湖北省云學(xué)聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考英語試卷

2024年湖北云學(xué)名校聯(lián)盟高三年級12月聯(lián)考英語試卷考試時間：2024年12月13日8:0010:00時長：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthewomantakewithher?A.Asportsbag.B.Asuitcase.C.Abackpack.2.Whydidthemancalloffhistrip?A.TheweatherwasbadB.Hewasn’tinterestedinitC.Therewasanurgentsituation3.Whatwillthewomando?A.Collectsomeplants.B.Gotoworkinthelab.C.Deliversomematerials4.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisgrandmother’smovingin?A.Appreciative.B.SurprisedC.Anxious.5.Whereisthewoman’sbooknow?A.OnabedB.Onadesk.C.Inachest.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheman’sprimaryconcernabouttheinvestment?A.Theprofit.B.Thesafety.C.Theflexibility.7.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.ShowthemanawebsiteB.GivethemanauserguideC.Openanaccountfortheman.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Intheman’shouse.B.OnaplaneC.Atanairport.9.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.UsethefastcheckinserviceB.TakethebluesuitcaseonboardC.Lethischildrengothroughsecurityfirst.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatisSimon’smainjobresponsibility?A.SellingproductsB.Developingsoftware.C.Makingaproduct.11.WhatproblemisSimonfacedwithinhiswork?A.UnpredictablemarkettrendsB.Tightworkingtime.C.Difficultrelationswithcustomers.12.HowmanyemployeesworkatSimon’spany?A.3,B.12,C.13.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatareNicoleandAnthony?A.Filmcritics.B.Newsreporters.C.Radiopresenters14.Whatisthespeakers’opiniononthenewJamesBondactor?A.HewasagoodfitbutnotthebestB.HewasatypicalJamesBondactor.C.Hemadethecharacterunbelievable.15.WhichdoesNicolethinkwasgoodaboutthemovie?A.ThemusicB.Thestory.C.Thespecialeffects16.WhatratingdoesAnthonygivethemovie?A.Twostars.B.Fourstars.C.Fivestars.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatisTimmainlytalkingabout?A.ThecareerofhimandSam.B.Thedevelopmentofhismusicaltalent.C.Theexperiencesofbeingtwinbrothers18.WhenwasTimborn?A.InJanuary.B.InOctober.C.InDecember.19.Whatisprobablythephysicaldifferencebetweenthetwins?A.Thehair.B.Thebuild.C.Thevoice.20.WhatcanwelearnaboutTim?A.HeislessconfidentthanSamB.HeisnotinterestedingoingoutC.HeisgoingtoputoutSoulBrothers.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFourBestPlacestoCamparoundtheWorldTherearefewmorerewardingfeelingsthanputtingupyourtentandspendingthenightbeneaththestars.FromNewZealandtoFinland,thisisourpickoffourbestplacestocamparoundtheglobe.MountCookNationalPark,NewZealandYoucan’ttalkaboutthebestplacestocampwithoutmentioningNewZealand’sotherworldlylandscapes.Aoraki(orMountCook)isthecountry’shighestmountain,andthesurroundingrockyregionistheSouthIsland’sfinestoutdoorplayground.Viewsfromthecampgroundsherearesimplyamazing.Devon,EnglandThesouthwestofEnglandfeelsamillionmilesfromtherestoftheUK.ThecampsitesonDartmoorandExmoorarefantasticplacestobuildatent.However,you’llalsofindspotswithunbeatableviewsalongtherockycliffsthatsweepdowntotheAtlanticonthenorthDevoncoast.einautumn,whenyoucanwatchahugeredsunsetslowlyoverthehorizon.TheAlps,FranceAsaskiresortinthewintermonths,theAlpstransformasthesnowmelts.Oncethemoderatespringweatherarrives,sodohikersandcampers.You’llfindbeautifullyfreshalpineairandoldvillagesnestledinthefoothills.It’soneofthebestplacestocamp,madeallthemorespecialbythestarrynightskyabove.HossaNationalPark,FinlandFinland’snewestnationalpark(whichopenedin2017)isinthewildnortheastofthecountry.You’llfindherearuggedlandscapeofrivers,lakesandforests.Finlandweleswildcampersandtheparkisdottedwithremotesheltersandplaincabins,allwithspotsforcampfires.1.WhatdoMountCookNationalParkandDevonhaveinmon?A.Nearthecoast. B.SkiresortsinwinterC.Fantasticviewsaroundcampsites. D.Thetimetovisit.2.Whichplacewillbechosenforacmodationifyoudon’ttakeatent?A.MountCookNationalPark. B.Devon.C.TheAlps. D.HossaNationalPark.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Areflectioninatraveljournal. B.Aguidebooktocamping.C.Anessayabouttourism. D.Anintroductiontotraveling【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要推薦了全球四個最佳露營地點，包括新西蘭和芬蘭，這些地方以其壯麗的自然景色和適合露營的設(shè)施而聞名?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MountCookNationalPark,NewZealand中的“Viewsfromthecampgroundsherearesimplyamazing(從這里的露營地看到的景色簡直太驚艷了。)”和Devon,England中的“However,you’llalsofindspotswithunbeatableviewsalongtherockycliffsthatsweepdowntotheAtlanticonthenorthDevoncoast.(然而，你還會在北德文郡海岸的巖石懸崖上發(fā)現(xiàn)一些擁有無與倫比景觀的地方，這些地方一直延伸到大西洋。)”可知，這兩個景區(qū)的共同點是露營地都能觀賞到美麗的風(fēng)景。故選C項。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HossaNationalPark,Finland中的“Finlandweleswildcampersandtheparkisdottedwithremotesheltersandplaincabins,allwithspotsforcampfires.(芬蘭歡迎野外露營者，公園里散布著遙遠的避難所和簡陋的小木屋，都設(shè)有營火地點。)”可知，該景區(qū)有零星的住所和小木屋，因此HossaNationalPark適合在景區(qū)內(nèi)尋找住所的游客。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“FromNewZealandtoFinland,thisisourpickoffourbestplacestocamparoundtheglobe(從新西蘭到芬蘭，這是我們推薦的全球四個最佳露營地點。)”可知，本文主要是介紹四個適合露營的景區(qū)，由此可知，本文選自一篇露營指南。故選B項。BMarcoPolocamefromafamilyofmerchants.HisfatherNiccoloanduncleMaffeoalreadyleftVenicein1261toestablishnewrelationshipsintheEast,wheretheymetKublaiKhanduringthisfirstjourney.TheirmeetingwasoneofthegreatestencountersbetweenEastandWestinhistoryThebrothersfoundintheKhanamanwhosecuriosityabouttheWestmatchedtheirsabouttheEast.TherelationshiptheybuiltwiththeMongolsmadethempioneeringintermediaries(中間人),throughwhomknowledgeofEuropeandChinacouldtravelinbothdirections.AfterreturningtoVenice,thebrothersplannedanotherjourneytothecourtofKublaiKhan.Thistime,theywouldbringNiccolo’sson,Marco,whowasaboywhenhisfatherlastsawhimtenyearsbefore,wasnow17yearsold.AfterthreeandahalfyearsoftravellingthroughCentralAsia,thePoloseventuallyreachedtheirroyaldestination.Marco,thenaged21,becameoneofthefewtobereceivedbyKublaiKhanathissummerpalace.Duringtheir17yearsofstayinChina,Marcowassentonmanyjourneysaroundthecountryanditsneighboringlands.WhenthetimecametoreturntoEurope,thePolos’seavoyagehomewasanotherjourney,takingthemthroughtheSouthChinaSea,Vietnam,Malaysia,SumatraandSriLanka.Marco’saccountofhisjourney—calledTheTravelsofMarcoPolo—becameabestsellerpartlybecauseofitsnewinsightsintoadistantpartoftheworld.Whiletravelers’talesfromtheancientSilkRoadhadbeendistributedbefore,thewealthofinformationMarcoprovidedonChinaanditssurroundinglandswasunparalleledatthetime.Notonlydiditofferreadersstrangeandfantasticdetailsaboutfarawayplaces,buttheworkalsopresentedpracticalinformationofusetomerchantswhowereinterestedininternationaltrade.Marco’seagernesstorecordthegoodsbeingproducedandhowtheycouldbetransportedcaughtthemoodofthetimes.InformationfromTheTravelswasusefulinimprovingmapsofEastAsia,whichfedtraderelations.ThisknowledgefueledagrowingcuriosityabouttheworldasEuropemovedintotheRenaissanceandtheAgeofDiscoverytowardtheendofthe1400s.Betternavigationenabledeastwardaswellaswestwardtradeinthatperiodofexploration.4.WhatisthesignificanceofNiccoloandMafeo’sencounterwithKublaiKhanA.Establishinganewindustry B.FacilitatingtradebetweenthemC.Creatinganewtravelroute D.Promotingmutualunderstanding5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThepassionforMarco’stravel. B.TheinspirationforMarco’swritingC.TheexplanationofMarco’stravel. D.TheinsightintoMarco’swriting.6.WhichfactorleadstothewidespreadpopularityofTheTravels?A.Itsmultiplelanguagesuse. B.ThefirsttraveljournalaboutChinainthewest.C.PreviouslyunknowninformationabouttheEast. D.AdventuroustalesfromtheancientSilkRoad.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theinventionofnavigationalaidwasencouraged.B.EuropeanknowledgeaboutEastAsiawasshaped.C.FurtherexplorationwestwardwasinspiredintheEast.D.TheTravelswasaresultoftheAgeofDiscovery【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要介紹了馬可·波羅對中西方文化交流的突出貢獻?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“TheirmeetingwasoneofthegreatestencountersbetweenEastandWestinhistory.ThebrothersfoundintheKhanamanwhosecuriosityabouttheWestmatchedtheirsabouttheEast.(他們的會面是歷史上東西方之間最偉大的相遇之一。兄弟倆在可汗身上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個對西方的好奇心與他們對東方的好奇心相匹配的人)”可知，他們的相遇促進了東西方知識的雙向傳播，也就是增進了相互的了解，所以其意義在于促進相互理解。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“AfterreturningtoVenice,thebrothersplannedanotherjourneytothecourtofKublaiKhan.Thistime,theywouldbringNiccolo’sson,Marco,whowasaboywhenhisfatherlastsawhimtenyearsbefore,wasnow17yearsold.AfterthreeandahalfyearsoftravellingthroughCentralAsia,thePoloseventuallyreachedtheirroyaldestination.Marco,thenaged21,becameoneofthefewtobereceivedbyKublaiKhanathissummerpalace.Duringtheir17yearsofstayinChina,Marcowassentonmanyjourneysaroundthecountryanditsneighboringlands.WhenthetimecametoreturntoEurope,thePolos’seavoyagehomewasanotherjourney,takingthemthroughtheSouthChinaSea,Vietnam,Malaysia,SumatraandSriLanka.(回到威尼斯后，兄弟倆計劃再次前往忽必烈汗的宮廷。這一次，他們將帶上尼科洛的兒子馬可，自從十年前父親上次見到他時還是個男孩，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)17歲了。經(jīng)過三年半的中亞旅行，波羅一家最終到達了他們的皇家目的地。當(dāng)時21歲的馬可成為了少數(shù)被忽必烈汗在其夏宮接見的人之一。在他們在中國停留的17年里，馬可被派往全國各地及其鄰國進行了許多旅行。當(dāng)返回歐洲的時間到來時，波羅一家回家的海上旅程是另一段旅程，他們穿越了南海、越南、馬來西亞、蘇門答臘和斯里蘭卡)”可知，第三段主要講述的是馬可·波羅在中國及周邊游歷的過程，為他日后寫書提供了素材，也是他游記的來源和靈感。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Whiletravelers’talesfromtheancientSilkRoadhadbeendistributedbefore,thewealthofinformationMarcoprovidedonChinaanditssurroundinglandswasunparalleledatthetime.(雖然古代絲綢之路的旅行者故事之前已經(jīng)傳播開來，但馬可提供的關(guān)于中國及其周邊地區(qū)的豐富信息在當(dāng)時是無與倫比的)”可知，《馬可?波羅游記》廣受歡迎的因素是它包含了當(dāng)時人們之前所不了解的關(guān)于東方的信息。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“InformationfromTheTravelswasusefulinimprovingmapsofEastAsia,whichfedtraderelations.ThisknowledgefueledagrowingcuriosityabouttheworldasEuropemovedintotheRenaissanceandtheAgeofDiscoverytowardtheendofthe1400s.(《游記》中的信息有助于改進東亞地圖，這促進了貿(mào)易關(guān)系。隨著歐洲進入文藝復(fù)興時期和15世紀(jì)末的大航海時代，這些知識激發(fā)了人們對世界日益增長的好奇心)”可知，《馬可?波羅游記》中的相關(guān)知識塑造了歐洲關(guān)于東亞的認(rèn)知。故選B。CArmedconflictsareknowntoimpacthumanssignificantly,buttheireffectsonanimalshaveoftenbeenunderestimated.ArecentstudyinCurrentBiologyemphasizedthatthemigrationandreproductionoftheendangeredGreaterSpottedEaglemayhavebeeninfluencedbytheUkrainecrisis.TheGreaterSpottedEagleislistedasendangeredontheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature’sredlist.TheymigratethroughUkrainebetweenwinteringareasinsouthernEuropeandEastAfricaandkeybreedinggroundsinsouthernBelarusinspring.Theresearchteamstudied19migratingGPStaggedGreaterSpottedEaglesinMarchandAprilof2022.Theflightaltitudeduringthisperiodwasrelativelylow,about350meters,exposingthemtoregionsofintensehumanconflicts.Theirdatasuggestedthatincreasedmilitaryactivitylikejets,tanksandotherweaponscoulddisturbtheeagles.Whenexposedtosuchevents,theeaglesmightchangetheirflightpathtoescape.TheresearchersfoundthatwhilemigratingthroughUkraine,theeaglesdeviated10percentmorefromthepreviousrouteparedtothepastfewyears,whichresultedinlongermigrationdistances.Also,thebirdsmadeabout60percentfewerstopsduringthemigration.Humanconflictscanaffecttheeagle’sdecisionsaboutwhentotakebreaksduringtheirjourney,leadingthemtochoosetokeepmovingevenwhentheymightneedtorest.Morenotably,theeagles,whichbreedrelativelyslowly,facedisturbancethatimpactschickcareandbreedingsuccess.“Armedconflictscanhavewideranginginfluenceontheenvironment,includingchangesinanimalbehavior,”saidCharlieRussell,aresearcherfromtheUniversityofEastAnglia,UK,inastatementtothejournalCell.Russelstatedthatanimalshavelongbeenharmedbyhumanarmedconflictsandmilitaryactivities.Forexample,duringtheSudaneseCivilWarbetween1983and2005SouthSudan’selephantpopulationfellfrom100,000to5,000.Alargenumberofanimalprotectionorganizationshavecarriedoutdisasterreliefworktorescue,feed,treatandsupportanimalsduringconflicts.However,veryfewhavetheresourcestotackletherootproblems.Internationalhumanitarianlawlacksclearrulestorelieveanimalsufferinginarmedconflicts.8.HowdidarmedconflictsaffectGreaterSpottedEagle?A.Bychangingtheirbehaviors. B.Bydestroyingtheirlivingenvironment.C.Bybreakingtheireatinghabits. D.Byhurtingtheirbodieswithweapons.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deviated”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Soughtfor. B.Setout. C.Spedup. D.Keptaway.10.Whatcanpeopledotoprotecttheanimalsinthefuture?A.Raisepublicawareness. B.Gainfinancialsupport.C.Improverelevantlaws. D.Usenewtechnology.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Animalscaughtupinwars B.CaresprovidedtoanimalsC.Conflictsbroughtbyanimals D.Measurestakenaboutanimalcrisis【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。以烏克蘭戰(zhàn)爭對于瀕危物種大斑雕數(shù)量的影響為例，介紹了戰(zhàn)爭對動物的影響?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。文章第三段“Theirdatasuggestedthatincreasedmilitaryactivitylikejets,tanksandotherweaponscoulddisturbtheeagles.Whenexposedtosuchevents,theeaglesmightchangetheirflightpathtoescape.TheresearchersfoundthatwhilemigratingthroughUkraine,theeagles

deviated10percentmorefromthepreviousrouteparedtothepastfewyears,whichresultedinlongermigrationdistances.(他們的數(shù)據(jù)表明，噴氣式飛機、坦克和其他武器等軍事活動的增加可能會擾亂這種雕。當(dāng)遇到這種情況時，雕可能會改變飛行路線以逃避。)”以及第四段中“Also,thebirdsmadeabout60percentfewerstopsduringthemigration.Humanconflictscanaffecttheeagle’sdecisionsaboutwhentotakebreaksduringtheirjourney,leadingthemtochoosetokeepmovingevenwhentheymightneedtorest.(此外，鳥類在遷徙過程中停留的時間減少了約60%。人類的沖突會影響雕在旅途中何時休息的決定，導(dǎo)致它們選擇繼續(xù)前進，即使它們可能需要休息。)”可知，武裝沖突對大斑雕造成很大影響，改變了它們的行為。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Whenexposedtosuchevents,theeaglesmightchangetheirflightpathtoescape.(當(dāng)遇到這種情況時，鷹可能會改變飛行路線以逃避。)”和畫線句“TheresearchersfoundthatwhilemigratingthroughUkraine,theeaglesdeviated10percentmorefromthepreviousrouteparedtothepastfewyears,whichresultedinlongermigrationdistances.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在穿越烏克蘭的遷徙過程中，與過去幾年相比，這些雕deviated之前路線的10%，這導(dǎo)致了更長的遷徙距離。)”可知，當(dāng)暴露在各種戰(zhàn)事中，大斑雕會改變遷徙的路線逃避危險，從而導(dǎo)致飛行的路線變長，由此可推斷，武裝沖突使雕偏離原來的遷徙路線，劃線詞deviated意思是“偏離”，與keptaway意思相近，故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句“Internationalhumanitarianlawlacksclearrulestorelieveanimalsufferinginarmedconflicts.(國際人道主義法缺乏明確的規(guī)則來減輕武裝沖突中動物的痛苦。)”可知，法律缺乏清晰的規(guī)定去保護武裝沖突中受困的動物，由此可推知，未來人們可以改善相關(guān)法律來保護這些動物需要。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“Armedconflictsareknowntoimpacthumanssignificantly,buttheireffectsonanimalshaveoftenbeenunderestimated.ArecentstudyinCurrentBiologyemphasizedthatthemigrationandreproductionoftheendangeredGreaterSpottedEaglemayhavebeeninfluencedbytheUkrainecrisis.(眾所周知，武裝沖突對人類的影響很大，但對動物的影響往往被低估?！懂?dāng)代生物學(xué)》雜志最近的一項研究強調(diào)，瀕臨滅絕的大斑雕的遷徙和繁殖可能受到烏克蘭危機的影響。)”并通讀全文可知，本文以烏克蘭戰(zhàn)爭影響大斑雕遷徙和繁殖從而導(dǎo)致其數(shù)量急劇下降為例，聚焦于戰(zhàn)爭對動物的影響，故A項“卷入戰(zhàn)爭的動物”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。DTheartificialintelligence(AI)industryisprojectedtoreachavalueof$407billionby2027.However,itsrapiddevelopmentraisesethicalconcerns,particularlyregardingthetreatmentofdatalabelers.Withouttheseworkers,productslikeChatGPTwouldn’texist.DatalabelersplayakeyroleinhelpingAIsystems“l(fā)earn”.Asthenamesuggests,datalabelinginvolvesassigninglabelstorawdatasuchasimages,videosortextsothatAlsystemscanrecognizepatternsandmakepredictions.Forexample,autonomousvehiclesdependonlabeledvideostodifferentiatebetweenpedestriansandroadsigns,whilelargelanguagemodelslikeChatGPTrequirelabeledtexttointerprethumanlanguage.Despitetheiressentialrole,labelersareoftenexploited.AImodelscancosttensofmillionsofdollarstodevelop,sotechgiantslikeGoogleandMicrosoftoutsourcemuchofthedatalabelingworktofactoriesindevelopingcountrieswhereworkersarepaidunfairlylowwages.Forinstance,datalabelersinVenezuelatypicallyearnbetween$0.90to$2perhourwhereastheircounterpartsintheUSearn$10to$25perhour.Somepaniesevenemploychildrenforthistask.Theworkingconditionsarealsopoor.Manydatalabelersarecrowdedintodusty,unsaferoomsthatposehealthrisks.Moreover,theyoftenlackbasicsocialprotectionssuchashealthcare.Datalabelingcanalsobementallyexhaustingduetorepetitivetasks,tightdeadlinesandstrictqualitycontrols.Workersaresometimesrequiredtoreadandlabelhatespeechorotherabusivecontentwhichcanharmtheirmentalhealth.Additionally,labelersoftenhavenoaccesstoperformancedataandareunabletodefendthemselvesintheeventofwagecutsorjoblosses.TheseissueshavebeesoseriousthatinMaynearly100datalabelersandAIworkersinKenyapublishedanopenlettertoUSPresidentJoeBiden,declaringthat“ourworkingconditionsamounttomoderndayslavery”.TheurgentneedformoreethicalAlsupplychainsisclear.paniesmustimplementfairwagepoliciesthatreflectthevalueoflabelers’contributions.Governmentsshouldintroduceregulationspromotingfairnessandtransparencyinperformanceevaluationsanddataprocessing.AsAlusers,wecanalladvocateforethicalpracticesbysupportingpaniesthatarefrankabouttheirsupplychainsandtreattheirworkersfairly.12.WhatisthekeyroleofdatalabelersinAIindustry?A.TheyanalysedatatotrainAIsystems. B.TheyprogramAImodelsforlanguagetasks.C.TheyassistAIsystemtoidentifypatterns. D.Theyrecognizepatternsandmakepredictions.13.Whichisachallengedatalabelersmayface?A.Leakagesofpersonalinformation. B.LackofprofessionaltrainingC.Limitedaccesstoinformation D.Athreattopsychologicalhealth14.WhydiddatalabelersinKenyapublishanopenlettertoUSPresidentJoeBiden?A.Toplainabouthatespeech. B.TorequirebetterworkingconditionsC.Todefendtheirrightsascitizens D.Todeclaretheirwagescutsandjobloss15.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.TointroducethebasictasksdatalabelersdoB.ToadvocatebetteringthewelfareofdatalabelersC.Torevealhowdatalabelersrelievetheirworkpressure.D.TointerprettheimportancedatalabelersattachtoAIindustry.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了當(dāng)代AI行業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)簽員的工作性質(zhì)和工作條件，并呼吁改善其糟糕的工作條件并關(guān)注他們的身心健康?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asthenamesuggests,datalabelinginvolvesassigninglabelstorawdatasuchasimages,videosortextsothatAlsystemscanrecognizepatternsandmakepredictions.(正如名字所示，數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)注涉及給原始數(shù)據(jù)——如圖像、視頻或文本——分配標(biāo)簽，以便人工智能系統(tǒng)能夠識別模式并進行預(yù)測。)”可知，數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)簽員主要職責(zé)是給數(shù)據(jù)貼標(biāo)簽來幫助AI系統(tǒng)識別不同的東西。故選C項。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Workersaresometimesrequiredtoreadandlabelhatespeechorotherabusivecontentwhichcanharmtheirmentalhealth.(工人們有時需要閱讀并標(biāo)記仇恨言論或其他辱罵性內(nèi)容，這可能會損害他們的心理健康。)”可知，數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)簽員面臨各種各樣的問題，其中之一是心理健康可能受到威脅。故選D項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“TheseissueshavebeesoseriousthatinMaynearly100datalabelersandAIworkersinKenyapublishedanopenlettertoUSPresidentJoeBiden,declaringthat“ourworkingconditionsamounttomoderndayslavery”.(這些問題已經(jīng)變得如此嚴(yán)重，以至于在五月，肯尼亞近100名數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)注員和人工智能工作者發(fā)表了一封致美國總統(tǒng)喬·拜登的公開信，宣稱“我們的工作條件相當(dāng)于現(xiàn)代奴隸制”。)”可知，數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)簽員在抗議他們的工作條件堪比當(dāng)代奴隸制，言下之意是表達對目前工作環(huán)境不滿，要求改善。故選B項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題，根據(jù)第一段“However,itsrapiddevelopmentraisesethicalconcerns,particularlyregardingthetreatmentofdatalabelers.(然而，人工智能的快速發(fā)展引發(fā)了倫理問題，特別是關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)注員的待遇問題。)”及全文可知，本文是通過展現(xiàn)目前數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)簽員被壓榨的現(xiàn)狀來呼吁各界關(guān)注并改善其福祉。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Iamsomewhatahardworkingwomananddon’tliketofailatest.___16___IbecamehorriblewhenafriendandItookanonlinepersonalitytesttodeterminelevelsofoptimismandI’msadderthanEeyore,apessimisticcartoonfigure!Ihadassumedthat,asanoptimistlikePooh,anothercartoonfigure,Isawthebestinpeople,happierthanpessimists.Therewasnoreasontosuggestthiswastrue,butsodeeplydidIbelieveitthatIfeltashamedofmytest.Itriedtojustifytheresulttomyfriend:itwasabadweek;theweatherwasdepressing.___17___However,mypoorselfkeptmeexplaininguntilmyfriendputmeoutofmypain.Pessimismandoptimismarejustastateofbeingandwecanmovebetweenthetwo.Apparently,therearethreethingstothinkabouthere.First,howpersonallydoyoutakethings?Ifafriendisinabadmood,doyousupposeitistodowithyou,orthatthey’rejustabitupsetthatday?___18___Second,howmonisafeelingforyou?Ifsomethinggoeswrong,doyouseeitasasingleincident,orasignthatmorebadluckwillfollow?Eeyoreseeamissedmorningalarmasadarksignfortheentireday.Finally,howpermanentdoyouthinkasituationis?Poohsbelieveinthesaying,“Thistooshallpass.”___19___Istartedtoseehowmycurrentviewoftheworldwasmakingmeapessimist.IknowIcantakethingspersonallybut,whenItookthetest,IwasburntoutatworkandfeelinglikeIwaslettingeveryonedown.So,howtochange?IstartedsmallwhenIwasfeelingunhappyinasituation,I’daskmyself,“___20___”Irepeatedthesayingandchosetobelieveinhope,becausethat’swhatoptimistsdo.A.Itisofgreatinterest.B.HowwouldaPoohseethis?C.IadmittedIwasarealistnotapessimist.D.Thus,youcanimaginemyanxietyoverit.E.WhatwouldEeyorethinkofthissituation?F.ButEeyorebelieveabadsituationwillstaythewayforever.GOptimistsfavorthelatterandknowthey’renotresponsibleforeverythingallaround【答案】16.D17.C18.G19.F20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇關(guān)于個人性格測試和樂觀與悲觀態(tài)度的反思性文章。作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷探討了如何從悲觀主義者轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闃酚^主義者，并提供了一些思考和行動上的建議?！?6題詳解】上文提到“Iamsomewhatahardworkingwomananddon’tliketofailatest.(我是一個相當(dāng)勤奮的女性，不喜歡考試失敗。)”，作者不喜歡失敗，所以她會恐懼失敗，D項“Thus,youcanimaginemyanxietyoverit.(因此，你可以想象我對此事的焦慮。)”緊隨其后，表達了作者對測試結(jié)果的焦慮，符合題意。故選D?！?7題詳解】上文提到“Itriedtojustifytheresulttomyfriend:itwasabadweek;theweatherwasdepressing.(我試圖向朋友解釋測試結(jié)果，稱這是糟糕的一周，天氣令人沮喪。)”，作者將這些失敗歸結(jié)于客觀情況，C項“IadmittedIwasarealistnotapessimist.(我承認(rèn)我是一個現(xiàn)實主義者，而不是悲觀主義者。)”與上文相呼應(yīng)，作者承認(rèn)自己是一個現(xiàn)實主義者而不是悲觀主義者，這是她對測試結(jié)果的另一種解釋，符合題意。故選C。【18題詳解】上文提到一個問題“Ifafriendisinabadmood,doyousupposeitistodowithyou,orthatthey’rejustabitupsetthatday?(如果一個朋友心情不好，你認(rèn)為這與你有關(guān)，還是他們那天只是有點心煩？)”，這里出現(xiàn)了兩個選項，G項“Optimistsfavorthelatterandknowthey’renotresponsibleforeverythingallaround(樂觀主義者傾向于后者，并知道他們不必為周圍的一切負(fù)責(zé)。)”與上文相呼應(yīng)，指出樂觀主義者傾向于后者，符合題意。故選G?！?9題詳解】上文提到了“Finally,howpermanentdoyouthinkasituationis?Poohsbelieveinthesaying,“Thistooshallpass.”(最后，你感覺一個情況能持續(xù)多久？維尼相信那句諺語“一切都會過去”)”，這里提出了一種樂觀的態(tài)度，F(xiàn)項“ButEeyorebelieveabadsituationwillstaythewayforever.(但是屹耳相信壞情況會永遠持續(xù)下去。)”與上文相呼應(yīng)，這里的悲觀態(tài)度和上文形成對比，符合題意。故選F?！?0題詳解】上文提到“Istartedtoseehowmycurrentviewoftheworldwasmakingmeapessimist.(我開始意識到自己對世界的看法讓她成為一個悲觀主義者。)”，作者開始嘗試改變。B項“HowwouldaPoohseethis?(維尼會如何看待這個情況呢？)”與上文相呼應(yīng)，表明作者在感到不快樂時會問自己，如果是Pooh會如何看待這種情況，這是她轉(zhuǎn)變思維的一種方式，符合題意。故選B。第三部分：語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。LivinginChinaasanAustraliancanmakeyoufeelfarfromhome.ButonthelastSaturdayofSeptemberthisyear,italmostfeltlikeIwasbackinAustralia.Thatdayisa___21___partofAustralianculture.ItwastheAustralianFootballLeague(AFL)grandfinal.Iwas___22___towatchitattheAustralianembassyinBeijingwithfriends.We___23___ourteamcolorsandenjoyedclassicAustralianfoodlikepiesandsausagerolls.Therewaslotsoflaughterandconversationallaround.Weevenhada“chookraffle”,atypicalAustralianlottery(抽獎)wherethe___24___wasafrozenchicken.Theatmosphereintheroomwas___25___despitebeingthousandsofkilometersawayfromthe___26___wherethefinalwasheld.Theonlydownside?TheSydneySwans___27___againthisyearafterbeingdefeatedinthe2022final.FormanyAustralians,thesportismorethanjustagame.It’sdeeplyrootedinour___28___andmunity.Wegrowupwithitanditbringspeopletogetherlike___29___else.EveninChina,footyisaliveandwell.I’mpartoftheBeijingBombers,alocalfootyteamthat____30____everyone,womenandmen,youngandold.TherearealsothreeotherteamsacrossChinainShanghai,NanjingandGuangzhou.Eachyearweorganize____31____wheretheexcitementonthefieldismatchedbythefunof____32____afterthematches.Ihavetoadmit,though,Inever____33____playedAFLuntilIcametoChina!____34____inAdelaide,Iknewthebasicsbuthadneverjoinedagame.Forme,playingfootyherehasbeenextraspecial.It’shelpedmestayrelatedtomyAustralianrootswhilealsobuildingmeaningful____35____inChina.21.A.permanent B.significant C.practical D.reasonable22.A.lucky B.hesitant C.mistaken D.awkward23.A.received B.subscribed C.appointed D.wore24.A.prize B.result C.winner D.reward25.A.peaceful B.electric C.different D.tense26.A.avenue B.academy C.venue D.device27.A.won B.promised C.soared D.lost28.A.anticipation B.identity C.strategy D.vision29.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything30.A.structures B.examines C.surrounds D.weles31.A.movement B.assessments C.innovations D.tournaments32.A.quitting B.blaming C.socializing D.perceiving33.A.casually B.randomly C.actually D.seriously34.A.Wornout B.Broughtup C.Caughtup D.Calledon35.A.connections B.businesses C.regulations D.programs【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.B29.C30.D31.D32.C33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是一位澳大利亞人在中國的生活體驗，特別是參與澳式橄欖球活動如何幫助他連接故鄉(xiāng)文化，并在中國建立起珍貴的人際關(guān)系與社區(qū)歸屬感。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這一天是澳大利亞文化的重要組成部分。A.permanent永久的；B.significant重要的；C.practical實際的；D.reasonable合理的。根據(jù)下文“FormanyAustralians,thesportismorethanjustagame.”可知，對許多澳大利亞人來說，這項運動不僅僅是一項游戲，因此看這項運動總決賽的這一天是澳大利亞文化的重要組成部分。故選B。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很幸運能在澳大利亞駐北京大使館和朋友們一起觀看。A.lucky幸運的；B.hesitant猶豫的；C.