考博英語模擬試卷252

考博英語模擬試卷252

一、詞匯（本題共30題，每題7.0分，共30分。）

1、Itisunderstoodbyallconcernedthatthewordnoonewhovisitshimever

breatheasyllableofinhisheatingwillremainforeverunspoken.

A、uncommunicatively

B>acceptably

C、tacitly

D、taciturnly

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：本句的意思是“相關(guān)方面默然達成一致意見：拜訪過他的人沒有跟他

講的話以后誰也不許說出去tacitly意為“沉默地，默然地”，如：Managementhas

givenitstacitapprovaltotheplan.（管理部門已暗中對該計劃給予了支持。）其他三

項iinccmrrmnicatively“不愛說話地”，acceptably”可以接受地”，tacihimly”（指人）沉

默寡言地''都與句意不符。

2、Itisnaivetoexpectthatanysocietycanresolveallthesocialproblemsitisfaced

with.

A^forlong

BNinandout

C、onceforall

D^bynature

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：onceforall表不“一勞永逸A項forlong表不“長久”；B項inand

out表示"里外”；D項bynature表示“本質(zhì)上”。

3、Somepeoplethinkit'stosmokewithacigaretteholder.

A、flexible

B、sophisticated

C、versatile

D、productive

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析；本題意為“一些人認為用煙斗抽煙顯得老練sophisticated的意思是

“老練的”，如：asophisticatedgirl（—個老于世故的女孩子）。flexible的意思是“易彎

曲的，靈活的”;versatile的意思是“多才多藝的，通用的”;productive的意思是“多

產(chǎn)的，生產(chǎn)的”。只有B項符合題意。

4、Twotruckswerereportedtohavehead-onyesterday.

A、bumped

crashed

C、collided

D、struck

標(biāo)準答案：c

知識點解析：本題意為“據(jù)報道，昨天兩輛卡車迎頭相撞collide”車、船相撞”符

合題意，如：Inrunningroundthecorner,hecollidedwithanotherman.（在跑過拐

角時，他撞上了另一個人。）其他三項bump“碰撞，撞見"，crash”（飛機）墜毀，撞

壞"，strike"撞，（一般后接）"against都不正確。

5、Hewillsimplynotlistentoanybody;heistoargument.

A^impervious

B、imperceptible

C、impassable

D、blunt

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：impervious不受影響的；imperceplible感覺不到的；impassable不可

通行的；blunt遲鈍的。

6、Whilewalkingalongtheicyriverbanks,wecouldseecracksintheiceinall

directions.

A、radiating

B、dividing

C、splitting

D、tearing

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：本題是說當(dāng)沿著結(jié)冰的河堤行走時，我們可以看到冰上的裂紋正四處

裂開。C項“splitv.（多指順紋）裂開；（使）分裂；撕裂”符合題皂。其他三項中，

radiatev.”輻射，（使）從中心發(fā)散”;dividev.”劃分;分配；隔開“；tear

vt.“撕，撕裂”，都與題意不符。

7^Theofthewordisunknown,butitiscertainlynotfromGreek.

A、origin

B>generation

C、descent

D、cause

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：表示詞語的起源應(yīng)用origin"事物開始出現(xiàn)的始點或其來源與出處”。

8、Wchadtolearntoworkwithothersandmanyofourownideashadtobefor

thegoodofthewhole.

A、thrownaway

B>compensated

C^brushedaside

D^neglected

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：throwaway扔掉；compensate補償：brushaside不顧：neglect忽視。

根據(jù)句意，C最合適。

9、NepalisacountryincentralAsiathatislandlockedandbytheHimalayas.

A^secluded

B、bordered

C^integrated

D^opened

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：seclude使（尤指自己）與他人隔離,隱居。border接壤。integrate結(jié)

合。open公開。

10、Theseexamplesshowthatopennessandtheabilitytochangebringscouplesagiant

stepclosertothemaritalharmonythey.

Axrequest

B、negotiate

C^crave

D、detest

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：本題空格處是說他們所渴望的是和諧融洽的婚姻。C項crave“渴望”

符合題意。其他三項request"請求，要求”；negotiate“協(xié)商”；detest“厭惡”都不正

確。

11>Hewaswidelyregardedasamanbecauseherevealeddailyhisdistrustof

humannatureandhumanmotives.

A^disrespectful

B、cynical

C、confused

D、misinformed

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：（cynical懷疑的，悲觀的）。句意為：人們廣泛地認為他是一個悲觀的

人，因為他每天都對人性和人的動機表示懷疑。A.disrespectful不尊敬的；

C.confused困惑的；D.misinfonned得到錯誤消息的。

12、Theconceptofaloyaloppositiontheofmodemdemocracyrarely

prevailsand,muchmorefrequently,oppositionisequatedwithtreasonandruthlessly

suppressed.

A^loop

B、essence

C、equivalent

D^velocity

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：essence本質(zhì)；loop循環(huán);equivalent等價物;velocity速度，速率。

13、Wehadtoalotofnoisewhenthechildrenwereathome.

A^goinfor

B、holdonto

C^putupwith

D、keeppacewith

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：A項goinfor意為“從事于，酷愛，參加"：B項holdonto意為“抓

住...不放,堅持”;C項putupwith“忍受，容忍”;D項keeppacewith意為“跟

上，和……齊步前進

14、TheUnitedStateswastryinghardtosmoketheenemyoutoftheholesinthetarget

country.

A、對敵人施以地毯式轟炸

R、將敵人熏死在洞中

C、引誘敵人出洞

D、向洞中的敵人投擲毒氣彈

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

15、Heisahypocrite,aliar,athief-,heisthegreatestdevilIeverknow.

A、asaconsequence

B、asarule

C、asamatteroffact

D^asamatterofroutine

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

16、Hewillhavetohisindecentbehaviouroneday.

A、answerto

B>answerfor

C^answerback

D、answerabout

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：本題考查詞語搭配。answer可與to連用，表示“相符，符合“；answer

back指“回嘴，頂嘴”；answerfor意為“對...負責(zé)，保證（某事）良好answer—

般不與aboul搭配。顯然，B項更符合要求。

17、JapanremainstiedtotheWesterncamppartlybecausetherelationshiphasbecome

tohereconomyandpoliticsoverfortyyears'association.

A^integral

B、unilateral

C、rational

D、hierarchical

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：句子前面提到“日本和西方陣營保持很密切的關(guān)系”，后面提到了原因

“因為這種關(guān)系在過去四十年中對于其經(jīng)濟和政治根據(jù)上下文，integral

恰好符合題意，因為它口勺意思是forminganecessarypartofsomething,即“構(gòu)成整

體所必需的或不可或缺的部分”。再例如：Vegetablesareanintegralpartofour

diet.（蔬菜是飲食中不可缺少的部分。Unilateral意為“單邊的，單方面的”；

rational意為“理性的"；hierarchical意為“有統(tǒng)治權(quán)的，等級制度的

18、Theman'sdirectionsconfusedus,wedidnotknowwhichofthetworoadsto

take.

A^complicated

B、arbitrary

C、ambiguous

D、intricate

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：句意：那個人含糊的指引使我們迷惑了……。ambiguous”歧義的，含

糊的“；complicated”復(fù)雜的，難解的“；arbitrary”任意的，武斷的“；intricate"錯綜

復(fù)雜的”。

19、TheDrincipaldutyoftheUnitedNationsistosafeguardthepeaceoftheworld.

A、primary

B、prime

C^privileged

D、precedent

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：本題中，principal的意思是“首要的，主要的”。四個選項中，primary

和prime都有“主要的，最重要的”意思，但prime主要用來修飾比較具體的名詞，

如aprimeexample,theprimesuspecto而primary則主要用來修飾比較抽象的名

詞,如primaryconcern,primaryresponsibilityoprivileged的意思是“有特權(quán)的";

precedent的意思是“先例”，是一個名詞。只有A符合題意。

20、TheofhisfirstnovelappearedinTheTimesyesterday;nodoubthewas

veryhappytoseethat.

A^survey

B、inspection

C、appraisal

D、review

標(biāo)準答案：D

知識點解析：（review評論）。句意為：昨天，他第一本小說的評論刊登在《泰晤士

報》上?？吹皆u論，他無疑感到高興。A.survey概觀，測量；B.inspeclion檢

查，審查；C.appraisal估價,評價。

21>Youcannotbecarefulwhenyoudriveacar.

A、very

so

C>too

D、enough

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：cannotbetoocareful構(gòu)成特殊用法，意為“無論多么小心都不為過

22、throughtheatticandseeifyoucanfindanythingforthejumblesale.

A、Leash

B、Rummage

C、Flutter

D、Scrape

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：各項的意思是：leash”用皮帶系上，［喻］束縛,控制“；rummage”搜

查,搜出“；flutter”飄動,振翼,拍翅膀”;scrape“刮,擦"；scrapethrough”勉強通

過”。

23Amembershipcardauthorizestheclub'sfacilitiesforaperiodof12months.

A、theholderusing

B、theholder'suse

C^theholdertouse

D、theholderuses

標(biāo)準答案：c

知識點詞析：空格處的意思是：會員卡的持有人被授權(quán)使用俱樂部的設(shè)施12個

月。authorizesb.todosth.”授予某人做某事的權(quán)利”。應(yīng)選擇C。

24、Theof"snake"issimplythis:aleglessreptilewithalong,thinbody.

A、connotation

denomination

C、donation

D、denotation

標(biāo)準答案：D

知識點解析：本題空格處意為“蛇的本意是……denolalion意為“本義，指示意

義"，connotation意為“隱含意義,轉(zhuǎn)義”,denomination意為“名稱,命名，（貨幣

的）面額"，donation意為“捐贈品，捐款”。只有D符合題意。

25、Shethelistofnamestoseeifherswasonit.

A^glanced

B、gazed

C、peered

D、scanned

標(biāo)準答案：D

知識點解析：D項“scanned細看，審視”符合題意。其他三項“A項glanced一瞥，

掃視（后接at）；B項gazed凝視,注視（后接at/on/upon）；C項peered偷看（后接at）”

都不正確。本題意為“她審視名單，看上面是否有姐的名字因此D項為正確答

案。

26>Heishonest.Hisactionsarealwayshiswords.

A、contradictoryto

B、contradictedby

C、agreedwith

D、consistentwith

標(biāo)準答案：D

知識點解析：beconsistentwith與...一致，相符合；becontradictoryto與...相

反；coniradici同...矛盾，同抵觸；agreewith意見一致，同意。

27、Recentlysomeincidentsinvolvingmistreatmentofnewimmigrantsand

ethnicgroupshaveoccunedinsomeEuropeancountries.

A、vile

B、steady

C、dreary

D^dissimilar

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：本題是說，近來歐洲一些國家發(fā)生了些不道德的事，包括虐待新移民

和少數(shù)民族群體等。四個選項中，A項vile的意思是“卑鄙的，可恥的"，如Idon't

ihinkihalheisvile（我不認為他有這么卑劣）；B項sleady的意思是“穩(wěn)固的，穩(wěn)定

的，堅定的“：C項dreary的意思是“沉悶的”；D項dissimilar的意思是“不同的，相

異的根據(jù)題意，A項為正確答案。

28、Heissettingoutforthecountryandsendsyouathousandthanksand.

A^compliments

B、complements

C、satisfactions

D^supplements

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：四個選項的意思分別是compliments”問候，致意“，illYourpresence

isagreatcompliment（承蒙光1臨，不勝榮幸）：complements“補足物”;

satisfactions"滿意"；supplements”補充，增刊”。句意是，他就要動身去農(nóng)村，表示

萬分感謝你，并向你致以問候。所以正確答案是A選項。

29>Thenovelcontainssomemarvellouslyrevealingofrurallifeinthe19th

century.

A、glances

B、glimpses

CNglares

D、gleams

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：本題答案是B。B項的意思是：glimpse瞥見。其他各項的意思是：

glance掃視，匆匆一看；glare閃耀；gleam使發(fā)微光，使閃爍。

30、Thelawyerhisideasloudlyandclearlyatthecourt,whichsurprisedhera

greatdeal.

A、acclaimed

B、admonished

CNaddressed

D、asserted

標(biāo)準答案：D

知識點解析：本題答案是D。D項asserted意為“斷言；主張；維護；表明“。其他

三項詞義：acclaimed意為“喝彩，稱贊,宣布“；admonished意為“勸告;警告”；

addressed意為"向...致辭，演說，從事”。

二、閱讀理解（本題共“9題，每題1.0分，共“9

分。）

Theriseofmultinationalcorporations（跨國公司）,globalmarketing,new

communicationstechnologies,andshrinkingculturaldifferenceshaveledtoan

unparalleledincreaseinglobalpublicrelationsorPR.Surprisingly,sincemodernPR

WaslargelyanAmericaninvention,theU.S.leadershipinpublicrelationsisbeing

threatenedbyPReffortsinothercountries.Tenyearsago,forexample,theworld'stop

fivepublicrelationsagencieswereAmerican-owned.In1991,onlyonewas.TheBritish

inparticulararebecomingmoresophisticatedandcreative.Arecentsurveyfoundthat

morethanhalfofallBritishcompaniesincludePRaspartoftheircorporate（公司的）

planningactivities,comparedtoaboutone-thirdofU.S.companies,Itmaynotbelong

beforeLondonreplacesNewYorkasthecapitalofPR.WhyisAmericalaggingbehind

intheglobalPRrace?First,Americansasawholetendtobefairlyprovincialandtake

moreofaninterestinlocalaffairs.Knowledgeofworldgeography,forexample,has

neverbeenstronginthiscountry.Secondly,AmericanslagbehindtheirEuropeanand

Asiancounterparts（相對應(yīng)的人）inknowingasecondlanguage.Lessthan5percentof

Burson-Marshall'sU.S.employeesknowtwolanguages.OgilvyandMatherhasabout

thesamepercentageconversely,someEuropeanfirmshavehalformoreoftheir

employeesfluentinasecondlanguage.Finally,peopleinvolvedinPRabroadtendto

keepaclosereyeoninternationalaffairs.InthefinancialPRarea,forinstance,most

AmericansreadtheWallStreetJournalOverseas,theircounterpartsreadtheJournalas

wellas(heFinancialTimesofLondonandTheEconomist,publicationsnotoftenreadin

thiscountry.PerhapsthePRindustrymighttakealessonfromTedTurnerofCNN(Cable

NewsNetwork).Turnerrecentlyannouncedthattheword"foreign"wouldnolongerbe

usedonCNNnewsbroadcasts.AccordingtoTurner,globalcommunicationshavemade

thenationsoftheworldsointerdependentthatthereisnolongeranysuchthingas

foreign.

31、Accordingtothepassage,U.S.leadershipinpublicrelationsisbeingthreatened

because.

標(biāo)準答案：D

知識點解析：依據(jù)是文章第二段第1至第2行。

32、LondoncouldsoonreplaceNewYorkasthecenterofPRbecause.

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：依據(jù)是文章第二段第5行開始。

33、Theword"provincial"(Line2,Para.3)mostprobablymeans"

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：該詞出現(xiàn)在第三段第2行，依據(jù)下文的補充說明“l(fā)akemoreofan

interestinlocalaffairs”可推斷該詞和選項A的意思最為接近。

34、WclearnfromthethirdparagraphthatemployeesintheAmericanPR

industry.

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：該題最大的干擾項可能來自于B項。但是文章第三段第3行只說美

國人的世界地理觀不強，并不能說他們對世界地理一無所知。

35、WhatlessonmightthePRindustrytakefromTedTurnerofCNN?

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：“TedTumerofCNN說theword4foreign?wouldnolongerbeusedOIL..”

意思是說我們應(yīng)該將視野放寬，具有強烈的國際觀念，而不要將注意力局限在國

內(nèi)。D項只是膚淺地理解了字面意思。

TobroadentheirvotingappealinthePresidentialelectionof1796,theFederalists

selectedThomasPinckney,aleadingSouthCarolinian,asrunningmatefortheNew

EnglanderJohnAdams.ButPinckney'sSouthernfriendschosetoignoretheirparty's

intentionsandregardedPinckneyasaPresidentialcandidate,creatingapoliticalsituation

thatAlexanderHamiltonwasdeterminedtoexploit.Hamiltonhadlongbeenwaryof

Adams*stubbornlyindependentbrandofpoliticsandpreferredtoseehisrunningmate,

overwhomhecouldexertmorecontrol,inthePresident'schair.Theelectionwasheld

underthesystemoriginallyestablishedbytheConstiturion.Atthattimetherewasbuta

singletally,withthecandidatereceivingthelargestnumberofelectoralvotesdeclared

PresidentandthecandidatewiththesecondlargestnumberdeclaredVicePresident.

HamiltonanticipatedthatalltheFederalistsintheNorthwouldvoteforAdamsand

PinckneyequallyinanattempttoensurethatJeffersonwouldnotbeeitherfirstorsecond

inthevoting.PinckneywouldbesolidlysupportedintheSouthwhileAdamswouldnot.

HamiltonconcludedifitwerepossibletodivertafewelectoralvotesfromAdamsto

Pinckney,PinckneywouldreceivemorethanAdams,yetbothFederalistswouldoutpoll

Jefferson.VariousmethodswereusedtopersuadetheelectorstovoteasHamilton

wished.Inthepress,anonymousarticleswerepublishedattackingAdamsforhis

monarchialtendenciesandJeffersonforbeingoverlydemocratic,whilepushing

Pinckneyastheonlysuitablecandidate.Inprivatecorrespondencewithstateparty

leaderstheHamiltoniansencouragedtheideathatAdams'popularitywasslipping,that

hecouldnotwintheelection,andthattheFederalistscoulddefeatJeffersononlyby

supportingPinckney.HadsectionalprideandloyaltynotrunashighinNewEnglandas

inthedeepSouth,PinckneymightwellhavebecomeWashington'ssuccessor.New

Englanders,however,realizedthatequalvotesforAdamsandPinckneyintheirstates

woulddefeatAdams;therefore,eighteenelectorsscratchedPinckney'snamefromtheir

ballotsanddeliberatelythrewawaytheirsecondvotestomenwhowerenoteven

running.ItwasfortunatefbrAdamsthattheydid,fortheelectorsfromSouthCarolina

completelyabandonedhim,givingeightvotestoPinckneyandeighttoJefferson.Inthe

end,Hamilton'sinterferenceinPinckney'scandidacylosteventheVicc-Prcsidcncyof

SouthCarolina.WithoutNewEngland'ssupport,Pinckneyreceivedonly59electoral

votes,finishingthirdtoAdamsandJefferson.HemighthavebeenPresidentin1797,or

asVicePresidentaseriouscontenderforthePresidencyin1800;instead,stigmatizedby

aplothehadnotdevised,heservedabrieftermintheUnitedStatesSenateandthen

droppedfromsightasanationalinfluence.

36、Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識之解析：本文的主要目的是描述導(dǎo)致約翰?亞當(dāng)斯在1796年總統(tǒng)競選中取得勝

利的一些政治事件。本文講述了一系列導(dǎo)致約翰?亞當(dāng)斯成為總統(tǒng)的政治事件。

37、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwastrueofthePresidential

electionof1796?

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：托馬斯?杰斐遜獲得的選票超過了托馬斯?平克尼獲得的選票。本文最

后一段明確指出，平克尼在選舉中名列第三，在杰斐遜之后。

38、Theoveralldevelopmentofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas.

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：從總體上看，全文是這樣展開的，可以說，是解釋一系列事件。本文

解釋了一系列導(dǎo)致約翰?亞當(dāng)斯于1796年被選為總統(tǒng)的政治事件。

39、ItcanbeinferredthathadSouthCarolinanoteastanyelectoralvotesfbrJefferson,

theoutcomeofthe1796electionwouldhavebeena.

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：可以推斷，如果南卡羅來納州沒有為杰斐遜投票，1796年的選舉結(jié)

果就會為約翰?亞當(dāng)斯取得勝利帶來更大的余地。南卡羅來納州投了16票，為平克

尼投了8票，為杰斐遜投了8票.因此，每位選舉人為平克尼和杰斐遜均投了1

票。如果他們沒有為杰斐遜投票，他們可能為誰投票呢?他們不可能再為平克尼投

票，因為他們已為他投過票。他們有可能為亞當(dāng)斯或另外一位不知名的候選人投

票。杰斐遜失去選票，亞當(dāng)斯就不會失去一些選票。因此，最后結(jié)果為亞當(dāng)斯取得

勝利留下了更大的余地。

40、TheelectorswhoscratchedPinckney'snamefromtheirballotsbehavedmostlike

whichofthefollowingpeople?

標(biāo)準答案：D

知識點解析：把子克尼的名字從候選人名單上劃掉的選舉人像下面這樣一種人：

位將軍命令正在撤退的軍隊毀掉他們必須丟下的給養(yǎng)，不讓敵人利用它們。新英格

蘭的選舉人把自己的第二張選票浪費掉，既不讓平克尼獲益又不讓杰斐獲益，不把

好處留給對手。

Whatdoconsumersreallywant?That'saquestionmarketresearcherswouldloveto

answer.Butsincepeopledon'talwayssaywhattheythink,marketerswouldneeddirect

accesstoconsumers'thoughtstogetthetruth.Now,inaway,thatispossible.Atthe

"MindoftheMarket"laboratoryatHarvardBusinessSchool,researchersarelooking

insideshoppers1skullstodevelopmoreeffectiveadvertisementsandmarketingpitches.

Usingimagingtechniquesthatmeasurebloodflowtovariouspartsofthebrain,the

Harvardteamhopestopredicthowconsumerswillreacttoparticularproductsandto

discoverthemosteffectivewaystopresentinformation.StephenKosslyn,aprofessorof

psychologyatHarvard,andbusinessschoolprofessorGeraldZaltman,overseethelab.

"Thegoalisnottomanipulatepeople'spreferences,"saysKosslyn,njusttospeaktotheir

actualdesires."Thegroup'sfindings,thoughstillpreliminary,couldradicallychange

howfirmsdevelopandmarketnewproducts.TheHarvardgroupusepositionemission

topography(PET)scanstomonitorthebrainactivity.ThesePETscans,alongwithother

non-invasiveimagingtechniques;enableresearcherstoseewhichpartsofthebrainare

activeduringspecifictasks(suchasrememberingaword).Correlationshavebeenfound

betweenbloodflowtospecificareasandfuturebehavior.Becauseofthis,Harvard

researchersbelievethescanscanalsopredictfuturepurchasingpatterns.Accordingtoan

unpublishedpaperthegroupproduced,"Itispossibletousethesetechniquestopredict

notonlywhetherpeoplewillrememberandhavespecificemotionalreactionstocertain

materials,butalsowhethertheywillbeinclinedtowantthosematerialsmonthslater."

TheHarvardgroupisnowmovingintothenextstageofexperiments.Theywillexplore

howpeoplerememberadvertisementsaspartofanefforttopredicthowtheywillreactto

aproductafterhavingseenanad.Theresearchersbelievethatoncekeyareasofthebrain

areidentified,scansonabouttwodozenvolunteerswillbeenoughtodrawconclusions

aboutthereactionsofspecificsegmentsofthepopulation.Largecorporations一

includingCocaCola,EastmanKodak,GeneralMotors,andHallmark-havealready

signeduptofundfurtherinvestigations.Fortheirfinancialsupport,thesefirmsgain

accesstotheexperiments,butcannotcontrolthem.IfKosslynandZaltrnanandtheir

teamreallycanreadthemindofthemarket,thenconsumersmayfinditevenharderto

getthoseadvertisingjinglesoutoftheirheads.

41、Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：本題可參照文章第二段的“the，MindoftheMarket'laboratory”和最后一

段的“IfKosslynandZaltmanandtheirteamreallycanreadthemindofthemarket"，可

見本文是圍繞readingthemindofthemarket來寫的。

42、WhydotheHarvardresearchersusescientifictechnologyintheexperiments?

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析:A和B兩項很容易拆除;根據(jù)原文的“Thegoalisnottomanipulate

people'spreferences,“saysKosslyn,4just,tospeaktotheiractualdesires.“可知，D

項木對。

43、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：本題可參照原文的"StephenKosslyn,aprofessorofpsychologyat

Haryard,andbusinessschoolprofessolGeraldZaltman,overseethelab.^oversee是

“監(jiān)視、檢查”的意思，而B項overlook意為“忽視、忽略”，含義相反。

44、Whatdoes"tospeakto"inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphmean?

標(biāo)準答案：D

知識點解析：此處的iospeakio意為“對（人們）的實際需求做出反應(yīng)”。

45、Thelastsentenceofthispassageimpliesthat

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：本文最后一句話的大意是：如果此項研究成功的話，那么消費者將更

難抵御廣告的影響。

Onceuponatimetherelivedabeautifulyoungwomanandahandsomeyoungman.They

wereverypoor,butastheyweredeeplyinlove,theywantedtogetmarried.Theyoung

people'sparentsshooktheirheads."Youcan'tgetmarriedyet,"theysaid."Waittillyou

getagoodjobwithgoodprospects."Sotheyoungpeoplewaiteduntiltheyfoundgood

jobswithgoodprospectsandtheywereabletogetmarried.Theywerestillpoor,of

course,butlargeorganizationslenthimthemoneyheneededtobuyahouse,some

furniture,allthelatestelectricalappliancesandacar.Thecouplelivedhappilyeverafter,

payingoffdebtsfortherestoftheirlives.Andsoendsanothermodernromanticfable.

Weliveinamaterialisticsocietyandwhenwegrowoldenoughtoearnaliving,itdoes

notsurpriseustodiscoverthatsuccessismeasuredintermsofthemoneyyouearn.We

spendthewholeofourliveskeepingupwiththeJoneses.Ifwebuyanewcar,wecanbe

surethatJoneswillgoonbetterandgettwonewcars:oneforhiswifeandonefor

himself.ThemostamusingthingaboutthisgameisthattheJonesesandalltheneighbors

whoarcstrugglingfranticallytokeepupwiththemarcspendingborrowedmoneykindly

provided,atasuitablerateofinterest,ofcourse,byfriendlybanks,insurancecompanies,

etc.Itisnotonlyinaffluentsocietiesthatpeopleareobsessedwiththeideaofmaking

moremoney.Consumergoodsaredesirableeverywhereandmodernindustry

deliberatelysetsouttocreatenewmarkets.Gonearethedayswhenindustrialgoodswere

madetolastforever.Thewheelofindustrymustbekeptturning."Built-inobsolescence"

providesthemeans:goodsaremadetobediscarded.Carsgettinnierandtinnier.Youno

sooneracquirethisyear'smodelthanyouarcthinkingaboutitsreplacement.

46、Fromthefirstparagraph,wecaninferthat.

標(biāo)準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

47、Theexpression"keepupwiththeJoneses"mightmean.

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

48、Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthecommonpracticeinamaterialisticsociety?

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

49Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheau:hor?

標(biāo)準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

50、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

Governmentsthatwanttheirpeopletoprosperintheburgeoningworldeconomyshould

guaranteetwobasicfights:therighttoprivatepropertyandthefighttoenforceable

contracts,saysMancurOlsoninhisbookPowerandProsperity.Olsonwasaneconomics

professorattheUniversityofMarylanduntilhisdeathin1998.Somehavearguedthat

suchrightsaremerelyluxuriesthatwealthysocietiesbestow,butOlsonturnsthat

argumentaroundandassertsthatsuchrightsarcessentialtocreatingwealth."Incomes

arelowinmostofthecountriesoftheworld,inshort,becausethepeopleinthose

countriesdonothavesecureindividualfights/'hesays.Certainsimpleeconomic

activities,suchasfoodgatheringandmakinghandicrafts,relymostlyonindividuallabor;

propertyisnotnecessary.Butmoreadvancedactivities,suchasthemassproductionof

goods,requiremachinesandfactoriesandoffices.Thisproductionisoftencalledcapital-

intensive,butitisreallyproperty-intensive,Olsonobserves."Noonewouldnormally

engageincapital-intensiveproductionifheorshedidnothaverightsthatkeptthe

valuablecapitalfrombeingtakenbybandits,whetherrovingorstationary,"heargues.

"Thereisnoprivatepropertywithoutgovernment—individualsmayhavepossessions,

thewayadogpossessesabone,butthereisprivatepropertyonlyifthesocietyprotects

anddefendsaprivaterighttothatpossessionagainstotherprivatepartiesandagainstthe

governmentaswell.'*Would-beentrepreneurs,nomatterhowsmall,alsoneeda

governmentandcourtsystemthatwillmakesurepeoplehonortheircontracts.Infact,the

bankingsystemsreliedonbydevelopednationsarebasedonjustsuchanenforceable

contractsystem."Wcwouldnotdepositourmoneyinbanks..,ifwccouldnotrelyonthe

bankhavingtohonoritscontractwithus,andthebankwouldnotbeabletomakethe

profitsitneedstostayinbusinessifitcouldnotenforceitsloancontractswith

borrowers/'Olsonwrites.Othereconomistshavearguedthatthepooreconomiesof

ThirdWorldandcommunistcountriesaretheresultofgovernmentssettingbothprices

andthequantitiesofgoodsproducedratherthanlettingafreemarketdeterminethem.

Olsonagreesthereissomemerittothispointofview,buthearguesthatgovernment

interventionisnotenoughtoexplainthepovertyofthesecountries.Rather,thereal

problemislackofindividualrightsthatgivepeopleincentivetogeneratewealth."Ifa

societyhasclearandsecureindividualrights,therearestrongincentives（刺激，動力）to

produce,invest,,andengageinmutuallyadvantageoustrade,andthereforeatleastsome

economicadvance,"Olsonconcludes.

51、WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutOlson?

標(biāo)準答案:C

知識點解析：第一段最方一句OlsonwasaneconomicsprofessorattheUniversityof

Marylanduntilhisdeathin1998.Olson一直在馬里蘭大學(xué)任經(jīng)濟學(xué)教授直至1998

年去世，所以選C。

52、WhichofthefollowingrepresentsOlson'spointorview?

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：第二段第一句的后半句Olsonturnsthatargumentaroundandasserts

thatsuchrightsarcessentialtocreatingwealth.Olson把那個論點翻了個個兒，聲稱

這種權(quán)利（財產(chǎn)權(quán)）對于創(chuàng)造財富至關(guān)重要，所以選A。

53、WhatdoesOlsonthinkaboutmassproduction?

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：第三段最后一句Thisproductionisoftencalledcapital-intensive,butit

isreallypropertyintensive,Olsonobserves.這種生產(chǎn)（批量生產(chǎn)）往往被稱為資本密

集型生產(chǎn)，但Olson認為其實這是財產(chǎn)密集型生產(chǎn)，所以選B。

54、Whatisthebasisforthebankingsystem?

標(biāo)準答案：A

知識點解析：根據(jù)第五段第二句可知銀行體系的基礎(chǔ)就是銀行與其客戶之間的協(xié)議

可以得到執(zhí)行，選A。

55、AccordingtoOlson,whatisthereasonforthepooreconomiesofThirdWorld

countries?

標(biāo)準答案：B

知識點解析：根據(jù)最后一段可知Olson認為第三世界國家貧困的真正原因在于人們

沒有個人權(quán)利，也就沒有動力去創(chuàng)造財富。

GordonShawthephysicist,66,andcolleagueshavediscoveredwhat'sknownasthe

"Mozarteffect,"theabilityofaMozartsonata,undertherightcircumstances,toimprove

thelistener'smathematicalandreasoningabilities.Butthefindingsarccontroversialand

havelaunchedallkindsofcranknotionsaboutusingmusictomakekidssmarter.The

hype,hewarns,hasgottenoutofhand.Butfirst,theessence:Istheresomethingabout

thebraincellsworktoexplaintheeffect?In1978theneuroscientistVernonMounicastle

devisedamodeloftheneuralstructureofthebrain'sgraymatter.Lookinglikeathick

bandofcolorfulbeadwork,itrepresentsthefiringpatternsofgroupsofneurons.

BuildingonMounteastle,Shawandhisteamconstructedamodeloftheirown.Onalark,

XiaodanLeng,whowasShaw'scolleagueatthetime,usedasynthesizertotranslate

thesepatternsintomusic.Whatcameoutofthespeakerswasn'texactlytoc-tapping,but

itwasmusic.ShawandLenginferredthatmusicandbrain-waveactivityarebuiltonthe

samesortofpatterns."Gordonisacontrarianinhisthinking,"sayshislongtimefriend,

NobelPrize-winningStanfordphysicistMartinPeri."That'simportant.Innewareasof

science,suchasbrainresearch,nobodyknowshowtodoit."Whatdoneuroscientistsand

psychologiststhinkofShaw'sfindings?'Theyhaven'tcondemnedit,butneitherhave

theyconfirmedit.Maybeyouhavetotakethemwithagrainofsalt,buttheexperiments

byShawandhiscolleaguesarcintriguing.InMarchateamledbyShawannouncedthat

youngchildrenwhohadlistenedtotheMozartsonataandstudiedthepianooveraperiod

ofmonthsimprovedtheirscoresby27%onalestofratiosandproportions.Theconlrol

groupagainstwhichtheyweremeasuredreceivedcompatibleenrichmentcourses-minus

themu