2025年浙江省中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：閱讀理解專題探究-主旨?xì)w納題

閱讀理解專題探究--主旨?xì)w納題一、核心素養(yǎng)考查點(diǎn)及常見設(shè)問方式主旨?xì)w納題主要考查學(xué)生圍繞書面語篇整體理解和簡要概括主要內(nèi)容的語言能力。語篇類型說明文,記敘文語篇主題人與社會(huì);人與自然;人與自我常見設(shè)問方式選擇最佳標(biāo)題、概括段落大意、歸納文章主旨等。【2024·浙江省中考B篇】WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?【2023·杭州中考C篇】Whatisthetextmainlyabout?【2023·臺(tái)州中考C篇】What’sParagraph2mainlyaboutinRob’sletter?【2023·紹興中考C篇】Paragraph2ismainlyaboutthe

ofconnectingwithothers.

【2023·紹興中考D篇】Paragraph3mainlyexplainswhy

.

【2023·金華中考C篇】WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?【2023·麗水中考C篇】WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?二、解題策略解題策略1鎖定段落主題句,關(guān)注高頻復(fù)現(xiàn)詞,選擇最佳標(biāo)題例1

【2023·舟山中考D篇】RogerFederer,aworld-famoussportsstar,quit(放棄)the2020OlympicGamestodealwithhiskneeproblem.Itwasaharddecisionbecausenoonewantedtobeaquitter.Butfindingthecouragetoletgocanbegoodforyou.

Nothingisfunallthetime.Stickingatsomethingdifficultteachesusimportantskillslikeperseverance(毅力).However,learningtoletgowhenthingsaren’trightisimportanttoo.Maybeyourheartisn’tinplayingthepianoanymore,oryouonlyplayfootballbecauseyourfriendsdoandyouwanttotryadifferentsportinstead.Makingthedecisiontowalkawaycanfreeuptimeandenergytospendonsomethingyoureallyenjoy.Infact,studiesshowthatlettinggoofgoalsyoucan’treachordon’treallywant,canbuildupyourconfidenceandhelpyouleadahappierandhealthierlife.Buthowcanyouknowit’stimetostopandmoveon?EricBeanisanexpertinsportspsychology(心理學(xué))whohelpsathletesandteamsunderstandtheirfeelings.Hesays,“Quittingisneveramatterofblackandwhite.”Hesuggeststhinkingcarefullyaboutwhyyouaren’tenjoyingsomethinganymore.Isitbecauseyou’vearguedwithateammateorcan’tgetonwithanewartteacher?Talkaboutthiswithatrustedadultorfriend.Thatcanhelpyoudecidewhetheryoushouldstayandstick,orquitandmoveon.

Quittingdoesn’thavetomeantotallygivingup,though.Forexample,playinganinstrumentmightbemorefunifyoutakeawaythepressureofexams.Ifyoudodecidetogiveupanactivity,Beansuggestspickingupanotherwhereyoucanstillenjoythingsliketeamwork,creativityandexercise.30.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.KnowingWhentoStopB.WorkingHardtoMoveonC.LearningHowtoGrowupD.StartingEarlytoMakeChanges【解題指導(dǎo)】

①快速瀏覽全文,重點(diǎn)關(guān)注每段主題句。主題句往往是每段首句或尾句,或however,but,though,yet等轉(zhuǎn)折詞引導(dǎo)的句子。

第一段:Butfindingthecouragetoletgocanbegoodforyou.

第二段:However,learningtoletgowhenthingsaren’trightisimportanttoo.

第三段:Buthowcanyouknowit’stimetostopandmoveon?

第四段:Quittingdoesn’thavetomeantotallygivingup,though.

②關(guān)注主題句中的高頻復(fù)現(xiàn)詞,整體把握文章主旨,確定最佳標(biāo)題。

由以上主題句可推斷出,本文作者重在表達(dá)適時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)放棄不恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇,換個(gè)途徑重新開始的重要性。故A選項(xiàng)“KnowingWhenToStop(知道何時(shí)停止)”為正確答案。B選項(xiàng)“WorkingHardtoMoveon(堅(jiān)持繼續(xù)往前走)”與文本主旨背離,C選項(xiàng)“LearningHowtoGrowup(學(xué)會(huì)如何成長)”和D選項(xiàng)“StartingEarlytoMakeChanges(趁早改變)”都不夠貼切,故答案選A。解題策略2讀出作者“重點(diǎn)”,歸納主旨

例2

【2023·麗水中考C篇】Seagrass,anunderwaterplantthatgrowsontheoceanfloor,isveryimportantforsealife.Italsohelpspreventglobalwarmingbystoringcarbon,aharmfulgas.However,scientistsdon’tknowexactlyhowmuchseagrassisatthebottomoftheocean.Withthehelpoftigersharks,ateamofresearchershasdiscoveredtheworld’slargestmeadow(grassland)ontheseafloorneartheBahamas.Seagrassmeadowsarehometomanydifferentkindsoffish,shellfish,andsoon.Largeseaanimals,suchassharks,alsospendalotoftimetherelookingforfood.Seagrasscangrowinverydeepanddarkwater,makingitdifficulttofind.Butsharkscandivedeepintothewaterandgettotheareaspeoplecannotreach.AfternoticingtigersharksswimmingthroughseagrassofftheBahamas,anAmericanscientistworkedwithaseagrassexpert,tryingtomapthelocationsoftheplants.Theresearchersfittedseventigersharkswithcamera.Sincetigersharksswimingroups,theyplacedsatellitetrackingtag(衛(wèi)星跟蹤器)oneightothersharkstofindoutexactlywheretheanimalsswam.Theycollectedhoursofvideosofthetigersharksswimmingthroughseagrass.TheresearchersfoundmoreseagrassgrowingneartheBahamasthantheyexpected—infact,theybelievethatthereismoreseagrasstherethananywhereelseonEarth.Thenewfindingincreasedthetotalnumberofseagrassknowntoexistby41%.However,moreresearchisneededtodiscoverthetruesizeoftheseagrassmeadow.Scientistsoftendependonfindingsfromdiversandboatstostudyabouttheunderwaterworld,butthisteamfoundthatworkingwithanimalsimprovedtheirunderstanding.TheyarenowplacingcamerasonseaturtlestostudyseagrassintheRedSea.Hopefully,moremysteriesaboutseagrasswillbesolved.25.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thereasonforthestudy.B.Themethodtodotheresearch.C.Thefindingoftheresearch.D.Thedifficultyincarryingoutthestudy.【解題指導(dǎo)】

①快速瀏覽全文,獲取文本大意。本文主要介紹了一個(gè)科學(xué)團(tuán)隊(duì)如何利用虎鯊對(duì)海洋底部的海草分布情況進(jìn)行研究,并說明了該項(xiàng)研究的具體發(fā)現(xiàn)和意義。

②閱讀問題可知,該題考查第四段的段落大意,需要仔細(xì)閱讀該段每句話的“重點(diǎn)”。根據(jù)found,believe,Thenewfinding,discover等詞,不難歸納此段重在描述該項(xiàng)研究的發(fā)現(xiàn),因此答案選C。解題策略3基于選項(xiàng),代入作者思維,回文驗(yàn)證

例3

【2023·杭州中考C篇】Cyclocrossiscross-countrybicycleracing.Racersspendonlypartofaraceontheirbikesbecauseonlypartofthetwo-mileraceissmooth.Otherpartsoftheracehavethechallengeofobstacles(障礙).Whenracersreachthem,theycanrideoverthem,orpickuptheirbikesandrun.Tobeatopracer,youmustdismountwithoutslowingdownatall.Todothis,swingyourrightlegoverthebikeseat.Atthesametime,movethebikeawayfromyourbody.Thismakesroomforyourrightfoottohitthegroundnexttoyourleftfoot.Asyourrightfootnearstheground,takeyourleftfootawayfromthebike.Putbothfeetonthegroundandstartrunning!Assoonasyouarerunning,youhavetodecidewhattodowithyourbike.Youmayshoulderitorliftit.It’simportanttopracticebothskills.Sometimesyouneedtorunfastandjumpoversomeobstacles.Asyourfeethittheground,youreachdownandcatchthebottomofyourbike.Liftupcarefullyandkeepthebikeonyourrightshoulderwhileyourun.Sometimesyoumayliftyourbike.Youcatchthetopofyourbike.Thenyouliftthebikehighenoughtogetovertheobstaclesandcarefullyputthebikeontheground.Afteryouhavecarriedyourbikeacrossanobstacle,youwillneedtoremount.Assoonasyourbikeisontheground,pushoffwithyourleftleg,swingyourrightlegoverthebikeseat,andmoveintoridingposition.Remountingcanbethehardestskillofcyclocross.Youcanlearnbywatchingsomeonewhoremountswell.Cyclocrossisagreatwaytostayactiveandhavefun.However,itcanbedangerous.Makesurethatyouarewellprepared.Then,youwilljustneedtogo!11.Whatisthetext