleanedD.cleaning例2：Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeople’slifealotsinceit_________.A.inventsB.inventedC.isinventedD.wasinvented例3：Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing，peoplewillhavetoshouttobeheardevenatdinner．A.arenotkeptB.arenotkeepC.donotkeepD.donotkept【答案】CDA知識點2：不用于被動語態(tài)的動詞①不及物動詞不用于被動語態(tài)，如appear,comeout,happen,takeplace等不及物動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)。例1：Greatchanges______________place.Manynewschools______________.A.havetaken,havebeenopenedB.take,areopenC.aretaken,openD.havebeentaken,areopened【答案】A②表狀態(tài)動詞不用于被動語態(tài)，常見的有：hold,have,cost,contain,become,looklike等例：這本書花了我20元。（用cost翻譯）_____________________________【答案】Thebookcostme20yuan.知識點3：主動形式表被動意義某些感官動詞和系動詞接形容詞可以表示被動意義。如：look,smell,taste,feel,prove,wear,sound等例：Herbedroomlooksverycleanandtidy.她的臥室看起來非常干凈和整潔。2)某些作表語的形容詞后，用不定式主動形式表示被動意義。例：Theconversationishardtounderstand.對這話很難理解。Thefishisnoteasytofish.魚不容易釣。Thepassageisdifficulttoread.這段文章很難讀懂。3)write,sell,wash和read和副詞連用，主動語態(tài)表被動意義。例：Thepenwritessmoothly.這筆寫起來很順手。Thearticlereadswell.這篇文章讀起來很好。例1：---Doyoulikethematerial?

---Yes,it___verysoft.

A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt

例2：Itisdifficultforaforeigner____Chinese．A.writeB.towriteC.tobewrittenD.written例3：Thecompositiondoesn’t____anymore.A.needtobecorrectingB.needtobecorrectedC.needbecorrectedD.needbecorrecting例4：---Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?

---Oh,excellent.It'sworth___asecondtime.

A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread

【答案】CBBC知識點4：感官動詞see,hear,watch,feel,notice及使役動詞let,make,have等，動詞后省略to不定式，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，應加上不定式符合to.例：Ialwaysseetheboysplayinthepark.(變成被動語態(tài))Theboysarealwaysseentoplaybymeinthepark.例1：Hewasmade___alotofwork.A.do B.todo C.didD.doing例2：Hewasseensomethingfromtheshop.A.stealB.tostealC.tobestolenD.stealed【答案】BB單項選擇（

）1.Shewasseen______atthistimeyesterday.

A.dance

B.dancing

C.danced

D.todance（

）2.Themeeting______at4thisafternoon.

A.began

B.willbegin

C.isbegun

D.willbebegin（

）3.Theman______formorethantenhoursaday.

A.madetowork

B.wasmadeworking

C.wasmadework

D.wasmadetowork（

）4.Theteachermust______carefullyinclass.

A.listen

B.belistened

C.belistenedto

D.belistening（

）5.Alotoftallbuildings________inourcitylastyear.

A.arebuilt

B.wasbuilt

C.werebuilt

D.canbebuilt（

）6.Ourclassroomiscleanandtidy.It________everyday.

A.iscleaned

B.iscleaning

C.cleans

D.cleaned（

）7.Howlongmaythisbook________?

A.bekeeping

B.kept

C.bekept

D.iskept（

）8.Whenyourhomework_______,pleasehanditin.

A.did

B.do

C.done

D.isdone

【答案】1–4BBDC

5–8CACD主動變成被動1.PeoplespeakEnglishinmanycountries.

________________________________________2.Thebikeisbeingrepaired.

(Aworker)

________________________________________3.HetaughtmeChineselastterm.

________________________________________4.Thereading–roommustbekeptclean.

________________________________________5.MumwillbuymeaT–shirttomorrow.

________________________________________6.Shewasseenreadingabook.

(I)________________________________________7.Theyletthedoggo.________________________________________8.Thebookshavebeentakenfromthelibrary.

(Thelittleboy)__________________________________【答案】1.

Englishisspokeninmanycountries(bypeople).2.

Aworkerisrepairingthebike3.Chinesewastaughttomebyhimlastterm.4.Thestudentsmustkeepthereading–roomclean.5.IwillbeboughtaT–shirtbyMumtomorrow.或者AT–shirtwillbeboughtformebyMumtomorrow.6.Isawherreadingabook.7.Theboyislettogobythem.8.Thelittleboyhastakenthebooksawayfromthelibrary.重難點訓練重難點訓練一、單詞拼寫1.IloveYangzhou,____________(尤其是)inspring.2.Someonehasleftawindowopen____________(粗心大意).3.Allthekidsweresurprisedwhentheyheardthatacowhasfour__________.(胃)4.Howlonghaveyou____________(借)thebook?5.Heispatientenoughto___________(解釋)thethingtous.6.Theyhavejusthada______________(discuss)aboutwheretospendtheirholidays.7.Whentheguestenteredthehall,MrsSmithstoodupandgreetedhim________(polite).8.Hewassotiredoutthathefoundhimself________（able）tomoveoutofthehotel.9.Livingtogetherwithmyfriendswasagreat__________.(pleasant)10.Somehusbandscarelessabouttheir______(wife)feelingsandseldomhelpthemdohousework.【答案】especiallycarelesslystomachskeptexplaindiscussionpolitelyunablepleasurewives’二、根據所給中文完成下列句子1.我們的英語老師過去對他的學生很友善。OurEnglishteacher____________________________________hisstudents.2.李平的小弟弟習慣午飯前吃零食。Liping’slittlebrother________________________________beforelunch.3.不用擔心，我們還剩一點時間Don’tworry,andwestill________________________________________.4.我已在網上收集了一些有關國際慈善機構信息。I________________________someinformation_____________ontheInternet.【答案】1.usedtobekindto2.isusedtoeatingsnacks3.havealittletimeleft4.havesearchedfor,aboutinternationalcharities三、單項選擇1.Didyouuse_________hikingwhenyoulivedinthecountry?A.togoB.goingC.togotoD.havegone2.Thereisnoclassinthemorning.Everyone__________getupearlyasusual.A.doesn’tneedB.needn’ttoC.needsnotD.needn’t3.They’retryingtheirbestto____enoughmoneytobuildahospitalforthechildreninpoorareas.A.spendB.costC.collectD.pay4.It’s________late________gothereonfootnow.Ithinkyou’dbettertakeataxi.A.so;thatyoucanB.too;foryoutoC.so;thatyoumayD.too;youcan5.WhatcanIdo_________myspokenEnglish?A.toimproveB.improveC.improvingD.Improved6.-Mum,IgotthebestgradeintheEnglishtesttoday.-Welldone,son.I’mvery____________ofyou.A.proudB.tiredC.afraidD.tiring7.Someparentsdon’tknowhow_________theirchildrenwell.A.educateB.toeducateC.educationD.toeducateto8.Ilostmyway__________arainynightandmymotherwasquiteworried_________me.A.on;withB.on;aboutC.at;withD.at;about9.ThedoctorsinORBIShavedone____animportantjob____thepatientsareallgratefultothem.A.too;toB.so;thatC.such;thatD.as;as10.Theoldmenshouldbetreatedwith______________.A.kindB.kindnessC.kindlyD.kinder【答案】1-5ADCBA6-10ABBCB四、句型轉換1.Manypeopledon’thaveenoughmoneytogotohospital．（同義句）Manypeoplearetogotohospital．2.Youcandonatemoneytosupportourwork．（同義句）Youcanourworkbymoney．3.Heusedtowalktoschool.(改為一般疑問句)_________he________towalktoschool?4.Thesickboyneedsanoperation.（同義句）Thesickboyneedstobe______________________.Therearefewbooksinthedesk,________________________?(反意疑問句)【答案】1.toopoor2.support,donating3.Did,use4.operatedon5.arethere五、完形填空Formanypeople,goingonholidayshasbecomepartoftheirlife.Butsomepeopleare___36___aboutthetravelprice.Canwestillpayfortraveling___37___spendingtoomuchmoney?Wetalktosomepeopletogetsomeuseful___38___.Theyallagreethatmakingagoodplanisvery___39___.Theysayifyouwanttotravelbyyourself,___40___yougotravelingyoumaywanttospendlessmoney.Andthenyoushouldthinkaboutthefollowingthings.Cheapdoesnotalwaysmean___41___quality(質量).Spendsometimestudyingaboutahotelortheplaceyouwanttogo.Drivingacarmaynotbethe___42___choicebecausesometimesyoushouldpaymoremoneyforthat.Walkthefurthermile.Yougettoknowatownoracity___43___onfootasyoucanstopanywhereandanytime.Andthelocals(居民)maybeyourbest___44___.Sometimestheytellbetterstoriesthantourguides.Youcanalways___45___thebusifyouareinterestedinsomethingwhenyoutravel.Soifyoudon’twanttowalk,justtakethebus.Youcanseepeople’slifeinthecity.36.A.excitedB.happyC.worriedD.glad37.A.withB.notC.andD.without38.A.adviceB.ideaC.plansD.piece39.A.helplessB.importantC.easyD.bad40.A.beforeB.afterC.ifD.assoonas41.A.highB.goodC.lowD.nice42.A.goodB.badC.bestD.nice43.A.worseB.betterC.littleD.less44.A.workersB.teachersC.doctorsD.guides45.A.getonB.getoffC.getinD.getoutof【答案】36.C37.D38.A39.B40.A41.C42.C43.B44.D45.B六、閱讀理解Peopleusetheirmouthsformanythings.IntheEnglishlanguage,therearemanyexpressionsusingtheword“mouth”.Butsomeofthemarenotsonice.Sometimes,peoplesaysomethingtoafriendorafamilymember.Latertheyregretbecauseithurtsthatperson’sfeelings.Ortheytellthepersonsomethingtheydidn’tmeantotell.Thespeakermightsay:“Ireallyputmyfootinmymouththistime.”Sometimeswhenonepersonisspeaking,hesaysthesamethingthathisfriendisgoingtosay.Whenthishappens,thefriendmightsay:“Youtookthewordsrightoutofmymouth!”Sometimesapersonhasabadorsadexperiencewithanotherperson.Hemightsaythatexperience“l(fā)eftabadtasteinmymouth.”O(jiān)rthepersonpossiblyhasaveryfrightening(可怕的）experience,likehavinganangrydogrunningafterhim.Hemightsay:“Ihadmyheartinmymouth.”Somepeoplehavelotsofmoneybecausetheywerebornintoaveryrichfamily.Youmightsaytheperson“wasbornwithasilverspoon(銀勺)inhismouth”.Heistheoppositeofapersonlivingfrom“handtomouth”.Thispersonisverypoorandonlyhasenoughmoneyforthemostimportantthingsinlife,likefood.49.Theunderlinedword“regret”maymean_____________.A.feelsorryB.feelexcitedC.feelproudD.feelsurprised50.Whenamansays“Ihadmyheartinmymouth”,usuallyhemeanshewas_____________.A.excitedB.afraidC.surprisedD.happy51.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.DifferentUsesofMouthB.PeopleandTheirMouthsC.ExpressionsaboutMouthD.TheImportanceofMouth【答案】49.A50.B51.CWhowantstoeatfoodthatisthrownawayaswaste