第08練 語法過關(guān)練5(虛擬語氣、倒裝與省略)(原卷版)-2022年【暑假分層作業(yè)】高二英語(人教版2019必修)復(fù)習(xí)

2/22022年【暑假分層作業(yè)】高二英語（人教版2019必修）復(fù)習(xí)第08練語法過關(guān)練5(虛擬語氣、倒裝與省略)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞I.基本用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法否定式疑問式簡答式can能力（體力，智力，技能）允許或許可（口語中常用）可能性（表猜測，用于否定句或疑問句中）cannot/cannot/can’tdoCan…do…?Yes,…can.No,…can’t.couldcouldn’tdomay可以（問句中表示請(qǐng)求）可能，或許（表推測）祝愿（用于倒裝句中）maynotdoMay…do…?Yes,…may.No,…mustn’t/can’t.mightmightnotdoMight…do…?Yes,…mightNo,…mightnot.must必須，應(yīng)該（表主觀要求）肯定，想必（肯定句中表推測）mustnot/mustn’tdoMust…do…?to.Yes,…must.No,…needn’t/don’thavehaveto只好，不得不（客觀的必須，有時(shí)態(tài)和人稱的變化）don’thavetodoDo…h(huán)avetodo…?Yes,…do.No,…don’t.oughtto應(yīng)當(dāng)（表示義務(wù)責(zé)任，口語中多用should）oughtnotto/oughtn’ttodoOught…todo…?Yes,…ought.No,…oughtn’t.shall用于一三人稱征求對(duì)方意見用于二三人稱表示許諾、命令、警告、威脅等shallnot/shan’tdoShall…do…?Yes,…shall.No,…shan’t.should應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該（表義務(wù)責(zé)任）本該（含有責(zé)備意味）shouldnot/shouldn’tdoShould…do…?will意愿，決心請(qǐng)求，建議，用在問句中would比較委婉willnot/won’tdoWill/Would…do…?Yes,…will.No,…won’t.wouldwouldnot/wouldn’tdodare敢（常用于否定句和疑問句中）darenot/daren’tdoDare…do…?Yes,…dare.No,…daren’t.need需要,必須（常用于否定句和疑問句中）neednot/needn’tdoNeed…do…?Yes,…must.No,…needn’t.usedto過去常常（現(xiàn)在已不再）usednot/usedn’t/usen’ttododidn’tusetodoUsed…todo…?Did…usetodo…?Yes,…used.No,…use(d)n’t.Yes,…did.No,…didn’t.II.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重點(diǎn)知識(shí)表示“能力、許可”的can和may表示能力的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用can/couldAcomputer_____thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.maynotD.mightnot表示許可時(shí)用may/might,can/could都可以，但在問句中用could…?或might…？以使口氣委婉客氣，其回答一定要用can或may，以使回答口氣明確（must表示一定，必須，mustn’t表示禁止，不許可）。①—CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?—Yes,you______A.willB.couldC.mayD.might②Johnny,you_____playwiththeknife,you_____hurtyourself.A.won’t/can’tB.mustn’t/mayC.shouldn’t/mustD.can’t/shouldn’t在肯定句中could不可以用來表示過去某一特定場合的能力，而要用was/wereableto。Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_____getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto表示“推斷、判斷”的canmay,must在肯定句中都可以用來表示可能。在含義上must語氣最肯定,may表示的是事實(shí)上的可能性。Peter______comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.A.mustB.mayC.canD.will而can表示的是邏輯上的可能性：Maryisinpoorhealth.Shecanbeillatanytimes.在否定句中只能用can和may。所以can’t時(shí)用以代替mustn’t，語氣比may更肯定。中文可以翻譯為不可能。Michael______beapoliceman,forhe’smuchtooshort.A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may在疑問句只能用can，不能用may和must。Hemaybeverybusynow.Canhebeverybusynow?Hemustbeverybusynow.Canhebeverybusynow?needneed作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只有一種形式，只用于否定句和疑問句。daredare作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí)有兩種形式：dare和dared兩個(gè)詞形，除了可以用于否定句和疑問句外，還可以用于條件從句或表示懷疑的句子中。Ifhedarecome,Iwillkickhimout.Idon’tknowwhetherhedaresay.注意:Hedoesn’tdare(to)answerthequestion.（否定句）Doesshedare(to)enterthedarkroom?（疑問句）shall用于第一人稱：征求對(duì)方的意見。Whatshallwedothisevening?用于第二、三人稱：警告、命令、允諾、威脅等。Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkharder.警告HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreading.允諾Heshallbepunished.威脅should勸告、建議、命令、應(yīng)該做、道義上的責(zé)任。Youshould(oughtto)gotoclassrightaway.Ishould(oughtto)helphimbecauseheisintrouble.will/would請(qǐng)求、建議，would比will委婉客氣。Wouldyoupassmethebook?表示意志、愿望和決心。Iwillneverdothatagain.Theyaskedusifwewoulddothatagainwould可表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向。DuringthevacationhewouldvisitmeeveryweekThewoundwouldnotheal.（傷口老是不能愈合）would表示估計(jì)或猜想。Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.Whatwouldshebedoingthere?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone的用法could+havedone：本可以做而實(shí)際上未能做。Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidn’ttryyourbest.cannot+havedone：表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或過去行為的否定推測。Hecannothavebeentothattown.can+主語+havedone：表示對(duì)過去行為的懷疑或不肯定（用在疑問句中）。Canhehavegotthebook?might(may)+havedone：對(duì)過去發(fā)生的行為不太肯定的推測。Hemaynothavefinishedthework.Ifwehadtakentheotherroad,wemighthavearrivedearlier.must+havedone：對(duì)過去發(fā)生的行為肯定的推測。其否定式為：cannothavedone。Youmusthaveseenthefilm.Youcannothaveseenthefilm.needn’t+havedone：本來不必要做的而實(shí)際上又做了。Youneedn’thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.注意：didn’tneedto(haveto)do：沒有必要做而實(shí)際上也沒有做Ididn’tneedtocleanthewindows.Mysisterdidit2hoursago.should(oughtto)+havedone：本來應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上又沒有做。其否定形式表示某中行為不該發(fā)生卻發(fā)生了。Youshouldhavestartedearlier,butyoudidn’t.Sheshouldn’thavetakenawaymymeasuringtape,forIworkedtouseit.注意：Heshouldhavefinishedtheworkbynow.（表推測）虛擬語氣類別用法例句If引導(dǎo)的條件從句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句動(dòng)詞：過去式（be用were）主句動(dòng)詞：should/would/could/might+doIfhewerehere,hewouldhelpus.與過去事實(shí)相反從句動(dòng)詞：had+done主句動(dòng)詞：should/would/could/might+have+doneIfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.與將來事實(shí)相反從句動(dòng)詞：過去式/should+動(dòng)詞原形/were+todo主句動(dòng)詞：should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.省略if的虛擬條件句將虛擬條件從句中的were，had,should放到主語之前，構(gòu)成主謂倒裝①Shouldhecome,tellhimtoringmeup.=2\*GB3②WereIyou,Iwouldnotdoit.=3\*GB3③HadIbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.混合虛擬條件句不同時(shí)間的虛擬：各遵守各的規(guī)則①Ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeintroublenow.=2\*GB3②Ifhehadtoldmeyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.=3\*GB3③IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.虛擬與陳述的混合：各遵守各的規(guī)則①Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewasn’tcarefulenough.=2\*GB3②Youshouldhavecomeearlier.Thebusleftamomentago.含蓄虛擬條件句butfor+名詞表示虛擬條件句子或主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的形式視具體情況而定。這是考查考生應(yīng)變能力的最佳試題。Butforyourtimelywarning,we______intogreattrouble.Youknowwe’refriends.A.wouldgetB.musthavegotC.wouldhavegotD.can’thavegotwithout+名詞表示虛擬條件Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun'sheat,theearthatnightwouldbefreezingcold.動(dòng)詞不定式表示虛擬條件Itwouldbeonlypartlyrighttofollowinthisway.

如果用這種方式，僅僅對(duì)了一半?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示虛擬條件Havingknownintime,wemighthavepreventedtheaccident.要是及時(shí)得知的話，我們也許能阻止這場事故。過去分詞表示虛擬條件Givenmoreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.

如果多留心的話，這樹本來可以長的更好。副詞otherwise表示虛擬條件Iwastoobusyatthattime.Otherwise,Iwouldhavecalledyou.我當(dāng)時(shí)太忙，否則我就給你打電話了。連詞but連接的句子表示虛擬條件He_____fatterbutheeatstoolittle.A.wouldbecomeB.wouldhavebecomeC.mustbecomeD.musthavebecome其它狀語從句asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中動(dòng)詞用did或had＋done或would／could／might＋do。注意：asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中也可以用陳述語氣：當(dāng)說話者認(rèn)為所述的是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實(shí)時(shí)：Itsoundsasifitisraining．聽起來像是在下雨。

Hetalksasifheisdrunk．從他談話的樣子來看他是醉了。①與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反Hetalksasifheknewwhereshewas．=2\*GB3②與過去事實(shí)相反HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore.=3\*GB3③與將來事實(shí)相反Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.inorderthat/sothat引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中動(dòng)詞用can/could/may/might/would等+doTurnonthelightsothatwecanseeitclearly.賓語從句demand,suggest,order,insist后接的從句中動(dòng)詞為should+doHesuggestedthatwenotchangeourmind.wish后的從句中分別用過去式，過去完成式和should/would+do表示與現(xiàn)在，過去和將來情況相反IwishIcouldbeapopsinger.IwishIwouldhavegonetoShanghailastmonth.主語從句在Itisnecessary/important/strangethat…Itissuggested/demanded/ordered/requestedthat…等從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用should+doItisstrangethatsuchapersonshouldbeourfriends.其它句型中Itistimethat…句型中動(dòng)詞用過去式或should+doIt’shightimethatweleft/shouldleave.wouldrather所接的從句中動(dòng)詞用過去式或者過去完成式Iwouldratheryoustayedathomenow.Ifonly句型中動(dòng)詞常用過去式或者過去完成式，表示強(qiáng)烈的愿望Ifonlyourdreamhadcometrue!省略句類別具體內(nèi)容例句詞法上的省略名詞所有格后修飾的名詞在以下情況可以省略①如果名詞所有格修飾的名詞在前文已出現(xiàn)，則可以省略。②名詞所有格后修飾的名詞如果是指商店、住宅等地點(diǎn)時(shí)，這些名詞也常常省略。TheseareJohn'sbooksandthoseareMary's(books).這些是約翰的書，那些是瑪麗的書。atthedoctor's在診所atMr.Green's在格林先生家tomyuncle's到我叔叔家atthebarber's在理發(fā)店冠詞的省略①為了避免重復(fù)②在副詞的最高級(jí)前面的定冠詞常可以省略。③在某些獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中。④在as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，當(dāng)作表語的單數(shù)名詞提前時(shí)，不定冠詞要省略。①Thelightningflashedandthundercrashed.電閃雷鳴。（thunder前省略了定冠詞the）②Shesingsbestintheclass.她在班上唱歌唱得最好。③Ourteachercamein,bookinhand.(=Ourteachercamein,withabookinhishand.)我們的老師手里拿著一本書進(jìn)來了。④Childasheis,heknowsalot.雖然他還是一個(gè)孩子，卻懂得很多介詞的省略=1\*GB3①both后常跟of短語，其后可以接名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，也可以接代詞賓格復(fù)數(shù)形式。接復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，介詞of可以省略，但接代詞賓格時(shí)，of不能省略。②在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表持續(xù)和重復(fù)的句型中，一段時(shí)間前的介詞for可以省略。③和一些動(dòng)詞搭配構(gòu)成的短語中的介詞，consider...(as)...,prevent/stop...(from)doing...,havetrouble/difficulty...(in)doing...,spend...(in/on)doing...等中的介詞可以省略。=1\*GB3①Both(of)thefilmswereinteresting.這兩部電影都很有趣。Sheinvitedbothofustoherbirthdayparty.她邀請(qǐng)我們倆去參加她的生日派對(duì)。②Theseshoesarewornout.Theyhavelasted(for)alongtime.這雙鞋穿破了，已經(jīng)穿了很長一段時(shí)間了。③Treescanpreventtheearth(from)beingwashedaway.樹能阻止泥土被沖走。Canyoustophim(from)goingswimmingintheriver?你能阻止他下河洗澡嗎？Ihavesomedifficulty(in)answeringthequestion.回答這個(gè)問題我有點(diǎn)困難。①有些動(dòng)詞，believe,find,think,feel,consider,imagine,prove等后作賓補(bǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)。tobe+n./adj.中的tobe可以省略。②感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,feel,watch,notice等以及使役動(dòng)詞let,make,have后作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式，其中的不定式符號(hào)to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，to必須保留。③在cannotbut,cannotchoosebut,cannothelpbut之后的動(dòng)詞不定式一般不帶to；but之前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某個(gè)形式do,does,did,done時(shí)，也不帶to,否則要帶to。④在并列結(jié)構(gòu)中為了避免重復(fù)。⑤在why,whynot引導(dǎo)的特殊問句中后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式。⑥動(dòng)詞不定式中動(dòng)詞原形部分是否省略，主要看句子前面是否已出現(xiàn)過同樣的動(dòng)詞。如果句子前面出現(xiàn)過同樣的動(dòng)詞，為了避免重復(fù)，句子后面的不定式常省略動(dòng)詞原形，而保留不定式符號(hào)to。①Iconsiderhim(tobe)lazy.我認(rèn)為他懶。Hismotherfoundhim(tobe)acleverboy.他母親發(fā)覺他是一個(gè)很聰明的孩子。②Theymadetheboygotobedearly.他們強(qiáng)迫這個(gè)男孩早睡。Theboywasmadetogotobedearly.這個(gè)男孩被迫早睡。注：help后作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式中的to可以省略也可保留。③Wehavenothingtodonowbutwait.我們現(xiàn)在除了等沒有別的事可做。Icannotbutadmirehiscourage.我不能不欽佩他的勇敢。Hehasnochoicebuttoacceptthefact.除了接受這個(gè)事實(shí)他別無選擇。④I'mreallypuzzledwhattothinkorsay.我真不知道該怎么想，怎么說才好。但兩個(gè)不定式有對(duì)照或?qū)Ρ鹊囊饬x時(shí)，則后一個(gè)to不能省。Icamenottoscoldbuttopraiseyou.我來不是責(zé)備你，而是贊美你。⑤Whytalksomuchaboutit?為什么大談這個(gè)事呢？Whynottryitagain?為什么不再試一試呢？⑥Theymaygoiftheywishto(go).如果他們想去，他們就可以去。Don'tgotillItellyouto.直到我告訴你去，你才可以去。在一些動(dòng)詞afford,agree,expect,forget,mean,pretend,remember,want,refuse,hope,wish,wouldlike(love),try等后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，不定式中的to可以承前（后)省略?！猈illyougotothecinemawithme?你愿和我一起去看電影嗎？—Well,I'dliketo(gowithyou).我愿意。Iwoulddoitforyou,butIdon'tknowhowto(doitforyou).我想為你做這事，但我又不知如何做。在某些形容詞，afraid,glad,willing,happy,eager等后承前省略動(dòng)詞原形，只保留不定式符號(hào)to?！猈illyoujoinusinthegame?你愿和我們一起做這個(gè)游戲嗎？—Sure,I'llbegladto(joinyouinthegame).當(dāng)然，我愿意。有些動(dòng)詞，tell,ask,allow,expect,force,invite,permit,persuade,order,warn,wish,wouldlike,forbid等后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語、主語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，不定式承前省略動(dòng)詞原形，保留動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to。Hedidn'tcome,thoughwehadinvitedhimto(come).盡管我們邀請(qǐng)他來，他卻沒來。注：承前省略的動(dòng)詞不定式如果有助動(dòng)詞have或be，則要保留be或have?！狝reyouateacher?你是老師嗎？—No,butIusedtobe(ateacher).不，我以前是。句法上的省略簡單句中的省略①感嘆句中常省略主語和謂語。②在一些口語中可以省略某些句子成分。①Whatahotday(itis)!多熱的天??！Howwonderful!多妙?。、凇╓illyou）Haveasmoke?你抽煙嗎？—No.Thanks.不，謝謝了。（Isthere）Anythingelsetosay?還有別的要說嗎？并列句中的省略①如果主語不同，而謂語動(dòng)詞中的一部分相同，則省略謂語動(dòng)詞中相同的那部分。②主語相同，謂語動(dòng)詞也相同，則二者都可以省略。③主語相同，而謂語不同，則可以省略主語。④在并列復(fù)合句中，如果that從句從屬于第二個(gè)并列句且它的謂語動(dòng)詞和賓語等其它一些成分與第一個(gè)并列句相同時(shí)，這個(gè)that從句通?？梢允÷赃@些相同的部分。①JohnmusthavebeenplayingfootballandMary(musthavebeen)doingherhomework.約翰一定在踢球，而瑪麗一定在做作業(yè)。②HissuggestionsmadeJohnhappy,but(hissuggestionsmade)Maryangry.他的建議使約翰高興，卻使瑪麗很生氣。③OldMcDonaldgaveupsmokingforawhile,but(he)soonreturnedtohisoldways.老麥克唐納戒了一陣子煙，可很快又抽上了。④Jackwillsingattheparty,butIknowJohnwon't（singattheparty）.杰克將在晚會(huì)上唱歌，但我知道約翰不會(huì)在晚會(huì)上唱歌。復(fù)合句中的省略▲名詞性從句中的省略①作賓語的what從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞與主句的相同，則what從句可以省略謂語，甚至主語②有時(shí)候也可以根據(jù)說話的情景來省略主句中的一些成分。③在某些表虛擬語氣的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中，從句謂語動(dòng)詞中的助動(dòng)詞should可以省略?！ㄕZ從句中的省略①在限制性定語從句中，作賓語的關(guān)系代詞that,which,who(whom)?？梢允÷浴＂陉P(guān)系副詞when,where,why以及that在thetime(day,morning,afternoon,evening,night,week,month,year等)when,theplace(desk,table,room,spot,house,town,country,school等)where,thereasonwhy,thewaythat結(jié)構(gòu)中引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時(shí)，在非正式場合下，可以省略關(guān)系副詞when,where,why,that。▲狀語從句中的省略當(dāng)狀語從句中的主語和主句的主語一致，或狀語從句中的主語是it，并且又含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，?？梢允÷詮木渲械闹髡Z和be動(dòng)詞。①在as,before,till,once,when,while等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中。②在though,although,等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中。③在if,unless(=if...not)等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中。④在as,asif,asthough引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中。⑤在as(so)...as...,than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句中。復(fù)合句中的省略▲名詞性從句中的省略①Someonehasusedmybike,butIdon'tknowwho(hasusedit).有人用了我的自行車，但我不知道是誰。Hehasgone,butnooneknowswhere(hehasgone).他走了，但沒人知道他去哪兒了。②（I'm）SorryI'vekeptyouwaitingsolong.對(duì)不起，讓你久等了。③It'simportantthatwe(should)speaktotheoldpolitely.我們對(duì)老人說話要有禮貌，這很重要?！ㄕZ從句中的省略①Theman(who/whom)IsawiscalledSmith.我見到的那個(gè)人名叫史密斯。Whereisthebook(which)Iboughtthismorning?今天上午我買的那本書在哪兒？②Ishallneverforgettheday(when)wefirstmet.我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記我們第一次見面的那一天。Thereason(why)hecamesoearlyishisownaffair.他來這么早是他自己的事。Theway(that)youansweredthequestionswasadmirable.你回答這些問題的方式令人欽佩?！鵂钫Z從句中的省略①While（Iwas）waiting,Iwasreadingsomemagazines.我一邊看雜志，一邊等。②Though(theywere)tired,theywentonworking.雖然他們累了，但他們?nèi)岳^續(xù)工作。③Youshouldn'tcometohispartyunless(youwere)invited.除非你被邀請(qǐng)，否則你不應(yīng)該來參加他的宴會(huì)。④Hedidas(hehadbeen)told.他按照被告知的那樣去做了。Hepausedasif(hewas)expectinghertospeak.他停下來，好像是在期待她說話。⑤Hedidas(hehadbeen)told.他按照被告知的那樣去做了。Hepausedasif(hewas)expectinghertospeak.他停下來，好像是在期待她說話。Iknowyoucandobetterthanhe(cando).我知道你能比他做得更好。Thiscardoesn'trunasfastasthatone(does).這輛小車不及那輛跑得快。倒裝句類型情況例句部分倒裝（部分倒裝是把be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞放到主語之前。如果句子中沒有這些詞,要在主語之前加助動(dòng)詞do/does/did等,而把原來的謂語動(dòng)詞變成原形放在主語之后。）句首狀語為否定詞或半否定詞的句子。這類詞或短語主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom,rarely,hardly,scarcely,nosooner,notonly,innoway,atnotime,few,not,no等NotaworddidIsaytohim.NeverhaveIfoundhimsohappy.LittledoeshecareaboutwhatIsaid.Ican’tswim.Neithercanhe.Nosoonerhadhegonetobedthanhefellasleep.Hardly/Scarcelyhadhegonetobedwhenhefellasleep.only+狀語放在句首,要部分倒裝Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.(介詞短語)OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofmath.(副詞)Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.(從句)注意:如果only后面不是狀語,則不用倒裝。OnlyWangLingknowsthis.so或so引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首,要部分倒裝Isawthefilm,sodidshe.Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.“Notonly+分句,butalso+分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒裝“Notonly+分句,butalso+分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒裝NotonlydoesJohnloveChinese,heisalsogoodatspeakingit.但notonly...butalso...連接主語時(shí),不倒裝。Notonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenaresick.Notuntil放在句首,從句不倒裝,主句倒裝Notuntillastweekdidtheyfindthelostbike.(簡單句)Notuntilmysonhadenteredtheuniversitydidherealizetheimportanceoftime.(復(fù)合句)as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句Proudasthesenoblesare,he’safraidtoseeme.Tiredashewas,hekeptonrunning.Tiredthoughhewas,hekeptonrunning.=Thoughhewastired,hekeptonrunningChildasheis,heknowsalot.(注意：child前沒有冠詞a)在以often,well,manyatime,nowandagain等方式或頻度副詞(短語)開頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)ManyatimehasJohngivenmegoodadvice.Oftenhavewemadethattest.在虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中，條件從句的謂語含有were,had和should這三個(gè)詞是，可省去if，將這些詞移至主語之前。HadItime(=IfIhadtime),Iwouldgoandhelpyou.WereIyou(=IfIwereyou),Iwouldgoabroad.Shouldhecome(=Ifheshouldcome),tellhimtoringmeup.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里Mayyousucceed!完全倒裝Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)。另外,在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來代替be動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞有:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand等Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.“Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be等)+主語”結(jié)構(gòu)說明:本句型中there是副詞,應(yīng)重讀,強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)。而前一句型中的there是引導(dǎo)詞,本身沒意義Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Therecomesthebus.Nowcomesyourturn.除了then引導(dǎo)的句子用過去式以外,其余的均用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示一種生動(dòng)的描述。其次,如果主語是人稱代詞,就不用倒裝。Hereyouare.Thereshecomes.表示方向的副詞out,in,up,down等置于句首,要用全部倒裝。IncameMrWhite.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Awaywenttheboy.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(如onthewall,underthetree,infrontofthehouse,inthemiddleoftheroom等)放在句首時(shí),要全部倒裝Onthetopofthehillstandsapinetree.Infrontoftheclassroomisaplayground.Theyarrivedatahouse,infrontofwhichsatanoldman.其它形式的完全倒裝PresentatthemeetingwasMr.Green,aheadmaster.（形容詞短語）Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.（代詞）Eastofthecityliesanewrailway.(副詞短語)Firsttobecompletedwastheseven-storeyteachingbuilding.(不定式短語)Gonearethedayswhenmyheartwasyoungandgay.(過去分詞)Lyingonthefloorwasaboyaged15.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語)用于某些表示祝愿的句子里L(fēng)onglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.________forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.A.Ifitisnot B.Were C.Haditnotbeen D.Iftheywerenot2.Irecommendthatyou______onyourstudyinsteadof______computergamesallday.A.focus;play B.focusing;playingC.focusing;play D.focus;playing3.Irequestedthatyou________thetaskontime.A.finished B.finish C.couldfinish D.wouldfinish4.Shealwaystalkstome________sheweremymother.A.oughtto B.asthough C.indebt D.asfor5.Wewishwe________harderwhenatschool.A.study B.havestudy C.willstudy D.hadstudied6.Theladyinsistedthattheyoungman________herwalletandthathe________tothepolicestationatonce.A.hadstolen;besent B.shouldsteal;shouldbesentC.hadstolen;sent D.hadstolen;mustbesent7.HadChinaandothercountriesinvolvedintheBeltandRoadInitiatenotworkedtogether,we________greatachievementsinthefinancialdevelopmentsince2015.A.hadn’tachieved B.wouldnothavebeenachievingC.didnotachieve D.wouldnotachieve8.—Sorry,Daddy.Iamnotgettingonwellwithmystudies.—Well.________youhadn’twastedsomuchtimeplayingonlinegames.A.Asif B.Evenif C.Ifonly D.Onlyif9.Maryinsistedthatthecar_________rightaway.A.repaired B.toberepaired C.shouldrepair D.berepaired10.HetalksaboutRomanasifhe________therebefore.A.hadbeen B.was C.were D.hasbeen11.Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe______illandherparentssuggestedthatshe______amedicalexamination.A.be;shouldhave B.was;have C.shouldbe;had D.was;had12.IfIhadfoundagoodjob,I______moremoney.A.save B.shouldsave C.saved D.wouldhavesaved13.Wherehaveyoubeen?I________intheheavytraffic.Otherwise,I________hereearlier.A.gotstuck;wouldhavecome B.gotstuck;wasC.havegotstuck;wouldhavecome D.hadgotstuck;wouldcome14.—Thisareahaschangedalot.—Indeed.Butfortheanti-povertypolicy,peoplehere__________outofpoverty.A.wouldn’tbelifted B.wouldn’thavebeenliftedC.weren’tlifted D.hadn’tbeenlifted15.Withoutyourtimelyhelpduringtheaccident,I________totheinterview.A.mustn’thavemadeit B.can’tmakeitC.couldn’thavemadeit D.shouldn’tmakeit16.Ifthedoctor________availablelastnight,thechild________saved.A.hadbeen;was B.hadbeen;wouldhavebeenC.were;wouldbe D.is;willbe17.Withoutyourselflessassistance,we________thedoctorsandnursestotheearthquake-strickenarealastweek.A.didn'ttake B.can'ttakeC.couldn'thavetaken D.shouldhavetaken18.OurEnglishteacherrequestedthatthehomework________tomorrowmorning.A.wouldbehandedin B.behandedin C.handin D.mustbehandedin19.AprofessorattheAcademyhasproposedthatafund________toraisemoney.A.wasestablished B.wouldbeestablishedC.beestablished D.hasbeenestablished20.IfIweregivenanotherchance,I________muchbetterthanIdidlastnight.A.willperform B.performed C.wasperformed D.wouldperform21.Inside______anexhibitionofthemostup-to-dateinventionsofthe31stcentury.A.has B.have C.was D.were22.Nosoonerhadshespoken______sheregretteditbitterly.A.then B.than C.that D.when23.Onlywhenyouaskmanydifferentquestions________alltheinformation.A.willyourequire B.willyouacquire C.youwillrequire D.youwillacquire24.________succeedindoinganything.A.Onlybyworkingwecan B.ByonlyworkinghardwecanC.Onlywecanbyworkinghard D.Onlybyworkinghardcanwe25.Onlyaftertalkingtotwostudents_______thathavingstrongmotivationwasoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.A.Ididdiscover B.didIdiscover C.wereIdiscovered D.Idiscovered26._____beneaththegroundhere_____anestimated40milliontonsofcopperand100millionouncesofgold.A.Beingburied...is B.Beingburied...areC.Buried...is D.Buried...are27.Hearingthedogbarkingfiercely,away_____.A.fleeingthethief B.fledthethiefC.wasfleeingthethief D.thethiefwasfleeing28.Tosuchanextent_____aroundtheneighborhoodthatresidentswereafraidtogoout.A.didinfectionincrease B.increasedinfectionC.infectionwasincreased D.infectionincreased29.Ontheothersideoftheroad_____,morethan20storeyshigh,waitingfortheirfirstresidents.A.standnewblocksofflat B.newblocksofflatsstandC.standingnewblocksofflat D.donewblocksofflatsstand30.Onthesurfaceofthewater________,whichaffectedthebeautifulsceneryofthepark.A.somedeadleavesdidfloat B.somedeadleavesfloatedC.floatedsomedeadleaves D.didsomedeadleavesfloat31.—Areyouterrified,Tom?—Yes.Neverinallmylife______suchahorriblething.A.Ihaveseen B.doIseeC.Isee D.haveIseen32.________canyouexpecttogetapayrise.A.Withhardwork B.AlthoughworkhardC.Onlywithhardwork D.Nowthatheworkshard33.Solittle________witheachotherthattheneighbouringcountriescouldnotsettletheirdifferences.A.theyagreed B.agreedthey C.didtheyagree D.theydidagree34.Nowhereelsealongthecoast________suchshallowwatersofarfromland.A.isthere B.thereis C.itis D.isit35.________willChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.A.Atthesametime B.Atnotime C.Atatime D.Atthattime36.Anewsurveyshowsthat54percentofAmericansdonottakeprescription(處方)medications________thoughtheyareimportanttotheirhealth.A.astheyinstruct B.aswereinstructedC.astobeinstructed D.asinstructed37.Asisknowntousall,________,thesituationwillgetworse.A.notifdealtcarefullywith B.ifnotdealtcarefullywithC.ifdealtnotcarefullywith D.notifcarefullydealtwith38.—IhearJohnwasbadlyinjuredintheaccident.—________,let’sgoandseehim.A.Ifnot B.IfsoC.Ifnecessary D.Ifpossible39.Seeifyoucanunderstandthefollowing._______,youcanlookthemupinthedictionary.A.Ifany B.Ifpossible C.Ifneeded D.Ifnot40.Things________quicklyifnotproperly________.A.arewornout;touse B.wearout;usedC.arewornout;used D.wearout;touse41.Ihatetalkingwiththatguy.Look,heiscoming.WhatshouldIdo?Don’tspeakunless________.A.speaking B.spokento C.spoken D.speakingto42.Youcan’tbecarefulenoughwhile________thestreet.A.crossing B.crossed C.tocross D.crossed43.When________differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A.compare B.compared C.comparing D.havingcompared44.Engineersnoticedthatthepipeswerenotexpanding________.A.aswereexpected B.asitwasexpected C.asexpecting D.asexpected45.Shehadsaidlittlesofar,respondingonlywhen_________.A.speaking B.spokento C.spoken D.speakingto46.Generallyspeaking,______accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.Whentaking B.whentotaken C.whentotake D.whentaken47.If________moretime,wewouldhavedonetheworkbetter.A.gave B.giving C.give D.given48.Ifwe’relucky,AImightthinkwe’revaluableenoughtokeeparound.________,itmightwipeusallout.A.Ifso B.Ifnot C.Ifpossible D.Ifnecessary49.If________,Iwillsignuptotakethetrainingclasstomorrow.A.necessary B.isnecessary C.itnecessary D.tonecessary50.Inthelecture,littleJackkeptsilentallthetimeunless_________toexpresshisopinion.A.heinvited B.invited C.heisinvited D.beinginvited二、完成句子51.要加入解放軍，要求男人要剃掉胡須。TojointhePeople’sLiberationArmy,itisrequired______________________________theirbeards.52.Emily堅(jiān)持要求不經(jīng)她允許沒人能碰她的遙控器。Emilyinsistedthatnoone________________herremotecontrolwithoutherpermission.53.幾首歌唱畢，選手們開始在草地上翩翩起舞，揮動(dòng)雙臂，宛如雄鷹。Aftersingingsomesongs,thecompetitorsdancedonthegreenfield,wavingtheirarmsintheair______.54.Ifshehadbeenawarethatthemuchroomwerepoisonous,she___themfordinner.(pick)要是知道這些蘑菇有毒，她不會(huì)采來做晚餐了。55.是約翰打破了窗戶。為什么你跟我說話的感覺就好像這事是我做的呢?ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI________(do)it?56.我希望你能抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，這是進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)中國傳統(tǒng)文化的一種途徑。Iwishthatyou________thisopportunity,whichisameansoflearningtraditionalChineseculturefurther.57.關(guān)于商店星期日也應(yīng)該營業(yè)的提議,引起了激烈的爭論。Thesuggestionthatshops__________onSundaysledtoaheateddiscussion.58.校長建議我們把運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)推遲到下周。Theteachersuggestedthatwe__________thesportsmeetinguntilnextweek.59.如果他那時(shí)抓住了那次機(jī)會(huì),他現(xiàn)在就會(huì)是這個(gè)新部門的經(jīng)理了。Ifhehad_______________atthattime,hewouldbethenewdepartmentmanagernow.60.要不是你去年努力學(xué)習(xí)，今天你也不會(huì)取得如此大的進(jìn)步。（虛擬語氣）If________hardlastyear,you________suchgreatprogresstoday.61.I__________________comeovertoseeyoulastnight,butIwastoobusythen.昨晚我本打算去看你，但是那時(shí)我太忙了62.自然界的萬事萬物都仿佛在為他哭泣。Itseemed_________________allnaturewereweepingforhim.63.我不知道他為什么一直看著我，好像認(rèn)識(shí)我似的。Idon'tknowwhyheislookingatme________________________me.64.老師強(qiáng)烈要求我們不要沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲因?yàn)樗鼈儗?duì)我們的學(xué)習(xí)有負(fù)面的影響。Ourteacherdemandedthatwe________addictedtocomputergamesbecausetheyhaveanegativeeffectonourstudy.65.I________thatyou________toyourfriendabouthisbehavior.我建議你跟你的朋友聊聊他的行為。66.________shemay,sheneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactory.盡管她很努力，然而其工作卻不令人滿意。67.Intothecompletesilenceofthewaitingclass____,“Goodmorning,children.”(come)在全班同學(xué)靜靜的等待中傳來了老師甜甜的嗓音：“孩子們，早上好”。68.站在桌旁的是他的妻子。____________________________________washiswife.69.墻上掛的是兩幅齊白石的畫。____________________________________aretwopaintingsbyQiBaishi.70.他們能夠?qū)χ袊嗣駷樗麨榈娜兆右蝗ゲ粡?fù)返了。_________arethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheylikedtotheChinesepeople.71.只有通過面對(duì)面的談話，我們才有機(jī)會(huì)說服他改變主意。Onlybytalkingfacetoface________thechancetopersuadehimtochangehismind.72.只有當(dāng)你找到內(nèi)心的平靜時(shí)，你才能和別人保持良好的關(guān)系。Onlywhenyoucanfindpeaceinyourheart________goodrelationshipswithothers.73.盡管他是個(gè)孩子，他卻幫了我很大的忙。________,hehelpedmealot.74.只有當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)與自然和諧共存的時(shí)候，我們才不能成為野生生物和地球的威脅。Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnature________________stopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.75.電腦應(yīng)用于教學(xué)中。結(jié)果不僅節(jié)省了老師的精力，學(xué)生們也對(duì)課堂更感興趣。Thecomputerisusedinteaching.Asaresult,notonly______________,butstudentsbecomemoreinterestedinthelessons.76.如果你不參加那個(gè)派對(duì)，我也不參加。Ifyoudon’tgototheparty,nor________________.77.他不但主持了晚會(huì)，還表演了英語話劇。（notonly位于句首）________________________buthealsoplayedapartinanEnglishopera.78.只有不斷地完善自己，我們才能成功。Onlywhenweimproveourselvesconstantly___________________________.79.只有多加練習(xí)我們才能在英語學(xué)習(xí)上取得進(jìn)步。Onlybypractisingmore________we________________inEnglish.80.只有當(dāng)一家公司關(guān)注自身產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量時(shí)，它才能獲取利潤。Onlywhenacompanyfocusesonqualityofitsproducts____________________________________.81.如果出口到世界各地，他們的產(chǎn)品一定會(huì)大受歡迎。____________________tomarketsthroughouttheworld,theirproductswillcertainlybepopular.82.你們?yōu)槭裁床灰黄鹩懻撘幌逻@個(gè)問題？________________________the________together?83.___________thebeefbeingcookedonthestove,themotherpicturedthewholefamilyhavingmealstogether.(look)看著爐子上燉著的牛肉，媽媽想象著一家人在一起吃飯的畫面。84.專心于工作時(shí)，他總是廢寢忘食。When____________hiswork,healwaysforg