【期末高一下】福建省三明市2018-2019學年高一下學期期末質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（解析版）

2/2三明市2018-2019學年第二學期普通高中期末質(zhì)量檢測高一英語試題試卷滿分100分；考試時間120分鐘本試卷由四個部分組成。其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一節(jié)為選擇題。第三部分的第二節(jié)和第四部分為非選擇題?？忌⒁猓?.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學校、班級、姓名填寫在答題卡上?？忌J真核對答題卡上的信息。2.第一卷每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。第二卷用黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上書寫作答。如在試卷上作答，答案無效。3.考試結(jié)束，監(jiān)考員將答題卡收回。第一部分聽力理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完后，每小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.&19.15.B.￡9.15.C.￡9.18.答案是B。1.Withwhomwillthewomanspendthisweekend？A.Theman.B.Sam.C.Hergrandparents.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttheboytodo？A.EathissupperB.Dohishomework.C.Watchafootballgame.3.Whatdoestheman'sfatherdo?A.Heisasoldier.B.Heisaconductor.C.Heisapoliceman.4.WhereisthewomanprobablygoingforChristmas？A.Tohersister's.B.Toherbrother's.C.Toherparents'5.WhatdoesthemanthinkofEva？A.She'sabletobeagoodworker.B.Shehaslearnedalotfromherfather.C.She'stooyoungtobeagoodmanager.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesTimothydoallthetime？A.Studyathome.B.Playallthetime.C.Talkwithotherkids.7.WhydoTimothy'sparentswanthimtoplaysports？A.Theythinkhewillstudybetter.B.Theywanthimtomakefriends.C.Theythinkhewillbegoodatit.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whyisn'tthewomanrunningnow？A.Shedoesn'tlikerunninganymore.B.Shecan'tfindatracktorunaround.C.Shedoesn'thavemuchtimeforthat.9Wheredoesthewomanlivenow？ANearheroffice.B.Nearagym.C.Nearsomefields.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthewomanusuallydoontheweekends？A.Haveabikerace.B.WorkwithherfriendsC.Helpherfatherintheshop.11.Howdoesthemanusuallygotowork?A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.12.Whatwillthemanprobablybuy?A.Aracingbike.B.Amountainbike.C.Asecond-handbike.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wheredidthewomanhearaboutthenews？A.InanewspaperB.ontheInternet.C.Ontelevision14.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthenews？A.It'snotabadidea.B.It`shighlynecessary.C.Itdoesn'tmakeanysense.15.Whyarepeoplewalkingintothestoppedcars？A.Theyarenotpayingattention.B.Thecarsareblockingthestreet.C.Thelightisn`tgreenforlongenough.16.Whatisalreadyforbiddenbythelaw?A.Nophoneswhiledriving.B.Nophonesonthesidewalk.C.Nophoneswhilecrossingthestreet.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatcausedthetraffictostop？A.Thesnow.B.Thestorm.C.Thewind.18.Whatdayisittoday？A.ThursdayB.Friday.C.Saturday.19.WhatshouldyoutaketoworkonFriday？A.Aheavycoat.B.Alightjacket.C.Apairofboots.20.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonSunday？A.Coldandrainy.B.Coldandcloudy.C.Coldandwindy第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ABodylanguageplaysabigroleincommunicationasitgivesusmessagesabouttheotherpersonthatwecaninterpretnon-verballyjustbasedonourfeeling.Therearefourtypestobeawareof.Eyecontactisoneofthemostdirectandpowerfulfacialexpressions.Theeyesarealwaystalking.Theuseofeyecontactvariessignificantlyfromculturetoculture.Insomeregions,directeyecontactisoftenconsideredasignoftrustworthiness.So,ifyou'reinAmerica,youshouldknowsoft,attentiveeyecontactwouldconveyhonesty.However,ahard,unblinkingstarewillsendamuchdifferentmessage,similartothemeaningofdirecteyecontactinsomeregions.Gesturescanbeusedtoemphasize（強調(diào)）meaning.Pressingfingerstogethertoformasteepleslowsinterestanddetermination.Touchingthenoseorrubbingeyesindicatesdiscomfort.Ahandtothebackoftheneckmayindicateyouarenotinterestedinaconversation.Bodyposturecanbeclosedoropen.Afirmhandshakewillgivetheimpressionofhonesty.Foldingarmsacrossyourchestorbodyisprotective.Peoplewitharmsfolded,legscrossedandbodiesturnedawayrejectmessages.Aheadheldstraightupsignalsaneuralattitude.Aheadsidewardsindicatesinterest.Aheaddownisnegative.Thepositionofspeakersandlisteners:face-to-face,side-to-side,orback-to-back,cansendpowerfulmessages.Inagroupsituation,whentheleaderfacesthegroupandturnstowardtheonewhoisspeaking,thisconveysstrongattention.Whentwopeoplearecommunicating,competitorsmorepossiblysitfacingeachotherwhilecooperatorssitside-by-side.1.Whichofthefollowingbodylanguagecanmeanorexpresshonesty？A.Aheadsidewardsortouchingthenose.B.Attentiveeyecontactorafirmhandshake.C.Afirmhandshakeorfoldingarmsacrossone'schest.D.Attentiveeyecontactorfoldingarmsacrossone'schest2.Whatshowsyourdiscomfortintheconversation？A.Touchingthenoseorrubbingeyes.B.Foldingarmsacrossyourchestorbody.C.Puttingahandtothebackoftheneck.D.Pressingfingerstogethertoformasteeple.3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"reject”underlinedinParagraph4？A.Feeldown. B.Carefor.C.Turndown. D.Agreewith.4.WhichtypeofbodylanguagedotheexamplesinParagraph5belongto？A.Facialexpressions. B.Gestures.C.Bodyposture. D.Spacerelationship.5.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Typesofbodylanguage. B.Theoriginofbodylanguage.C.Howtolearnbodylanguage. D.Howtousebodylanguage.【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D5.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，肢體語言在交流中起著重要作用，本文主要介紹了人們在交往中四種主要的肢體語言?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“So,ifyou'reinAmerica,youshouldknowsoft,attentiveeyecontactwouldconveyhonesty.”和第四段第二句“Afirmhandshakewillgivetheimpressionofhonesty.”可知attentiveeyecontact或afirmhandshake都表示誠實。故B項正確?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Touchingthenoseorrubbingeyesindicatesdiscomfort.”可知摸鼻子或揉眼睛都是表示不舒服的肢體語言。故A項正確?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本段第一句“Bodyposturecanbeclosedoropen.”可知本段介紹的是與“接受和反對”相關(guān)的肢體語言。本句“Peoplewitharmsfolded,legscrossedandbodiesturnedawayrejectmessages.”中的關(guān)鍵詞“turnaway”都通常都表示負面含義，所以本句中reject通常表示拒絕。故C項正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Thepositionofspeakersandlisteners:face-to-face,side-to-side,orback-to-back,cansendpowerfulmessages.”的“面對面、肩并肩、背對背”，這些位置都表示人們在交流時的空間關(guān)系，可知本段主要講述的是交流時雙方的空間位置關(guān)系。故D項正確。【5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Therearefourtypestobeawareof.”可知本文主要介紹的是與人交往時四種不同的肢體語言。作者在2-5段中對這些肢體原因進行了具體闡述。故A項正確。BTheyhadtogetmanypeopleoutoftheburningbuildingasquicklyastheycould.Sotheytoldthemtojumpoutofthewindow.Thefirstoneoutofthewindowwasaman.Hewasfollowedbyhistwochildren.Next,ababyandthenthebaby'smothercameflyingoutofthethird-storeyedwindow,alldrivenbydesperationandthesmokethatwascomingfromtheapartment.BrianSmithandCoreyBoykinhelpedthemall."Wecaughteverythingthatcameoutofthewindow."Smithsaid.Afirestartedonthesecondfloor."Igotmyfamilyout,"saidSmith."ThenIstartedbangingondoorsonthefirstfloor.Itriedgettingtothesecondfloor,butthesmokewastooblack.Icouldn'tsee;Icouldn'tbreathe.SoIturnedaroundandcameoutside.That'swhenIsawpeoplehangingoutofthewindow.”BoykinwasathisfriendMelanieNunemaker'shouse,acrossthestreetfromtheapartment.Heknewsomethingwaswrongwhenhesawababydropoutofthewindow.CatchingthechildbelowwasSmith.Boykinrantoanearbyhousetogetaladderandrushedbacktohelp.HefoundSmithwithhisarmsoutstretched,shouting,"Jump!Igetyou."Hecaughtseveralpeople.Boykinclimbedtheladdertowarmpeopleonthethirdfloortoturnaroundandcometowardhimbecausetheycouldn'tseethroughthesmoke.Andhewasn'tfinished.WhenBoykinsawhisburnt-outneighbors，hetook20ofthembacktoNunemaker'shouse."Theygaveusclothes，shoes，whatevertheyhad-andwedidn't，"oneoftheneighborsChaseRaysaid,"Theysavedus."6.Whydidpeoplejumpfromthebuilding？A.Theyfaceddeadlythreat. B.Theirhousesweredamaged.C.Theirdoorswerelocked. D.Theyknewtheywouldbesafe.7.WhatdidBoykindowhenheknewsomethingwaswrong？A.Hegothisfamilyout. B.Hecametotherescue.C.Hecaughtadroppingbaby. D.Hestartedbangingondoors.8.Whosavedthepeopleonthethirdfloor?A.NunemakerandChaseRay. B.SmithandNunemaker.C.ChaseRayandBoykin. D.BoykinandSmith.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"wedidn't"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Wedidn'tgiveclothestoothers. B.Wedidn'tlivecomfortably.C.Wedidn'thavethesethings. D.Wedidn'tacceptthesethings.10.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.AHeroicAct B."Help"C.AnAccident D.FourMen【答案】6.A7.B8.D9.C10.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了一棟大樓著火以后人們想方設(shè)法幫助被困在大樓里的人擺脫危險的事情?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Next,ababyandthenthebaby'smothercameflyingoutofthethird-storeyedwindow,alldrivenbydesperationandthesmokethatwascomingfromtheapartment.”可知因為火災時產(chǎn)生濃煙以及人們的絕望，人們才從窗戶里跳出來。主要原因是因為他們的生命受到了致命的威脅。故A項正確。【7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Boykinrantoanearbyhousetogetaladderandrushedbacktohelp.”可知Boykin發(fā)現(xiàn)火災以后，他立刻在附近的房子里找了梯子，然后去救援那些被困在大火里的人。故B項正確?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“BrianSmithandCoreyBoykinhelpedthemall."Wecaughteverythingthatcameoutofthewindow."Smithsaid.”和第五段最后一句“Boykinclimbedtheladdertowarmpeopleonthethirdfloortoturnaroundandcometowardhimbecausetheycouldn'tseethroughthesmoke.”可知Boykin和Smith去救援了被困在三樓的人。故D項正確?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一句“"Theygaveusclothes，shoes，whatevertheyhad-andwedidn't，"oneoftheneighborsChaseRaysaid,"Theysavedus."”可知Boykin和Smith給受害者衣服鞋子等物資，這些東西正是受害者沒有的。如果他們有這些物資，Boykin和Smith沒有必要再給了。所以該短語的完整形式為“Wedidn'thavethesethings”，故C項正確?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。本文是一篇記敘文，第一段“Theyhadtogetmanypeopleoutoftheburningbuildingasquicklyastheycould.Sotheytoldthemtojumpoutofthewindow.”告訴我們因為大樓著火，人們想方設(shè)法幫助被困在大樓里的人脫困。在2-5段里詳細介紹了Boykin和Smith的永雄行為。故A項“AHeroicAct”符合中心思想。所以選擇A項。CTheMysteryofDarkMatterIfyoulookatthenightsky,you'lloftenseestarsmovingveryquickly.Infact,theymovemuchmorequicklythantheyshouldaccordingtotheirsizeandthelawsofphysics.Scientistsdonotcompletelyunderstandwhythespeedofthesestarsissohigh.Butmanybelievethereasonisthatmuchoftheuniverseismadeupofsomethingcalled"darkmatter".Groupsofstarscalledgalaxies,suchastheMilkyWay,mightevenconsistofninetypercentdarkmatter.Howmuchsomethingweighsdependsonwhereitis.ThesameobjectweighsonlyhalfasmuchonMarsasitdoesonEarthandalmostthreetimesasmuchonJupiter.Soscientistsprefertotalkaboutthemassofsomethingratherthanhowmuchitweighs,becausemassdoesnotchange.Theycanworkoutthemassofgalaxiesbymeasuringthedistancebetweenthemandthespeedtheymove.Recently,Dr.JorgePenarrubiaandateamfromEdinburghUniversitydiscoveredsomethinginteresting.ThemassoftheMilkyWayisonlyhalfasmuchasthemassofanothernearbygalaxy,Andromeda.Thisseemsstrange,butdarkmattermayexplainwhy.Findingoutmoreaboutdarkmattercouldhelpusunderstandhowtheuniversebegan,butthisisnoteasy.Lotsofscientistswithdifferenttypesofexpertknowledgeareworkingontheproblem.TheEdinburghteamisworkingwithmanyotheruniversitiesliketheUniversityofBritishColumbia.Wecan'tseedarkmatter,it'sverydifficulttomeasureandwecan'tfindoutitsmass.Unlikestars,darkmatterdoesn'tproduceorreflectlight.Butwecanmakeagoodguessthatitistherebecauseofthewaythingsmoveandthewaylightbends.ExpertsnowthinkdarkmattermaybeverydifferentfromthematterwhichwefindonEarth.Theremayalsobefivetimesasmuchdarkmatterintheuniverseasordinarymatter.TheSwissscientistFritzZwickyfirstgavedarkmatteritsnameinthenineteen-thirties.Researchershavebeenlookingforiteversince.Today,technologysuchastheLargeHadronCollideriscollectingmoreandmoreinformationbutthistechnologycannottelluseverything.Newwaysoffindingdarkmatterwillbeneeded.Investigatingdarkmattermayevenmeanwewillneedtostartaskingquestionsaboutthewaywelookattheuniverse,includingtheideasofAlbertEinstein.11.Inwhatwaydoscientistsfindoutthemassofgalaxies？A.Dependingonwheretheyare.B.Dependingonhowmuchtheyweigh.C.Accordingtothewaytheymoveandthelawsofphysics.D.Bycalculatinghowfarbetweenthemandhowfasttheymove.12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutdarkmatterisNOTTRUE？A.Itcan'tbeseen.B.Itdoesn'treflectlight.C.Itisnotunlikeordinarymatter.D.Itaffectsthemovementofthings.13.Whatmaygetresearcherslookingfordarkmatter？A.Tochangethewaylightbends.BToprovetheideasofAlbertEinstein.C.Tocollectmoreandmoreinformation.D.Tohelpunderstandtheoriginoftheuniverse.14.Howisthearticleorganized？(P:Paragraph)A. B.C. D.15.WhichheadingbestmatchesParagraph5?A.It'stherebutwecan'tseeit.B.Sharingideasleadstosuccess.C.Wemayneedtochangethewaywethink.D.Whatyoureyescanseecan'tbefullyexplained,【答案】11.D12.C13.D14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普說明文，主要介紹了人們對宇宙中的黑暗物質(zhì)的認知及研究?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Theycanworkoutthemassofgalaxiesbymeasuringthedistancebetweenthemandthespeedtheymove.”可知科學家們根據(jù)星星之間的距離和移動速度計算出銀河系的質(zhì)量。故D項正確?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Theremayalsobefivetimesasmuchdarkmatterintheuniverseasordinarymatter.”可知黑暗物質(zhì)和普通的物質(zhì)并不相同。故C項說法是錯誤的。所以選擇C項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句“Findingoutmoreaboutdarkmattercouldhelpusunderstandhowtheuniversebegan,butthisisnoteasy.Lotsofscientistswithdifferenttypesofexpertknowledgeareworkingontheproblem.”可知很多不同領(lǐng)域的科學家研究黑暗物質(zhì)是因為它可以幫助我們理解宇宙是如何開始的，也就是幫助我們理解宇宙的起源。故D項正確。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了宇宙中的黑暗物質(zhì)。第一段告訴我們宇宙中星星的移動速度很快的現(xiàn)象；第二段介紹了質(zhì)量和重量的差別。第二段最后一句是承上啟下句，由此引出第三、四段最黑暗物質(zhì)的介紹。最后一段介紹了科學家對于黑暗物質(zhì)研究的過程，我們要用新的方法來研究黑暗物質(zhì)。故D項中的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)是正確的?！?5題詳解】段落大意題。根據(jù)本段三四句“Today,technologysuchastheLargeHadronCollideriscollectingmoreandmoreinformationbutthistechnologycannottelluseverything.Newwaysoffindingdarkmatterwillbeneeded.”可知theLargeHadronCollider等并不能告訴我們與黑暗物質(zhì)相關(guān)的所有信息，我們需要新的研究方法。C項與本段中心思想一致，故選擇C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1分，滿分5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。FiveWaystoMakePeopleLikeYou●BeagoodlistenerEncourageotherstotalkaboutthemselves.Theeasiestwaytobecomeagoodconversationalist（健談的人）istobecomeagoodlistener.Tobeagoodlistener，wemustactuallycareaboutwhatpeoplehavetosay.___16___.Instead，theyjustwantsomeonewhowilllistentothem.●Smile___17___.Smilesarefreetogiveandhaveanamazingabilitytomakeothersfeelwonderful.Smileineverythingthatyoudo.●Rememberaperson'snameToanyperson，his/hernameisthesweetestandmostimportantsoundinanylanguage.___18___Peoplelovetheirnamessomuchthattheywilloftendonatelargeamountsofmoneyjusttohaveabuildingnamedafterthem.Wecanmakepeoplefeelextremelyvaluedandimportantbyrememberingtheirnames.●___19___Youcanmakemorefriendsintwomonthsbygivingattentiontothemthanbymakingthemcuriousaboutyouintwoyears.Theonlywaytomakequality，lastingfriendshipsistolearntobegenuinelyinterestedinthemandtheirinterests.●MaketheotherpersonfeelimportantanddoitsincerelyThegoldenruleistotreatotherpeoplehowwewouldliketobetreated.___20___Peoplewilltalktousforhoursifweallowthemtotalkaboutthemselves.Ifwecanmakepeoplefeelimportantinasincereandappreciativeway，thenwewillwinallthefriendswecouldeverdreamof.A.BecomegenuinelyinterestedinotherpeopleB.ShareyourinterestswithotherpeoplearoundyouC.WelovetofeelimportantandsodoeseveryoneelseD.Manytimespeopledon'twantanentertainingconversationpartnerE.YoushouldmakeotherpeoplefeelconfidentwheneverandwhereverpossibleF.Happinessdoesnotdependonoutsidecircumstances，butratheroninwardattitudesG.Theaveragepeoplearemoreinterestedintheirownnamesthaninalltheothernames【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.A20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，詳細介紹了讓別人喜歡上我們的五條建議?！?6題詳解】本段的主題是“Beagoodlistener”，建議我們做一個聽眾。橫線后一句“Instead，theyjustwantsomeonewhowilllistentothem.”告訴我們有時候我們只是需要一個聽眾而已。D項中的“don'twantanentertainingconversationpartner”與后句語意一致，故選擇D項?！?7題詳解】本段的主題是“Smile”，建議我們在與他人相處的時候要面對微笑。在與人交往的時候，我們要讓別人感覺很舒服，而微笑會讓別人感覺很棒。E項內(nèi)容與上下文語意一致。故選擇E項?！?8題詳解】本段的主題是“Rememberaperson'sname”，建議我們要記住他人的名字。本段第一句告訴我們對于我們來說，名字是最重要的標志。人們對自己的名字是非常感興趣的，所以要想讓別人喜歡我們，一定要迅速記住別人的名字。故G項正確?！?9題詳解】本段最后一句“Theonlywaytomakequality，lastingfriendshipsistolearntobegenuinelyinterestedinthemandtheirinterests.”告訴我們?nèi)〉酶咂焚|(zhì)持久的友誼的唯一方法是真正關(guān)注別人和別人的興趣。A項與本段中心思想一致，故選擇A項?！?0題詳解】本段的中心思想是“Maketheotherpersonfeelimportantanddoitsincerely”，建議我們要讓別人感覺自己很重要。本段第一句“Thegoldenruleistotreatotherpeoplehowwewouldliketobetreated.”告訴我們都喜歡像別人對待我們的那樣對待他人。所以人人都喜歡自己被別人重視。C項“Welovetofeelimportantandsodoeseveryoneelse”意為“我們都喜歡感覺自己很重要，其他人也一樣”，與上下文語境一致。故C項正確?！军c睛】在完成七選五閱讀時候，我們可以從表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的細節(jié)邏輯上判斷，以本文小題1為例，本題的關(guān)鍵詞是副詞“instead”。橫線后一句“Instead，theyjustwantsomeonewhowilllistentothem.”告訴我們有時候我們只是需要一個聽眾，并不需要談話的對象多么令人愉悅。所以選擇D項。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系主要指英語行文中后句對前句構(gòu)成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，則空格處很有可能是個轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯的句子。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞有：however然而,nevertheless仍然，然而，不過,nonetheless盡管如此，依然，然而,still還；然而,though可是，不過，然而,yet然而,inspiteof不顧，不管,atanyrate無論如何，至少,inanycase無論如何，不管怎樣,whoever無論是誰,whatever無論什么，onthecontrary正相反,incontrast與此相反,相比之下,bycontrast相反,相比之下,incomparison比較起來，比較地,bycomparison相比之下,conversely相反(地),otherwise否則；除此以外，notbut不是而是，aswell也等。第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題，每小題1分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和ID四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。OurhousewasdirectlyacrossthestreetfromtheentranceofahospitalinBaltimore.Werentedtheroomsupstairstothepatientsattheclinic.Oneevening，therewasa.___21___onthedoor.Iopenedittoseeamanwhowashardly___22___thanmyeight-year-oldson.Buttheworsethingwashisface，looking___23___awful.Hetoldmehecameforatreatmentforhisfacethatmorningfromtheeasternshore，andtherewasnobustillmorningsohe'dbeen___24___aroomsincenoonbutwithnosuccess，whichheguessedwas___25___histerribleface.ForamomentIhesitated，buthisnextwordsconvincedme："Icould___26___inthischairinthedoorway.Mybusleavesearlyinthemorning."Itoldhimwewouldfindhima___27___.Later，fromtalking，Iknewthemanfishedforalivingto___28___hisfivechildren，andhis___29___wife，whohopelesslycouldn'twalkorsitfromabackinjuryHedidn'ttellitbywayofcomplaint.Instead，hewas___30___thathestillhadstrengthtokeepgoing.At___31___，weputacampcot（吊床）inmychildren'sroomforhim.Nextmorning，just___32___heleft，asifaskingagreatfavor，hesaid，"CouldIcomebackand___33___whenseeingmydoctornexttime？"Headded，"Yourchildrenmademefeelathome.Grown-upsarebotheredbythe.___34___ofme，buttheydon't___35___to."___36___hisnexttriphearrivedalittleafterseveninthemorning.HebroughtabigfishandthelargestoystersIhadeverseen.I___37___whattimehehadtogetupinordertodothisforus，knowinghisbusleftat4:00a.m.Intheyearshecametostay___38___withus,therewasneveratimewhenhedidnotbringusvegetablesfromhisgarden.Iknewourfamilywouldalwaysbegratefultohaveknownhim:Fromhimwe___39___howtoacceptthebadwithoutcomplaintandthegoodwith___40___.21.A.sound B.noise C.knock D.call22.A.healthier B.taller C.better D.smarter23.A.truly B.usually C.finally D.actually24.A.lookingat B.searchingfor C.turningto D.checkingin25.A.tiredof B.resultfrom C.becauseof D.asfor26.A.sink B.talk C.sleep D.wait27.A.chair B.bed C.bus D.seat28.A.help B.change C.please D.support29.A.able B.unable C.disable D.disabled30.A.thankful B.concerned C.painful D.worried31.A.noon B.dusk C.suppertime D.bedtime32.A.once B.until C.before D.after33.A.live B.thank C.chat D.stay34.A.look B.action C.height D.behavior35.A.decide B.seem C.like D.prefer36.A.For B.Of C.In D.On37.A.wondered B.doubted C.questioned D.asked38.A.weekends B.fortnight C.overnight D.midnight39.A.remembered B.learned C.educated D.taught40.A.appreciation B.delight C.excitement D.peace【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.C26.C27.B28.D29.D30.A31.D32.C33.D34.A35.B36.D37.A38.C39.B40.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者把樓上的房間租給來看病的病人，并從其中一位病人的身上學會了毫無怨言地接受生活中糟糕的事情，同時也學會了心懷感恩地接受美好的事情?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析及搭配。句意：一個晚上，有了敲門聲。A.sound聲音；B.noise噪音；C.knock，敲，敲擊，敲門聲；D.call電話；四項中只有knock與介詞on連用，表示敲門聲。故C項正確?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我打開門，看見一個還沒有我八歲兒子高的男人。A.healthier更健康的；B.taller更高的；C.better更好的；D.smarter更聰明的；當人們與陌生人第一次見面的時候，首先注意到的通常是對方的身高。故B項正確。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是更糟糕的是他的臉，看起來真得很可怕。A.truly真實地，真正地；B.usually常見的；平常的；C.finally最后；D.actually實際上；根據(jù)下句“foratreatmentforhisface”可知他來到這里是為了治療他的臉，說明他的臉真地很可怕。故A項正確?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：要到早晨才會有公交車，所以中午以來他一直在找住的房間，但沒有成功，他猜這是因為他可怕的臉。A.lookingat看；B.searchingfor尋找；C.turningto轉(zhuǎn)向；求助；D.checkingin登記入??；因為沒有回去的公交車，所以他在找房子住。故B項正確?！?5題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：要到早晨才會有公交車，所以中午以來他一直在找住的房間，但沒有成功，他猜這是因為他可怕的臉。A.tiredof對…厭倦；B.resultfrom因為；C.becauseof由于；D.asfor關(guān)于；橫線前面有系動詞was，排除B項。人們因為他的臉而拒絕他，上下文是因果關(guān)系，故C項正確?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。句意：我可以睡在門口的椅子上，我的公交車很早就離開了。A.sink沉沒；B.talk交談；C.sleep睡覺；D.wait等待；根據(jù)上文“therewasnobustillmorningsohe'dbeen___4___aroomsincenoonbutwithnosuccess”可知他一直在尋找晚上睡覺的房間。故C項正確?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。我告訴他我們會給他一張睡覺的床。A.chair椅子；B.bed床；C.bus公交車；D.seat位置；根據(jù)第二段中weputacampcot（吊床）inmychildren'sroomforhim.可知我們讓他睡在吊床上。故B項正確。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，從談話中我知道他是靠捕魚來養(yǎng)活五個孩子和殘疾的妻子。A.help幫助；B.change改變；C.please取悅；D.support支持；養(yǎng)活；動詞support表示養(yǎng)活家人，本句表示他靠捕魚養(yǎng)家，符合語境。故D項正確。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。句意：后來，從談話中我知道他是靠捕魚來養(yǎng)活五個孩子和殘疾的妻子，他的妻子由于背部受傷無法走動和坐立。A.able有能力的；B.unable無能力的；C.disable使…失去能力（動詞）；D.disabled殘疾的；根據(jù)下句“whohopelesslycouldn'twalkorsitfromabackinjury”可知他的妻子由于背部受傷無法走動和坐立而殘疾了。故D項正確?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。句意：他并沒有以抱怨的方式告訴我們，相反，他很感恩還有繼續(xù)前進的能力。A.thankful感恩的；B.concerned擔心的；C.painful痛苦的；D.worried擔憂的；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞instead可知所填詞與complaint表示相反的含義，說明他并沒有抱怨生活，而是感恩生活。故A項正確?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。句意：到了睡覺時間，我們在兒童房里給他裝了一個吊床。A.noon中午；B.dusk黃昏；C.suppertime晚飯時間；D.bedtime睡覺時間；根據(jù)后半句“weputacampcot（吊床）inmychildren'sroomforhim”可知到了睡覺的時候，我們給他安排床位。故D項正確?！?2題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：就在他離開之前，就像是請人幫忙一樣，他問下一次來看醫(yī)生的時候還能回來住這里嗎？A.once一旦；B.until直到；C.before在…之前；D.after在…之后；在他離開之前，他問我們下次能否再住這里。故C項正確?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在他離開之前，就像是請人幫忙一樣，他問下一次來看醫(yī)生的時候還能回來住這里嗎？A.live生活；B.thank感謝；C.chat聊天；D.stay逗留，待在；本句使用stay表示短時間停留；而live表示長時間生活在某個地方。他只是在看病的時候，在這里住一晚。故D項正確?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：成年人通常會被我的外貌所困擾，而你們的孩子似乎沒有。A.look外貌；B.action行動；C.height高度；D.behavior行為；根據(jù)上文可知他的臉很難看，會讓別人很害怕。故A項正確?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：成年人通常會被我的外貌所困擾，而你們的孩子似乎沒有。A.decide決定；B.seem似乎；C.like喜歡；D.prefer寧愿；我的孩子似乎并沒有被他的外面所困擾，這是他決定下次再來住宿的原因。故B項正確。36題詳解】考查介詞辨析。句意：在他下一次來的那天，早晨七點多一點他就來了。A.For為了，因為；B.Of…的；C.In在…里；D.On在（某一天），在…上；本句使用介詞on表示在他下一次來看病的那一天。故D項正確?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想知道為了做這些，他幾點就要起來，后來知道他的公交車凌晨4點就出發(fā)了。A.wondered想知道；B.doubted懷疑；C.questioned詢問；D.asked問；根據(jù)后半句“knowinghisbusleftat4:00a.m”可知原來我想知道他幾點就要起來。故A項正確。【38題詳解】考查詞義辨析。句意：他來和我們一起過夜的那幾年里，沒有一次他來的時候不給我們帶他自家菜園里的蔬菜。A.weekends周末；B.fortnight兩周；C.overnight在夜里，過夜；D.midnight午夜；根據(jù)第一段可知他只是在我們家里過一夜，第二天凌晨就離開了。故C項正確?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從他身上，我們學會了毫無怨言地接受生活中那些糟糕的事情，也學會了充滿感激地接受生活中那些美好的事情。A.remembered記得；B.learned學會；C.educated教育；D.taught教；本句表示我們從他身上學會了很多生活哲理。故B項正確。【40題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從他身上，我們學會了毫無怨言地接受生活中那些糟糕的事情，也學會了充滿感激地接受生活中那些美好的事情。A.appreciation感激；感恩；B.delight高興；C.excitement興奮；D.peace和平，安寧；所題詞要和withoutcomplain形成呼應(yīng)。告訴我們要對生活充滿感恩。故A項正確。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題：每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theworld-famouscreditcardcompanyMastercardis___41___（remove）itsnamefromitscompanylogo.Itwillfollowthe___42___（like）ofAppleandNiketohavealogo___43___hasasymbolonlyandnowriting.Mastercardhad___44___（traditional）usedalogothathadoverlappingyellowandredcircleswiththeword"Mastercard"___45___（write）overthetop.Thecompanyhasdecided___46___（drop）theword"Mastercard"andusejustthetwointersectingcirclesasawordlesslogo.Thenewlogo___47___（use）asthebrand'ssymboloncreditcardsandinstores，aswellasonadvertising，atsportsand___48___events.Thecompany'smarketingofficersaidover80percentofpeoplespontaneously（本能地）recognizedthenewsymbol___49___theword"Mastercard"，whichmeanstheircompanymayrisetothoselikeApplewhoselogousesonlyasymbol.Accordingtowhathesaid，the___50___（simple）butmoremodernlogorepresentsMastercardisdevelopingintoadigitalerawhenpeoplecommunicatewithmoresignsandlesswords.【答案】41.removing42.Likes43.which/that44.traditionally45.written46.todrop.47.willbeused48.other49.without50.simpler【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了世界著名的信用卡公司Mastercard將把它的名字“Mastercard”從公司的商標里去掉，使用更簡潔的商標。【41題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：世界著名的信用卡公司Mastercard將把它的名字“Mastercard”從公司的商標里去掉。本句使用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來時，敘述將要發(fā)生的事情。所以句中要填removing。【42題詳解】考查名詞。句意：它將追隨Apple和Nike這樣的公司，它們的商標里只有符號而沒有文字。名詞Like意為“類似的人或物”，句中列舉了Apple和Nike兩個公司，要用復數(shù)形式Likes。所以句中要填Likes。【43題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：它將追隨Apple和Nike這樣的公司，它們的商標里只有符號而沒有文字。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知定語從句中缺少主語，使用關(guān)系代詞which/that指代名詞logo，引導定語從句并在句中充當主語。所以要填which/that?！?4題詳解】考查副詞。句意：Mastercard傳統(tǒng)上使用了一個商標，上面有相互重疊的黃色和紅色的圓形圖案，在商標的上面寫著"Mastercard"。在英語中，副詞通常做狀語修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞或者謂語部分。本句中副詞traditionally做狀語修飾謂語。所以要填副詞traditionally?！?5題詳解】考查分詞。句意：Mastercard傳統(tǒng)上使用了一個商標，上面有相互重疊的黃色和紅色的圓形圖案，在商標的上面寫著"Mastercard"。句中theword"Mastercard"與動詞write構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞做賓語補足語。所以要填過去分詞written?！?6題詳解】考查不定式。句意：這家公司決定放棄"Mastercard"，只用兩個有趣的圓形作為無字的商標。動詞短語decidetodosth意為“決定做某事”，其中不定式todosth作為動詞decide的賓語。所以句中要填todrop?！?7題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：在信用卡、商店、廣告、運動會和其他事件上，這個新的商標都將被用作為公司品牌的象征。根據(jù)第一句可知公司將在未來使用新的商標，主語thenewlogo與動詞use構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，要用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。使用要填willbeused。【48題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在信用卡、商店、廣告、運動會和其他事件上，這個新的商標都將被用作為公司品牌的象征。形容詞other意為“其他的”，在句中做定語修飾名詞events，表示列舉。所以要填other。【49題詳解】考查介詞及上下文串聯(lián)。句意：公司市場部官員說超過百分之八十的人本能地認出了沒有"Mastercard"的商標。根據(jù)上文可知公司的新商標里沒有"Mastercard"，所以要填介詞without表示否定。【50題詳解】考查比較級。句意：根據(jù)他說的話，這種更簡單但更現(xiàn)代的商標代表著公司進入一個數(shù)字時代。句中應(yīng)該使用比較級形式與more構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，所以要填simpler?！军c睛】在完成語法填空時，我們可以根據(jù)規(guī)定詞組來解題。本文小題6考查了動詞短語decidetodosth意為“決定做某事”，其中不定式todosth作為動詞decide的賓語。所以句中要填todrop。所以在平時學習中要熟練掌握一些常見的詞組，如：asamatteroffact,makeupone’smind,takepartindependon/upon,bytheway,keepintouchwith,earnone’sliving,等，對解題有很大幫助。例：Itiseasyforhimtomakeup_____