外研必修1Unit6詞匯重點(diǎn)句式短語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)鞏固（練習(xí)版）

詞匯突破外研必修一Unit6Atonewithnature詞匯突破序號(hào)詞匯音標(biāo)詞性及漢譯拓展/釋義wrap/r?p/v.包裏wrapwrappedwrapAinB用B把A包裹起來(lái)bewrapped被……包裹unwrapv.打開(kāi)sheet/?i?t/n.（冰或水等的）一大片asheet一層;一張;一片insheets大片地frost/fr?st/n.霜frostadj.嚴(yán)寒的，霜凍的terrace/?ter?s/n.梯田dynasty/?d?n?sti/n.朝代pletion/k?m?pli??(?)n/n.完成，結(jié)束pletev.完成adj.完全的pletelyadv.徹底地，完整地region/?ri?d?(?)n/n.地區(qū)，區(qū)域regionadj.地區(qū)的，區(qū)域的therefore/?ee?f??/adv.因此，由此steep/sti?p/adj.陡的，陡峭的soil/s??l/n.土壤shallow/???l??/adj.淺的prevent/pr??vent/v.阻止，防止preventn.阻止,防止prevent...()doingsth.阻止……做某事stop...from(doing)sth...制止……keep...from(doing)sth....阻止……protect...from/against(doing)sth.保護(hù)……免受……傷害溫馨提示:短語(yǔ)prevent/stop/protect...from...中的from可以省略,keep...from...中的from不能省略。harmony/?hɑ?m?ni/n.融洽相處…和湝(1)harmonywith...與……協(xié)調(diào)outofharmonywith...與……不協(xié)調(diào)liveinharmony和睦相處,和諧共處(2)harmonadj.和諧的,和睦的;協(xié)調(diào)的design/d??za?n/v.設(shè)計(jì)(1)bedesignedsb./sth.為……設(shè)計(jì)bedesignedtodosth.為……而設(shè)計(jì)(2)design=onpurpose有意地,蓄意地designn.設(shè)計(jì)者;謀劃者vapour/?ve?p?/n.蒸氣harm/hɑ?m/v.傷害，損搳(1)doharmsb./sth.=dosb./sth.harm對(duì)某人/某物有害thereisnoharmindoingsth.不妨做某事(2)harmfuladj.有害的beharmful對(duì)……有害(3)harmadj.無(wú)害的crop/kr?p/n.庒稼，作物agriculture/??ɡr??k?lt??/n.農(nóng)業(yè)agriculturadj.農(nóng)業(yè)的，農(nóng)用的replace/r??ple?s/v.以…替換，更換replaceA(/byB)用(B)替換/接替/取代A“代替”的其他表達(dá)法insteadof代替inplaceof頂替,代替inone'splace代替takesb.’s/sth.'splace=taketheplaceofsb./sth.代替,替換某人/某物replacesth.=taketheplaceofsth.代替……replace...with/by...用……替換……bereplacedby被……替換replace...as取代……而成為……material/m??t??ri?l/n.材料mineral/?m?n(?)r?l/n.礦物，礦產(chǎn)minen.礦井，礦v.在...中開(kāi)采，開(kāi)采minn.曠工，采礦機(jī)consumer/k?n?sju?m?/n.消費(fèi)者consumev.消耗，吞噬consumn.消耗，消耗量priority/pra???r?ti/n.優(yōu)先處理的事，當(dāng)務(wù)之急adj.優(yōu)先的:先前的;在..之前prioritizev.優(yōu)先處理，按重要性排列g(shù)ivepriority優(yōu)先考慮，給...優(yōu)先權(quán)toppriority首要優(yōu)先級(jí)，最為重要highpriority高優(yōu)先級(jí)，高優(yōu)先權(quán)beauty/?bju?ti/n.美，美麗beautv.美化，打扮thebeautyofthesunset/ofpoetry落日/詩(shī)作之美barrier/?b?ri?/n.障礙，壁壘reef/ri?f/n.礁structure/?str?kt??/n.結(jié)構(gòu)，構(gòu)造，組織structuradj.結(jié)構(gòu)的，建筑的living/?l?v??/adj.活的，活著的(1)living“活著的”,與alive同義,可作表語(yǔ)或前置定語(yǔ)。livingthings生物(2)alive“活著的;有活力的”,可作表語(yǔ)、后置定語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。(3)live“活的”,一般不指人,通常作前置定語(yǔ);還可指“現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的”。experimentsonliveanimals動(dòng)物活體實(shí)驗(yàn)alivebroadcastoftheconcert音樂(lè)會(huì)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播(4)lively“充滿活力的,生動(dòng)有趣的”,可指人或物,作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。alivelycity/child充滿活力的城市/孩子organism/???ɡ?n?z(?)m/n.生物，有機(jī)體observatory/?b?z??v?t(?)ri/n.天文臺(tái)，觀象臺(tái)basin/?be?s(?)n/n.盆地，低洼地grand/ɡr?nd/adj.宏偉的，壯麗的canyon/?k?nj?n/n.峽谷valley/?v?li/n.谷，山谷narrow/?n?r??/adj.狹窄的，不寬的v.(使)變窄;(使)縮小(1)anarrowstreet/bridge狹窄的街道/橋anarrowviewoflife狹隘的人生觀haveanarrowescape死里逃生,險(xiǎn)些遇險(xiǎn)anarrowvictory/defeat險(xiǎn)勝/惜敗narrowmindedadj.氣量小的,小心眼的,狹隘的(2)narrowthegap縮小差距narrow...down(to)縮小……的范圍(到...)(3)narrowadv.勉強(qiáng)地;狹隘地platform/?pl?tf??m/n.高臺(tái)，平臺(tái)waterfall/?w??t?f??l/n.瀑布thunder/?θ?nd?/n.打雷channel/?t??nl/n.海峽tunnel/?t?nl/n.隧道camel/?k?m(?)l/n.駱駝desert/?dez?t/n.沙漠，荒漠(1)desertadj.無(wú)人居住的;被人遺棄的(2)(形近詞)dessertn.(飯后)甜點(diǎn)sail/se?l/v.（乘船）航行sailorn.水手，海員climate/?kla?m?t/n.氣候climatadj.氣候的，與氣候相關(guān)的climaticallyadv.氣候上，風(fēng)土上inside/?n?sa?d/adv.在（建筑物，房間）內(nèi)publish/?p?bl??/v.出版publishv.出版人/機(jī)構(gòu)詞語(yǔ)辨析：publish與eoutpublish是及物動(dòng)詞,可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。eout是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。green?ngers高超的種植技能sunflower/?s?n?fla??/n.向日葵expert/?eksp??t/adj.內(nèi)行的，專家的beexpert/in/on(doing)sth.是某方面的專家beanexpertat/in/on(doing)sth.是某方面的專家branch/brɑ?nt?/n.樹枝rent/rent/v.租用，租借n.租金rentsth.sb.從某人那里租用某物rentsth.()tosb.把某物出租給某人rent(尤用于告示)出租,招租 amonth'srentinadvance預(yù)付的月租金rooftop/?ru?ft?p/n.屋頂thistle/?θ?s(?)l/n.薊limited/?l?m?t?d/adj.有限的(1)belimitedsth.受限制于……(2)limitn.&vt.界限;限度;限定;限制put/setalimitto...對(duì)……設(shè)限制withinthelimitsof在……的范圍內(nèi)withoutlimit無(wú)限(制)地limitsth.tosth.把……限定在……范圍內(nèi)(3)limitadj.無(wú)限制的;無(wú)界限的bene?t/?ben?f?t/n.好處，益處v.使受益;得益于benefitsb./sth.對(duì)某人/某物有益benefit/by...得益于……,從……中受益benefiadj.有益的有利的,有幫助的thebenefitof...為了……的利益=forsb.'sbenefittosb.'sbenefit對(duì)某人有利beofbenefitto...(=bebeneficialto...)對(duì)……有益herb/h??b/n.（用于調(diào)味）香草pleasant/?plez(?)nt/adj.令人愉快的flavour/?fle?v?/n.味，味道energy/?en?d?i/n.力量，活力fullofenergy精力充沛;富含能量havetheenergytodosth.有精力做某事energadj.精力充沛的system/?s?st?m/n.系統(tǒng)systematicadj.有系統(tǒng)的，有規(guī)則的systematicallyadv.有系統(tǒng)地，有組織地，有條不紊地重點(diǎn)句式結(jié)構(gòu)分析重點(diǎn)句式結(jié)構(gòu)分析Summerseesthemountainsturnbrightgreenwithgrowingrice.夏日里,稻谷生長(zhǎng),山頂呈現(xiàn)一片鮮明的綠色。句式剖析句中的名詞Summer作主語(yǔ)。在英語(yǔ)句子中,我們經(jīng)常遇到無(wú)生命名詞作主語(yǔ)的情況,這種句子在英語(yǔ)中比漢語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)得要多,而科技文和散文中的這類句子更為常見(jiàn)。許多動(dòng)詞與作主語(yǔ)的無(wú)生命名詞連用,表示無(wú)生命事物的運(yùn)動(dòng)、變化、狀態(tài)和作用。①Asnightfell,thegreatwesttowersstillstoodagainstthesky,proudbutvulnerable.夜幕降臨,巍峨的西部塔依然聳立在那里,直入云霄,雄偉但脆弱。②Thenewworkinghourscausedalotofbadfeelingsatthefactory.新工時(shí)制讓工廠的工人們特別不滿。補(bǔ)全句子①Theoldtemple(see)ofthevillageinthepasttwohundredyears.這座古廟見(jiàn)證了過(guò)去二百年里這個(gè)村莊的巨大變遷。②Theendofthemovie(find)anddefeated. 在電影結(jié)尾,他們?cè)庥龉陋?dú)和失敗。③Asisknowntoall,2003(see)ofChina'sfirstmannedspaceship.眾所周知,中國(guó)在2003年成功發(fā)射了第一艘載人飛船。Duringtherainyseason,itisalongthesewaterwaysthatrainwatermovesdownthemountainsandintotheterraces.在雨季,雨水是沿著這些水路從山上流下進(jìn)入梯田的。句式剖析Itis...that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,本句強(qiáng)調(diào)了地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的常用形式:(1)陳述句形式:Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who+其他成分(2)一般疑問(wèn)句形式:Is/Wasit+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who+其他成分?(3)特殊疑問(wèn)句形式:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+is/wasitthat+其他成分?(4)notuntil的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式:Itis/wasnotuntil...that+其他成分①Itisinthehallthattheyhavehadameeting.他們是在禮堂舉行了會(huì)議。②ItwaslastsummerthatIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.我是去年夏天從那所大學(xué)畢業(yè)的。③Wasityesterdaythattheyattendedalectureabouttheenvironmentalprotection?是在昨天他們聽(tīng)了一個(gè)關(guān)于環(huán)保的報(bào)告嗎?④Whatisitthatcausesthechangeinseasons?是什么造成了季節(jié)的變化?⑤ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIlearnedit.直到昨天我才聽(tīng)說(shuō)這件事。溫馨提示:“It’s...that...”強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的注意事項(xiàng):(1)不用于強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且指人時(shí)that可換成who;(3)去掉“it's”“that/who”后句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍完整。單句語(yǔ)法填空①M(fèi)anypeoplehopetopossessgreatwealth,butasamatteroffact,itishealthreallycounts.②ItwasnotuntilhecamebackfromAfricathatyearhemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.③I'vereadanotherbookthisweek.Well,maybeisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.Thereasonsforwhichtheyprefernaturaldyesarethatthecoloursarebrighterandcanbekeptlonger.他們喜歡天然染料的原因就是色彩鮮艷,保持時(shí)間長(zhǎng)。句式剖析當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是reason時(shí),表語(yǔ)從句一般用that引導(dǎo)(注意:不能誤用because)。①ThereasonwhyIwassadwasthathedidn'tunderstandme.我難過(guò)的原因是他不理解我。②Thereasonforyourfailureintheexamwasthatyouweremuchtoocareless.你考試不及格的原因是太粗心。單句語(yǔ)法填空①Onereasonformylivinginthecountrysideisithasnoairpollution.②Peoplelikehimandonereasonishehasasenseofhumour.③Thereasonyoudidn'tpassthedrivingtestwasthatyouhadn'tpracticedenough.Today,millionsofBritsliketosaythattheyhave“greenfingers",witharoundhalfthepopulationspendingtheirfreetimegardening.今天,數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的英國(guó)人喜歡說(shuō)他們是園藝高手,大約有一半的人把空閑時(shí)間都花在園藝上。句式剖析句中witharoundhalfthepopulationspendingtheirfreetimegardening為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),其構(gòu)成是:現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行 with+n./pron.+賓補(bǔ) 過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成 不定式表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)表示狀態(tài)Shecametoariverwithgreengrassandredflowersonbothsides.她來(lái)到了一個(gè)兩邊長(zhǎng)著紅花綠草的小河邊。單句語(yǔ)法填空①Withtheboy(lead)theway,wehadnodifficultyinfindinghishome.②Withthekey(lose),hehadtowaitoutsidethedoor.③Withsomuchwork(do),Ihavenotimeforaholiday.AndwhilemanyBritslikenothingbetterthanspendingtheirSundaycuttingthegrass,somearehappyjusttositunderthebranchesofthetreesandenjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundthem.雖然許多英國(guó)人最喜歡在星期天修剪草,但也有些人很高興能坐在樹枝下欣賞他們周圍世界的美。句式剖析nothingbetterthan為“否定詞+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu),表示最高級(jí)意義,通常譯為“沒(méi)有比……更……的,沒(méi)有像……一樣……的”。常用的否定詞有no,not,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等。①There'snothingbetterforyouthanplentyofwaterandsleep.你最好多喝水多休息。②Thereisnothingbetterthanthis.沒(méi)有什么比這更好。知識(shí)拓展表示最高級(jí)意義的常用比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)還有:anyother+單數(shù)名詞all(the)other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級(jí)+than+ anyone/anythingelse anyoftheother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞therestof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞③Heworksharderthananyotherstudent.他學(xué)習(xí)最努力。④Tomcaredmoreformoneythanforanythingelse.Tom最看重金錢。單句語(yǔ)法填空①HowwasyourrecenttriptoSichuan?I'veneverhada(pleasant)onebefore.一句多譯這本書對(duì)我影響最大。②Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethan.③Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethan.④Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethan.⑤Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethan.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)積累重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)積累1.bewrappedin被……包裹著 2.behometo是……的故鄉(xiāng)/家園/棲息地3.gotothetroubletodo不辭辛勞地去做 4.o...把……變成……5.prevent...from阻止…… 6.washaway沖走7.inharmonywith與……協(xié)調(diào)一致 8.provide...forsb.為某人提供……9.beatonewithnature與自然融為一體 10.reflecton反思11.replaceAwithB用B代替A 12.givepriorityto優(yōu)先考慮13.beexpertatdoingsth.擅長(zhǎng)做某事 14.havegreenfingers有高超的種植技能15.asfarastheeyecansee目之所及 16.passsth.down使世代相傳,流傳 17.asheetofpaper一張紙 18.intheYuanDynasty在元朝19.designaplatform設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)平臺(tái) 20.harmthecrops危害莊稼21.industryandagriculture工農(nóng)業(yè) 22.anapartmentforrent公寓出租23.apleasantflavour令人愉快的味道24.fromthebottomtotheverytop從底部到頂部;從底層到頂層25.gotosomuchtrouble如此大費(fèi)周章26.preventthesoilfrombeingwashedaway防止土壤流失27.feedon(動(dòng)物)以……為食28.beemorepopularwithconsumers更受消費(fèi)者歡迎29.atoppriority當(dāng)務(wù)之急;重中之重 30.remindsb...of提醒某人…… 31.protectnature'sbeauty保護(hù)自然之美 32.separate......from把……和……分開(kāi)33.withalengthof長(zhǎng)度為……的34.anexpertat/in/on(doing)sth.在某方面的專家;做某事的專家35.allowwindtopassthrough讓風(fēng)穿過(guò) 36.soundlike聽(tīng)起來(lái)像 37.inthe5thcenturyBC在公元前5世紀(jì) 38.belikelytodosth.可能做某事39.Itisestimatedthat... 據(jù)估計(jì)…. 40.millionsof數(shù)百萬(wàn)的 41.greenfingers 高超的種植技能 42.enterintopetitions參加競(jìng)賽43.nothingbetterthan 沒(méi)有什么比……更好的了 44.leadto導(dǎo)致45.(be) indoubtabout對(duì)……有疑問(wèn) 46.haveapositiveeffecton對(duì)…有積極的影響47.takeamomenttodosth.花點(diǎn)時(shí)間做某事 48.onceagain再一次基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)鞏固基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)鞏固一、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1．Thankstothe(agriculture)development,farmersareleadingahappylife.2．Whenyougototroubleofsettinggoals,keepthemtoamanageablenumber.3．Thereisagrowingawarenessthatthe(prevent)ofenvironmentalpollutionisextremelyimportant.4．Humanspasstheirskillsandknowledgetothenextgenerationsthrougheducation.5．Thegardenerhascutdownallthedead(branch)fromthetree.6．Thefactisthatabalanceddietcankeepus(energy)everyday.7．Whenyouaredoubtaboutthemeaningofaword,consultadictionary.8．Thebook(publish)manyyearsago,describesthebeautifulandmysteriousShangrilar(理想樂(lè)園)．9．TheoldmanwithIoftengototheparkismygrandfather.10．CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomswhichI’mnotsure?11．Themost(pleasure)thingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.12．Shereflectedwhetherthelearningmethodissuitableforheraftertheexam.13．Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybe(benefit)forhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.14．We’rejusttryingtoreachapointbothsideswillsitdownandtalkpeacefully.15．(limit)thoughtimewas,theymanagedtoachievemuchaftertakingaseriesofmeasures.16．Manyparentshave(limit)knowledgeaboutwhatabalanceddietis.17．Withthegreatfireworkshow,wewillhavea(please)evening.18．Atthattime,allthenewbuildings(design)inatraditionalway.19．Thefinalscoreofthebasketballmatchwas93to94.Wewereonly(narrow)beaten.20．Theprojectisdesigned(improve)thesurroundingsofthismunitytomakepeoplehappier.21．Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinamore(harmony)society.2