2023-2024學(xué)年山東省濟(jì)寧市高三上學(xué)期1月期末考試英語試題(解析版)

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濟(jì)寧市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末考試英語試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThere’salmostalwayssomethingspecialhappeningatDisneylandinsouthernCalifornia.Here’swhatguestsshouldknowaboutvisitingDisneylandfor2024.●EventsLunarNewYearCelebrationMushu,acharacterfromDisney’sanimatedfilmMulan,willhelpguideintheYearoftheDragonbyleadingMulan’sLunarNewYearProcession.Visitors,especiallychildren,candressupascharactersfromMulantojoinit.Dates:Jan.23—Feb.18PixarFestItisbackwithanewdaytimeparade(游行):APixarPalsCelebration!NewcharacterslikeRedPandaMeifromTurningRedwillarriveintheparks.Diningoptionswillbeavailable,allowingguestsabiteofPixar-themedtreatsatanewlyopenedcafe.Dates:Feb.26—Aug.4FantasylandMelodiesTheheadlinersforthisyear’sconcertsareMarvinSappandTashaCobbsLeonard.Theaward-winningmusicianswillbejoinedbylocalcommunitychoirsatDisneyland’sFantasylandTheatre.Musicalworkshopshighlightingvarioustypesofmusicwillbeafeastforears.Dates:Feb.17—Apr.24SeasonoftheForceNewadventureswilltakeguestsonathrillingjourneythroughspacetravelaboardaspacecraft.Visitorswillviewthepark’sfireworksandhearspecialgalacticmusic.Buyinglimited-editionsouvenirsenablesfanstotakeapieceofspacebackhomewiththem.Dates:Apr.5—Sep.21.Whicheventappealstofoodiesmost?A.LunarNewYearCelebration.B.PixarFest.C.FantasylandMelodies.D.SeasonoftheForce.2.WhatdoFantasyLandMelodiesandSeasonoftheForcehaveincommon?A.Theysellraresouvenirs.B.Theyhavefireworkshows.C.Theyfeaturecartoonheroes.D.Theyincludemusicalelements.3.Whatistheminimumcostforacouplewitha5-year-oldtopayavisitonFeb.28?A.$208.B.$264.C.$288.D.$312.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了2024年南加州的迪士尼樂園一些重大活動的具體信息?！敬鸢浮?.B2.D3.B【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PixarFest”中最后一句“Diningoptionswillbeavailable,allowingguestsabiteofPixar-themedtreatsatanewlyopenedcafe.”（食物選擇多樣，客人能在新開的咖啡館里品嘗皮克斯主題的美食。）可知，PixarFest提供多種美食，最能吸引美食家前來。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“FantasylandMelodies”中“Theaward-winningmusicianswillbejoinedbylocalcommunitychoirsatDisneyland’sFantasylandTheatre.Musicalworkshopshighlightingvarioustypesofmusicwillbeafeastforears.”（獲獎音樂家將與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)合唱團(tuán)一起在迪士尼樂園的夢幻樂園劇院演出。各種類型音樂的音樂工作坊將是一場聽覺盛宴。）及“SeasonoftheForce”中“Visitorswillviewthepark’sfireworksandhearspecialgalacticmusic.”（游客們將觀賞公園的煙火，聆聽特別的銀河音樂。）可知，兩個活動都有音樂元素。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容可知，10歲及以上是104美元，3-9歲是80美元（從1月8日到3月10日，降價30%），故一對夫婦領(lǐng)著5歲的孩子在2月28日游覽需花104×2+80×0.7=264美元。故選B項(xiàng)。BWhenSusanMurabanawasacollegestudentvolunteeringwithCosmosEducation,anon-profitaimedatimprovingsciencelearningindevelopingcountries,shelookedthroughatelescopefortheveryfirsttime.Suddenly,Saturn(土星)anditsyellow-goldringsweremorethanjustanillustrationinatextbook;theywererealandtheexperiencewaspowerful.WhiletravelingwiththeorganizationtoschoolsandvillagesinherhomecountryofKenya,andhelpingteachyoungchildren,sherealizedshewantedchildreninKenya,especiallygirls,tobeasexposedtoastronomyaschildreninthedevelopedcountrieswere.In2014,MurabanaandherhusbandDanielOwensetupthesocialenterpriseTravellingTelescope,aneducationalprogramdesignedforyoungchildreninunderservedandremotecommunities.Withjustatelescopeandamobileinflatableplanetarium(天文館),theyaimtochangelivesbygivingchildrenachancetoseeSaturn,themoon,andvariousstars,whileteachingthembasicscienceandastrophysics.“There’sasatisfactionyougetfromgoingtoaschool,talkingtothechildren,andseeingtheirreactionandtheiranticipation,”saidMurabana.“A12-year-oldboyineasternKenyaeventoldus,‘Iusedtothinkscientistslie,butnowIbelieveinscience.’”Murabanabelievesastronomy,orevensimplytheactoflookingupatthesky,establishesanawarenessoftheneedtoprotectourplanetandhelpschildrenlookatourownplanetmuchmoreobjectively.ThereisalsoamorepersonalmotivationforMurabana’swork—fightingagainsttheperceptionheldbymostKenyansthatastronomyisaWesternscience.Actuallyin2018theKenyaSpaceAgencylauncheditsfirstsatelliteintoorbitfromtheInternationalSpaceStation,andasatellitestationinMalindi,onthecoastofsoutheasternKenya,isusedbytheEuropeanSpaceAgencyforsatellitetracking.Sofar,over400,000peoplehavelookedthroughtheTravellingTelescopeandthepairwanttoexpandtheirimpactbyreachingmoreschools.4.WhenMurabanafirstobservedSaturnthroughatelescope,shefelt______.A.puzzledB.frightenedC.amazedD.relaxed5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioninga12-year-oldboy?A.ToillustratetheimpactofMurabana’sproject.B.Tohighlightthesignificanceoftrustingscience.C.Toshowcasehislackofastronomicalknowledge.D.Todemonstratechildren’scuriosityaboutscience.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph5?A.MostKenyanshaveagreatpassionforastronomy.B.Murabana’sworkgotinspiredbyWesternscience.C.Kenyahastakentheleadinsatellitelaunchingandtracking.D.MostKenyansareunawareoftheircountry’sinvolvementinspaceresearch.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BridgingCulturesbyVolunteeringB.AdvertisingTravellingTelescopeWorldwideC.BreakingDownBarriersinScienceEducationD.EmpoweringKenyanYouthThroughAstronomy【語篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文。文章介紹了蘇珊·穆拉巴納幫助肯尼亞的青年一代學(xué)習(xí)天文的故事?！敬鸢浮?.C5.A6.D7.D【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Suddenly,Saturn(土星)anditsyellow-goldringsweremorethanjustanillustrationinatextbook;theywererealandtheexperiencewaspowerful.(突然之間，土星和它的金色光環(huán)不僅僅是教科書上的插圖；它們是真實(shí)的，這種經(jīng)歷是強(qiáng)大的。)”可知，蘇珊·穆拉巴納第一次用望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀察土星的時候是感到震驚的，驚奇的。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Withjustatelescopeandamobileinflatableplanetarium(天文館),theyaimtochangelivesbygivingchildrenachancetoseeSaturn,themoon,andvariousstars,whileteachingthembasicscienceandastrophysics.(他們只需要一臺望遠(yuǎn)鏡和一個移動充氣天文館，他們的目標(biāo)是通過給孩子們一個看到土星、月球和各種恒星的機(jī)會來改變生活，同時教他們基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)和天體物理學(xué)。)”以及第四段““A12-year-oldboyineasternKenyaeventoldus,‘Iusedtothinkscientistslie,butnowIbelieveinscience.’”Murabanabelievesastronomy,orevensimplytheactoflookingupatthesky,establishesanawarenessoftheneedtoprotectourplanetandhelpschildrenlookatourownplanetmuchmoreobjectively.(“肯尼亞東部一個12歲的男孩甚至告訴我們，‘我以前認(rèn)為科學(xué)家在撒謊，但現(xiàn)在我相信科學(xué)?！盡urabana認(rèn)為，天文學(xué)，甚至只是仰望天空的行為，建立了保護(hù)我們星球的意識，并幫助孩子們更客觀地看待我們自己的星球。)”可知，提到小男孩是為了說明她項(xiàng)目的影響。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“ThereisalsoamorepersonalmotivationforMurabana’swork—fightingagainsttheperceptionheldbymostKenyansthatastronomyisaWesternscience.(Murabana的工作還有一個更個人的動機(jī)——反對大多數(shù)肯尼亞人認(rèn)為天文學(xué)是西方科學(xué)的看法。)”可推知，肯尼亞人沒有意識到本國對于天文學(xué)的參與。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“WhiletravelingwiththeorganizationtoschoolsandvillagesinherhomecountryofKenya,andhelpingteachyoungchildren,sherealizedshewantedchildreninKenya,especiallygirls,tobeasexposedtoastronomyaschildreninthedevelopedcountrieswere.(在與該組織一起前往她的祖國肯尼亞的學(xué)校和村莊，并幫助教育年幼的孩子時，她意識到她希望肯尼亞的孩子，尤其是女孩，能像發(fā)達(dá)國家的孩子一樣接觸天文學(xué)。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文講述的是蘇珊·穆拉巴納幫助肯尼亞孩子學(xué)習(xí)天文學(xué)的故事。D項(xiàng)“EmpoweringKenyanYouthThroughAstronomy（通過天文學(xué)賦予肯尼亞青年力量）”概括全文，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。CMorphobutterfliesaresomeofthemostbeautifulbutterfliesintheworld,thankstotheirshiningbluewings.Now,anewmaterialinspiredbybutterflywingswasdevelopedbyresearchersfromShenzhenUniversityinChina.Thismaterial,atypeofcoloredfilm,canhelpkeeptheobjectsitisattachedtocoolerthanthetemperaturearoundit.Theproblemofcolorandtheabsorptionofheathastroubledscientistsforcenturies.Anyobjectthatcontainscolorwillheatupfaster.Thissomewhatcomplexissuehasimplicationsforasurprisingnumberofreal-worldissues.Inbuildings,largeamountsofenergyareusedforcoolingandrunningtheairconditionerinelectriccarscangreatlyreducethedrivingrange.Inordertocreateamaterialthatcouldavoidtheseissues,Dr.WanlinWangandhisteamlookedtonatureforinspiration,asisoftenthecaseinscienceresearch.Specifically,theylookedattheMorphobutterfly.AccordingtoNewScientist,thewingsofthisbrilliantlybluebutterflyaremadeofnanoparticles(納米級顆粒)arrangedinaparticularwaythatbendandbouncelightwavestocreatecolorasopposedtoabsorbingthem.Thisallowsthemtokeepcool.Wangandhisteamarenotthefirstteamtocreatematerialsthatallowforpassivecoolingusingthepropertiesoflight;however,theyarethefirsttodosoincolor.Allothermaterialshavebeenwhiteorclear,whilethenewfilmcomesinbrightblue,yellowandred.Inordertotesttheirnewmaterial,Wangandhisteamplacedsheetsoffilminvariouscolorsoncars,clothing,cellphones,androofs,from9amto4pm,bothinwinterandsummer.Theydiscoveredthatthefilmsweremorethan59°Fcoolerinthewinterand95°Fcoolerinthesummer.Theirhopeisthateventuallythistypeoffilmwillbeusedtocoverelectriccars,butintruththepossibilitiesareendless:stainedglasswindowsthatkeepskyscraperscool,self-coolingcampingtents,cool-lookingcomputersthatdon’toverheat,etc.Allofthesemayonedaybearealitythankstothebeautifulmorphobutterfly.8.Whatisstressedinparagraph2?A.Thecomplexityofcoolingdownbuildings.B.Thenecessityofcreatingnewcoolingmaterials.C.Theprinciplesofcolorandheatabsorption.D.Theapplicationsoftherecentlydevelopedfilm.9.Whatplaysakeyroleinhelpingthemorphobutterflykeepcool?A.Itsuniqueshape.B.Thepropertyoflightwaves.C.Itsbrilliantcolor.D.Thenanostructureofitswings.10.Whatisspecialaboutthenewmaterial?A.Itpioneerspassivecooling. B.Itisacoloredcoolingmaterial.C.Itssizevarieswithtemperature. D.Itscreationisinspiredbynature.11.Whichcanbestdescribetheprospectofthenewmaterial?A.Uncertain.B.DiscouragingC.Promising.D.Risky.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。介紹了深圳大學(xué)的研究人員受到藍(lán)色Morpho蝴蝶翅膀的啟發(fā)，開發(fā)出一種新型材料，這種彩色薄膜能夠使貼在物體上的表面比周圍溫度更涼爽?！敬鸢浮?.B9.D10.B11.C【8題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Theproblemofcolorandtheabsorptionofheathastroubledscientistsforcenturies.Anyobjectthatcontainscolorwillheatupfaster.Thissomewhatcomplexissuehasimplicationsforasurprisingnumberofreal-worldissues.Inbuildings,largeamountsofenergyareusedforcoolingandrunningtheairconditionerinelectriccarscangreatlyreducethedrivingrange.(幾個世紀(jì)以來，顏色和熱量的吸收問題一直困擾著科學(xué)家。任何含有顏色的物體都會更快地升溫。這個有點(diǎn)復(fù)雜的問題對許多現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問題都有影響。在建筑物中，大量的能源被用于冷卻，而在電動汽車中運(yùn)行空調(diào)可以大大減少行駛里程)”可知，本段主要講述了大量的能源因?yàn)椴牧显虮焕速M(fèi)，所以強(qiáng)調(diào)了創(chuàng)造新的冷卻材料的必要性。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AccordingtoNewScientist,thewingsofthisbrilliantlybluebutterflyaremadeofnanoparticles(納米級顆粒)arrangedinaparticularwaythatbendandbouncelightwavestocreatecolorasopposedtoabsorbingthem.Thisallowsthemtokeepcool.(據(jù)《新科學(xué)家》報(bào)道，這種亮藍(lán)色蝴蝶的翅膀是由納米粒子組成的，它們以一種特殊的方式排列，可以彎曲和反射光波，從而產(chǎn)生顏色，而不是吸收它們。這可以讓它們保持涼爽)”可知，翅膀的納米結(jié)構(gòu)在幫助morphobutterfly保持涼爽方面起著關(guān)鍵作用。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Wangandhisteamarenotthefirstteamtocreatematerialsthatallowforpassivecoolingusingthepropertiesoflight;however,theyarethefirsttodosoincolor.Allothermaterialshavebeenwhiteorclear,whilethenewfilmcomesinbrightblue,yellowandred.(王和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)并不是第一個利用光的特性制造被動冷卻材料的團(tuán)隊(duì)；然而，他們是第一個使用彩色材料的團(tuán)隊(duì)。所有其他材料都是白色或透明的，而新的薄膜有亮藍(lán)色、黃色和紅色)”可知，這種新材料的特別之處是它是一種有色冷卻材料。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theirhopeisthateventuallythistypeoffilmwillbeusedtocoverelectriccars,butintruththepossibilitiesareendless:stainedglasswindowsthatkeepskyscraperscool,self-coolingcampingtents,cool-lookingcomputersthatdon’toverheat,etc.Allofthesemayonedaybearealitythankstothebeautifulmorphobutterfly.(他們希望這種薄膜最終能被用于覆蓋電動汽車，但事實(shí)上，這種薄膜的可能性是無窮無盡的：讓摩天大樓保持涼爽的彩色玻璃窗、自冷的露營帳篷、看起來很酷、不會過熱的電腦等等。有一天，多虧了美麗的大閃蝶，這一切都可能成為現(xiàn)實(shí))”可知，這種新材料的可能性是無窮無盡的，所以是有前途的。故選C項(xiàng)。DWhenIwasayoungpostdoctoralresearcheratCambridge,Imetabeardedprofessoratafancydinner.Heaskedme,“Soyoungman,whatdoyoudo?”ItoldhimIwasworkingonthegenetics(遺傳學(xué))ofchildhoodobesity(肥胖癥).“Ha!Doyouknowwhatyourproblemis?”hereplied.“Yougivefatpeopleanexcuse.”Theprofessor’sreplythrewme.Iwasabouttopushback,whenitoccurredtomethatthisviewwassharedbymuchofsociety.Obesityisseenasaproblemofphysics;peoplejustneedtoeatlessandmovemore.Butalthoughhowwegettoourbodyweightisreliantonphysics,therealquestioniswhy?Whydosomepeoplelovefood,whileforothersit’ssimplyfuel?Besidespowerfulsocietalandculturalinfluences,thereareequallypowerfulgeneticfactorsthatinfluenceoureating,andhenceourbodyweight.Largepopulation-basedstudies,suchasUKBiobank,asurveyofnearlyhalfamillionadults,havehelpedtorevealthegeneticarchitectureunderlyingdifferencesinbodysize.Butthechildhoodobesitydatadonotexist.Andthat’saproblem,becauseweknowthatchildrenwithobesityprobablywillgrowintoadultswithobesity.Thus,understandingthegeneticsandnaturalhistoryofchildhoodobesitywillplayakeyroleinitstreatmentandprevention.Luckily,thereishope.D-CYPHR,ageneticsresearchprogramme,isopentoeverychild.Itaimstocreateatrulyinclusiveresearchsampleandinvestigatearangeofconditions,forwhichobesityisamajorcontributingfactor.D-CYPHRisambitiousandwillfacechallengesincreatingatrulyinclusiveresearchsample.Butifitdoes,itwillcircumventmanyoftheproblemsinadulthealthresearchbybuildinginclusivityinfromthebeginning.YoucanhelppioneernewtreatmentsformillionsofpeoplebyhelpingunlockthepowerhidinginyourDNA.Now,anationwidemovementforages0—15isbeingheldandallyouneedtodoisspit(吐)inatubeandcompleteashorthealthandlifestylequestionnaire.12.What’sthetonecarriedintheprofessor’sreply?A.Dismissive.B.SympatheticC.Delighted.D.Admiring13.Whatisalimitationofthepreviousstudiesonobesity?A.Limitedsizeofparticipants. B.Inaccuratesampleanalysis.C.Lackofdataonchildhoodobesity. D.Failuretomapadults’geneticcode.14.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“circumvent”inparagraph4?A.Discuss.B.FaceC.AvoidD.Create.15.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodointhelastparagraph?A.Tocallforaction.B.Todrawaconclusion.C.Tosumupthetext.D.Tocriticizemisconduct.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。作者在劍橋遇到質(zhì)疑其肥胖癥遺傳學(xué)研究的教授，引發(fā)對肥胖癥背后復(fù)雜因素的思考。文章將探討遺傳、文化和社會因素如何影響體重，并介紹D-CYPHR項(xiàng)目。呼吁參與研究，為肥胖癥治療和預(yù)防做出貢獻(xiàn)。【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.A【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenIwasayoungpostdoctoralresearcheratCambridge,Imetabeardedprofessoratafancydinner.Heaskedme,“Soyoungman,whatdoyoudo?”ItoldhimIwasworkingonthegenetics(遺傳學(xué))ofchildhoodobesity(肥胖癥).“Ha!Doyouknowwhatyourproblemis?”hereplied.“Yougivefatpeopleanexcuse.”(當(dāng)我還是劍橋大學(xué)年輕的博士后研究員時，我在一次高檔晚宴上遇到了一位大胡子教授。他問我：“年輕人，你是做什么的?”我告訴他，我正在研究兒童肥胖的遺傳學(xué)?！肮?你知道你的問題是什么嗎?”他回答說?！澳憬o了胖子一個借口。”)”可知，教授認(rèn)為作者的研究給了胖子一個借口，教授不認(rèn)可作者的研究，所以是輕蔑的的語氣。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Largepopulation-basedstudies,suchasUKBiobank,asurveyofnearlyhalfamillionadults,havehelpedtorevealthegeneticarchitectureunderlyingdifferencesinbodysize.Butthechildhoodobesitydatadonotexist.Andthat’saproblem,becauseweknowthatchildrenwithobesityprobablywillgrowintoadultswithobesity.Thus,understandingthegeneticsandnaturalhistoryofchildhoodobesitywillplayakeyroleinitstreatmentandprevention.(大型人群研究，如英國生物銀行，一項(xiàng)對近50萬成年人的調(diào)查，有助于揭示體型差異的基因結(jié)構(gòu)。但是兒童肥胖的數(shù)據(jù)并不存在。這是一個問題，因?yàn)槲覀冎阑加蟹逝职Y的兒童長大后可能會患有肥胖癥。因此，了解兒童肥胖的遺傳和自然歷史將在其治療和預(yù)防中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用)”可知，以前關(guān)于肥胖的研究缺乏關(guān)于兒童肥胖的數(shù)據(jù)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Luckily,thereishope.D-CYPHR,ageneticsresearchprogramme,isopentoeverychild.Itaimstocreateatrulyinclusiveresearchsampleandinvestigatearangeofconditions,forwhichobesityisamajorcontributingfactor.(幸運(yùn)的是，還有希望。D-CYPHR是一個遺傳學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目，對每個孩子開放。它旨在創(chuàng)建一個真正具有包容性的研究樣本，并調(diào)查一系列疾病，其中肥胖是一個主要因素)”可知，D-CYPHR的目的是創(chuàng)建一個真正具有包容性的研究樣本，從而避免相關(guān)問題，所以推知circumvent是“避免”意思，和C項(xiàng)意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“YoucanhelppioneernewtreatmentsformillionsofpeoplebyhelpingunlockthepowerhidinginyourDNA.Now,anationwidemovementforages0—15isbeingheldandallyouneedtodoisspit(吐)inatubeandcompleteashorthealthandlifestylequestionnaire.(通過釋放隱藏在你DNA中的力量，你可以幫助開拓?cái)?shù)百萬人的新療法?，F(xiàn)在，一場針對0-15歲青少年的全國性運(yùn)動正在進(jìn)行，你所要做的就是在管子里吐口水，然后完成一份簡短的健康和生活方式問卷)”可知，此處作者在號召完成一份簡短的健康和生活方式問卷。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Leave-No-TraceCampingForthoseofuswholovespendingtimeinthegreatoutdoors,wildspacesareveryspecial.Theseareplaceswevisittorecharge,ortofillourheartswithnaturalbeauty.___16___Ifyoufeelthisway,thenyou’retheperfectpersontopromoteandpracticeLeave-No-Tracecamping.Itsprinciplesaretotreatthewildernessthewayadecentvisitorwouldandleaveeverythingjustasyoufoundit,withnoevidencethatyoupassedthrough.___17___That’sbecauseyourvisitmakesaminimalimpactontheenvironment.Youcancarryouttheseidealsinanumberofways.Beginbypackingoutallyourlitter.Wheneveryougocamping,takeanemptytrashbagwithyouandputallgarbageintothebag.Inaddition,trynottodamagevegetation.___18___Whereveryougo,thinkaboutwhatyourheavyshoesorbootsaredoingtotheplantsunderneathandtrytokeepdamagetoaminimum.It’salsoimportantthatyoushouldnottakethingsawayfromthewilderness.Rocks,plants,flowersandseashellsareallpartofthenaturallandscape.___19___Plus,manyanimalsfindhomesandfoodinabandonedshellsandflower-heads,andthesearethingstheywouldmissifyoucollectedthem.Leave-No-Tracecampingisaboutbeingrespectfulandthoughtful.It’sabouthonoringthenaturalworldandthecreaturesthatliveinit.Ifyouloveseeinganuntouchedmountainstreamoralovelyfieldofwildflowers,thenyou’vealreadytakenthefirststep.___20___A.Thismeansnotsteppingintoawildanimal’sspace.B.Thisisalsocalled“l(fā)owimpact”or“noimpact”camping.C.Oncetakenaway,theywon’tbethereforotherstoenjoy.D.Anincreasingnumberofpeopletakeupcampinginthewilderness.E.Whenyouputupyourtent,trytofindaplacethat’salreadybareofplants.F.Wehatetoseethemlitteredwithrubbishoranyremindersofpreviousvisitors.G.FollowthesebasicpracticesandyoucanbemodelsoftheLeave-No-Tracephilosophy.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了踐行“不留痕跡”露營的注意事項(xiàng)。【答案】16.F17.B18.E19.C20.G【16題詳析】下文“Ifyoufeelthisway,thenyou’retheperfectpersontopromoteandpracticeLeave-No-Tracecamping.(如果你有這種感覺，那么你就是推廣和實(shí)踐“不留痕跡”露營的最佳人選)”說明了一種條件，故上文需要指明“feelthisway”是什么感覺，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Wehatetoseethemlitteredwithrubbishoranyremindersofpreviousvisitors.(我們不愿看到它們到處都是垃圾，也不愿看到任何提醒我們以前來過的人的東西)”照應(yīng)下文“feelthisway”，銜接恰當(dāng)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】下文“That’sbecauseyourvisitmakesaminimalimpactontheenvironment.(這是因?yàn)槟愕膮⒂^對環(huán)境的影響很小)”指明了一件事情的原因，B項(xiàng)“Thisisalsocalled“l(fā)owimpact”or“noimpact”camping.(這也被稱為“低影響”或“無影響”露營)”中的“This”照應(yīng)上文“Leave-No-Tracecamping”，并與下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，因?yàn)槟愕膮⒂^對環(huán)境的影響很小，所以它又被稱為“低影響”或“無影響”露營。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】上文“Inaddition,trynottodamagevegetation.(另外，盡量不要破壞植被)”說明露營時，要保護(hù)植被，E項(xiàng)“Whenyouputupyourtent,trytofindaplacethat’salreadybareofplants.(當(dāng)你搭帳篷的時候，盡量找一個沒有植物的地方)”用具體的事例說明如何做到不破壞植被，銜接恰當(dāng)。故選E項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】上文“It’salsoimportantthatyoushouldnottakethingsawayfromthewilderness.Rocks,plants,flowersandseashellsareallpartofthenaturallandscape.(同樣重要的是，你不應(yīng)該從野外拿走東西。巖石、植物、花朵和貝殼都是自然景觀的一部分)”說明不應(yīng)該帶走野外生長的東西，C項(xiàng)“Oncetakenaway,theywon’tbethereforotherstoenjoy.(一旦被拿走，別人就無法再那里欣賞到它們了)”銜接上文，說明帶走野外生長的東西會導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，“they”指代上文“Rocks,plants,flowersandseashells”，符合句意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】上文“Ifyouloveseeinganuntouchedmountainstreamoralovelyfieldofwildflowers,thenyou’vealreadytakenthefirststep.(如果你喜歡看一條未受污染的山間溪流或一片美麗的野花，那么你已經(jīng)邁出了第一步)”說明有欣賞自然之美的心就是實(shí)踐“不留痕跡”露營的第一步，G項(xiàng)“FollowthesebasicpracticesandyoucanbemodelsoftheLeave-No-Tracephilosophy.(遵循這些基本做法，你就可以成為踐行不留痕跡露營的典范)”段尾句總結(jié)了全文內(nèi)容，“thesebasicpractices”指代上文提到的一切尊重和體貼大自然的舉動，并照應(yīng)開頭“Ifyoufeelthisway,thenyou’retheperfectpersontopromoteandpracticeLeave-No-Tracecamping.(如果你有這種感覺，那么你就是推廣和實(shí)踐“不留痕跡”露營的最佳人選)”符合句意。故選G項(xiàng)。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。BillSumielwashavingatoughFriday.The71-year-old,whowasdealingwithkidney(腎)failure,___21___himselfatamedicalfacilityforthesecondtimein24hours.Hewasonthe___22___list,butnomatcheshadyetappeared.Soheproceededwithhistreatments.SumieltookanUbertoandfromhis___23___thatday.TimothyLetts,anUberdriver,wasdrivingnorthwhenhisphone___24___therequestforSumiel’sridehome.Astheysetoutonthedrive,thepairgotto___25___.Sumielmentionedthatinthepasthe’denjoyedvolunteeringathiscommunitybuthecouldhardly___26___itthesedays,becausethemedicaltreatmentslefthimexhausted.ThenSumielrevealedthathewassearchingforakidney___27___.ImpressedbySumiel’spositiveenergy,Lettssaid,“I’dliketoseeifIcouldbea___28___.”Sumielwasshocked.Hewasshakingsohardthathecould___29___writehisnamewhentheyexchangedcontactinformation.However,aftertheinitial___30___,Sumielstartedfeelingabitlessoptimistic.Hewas___31___byLetts’soffer,buthecouldn’thelpwonderingifithadjustbeenanemotionalmoment.WouldhehearfromLetts?Andwhatwasthe___32___thatthey’dbeamatch?ButLettswastruetohis___33___.HegotintouchwithSumieljustafewhourslater,andbythenextweek,Lettshadcontactedthekidneytransplantprogram.Afteramonth’sscreeningprocess,theresultswerein:Lettswasa(n)___34___donor.SoonSumielandLettshadtheirsurgeriessuccessfully.Sumielis___35___withintensegratitude.“Afterall,”hesays,“l(fā)ivingdonorsarespecialpeople.”21.A.imagined B.found C.volunteered D.introduced22.A.experiment B.competition C.transplant D.recommendation23.A.shift B.research C.company D.appointment24.A.received B.blocked C.leaked D.stored25.A.bargaining B.chatting C.joking D.complaining26.A.stickat B.relyon C.putupwith D.breakawayfrom27.A.project B.report C.donor D.expert28.A.match B.comfort C.partner D.sponsor29.A.neatly B.barely C.simply D.possibly30.A.hesitation B.guilt C.excitement D.doubt31.A.bothered B.confused C.embarrassed D.touched32.A.likelihood B.explanation C.criterion D.proof33.A.duty B.word C.dream D.status34.A.honest B.selfless C.extra D.ideal35.A.burdened B.concerned C.consumed D.blessed【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了71的BillSumiel因?yàn)槟I衰竭需要腎移植，但是找不到合適的腎源。有一天BillSumiel打了一輛出租車回家，他在車上和出租車司機(jī)Letts閑聊時告訴了司機(jī)他的困境。出租車司機(jī)說他可以去做配型。在配型后，Letts的腎適合移植給Sumiel。事后，Sumiel對Letts表示了謝意?！敬鸢浮?1.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.A27.C28.A29.B30.C31.D32.A33.B34.D35.C【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這位71歲的腎衰竭患者24小時內(nèi)第二次在醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)被發(fā)現(xiàn)。A.imagined想象；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.volunteered自愿；D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)句中“whowasdealingwithkidney(腎)failure”可知，腎衰竭患者在處理腎衰竭問題，所以他應(yīng)該是發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在24小時內(nèi)第二次出現(xiàn)在醫(yī)院。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他在移植名單上，但還沒有匹配的人出現(xiàn)。A.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；B.competition競爭；C.transplant移植；D.recommendation正式建議。根據(jù)上文“The71-year-old,whowasdealingwithkidney(腎)failure”可知，Sumiel有腎衰竭，所以他需要腎移植。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Sumiel當(dāng)天乘坐Uber打車往返于他的約定地點(diǎn)。A.shift改變；B.research研究；C.company公司；D.appointment約定。根據(jù)上文“Soheproceededwithhistreatments.”可知，由于沒有合適的腎源，所以Sumiel得得繼續(xù)接受治療，他使用Uber打車，去醫(yī)院接受預(yù)定的治療。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Uber司機(jī)TimothyLetts開車向北行駛時，他的手機(jī)收到了Sumiel回家的請求。A.received收到；B.blocked阻塞；C.leaked泄漏；D.stored存儲。根據(jù)下文“therequestforSumiel’sridehome”可知，Uber的司機(jī)收到了Sumiel打車的請求。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們開車出發(fā)時，兩人開始聊天。A.bargaining討價還價；B.chatting聊天；C.joking開玩笑；D.complaining抱怨。根據(jù)下文“Sumielmentionedthatinthepasthe’denjoyedvolunteeringathiscommunity”可知，他們在車上閑聊。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：Sumiel提到，過去他很喜歡在社區(qū)做志愿者，但現(xiàn)在他很難堅(jiān)持下去，因?yàn)獒t(yī)療讓他筋疲力盡。A.stickat堅(jiān)持；B.relyon依賴；C.putupwith忍受；D.breakawayfrom脫離。根據(jù)下文“becausethemedicaltreatmentslefthimexhausted”可知，由于治療讓他疲憊，所以他不能再堅(jiān)持做社區(qū)的志愿者。故選A。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨后Sumiel透露，他正在尋找腎臟捐獻(xiàn)者。A.project項(xiàng)目；B.report報(bào)告；C.donor供體；D.expert專家。根據(jù)上文“Hewasonthe_____list,butnomatcheshadyetappeared.”可知，Sumiel需要腎移植，所以他正在找供體。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Letts對Sumiel的正能量印象深刻，他說：“我想看看我是否能匹配成功。”A.match匹配；B.comfort舒適；C.partner合伙人；D.sponsor贊助商。根據(jù)下文“HegotintouchwithSumieljustafewhourslater,andbythenextweek,Lettshadcontactedthekidneytransplantprogram.”可知，Letts被Sumiel感動，所以他想要去做配型，看看是否能夠成功。故選A。【29題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們交換聯(lián)系方式時，他抖得很厲害，幾乎寫不出自己的名字。A.neatly整潔；B.barely幾乎不；C.simply僅僅；D.possibly可能地。根據(jù)上文“Hewasshakingsohard”可知，Sumiel激動的手都在顫抖，所以他幾乎寫不出他的名字。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在最初的興奮之后，Sumiel開始感到不那么樂觀了。A.hesitation猶豫；B.guilt有罪；C.excitement興奮；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)上文“Sumielwasshocked.”可知，剛開始知道Letts想要去配型后Sumiel感到很興奮和激動，但不久Sumiel就冷靜了下來。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他被Letts提供的善意打動了，但他忍不住想知道這是否只是一個激動人心的時刻。A.bothered打擾的；B.confused困惑的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.touched感動的。根據(jù)空后“ Sumielwasshocked.Hewasshakingsohardthat”可知，對于Letts主動提供幫助這件事他很感動。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們匹配的可能性有多大？A.likelihood可能性；B.explanation解釋；C.criterion標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；D.proof證據(jù)。根據(jù)上文“buthecouldn’thelpwonderingifithadjustbeenanemotionalmoment.”可知，Sumiel對這件事開始有點(diǎn)不確定，他在想配型的可能性有多大。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但Letts信守諾言。A.duty職責(zé)；B.word承諾；C.dream夢；D.status地位。根據(jù)下文“HegotintouchwithSumieljustafewhourslater,andbythenextweek,Lettshadcontactedthekidneytransplantprogram.”可知，Sumiel對Letts是否來配型表示懷疑，但是Letts確實(shí)履行了承諾。故選B。【34題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過一個月的篩選，結(jié)果是：Letts是一個理想的捐贈者。A.honest誠實(shí)的；B.selfless無私的；C.extra額外的；D.ideal完美的。根據(jù)下文“SoonSumielandLettshadtheirsurgeriessuccessfully.”可知，兩個人的配型成功了。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Sumiel滿懷感激之情。A.burdened負(fù)擔(dān)過重；B.concerned關(guān)心的；C.consumed沉迷……的；D.blessed祝福的。根據(jù)空后“intensegratitude”可知，Sumiel對于Letts充滿了感激之情。beconsumedwith“被某種感情吞噬”。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheYellowRiverNo.1TouristHighway,builtin2018inShanxiprovince,wasdesigned___36___(string)togetherscenicspotsalongtheriver.Visitorscanbothenjoyovernightaccommodationsinuniquecavedwellings(窯洞),withaspecialchancetosleepona“Kang”—acomfortableclay-and-brickbedheatedfromwithin___37___tastedeliciousfarm-to-tablecuisinewhileexperiencingthebeautyoftheYellowRiver.Thankstothisinitiative,Laoniuwanvillage,anintersection___38___theGreatWallmeetstheYellowRiver,hasbeentransformedintoapopulartouristdestination.ThevillagerGuoJian