專題07 閱讀理解（說明文）-學(xué)易金卷：三年（2021-2023）中考英語真題分項(xiàng)匯編（江蘇專用）（解析版）

專題07閱讀理解（說明文）學(xué)易金卷：三年（2021—2023）中考英語真題分項(xiàng)匯編（江蘇專用）（2023·江蘇無錫·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Petparrotsthatareallowedtomakevideocallstootherbirdsshowsignsoffeelinglessisolated,accordingtoscientists.Thestudy,whichinvolvedgivingthebirdsacomputerthattheycouldusetomakevideocalls,foundthattheybegantoengageinmoresocialbehaviorsincludingpreening,singingandplaying.Thebirdsweregivenachoiceofwhich“friend”tocallonatouchscreencomputerandthestudyshowedthattheparrotsthatcalledotherbirdsmostoftenwerethemostpopularchoices.IlyenaHirskyj-Douglas,oftheUniversityofGlasgowandaco-authorofthestudy,saidthatvideocallshadhelpedmanypeoplefeellessisolatedinthelastfewyears.Sheadded,“Thereare20millionparrotslivinginpeople’shomesintheUSA,andwewantedtoexplorewhetherthosebirdsmightbenefit(受益)fromvideocallingtoo.Ifwegavethemthechancetocallotherparrots,wouldtheychoosetodoso,andwouldtheexperiencebenefittheparrotsandtheircaregivers?”Theirstudyof18petparrotssuggestedthattherewere,indeed,benefitsforthebirds.Inthewild,manyspeciesofparrotsliveinlargegroups,butaspetstheyare,keptaloneorinasmallgroup.Livingalonecancausebirds,todevelopmentalproblems,whichincluderocking,walkingbackandforth,orself-harmingbehaviorssuchasfeather-plucking.Theparrotsfirstlearnedtoringabellandthentouchaphotoofanotherbirdonthescreenofacomputertomakeacalltothatbird,withthehelpoftheirowners.Intotalthebirdsmade147callstoeachotherduringthestudy,whileownerstookdetailednotesonthebirds’behaviorandtheresearcherslaterreviewedthevideofootage.JenniferCunhaofNortheasternUniversitysaidthattheparrots“seemedtoknow”thattheywerecommunicatingwithotherbirds.“Allthebirdownersinthestudysaidtheyvaluedtheexperience,andwouldwanttocontinueusingthesystemwiththeirparrotsinthefuture,”shesaid.“Iwasquitesurprisedatsomanydifferentbehaviors,”saidHirskyj-Douglas.“Somewouldsing,somewouldplayaroundandgoupsidedown,otherswouldwanttoshowanotherbirdtheirtoys.”1．Themainpurposeofthestudyistofindout_________.A．ifparrotscanlearntomakevideocalls B．ifparrotscanbenefitfromvideocallingC．whyparrotscanhavesomanybenefit D．whyparrotscandevelopmentalproblems2．Whatcanwelearnaboutthepetparrots?A．Theirwaytocommunicateissinging. B．Mostofthemusedtoliveinlargegroups.C．Themostpopularonesmademostcalls. D．Theycanmakevideocallsbythemselves.3．Whichwordhastheclosestmeaningto“isolated”?A．a(chǎn)mazed B．calm C．scared D．lonely4．Thefollowingparagraphcanbestgoafter________.Videocallingcouldreproducesomeofthesocialbenefitsoflivinginagroup,accordingtoRébeccaKleinberger,ofNortheasternUniversityandfirstauthorofthestudy.A．Paragraph1 B．Paragraph2 C．Paragraph3 D．Paragraph4【答案】1．B2．C3．D4．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹研究人員使用視頻通話幫助寵物鸚鵡擺脫孤獨(dú)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thereare20millionparrotslivinginpeople’shomesintheUSA,andwewantedtoexplorewhetherthosebirdsmightbenefit(受益)fromvideocallingtoo.”可知，在美國，有2000萬只鸚鵡生活在人們的家中，我們想探索一下這些鸚鵡是否也能從視頻通話中受益。由此可知，這項(xiàng)研究的主要目的是找出鸚鵡是否能從視頻通話中受益。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“thestudyshowedthattheparrotsthatcalledotherbirdsmostoftenwerethemostpopularchoices”可知，研究表明，最常叫其他鳥類的鸚鵡是最受歡迎的選擇。由此可知，最受歡迎的打了最多的電話。故選C。3．詞句猜測題。分析“Petparrotsthatareallowedtomakevideocallstootherbirdsshowsignsoffeelinglessisolated”可知，被允許與其他鳥類進(jìn)行視頻通話的寵物鸚鵡顯示出感覺不那么孤立的跡象，此處isolated的意思是“孤立的”，故選D。4．推理判斷題。分析“Videocallingcouldreproducesomeofthesocialbenefitsoflivinginagroup,accordingtoRébeccaKleinberger,ofNortheasternUniversityandfirstauthorofthestudy.東北大學(xué)的麗貝卡·克萊因伯格是這項(xiàng)研究的第一作者，她表示視頻通話可以再現(xiàn)群體生活的一些社會效益。”可知，本句介紹的是該研究中視頻通話的效益，與第四段結(jié)尾“Livingalonecancausebirds,todevelopmentalproblems,whichincluderocking,walkingbackandforth,orself-harmingbehaviorssuchasfeather-plucking.”語境相符，邏輯相連。故選D。（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thescientificmethodisusedforsimpleexperimentsthatstudentsmaydointheclassroomorverydifficultexperimentsthatscientistsaredoingallovertheworld.Itisawayofthinkingthathelpsyoutoavoiddrawingincorrectconclusions.Thereareusuallyfourstepsinthescientificmethod,includingobservation(觀察),hypothesis(假設(shè)),experiment,andconclusion.Thestepsmaynotalwaysbecompletedinthesameorder,butthefirststepisusuallyobservationandaskingaquestionaboutyourobservation.Forexample,youhadasickstomach,andateacandybar.Anhourlater,youobservedthatyoufeltmuchbetter.Here,youcanaskaquestion,suchas,“Whatmakesasickstomachfeelbetter?”Thesecondstepistostateapossibleanswertothequestion,orahypothesis,suchas“”Agoodhypothesisincludesthreethings:Theexplanationfortheobservations,itisabletobetested,anditwillusuallypredictnewoutcomesorconclusions.Thethirdstepistheexperiment,totestthehypothesis.Anexperimentisatestwhichwilleitherchallengeorsupportthehypothesis.Thehypothesiswillthenbetrueorfalse.Thefinalstepistothinkaboutwhathappenedwhenyoutestedthehypothesisanddrawaconclusion.Theconclusionwilleitherclearlysupportthehypothesisoritwillnot.Iftheresultssupportthehypothesis,aconclusioncanbewrittenandyoucanshareitwiththerestoftheworld.Ifitdoesnotsupportthehypothesis,youmaychoosetochangethehypothesisorwriteanewonebasedonwhatwaslearnedduringtheexperiment.5．Whichsentencebestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?A．Howdothefourbasicstepsinthescientificmethodwork?B．Whatmakesagoodhypothesisbasedontheobservation?C．Theconclusionwillalwaysclearlysupportthehypothesis.D．Learningthescientificmethodmayhelpstudentssucceedinscience.6．WhichsentenceshouldgointheemptyboxinParagraph3?A．Acandybarmakesasickstomachfeelbetter.B．Itwasthemedicineyoutookanhourearlierthatmadeyoufeelbetter.C．Eatacandybaragain,andseewhathappenstoyoursickstomach.D．Askpeopleifeatingacandybarhasmadeasickstomachfeelbetter.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto(指的是)?A．Thehypothesis. B．Theconclusion.C．Thequestion. D．Theobservation.8．WhichofthefollowingsentencesabouttheexperimentisTRUE?A．Anexperimentisatesttoalwayssupportthehypothesis.B．Anexperimentdoesnothavetobepartofthescientificmethod.C．Anexperimentisatesttoeitherchallengeorsupportahypothesis.D．Anexperimentisonlyusedwhenscientistsaretryingtoproveahypothesis.【答案】5．A6．A7．B8．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了基本科學(xué)方法包括四個步驟：觀察、假設(shè)、實(shí)驗(yàn)和結(jié)論。5．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了基本科學(xué)方法包括四個步驟：觀察、假設(shè)、實(shí)驗(yàn)和結(jié)論。選項(xiàng)A“科學(xué)方法的四個基本步驟是如何工作的？”最能表達(dá)出文章主旨。故選A。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Agoodhypothesisincludesthreethings:Theexplanationfortheobservations,itisabletobetested,anditwillusuallypredictnewoutcomesorconclusions.（一個好的假設(shè)包括三件事：對觀察結(jié)果的解釋，它能夠被檢驗(yàn)，它通常會預(yù)測新的結(jié)果或結(jié)論。）”可知A選項(xiàng)“一塊糖能讓惡心的胃感覺好一點(diǎn)。”是一個好的假設(shè)，是一個解釋，且能夠被檢驗(yàn)。故選A。7．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Theconclusionwilleitherclearlysupportthehypothesisoritwillnot.”可知此處“it”指代前面的“Theconclusion”，表示“結(jié)論要么明確地支持假設(shè)，要么結(jié)論不支持假設(shè)”。故選B。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Anexperimentisatestwhichwilleitherchallengeorsupportthehypothesis.”可知實(shí)驗(yàn)是一種挑戰(zhàn)或支持假設(shè)的測試。故選C。（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）Poemsplaywithsounds,words,andgrammar.Thatmakespoemsdifficulttowritebutveryinterestingtoread.Theyusecolours,feelings,experiences,andimagestopaintapictureinyourmind.Let’shavealookatthefollowingChineseclassicalpoem:OntheStorkTowerByWangZhihuanThesunalongthemountainbows,TheYellowRiverseawardsflows,Youcanenjoyagrandersight,Ifyouclimbtoagreaterheight,TranslatedbyXuYuanchongInChineseclassicalpoems,theformisveryimportant:thecorrectnumberoflinesandthenumberofwordsineachline.Poemsoftenfollowspecialmodelsofrhythm（節(jié)奏）andrhyme.However,modernpoetsbegintorejecttraditionalformsandstructures（結(jié)構(gòu)）forpoemsinthe20thcentury.Asaresult,mostpoemstodayarewritteninfreestyle,withlinesofdifferentlengths.TodaymanyChinesepeoplearebecomingmoreinterestedinreadingpoems,nomatterinwhatlanguagetheyarewritten.Translationscanbegood,butbeingabletoreadintheoriginal（最初的）languageisbest.9．WhatdothefirsttwolinesofthepoemOntheStorkTowershow?A．Love. B．Sights. C．History. D．Feelings.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reject”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Throwaway. B．Carryon. C．Agreewith. D．Takeup.11．Whatdoesthewriterofthepassageprobablybelieve?A．Itismucheasiertowriteclassicalpoemsthanmodernpoems.B．Peopleshoulddevelopthehabitofpaintingpicturesafterreadingpoems.C．Chineseclassicalpoemsshouldfollowfreestylewithlinesofdifferentlengths.D．Nomatterhowwellapoemistranslated,someofthespiritoftheoriginalworkislost.【答案】9．B10．A11．D【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了古詩和現(xiàn)代詩歌的特點(diǎn)。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thesunalongthemountainbows,TheYellowRiverseawardsflows”可知，《登鸛雀樓》的前兩行；白日依山盡，黃河入海流，介紹了美麗的景色。故選B。10．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“InChineseclassicalpoems,theformisveryimportant:thecorrectnumberoflinesandthenumberofwordsineachline.Poemsoftenfollowspecialmodelsofrhythm（節(jié)奏）andrhyme.”和“Asaresult,mostpoemstodayarewritteninfreestyle,withlinesofdifferentlengths.”可知，古代的詩歌形式是固定的，遵循特殊的節(jié)奏和韻律模式，而現(xiàn)代的詩歌都是自由式的，每一行詩長短不一。故可知現(xiàn)代詩人拒絕傳統(tǒng)的詩歌形式和結(jié)構(gòu)，劃線部分意為“拒絕，拋棄”，與Throwaway表達(dá)的意思相近。故選A。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Translationscanbegood,butbeingabletoreadintheoriginal（最初的）languageisbest.”可知，雖然詩歌翻譯過來很好，但是最好還是閱讀原文，可推知作者認(rèn)為一首詩翻譯得再好，也會失去原作的一些精神。故選D。（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）Youstandinagarden.Alownoisereachesyourears.Youseeasmallinsectflyingnearyourhead.Youturntolook,anditfliesoutofsight.Thereitisagain!Youmoveslowly.Youcanseeyellowandblackstripesonit.Isitabee?Itlandsonaflower,andyoutakeacloserlook.Beesfold(折疊)theirwingsontotheirbackswhentheystopflying.Butthisinsect’swingsreachoutlikeafly’s.That’sbecauseitisafly—aflowerfly.Manyflowerflieslooklikebees.Thishelpskeepthemsafefromanimalsthatmaywanttoeatthem.Insectswithyellowandblackstripesusuallyhavestingers(刺).Insecteaters,suchassomebirdsandfrogs,needtogetstungonlyoncetoknowthatstripesmeantrouble.Flowerfliescan’tsting,butinsecteatersseethestripesandleavethefliesalone.Flowerfliesspendmostoftheirtimelookingforfood.Likebees,flowerflieseatpollen(花粉)andnectar(花蜜).Thismakesthemeasytofindinagardenfullofflowers.Theyarehelpfulgardeninsectsjustlikebees.Adultflowerfliesmovepollenfromoneflowertoanother,whichhelpssomeflowersgrowintofruit.Flowerfliescanstayinoneplacewhileflying.Mostinsectsmoveforwardwhentheyfly.Butflowerfliescantwisttheirwings,muchlikehummingbirdsdo.Twistingkeepstheminoneplace,sotheycanremainoverflowers,leaves,orevenyou!12．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanweprobablyseethispassage?A．Nature. B．Culture. C．Fashion. D．Health.13．Inwhichwayarebeesandflowerfliesdifferent?A．Thefoodthattheyeat. B．Thecolouroftheirstripes.C．Thewaytheyhelpgardenflowersgrow. D．Theshapeofwingswhentheystopflying.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“l(fā)eavethefliesalone”inParagraph4mean?A．Makefriendswiththeflies. B．Eatthefliesup.C．Keepawayfromtheflies. D．Invitethefliesin.15．Whatmightthewriterofthepassageagreewith?A．Peopleusuallypreferbeestoflowerflies.B．Peoplesometimesmistakeflowerfliesforbees.C．Peopleshouldstopbirdseatingbeesandflowerflies.D．Peopleshouldhavebeautifulgardensintheirneighbourhood.【答案】12．A13．D14．C15．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了花蠅的外觀、生理構(gòu)造及生活習(xí)性等。12．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了花蠅的相關(guān)知識，應(yīng)該在雜志的“自然”部分看到此文章。故選A。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Beesfold(折疊)theirwingsontotheirbackswhentheystopflying.Butthisinsect’swingsreachoutlikeafly’s.That’sbecauseitisafly—aflowerfly.”可知，蜜蜂停止飛行時把翅膀疊在背上，但花蠅的翅膀卻是伸出來。故兩者的不同之處在于停止飛行時翅膀的形狀。故選D。14．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Insecteaters,suchassomebirdsandfrogs,needtogetstungonlyoncetoknowthatstripesmeantrouble.Flowerfliescan’tsting,butinsecteatersseethestripesandleavethefliesalone.”可知，帶有黃色和黑色條紋的昆蟲通常有刺，花蠅身上有黃黑條紋，雖然它身上沒有刺，但是一些以昆蟲為食的動物看到花蠅身上的條紋就會遠(yuǎn)離花蠅，故劃線部分意為“遠(yuǎn)離花蠅”。故選C。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Isitabee?Itlandsonaflower,andyoutakeacloserlook.”及“Manyflowerflieslooklikebees.”可知，花蠅的外觀和生活習(xí)性與蜜蜂有些相似，所以人們有時會把花蠅誤認(rèn)為蜜蜂。故選B。（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Familyisveryimportantforeveryone,nomatterwhereyouarefrom.SoinbothEastandWest,peoplehavefestivalstocelebratefamilyreunions(團(tuán)聚).ThesefestivalsincludetheMid-AutumnFestivalinChinaandThanksgivingDayintheUS.Howaretheycelebratedandwhatarethedifferences?Let’stakealook.SharingthemoonlightTheMid-AutumnFestivalisthesecondmostimportanttraditionalfestivalinChinaaftertheSpringFestival.It’sonthe15thdayoftheeighthmonthofChineselunarcalendar.InancientChina,thedaywasconsideredasaharvestfestivalsincefruits,vegetablesandgrain(谷物)hadbeencollectedfromthefields.Allthefamilygottogetherandhadabigdinner.Theyateaspecialfestivalfood-mooncakesandenjoyedthefullmoon.Onthatday,themoonisfull.ThefullmoonisasymbolforfamilyreunionswhichmeantuanyuaninChinese.Nowpeoplealsocelebratethefestivalbygettingtogetherandhavingabigdinner.Whenitgetsdark,peoplelookupatthefullmoon,eatingmooncakesandmissingfriendsandrelativeswhoarefarfromhome.“Wewisheachotheralonglifesoastosharethebeautyofthisgracefulmoonlight,eventhoughmilesapart!”wroteSuShi,afamousSongDynastypoet.ShowingthanksThanksgivingDayisoneofthebiggestholidaysintheUS.It’sonthefourthThursdayofNovember.Peoplevisittheirfriendsandrelativestoremindthemselvesthattheyareluckytohavehappiness,healthandfamilyandalsotohavearoofovertheirheads.In1621,about100Englishpeopletookaship,theMayflower,andarrivedinthenortheasternUS.Thewintertherewasverycoldandlifewashard.AstheAmericanIndianshelpedthemalot,theEnglishpeopleaskedthemtohaveabigmealwiththeninordertoexpresstheirthanks.Thecelebrationlastedforthreedays.Today,peopleusuallyhaveafamilymealonThanksgivingDay.Theyenjoydeliciousfoodsuchaspumpkinscornandabig,goldenturkey.Thereareothertraditionsontheday.Forexample,theturkeyhasaV-shapedboneinthebreast.It’scalledawishbone.Afterroasting(烤),twopersonseachtakeoneendofthebone.Theymakeawishandthenpullit.Ifonegetsthelargerpartofthebone,heorshewillgetgoodluck.ThemostimportantpartofThanksgivingDayistosay“thanks”—thisisthespiritoftheholiday.PeoplealsoliketowatchtheThanksgivingDayParadeonTV.16．WhydidpeoplecelebratetheMid-AutumnFestivalinancientChina?A．Becausepeoplecouldeatmooncakes.B．Becausepeopleenjoyedthefullmoon.C．Becausepeoplecouldgettogetherwithrelatives.D．Becausepeoplehadagoodharvestfromthefields.17．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“tohavearoofovertheirheads”inthepassageprobablymean?A．Tohavesomewheretolive. B．Tohavefoodtoeat.C．Tohavefriendstotalkto. D．Tohaveclothestowear.18．WhatisthespiritofThanksgivingDay?A．Topullthebone. B．ToplayAmericanfootball.C．Tosay“thanks”. D．TowatchtheParade.19．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thebackgroundtothetwofestivals. B．Theintroductiontothetwofestivals.C．Theactivitiesofthetwofestivals. D．Thecustomsofthetwofestivals.【答案】16．D17．A18．C19．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹中國和美國慶祝家庭團(tuán)聚的兩個節(jié)日——中秋節(jié)和感恩節(jié)。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InancientChina,thedaywasconsideredasaharvestfestivalsincefruits,vegetablesandgrain(谷物)hadbeencollectedfromthefields.”可知，在中國古代，這一天被認(rèn)為是豐收的節(jié)日，因?yàn)樗⑹卟撕凸任镆呀?jīng)從田地里收集起來了。故選D。17．詞句猜測題。分析“Peoplevisittheirfriendsandrelativestoremindthemselvesthattheyareluckytohavehappiness,healthandfamilyandalsotohavearoofovertheirheads.”可知，人們拜訪他們的朋友和親戚來提醒自己，他們是幸運(yùn)的，擁有幸福，健康和家庭，也有一個屋頂在他們的頭上。“havearoofovertheirheads”的意思是“有地方住”，故選A。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThemostimportantpartofThanksgivingDayistosay‘thanks’—thisisthespiritoftheholiday.”可知，感恩節(jié)最重要的部分是說“謝謝”——這是這個節(jié)日的精神。故選C。19．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹中國和美國慶祝家庭團(tuán)聚的兩個節(jié)日——中秋節(jié)和感恩節(jié)，故選B。（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下列內(nèi)容,從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出一個最佳答案。Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinbiodiversityprotection.BuildinganationalparksystemisoneofthegreatestjobsthatChinahasdonesofar.InOctober2021,China’sfirstfivenationalparksweredesignated(認(rèn)定).Theyarehometonearly30%oftheearth’skeywildlifespecies(物種)foundinChina,coveringaprotectedlandareaof230,000squarekilometers.Thistablewillinformyouofthefirstfivenationalparks—China’streasuresinnature.NortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalParkLocations:HeilongjiangandJilinprovincesLandscapes:Mountains,hills,andvalleysRepresentativespecies:Siberiantiger,Amurleopard(豹)Progress:Increasingpopulationofprotectedanimalspeciesfromtheyearof2015to2022—Siberiantigers:27→50;Amurleopards:42→60SanjiangyuanNationalParkLocations:QinghaiProvinceandXizangAutonomousRegionLandscapes:Glaciers,snow-cappedmountains,high-altitudewetlands,deserts,alpinegrasslandsRepresentativespecies:Snowleopard,TibetanantelopeProgress:Atpresent,thevegetationcoverageofthegrasslandintheparkhasbeenover60%,whichisnearly5%higherthanthatin2015.GiantPandaNationalParkLocations:Sichuan,ShaanxiandGansuprovincesLandscapes:Mountains,basinsRepresentativespecies:Giantpanda,redpandaProgress:Itisprotectingover70%ofthewildgiantpandapopulationinthecountry.Thepopulationofprotectiveanimalsinthepark—Giantpandas50+;Sichuantakins1,300+WuyishanNationalParkLocations:FujianandJiangxiprovincesLandscapes:MountainsRepresentativespecies:Chinesepangolin,Cabot’stragopanProgress:Throughreasonabledevelopmentof10%ofitsarea,theparkhasholdsitsbiodiversityconservationin90%ofitsareaunderprotection.HainanTropicalRainforestNationalParkLocations:HainanProvinceLandscapes:MountainsRepresentativespecies:HainanblackcrestedgibbonProgress:ThepopulationofHainan’sblackcrestedgibboninthewild—1970s:2groupsof7individuals(個體);Atpresent:5groupsof36individuals20．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．WhenChina’sfirstfivenationalparkswerediscovered.B．SomegeneralinformationofChina’sfirstfivenationalpark!C．WhatchallengesChina’sfirstfivenationalparksarefacing.D．Someactionstoprotectthewildlifespeciesintheseparks.21．Accordingtothepassage,whichparkhasthemosttypesoflandscapes?A．WuyishanNationalPark.B．GiantPandaNationalPark.C．SanjiangyuanNationalPark.D．NortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalPark.22．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheprogressoftheparks?A． B．C． D．【答案】20．B21．C22．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是介紹中國首批五大國家公園的一些信息情況。20．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Thistablewillinformyouofthefirstfivenationalparks—China’streasuresinnature.”以及整個文章的理解可知，主要是介紹中國首批五大國家公園的一些基本信息，故選B。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SanjiangyuanNationalPark”中的信息“Landscapes:Glaciers,snow-cappedmountains,high-altitudewetlands,deserts,alpinegrasslands”可知，三江源國家公園有最多種類的地形，故選C。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“NortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalPark”中的信息“Progress:Increasingpopulationofprotectedanimalspeciesfromtheyearof2015to2022—Siberiantigers:27→50;Amurleopards:42→60”可知，從2015年到2022年，保護(hù)動物種群數(shù)量不斷增加——東北虎：27→50；東北豹：42→60，故選A。（2023·江蘇蘇州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Confucianism(儒家思想)hasbeenfollowedbyChinesepeopleformorethantwothousandyears.Tohelppeopleunderstandhowtobehavetowardsothers,ConfucianismteachestheFiveConstants(五常).Theseareren,yi,li,zhiandxin.Theyaregeneralvirtues(美德)aroundtheworld.Themostimportanttwoarerenandli.Renisthefeelingofcareandloveweshouldhaveforothers.Confuciusexplainedrencouldbestbeunderstoodaslovingothers.Heisfamousforteachingpeople“Whatyoudonotwantdonetoyourself,donotdotoothers”.ItisquitesimilartowhatisknownintheWestastheGoldenRule(treatothersasyouwishtobetreated).Whilethemeaningofreniseasytounderstand,liisalittlehardertoexpress.Itcanbethoughtofasdutyorevenrespect.Generally,liisthewayweshouldconnectwithpeopleinoureverydaylife.InConfucianwritings,discussionsaboutliincludetheproperwaytodrinkteaandhowtorememberancestors(祖先).Whilerenismostlyaboutouropinionsandfeelings,liisabouthowweexpressouropinionsandfeelingstowardsothersandtowardstheworldaroundus.Perhapsthemostwell-knownConfucianvirtueisxiao.Thisisthedutychildrenhavetotheirparents.Xiaomeansloving,respecting,obeyingandtakingcareofone’sparentsintheiroldage.InConfucianism,xiaoisimportantforaharmonious(和諧的)society:Withoutit,thewholeworldwouldfallintoamess.23．WhicharethemostimportantoftheFiveConstants?A．Renandyi. B．Renandli. C．Liandxin. D．Yiandzhi.24．WhatisthebestChinesefortheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3?A．博學(xué)于文，約之以禮。 B．學(xué)而不思則罔，思而不學(xué)則殆。C．己所不欲，勿施于人。 D．君子和而不同，小人同而不和。25．Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofli?A．Buildingapeacefulsociety. B．Takingcareofone’schildren.C．Obeyingrulesfordrinkingtea. D．Learningallthroughone’slife.26．WhatdoesthepassagemainlytellusaboutConfucianism?A．Itsgeneralvirtues. B．Itslonghistory.C．Itsnewchallenges. D．Itsgoldenrules.【答案】23．B24．C25．C26．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了儒家思想中的傳統(tǒng)美德。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Themostimportanttwoarerenandli.”可知最重要的是仁和禮。故選B。24．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“ItisquitesimilartowhatisknownintheWestastheGoldenRule(treatothersasyouwishtobetreated)”可知，劃線句子“Whatyoudonotwantdonetoyourself,donotdotoothers”和“按照你希望被對待的方式對待他人”意義相近，即己所不欲勿施于人。故選C。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“discussionsaboutliincludetheproperwaytodrinkteaandhowtorememberancestors”可知關(guān)于禮的討論包括正確的喝茶方式和如何緬懷祖先。故選C。26．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了儒家思想的傳統(tǒng)美德。故選A。（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Whatwouldhappenifyoutriedtoblowasoap(肥皂)bubbleinbelow-freezingweather?Woulditfreezeandfalltotheground?Wouldyouhavetohititwithastonetobreakit?Thesequestionscameintomymindonecoldwinterday.Itwastoocoldtoplayinthesnow,butitwasaperfecttimetoexperimentwithblowingfrozenbubbles.Toblowfrozenbubbles,Ihadtowaituntiltheairoutsidewasverycold.Forthisactivity,thatmeant10degreesbelow0Fahrenheitorcolder.Ididn’thavethebubblethingsthatcomeinabottle,soIuseddish-washingsoap.Addingadropofglycerinmadethesoapworkevenbetter.Ichoseaplaceoutofthewind,andblewbubblesthesamewayIalwaysdo.Iwatchedtoseewhatwouldhappen.Here’swhatIlearned.Ifthetemperatureislowenough,theskinofthebubblefrosts(結(jié)霜)over,becomingcloudyinsteadofclear.Andwhataboutthoserainbowswirls(漩渦狀物體)thatyouseeinsoapbubbles?Therainbowcolorsstayeven(均勻的)whenthebubblesfrost,buttheydon’tspinanymore.Thebubblesstillfloatintheair.Theydon’tfalltothegroundanyfasterthantheywouldonawarmsummerday.Whenthesefrozenbubblesbreak,theydon’tturnintotinydropsofsoapassummerbubblesdo.Theyturnintoshinyrainbowpiecesandflyslowlytotheground.Sometimesafrozenbubblewillrollacrossthesnowwithoutbreaking.Ifitbreaks,itmayleaveastrongbubbleskinontheground.Leavethebubblealoneanditmaystaythereforalongtime.SometimesIcouldcatchabubbleandholdituntiltheheatofmyhandmadeitpop.Ilearnedoneotherthingaboutblowingfrozenbubbles.It’ssomuchfun.Iwanttotryitagainnextyear!27．Howdoesthewriterbeginthepassage?A．Bycomparingtwotypesofbubbles.B．Bydescribingthefreezingcoldweather.C．Byaskingsomequestionsaboutthesubject.D．Bypresentingthetoolsneededtodotheexperiment.28．Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A．Makingsoapthatcanworkevenbetter.B．Makingbubblesthatwillstaylonger.C．Inventinganewkindofsoapthatmakesclearerbubbles.D．Findingoutwhathappenstobubblesinfreezingtemperatures.29．Accordingtothepassage,whatwillhappenifyoublowfrozensoapbubbles?A．Coldenough,theskinofthebubbleswillstayclear.B．Whenthebubblesfrost,therainbowcolorswillspinfaster.C．Afrozenbubblemayrollacrossthesnowwithoutbreaking.D．Whenthesefrozenbubblesbreak,theyturnintotinydropsofsoap.30．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Ascienceclub B．BrokenbubblesC．Ahappychild D．Frozenbubbles【答案】27．C28．D29．C30．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹作者為了查明在低于冰點(diǎn)的天氣里吹肥皂泡會發(fā)生什么而做了一個實(shí)驗(yàn)。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whatwouldhappenifyoutriedtoblowasoap(肥皂)bubbleinbelow-freezingweather...”可知作者通過幾個問題引出文章的話題。故選C。28．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了作者為了查明在低于冰點(diǎn)的天氣里吹肥皂泡會發(fā)生什么，作者做了一個實(shí)驗(yàn)。故選D。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sometimesafrozenbubblewillrollacrossthesnowwithoutbreaking”可知冰凍的氣泡會在雪地上滾動而不破裂。故選C。30．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要介紹了作者為了查明在低于冰點(diǎn)的天氣里吹肥皂泡會發(fā)生什么，作者做了一個實(shí)驗(yàn)，故文章以“凍結(jié)的氣泡”為標(biāo)題最合適。故選D。（2023·江蘇泰州·中考真題）Ilovesnakes,whilemymotherdoesnot.Lotsofpeoplewhoareafraidofsnakeshaveneverseenone.Neitherhasmymother.Sowheredoesthefearcomefrom?Tofindouttheanswer,scientistsputpictureswithsnakes,pandas,cats,flowersandmanyotherthingsinfrontofagroupofpeopleofallages,evenbabies.Peoplefoundsnakesfasterthanflowers.Itwasn’tjustsnakes.Theyfound“blackfaces”,anotherexample,spiders(蜘蛛),fasterthan“safe”thingslikeflowers.Itseemswefindthingsthatmightbedangeroustousfaster.Maybeweareborntobeafraidofthem.Scientistsalsofoundpeoplelearnedtofearsnakesfaster.Whydidtheyfearsnakes?Mostofthemsaidthatintheirexperiences,theywereinfluencedbythescaredvoiceandfacesofthosewhometsnakes,butwasn’tbittenbysnakes.Afterall,ifwehadtobebittenbyasnaketolearnthatit’sdangerous,wemightlearnourlessontoolate.Sowhyisitimportantwhetherweareafraidofsnakesornot?Itmaynotmattermuchtous,butitisreallyveryimportanttosnakes.Peopleprotectanimalstheylike,notanimalstheyfear.Snakesmaynotbeascuteaspandas,butthey’rejustofthesameimportancetotheenvironment.Snakeseatinsectsandmicethatarepests(害蟲)tohumans.Snakesarealsofoodforotheranimals,so,whenwekillsnakes,we’rebreakingthebalance.Howcanwereduceourfearstogivesnakesachance?Scientistsdidastudyrecently.Somevolunteerstudentswentonafieldtrip.With