2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit1Anewstart第3課時Developingideas學案含解析外研版必修第一冊

PAGEUnit1Anewstart第三課時DevelopingideasⅠ.詞匯初探1．a(chǎn)ward(n.)獎，獎賞2．opportunity(n.)機會，時機3．subscribe(v.)訂閱4．view(n.)(一次)觀看5．former(adj.)從前的6．sight(n.)望見7．figure(v.)認為，以為8．select(v.)選擇，選拔9．neat(adj.)好的，令人開心的10．specific(adj.)詳細的，特定的11．struggle(v.)奮斗；拼搏12．memorise(v.)記住，熟記13．committee(n.)委員會14．rate(v.)對……作評估，評價15．exchange(v.)看法、信息等溝通16．graduate(v.)畢業(yè)→graduation(n.)畢業(yè)17．frightened(adj.)膽怯 的，恐驚的→frightening(adj.)令人膽怯 的18．disappointed(adj.)悲觀的，懊喪的→disappointing(adj.)令人悲觀的19．particular(adj.)特定的，特指的→particularly(adv.)特殊，尤其20．improve(v.)改善，改進→improvement(n.)改善，改進21．performance(n.)(工作或活動中的)表現(xiàn)→perform(v.)表現(xiàn)，表演Ⅱ.短語互譯1．當然，確定for_sure2．處理，應付deal_with3．在……末尾at_the_end_of4．提到，談到refer_to5．goallout全力以赴6．inparticular尤其，特殊7．givesb.ahand幫某人忙8．lookforwardto(興奮地)期盼，盼望Ⅲ.語篇理解StepⅠ.Readthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．WhatwasLisainvitedtodo?A．Totellusthatshewouldgotocollege.B．Toshareheradviceforhighschool.C．Totellusthatshegraduatedfromhighschool.D．Toshareherpainfulexperience.答案：B2．HowdidLisafirstfeelwhenshehadachemistrytestattheendoffirstweek?A．Nervous. B．Relaxed.C．Frightened. D．Embarrassed.答案：C3．HowmanyquestionsdidtheintervieweraskLisa?A．2. B．3.C．4. D．5.答案：C4．Accordingtothepassage,wecanseethat________.A．LisahadfewfriendsB．LisagaveinwhenshefacedchallengesC．LisajoinedtheschoolvolleyballteamonlyforwinningD．Lisastillworkedhardalthoughshewasn'tselectedfortheend-of-yearcompetition答案：D5．What'stheimportantadvicethatLisagave?A．Helpyourfriendswhentheyneedit.B．Trytobearainbow.C．Keepworkinghard.D．Keepanopenmind.答案：AStepⅡ.Decidewhetherthefollowingsentencesaretrueorfalse.1．LisagraduatedfromhighschoollastJuly.(F)2．LisatookpartinOrientationDay.(T)3．Lisagaveinwhenshefacednewchallenges.(F)4．Lisawasselectedfortheend-of-yearcompetition.(F)5．Lisathinksthathelpingotherswillmakeusfeelgood.(T)StepⅢ.Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.Lisa1.graduated(graduate)fromhighschoollastJuneandisabouttogotocollege.Shewasinvitedtoshareher2.suggestions(suggestion)forhighschool.ShethinksOrientationDaywasreally3.helpful(help).Ithelpsstudentstogettoknowtheschoolandtheotherstudents.Sokeepanopenmindandtakepartinasmuch4.aspossible.WhentheintervieweraskedLisahowshedealwithnewchallenges.Lisatoldachemistrytest5.attheendofthefirstweek.Shewas6.frightened(frighten)atthesightofthetestpaper.Butthenshefiguredshe'dbetterjustgoalloutandsee7.whathappened.ThenLisatoldhowshedealtwithsomemoments8.whenshewasdisappointed.Shewasn't9.selected(select)fortheend-of-yearcompetition.Atfirstshewasreallysad,butlatershestillkeptworkinghardtosupportherteammates.Lookingbackatherhighschoollife,shethoughtthemostimportantadvicewastogiveherfriends10.ahandwhentheywereintrouble.1eq\a\vs4\al(award)(1)n.獎；獎品；獎狀；獎金MoYanreceivedagreatawardgivenbytheNobelPrizeCommittee.莫言獲得了諾貝爾獎委員會頒發(fā)的大獎。(2)vt.授予；嘉獎；判給；頒獎，授獎①Shewasawardedamedalforbravery.她因英勇而獲得獎章。②TheyawardedJohnthefirstprize.他們授予約翰一等獎。[歸納拓展](1)win/receiveanaward/awards贏得/得到嘉獎(2)awardsb.forsth.因某事嘉獎某人awardsb.sth./awardsth.tosb.授予某人某物[易混辨析]名詞動詞award獎品，獎金receiveanaward贏得獎品授予，頒發(fā)awardsb.sth.＝awardsth.tosb.reward獎金或一些非金錢的酬勞。inrewardfor作為對……的回報賜予酬勞，指因?qū)Ψ降墓ぷ?、服務、幫助而賜予的酬勞或獎賞。rewardsb.forsth.因某事而嘉獎某人[巧學助記][即時鞏固]寫出下列句中award的含義①Thejudgeawardedalargesumofmoneytothosehurtbytheexplosion.(判定)②Thebeststudentsareawardedspecialscholarships(獎學金)．(授予)③Cathydidn'texpectanyawardbutwasstilltheretocheerherfriends.(獎品，獎金)句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Theorganizerawardedourteamthecup.＝Theorganizerawarded_the_cup_to_our_team.2subscribevi.同意；捐贈；訂閱vt.簽署(文件)；捐助①Themanagersubscribedhisnametothedocument.經(jīng)理在這份文件上簽了字。②ManycountrieshavesubscribedagreatdealofmoneytoJapan.很多國家已經(jīng)向日本捐獻了大量的錢。[歸納拓展](1)subscribeto...訂閱(報紙或雜志)；同意，贊同；向……捐款subscribefor...認購(股票)(2)subscriptionn．訂閱費；訂購款；訂購subscribern．訂閱人，訂戶，訂購者①Hedidn'tsubscribetoourproposal.他不同意我們的建議。②Whichjournal(s)doyousubscribeto?你訂閱哪一種雜志？[即時鞏固]用適當?shù)慕樵~填空①I'vepersonallyneversubscribedtotheviewthateithersexissuperiortotheother.解析：句意：我個人從來不贊同哪一特性別優(yōu)于另一個的觀點。本題考查介詞。subscribeto“同意；贊同”。單句語法填空②Youmaycancelatanytimeduringyoursubscription(subscribe)andgetallyourmoneyback.解析：句意：在訂閱期間，你可以隨時取消訂閱并拿回全部錢。考查名詞。your為形容詞性物主代詞，其后應用名詞。③Withsomanykindsofmagazinestochoosefrom，Ifeltatalosswhichto_subscribe(subscribe)．解析：句意：有這么多雜志可供選擇，我一時不知道訂哪種?？疾榉侵^語動詞。依據(jù)語境此處應當用動詞不定式，故填tosubscribe。3eq\a\vs4\al(view)(1)n.[C](從某處看到的)景色，風景Theviewfromthetopofthemountainiswonderful.從山頂遠眺，景色很美。(2)n.觀看，看Youngmenclimbedonbusesandfencestogetabetterview.為了看得更清晰些，年輕人爬上了公共汽車和柵欄。(3)n.[U]視野，視域，視線Sitdown—you'reblockingmyview.坐下，你攔住我的視線了。(4)n.[C](個人的)觀點，看法，見解，看法(多用復數(shù)形式)What'syourviewonschoolpunishment?你對學校的懲罰有什么看法？(5)vt.觀看；凝視；考慮①Peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoviewherpaintings.人們從世界各地涌來觀賞她的油畫。②Wecanviewtheproblemsinmanyways.我們可以從多方面來考慮這些問題。[巧學助記][歸納拓展]inone'sview/opinion在某人看來inviewof鑒于，考慮到outofview看不見，在視野之外haveagoodviewof對……一覽無余getagoodview看得清晰；好的視野comeintoview進入視野，被望見①Inviewofthis,thedecisionmaynotbeeasy.考慮到這點，可能很難做出確定。②Agroupofriderscameintoviewonthedirtroad.一群騎車的人出現(xiàn)在那條土路上。[易混辨析]view常指從遠處或高處或某個特定的角度看到的景象scenery是不行數(shù)名詞，指某地總的自然風景或景色，尤指鄉(xiāng)間景色scene指呈現(xiàn)在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活動在內(nèi)，還可以表示“現(xiàn)場；場面”等sight既可以指場景、眼前看到的景觀，又可以指名勝，表示“名勝”時，要用復數(shù)形式[巧學助記]形象記憶“風景”與“場景”四單詞[即時鞏固]補全句子①In_view_of(鑒于)thefactthatthejourneywouldbeginatanaltitudeofmorethan5,000metres,shechangedhermindatlast.②Theyhave_different_views_on(對……有不同的觀點)theman'srealidentity.③In_my_view/opinion(在我看來),shedidcareaboutherparents.④Finally,thefamoustemplecame_into_view(映入眼簾)．⑤Oneoftheadvantagesoflivingonthetopfloorofahighbuildingisthatyoucanget_a_good_view(看得清晰)．⑥Fromthetallbuilding,youcanhave_a_good_view_of(對……一覽無余)thewholecity.用view,sight,scene或scenery填空⑦We'llseethesightsofParistomorrow.⑧Wewerehappytoseethesceneofthechildrenplayinggameshappily.⑨Thebeautifulsceneryinthemountainattractedallofus.⑩Youcangetagoodviewofthetownfromthetopofthehill.4eq\a\vs4\al(graduate)(1)n.高校畢業(yè)生Hissisterisahistorygraduate.他姐姐是一位歷史專業(yè)的高校畢業(yè)生。(2)vi.畢業(yè)Aftergraduating,wefinallygotthechancetotakeabiketrip.畢業(yè)后，我們最終有機會進行自行車旅行了。[歸納拓展](1)graduatefrom從……畢業(yè)graduatein畢業(yè)于……專業(yè)(2)graduationn．畢業(yè)aftergraduationfrom...從……畢業(yè)之后Aftergraduationfromtheuniversity,hewentabroadtowork.高校畢業(yè)后他就去國外工作了。[即時鞏固]單句語法填空①Theyarethegraduates(graduate)whograduatedfromWuhanUniversityandnowareplayinganimportantpartinourcompany.②DaminggraduatedinphysicsfromCambridgeUniversity.③Aftergraduation(graduate)shereachedapointinhercareerwheresheneededtodecidewhattodo.5eq\a\vs4\al(frightenedadj.恐驚的，膽怯 的)①Iwasfrightenedbytheloudnoise.巨大的噪音把我嚇了一跳。②Thisfrightenedboywhosemotherwaslostinthedisasterislookingforhisfathernow.那個在災難中失去母親、驚恐擔心的男孩現(xiàn)在正在找尋他的父親。[歸納拓展](1)frightenvt.使驚訝，驚嚇frightensb./sth.away把……嚇跑frightensb.into/outof(doing)sth.恐嚇某人做/不做某事Anaggressivebearwillusuallyrushforwardtofrightenawayitsenemybutwouldsuddenlystopatthelastminute.一只富于攻擊性的熊通常會向前沖來嚇走敵人，但在最終一刻會突然停止。(2)frighteningadj.令人恐驚的，令人膽怯 的Whenyoustandatanaltitudetoseethefrighteningrapidsandwaterfall,youwillfeelmuchfrightened.當你站在高處看到可怕的急流和瀑布時，你會感到特別膽怯 。[誤區(qū)警示](1)frightening指事物本身具有使人膽怯 的性質(zhì)，意為“令人膽怯 的”。(2)frightened表示主語的感覺，多指人“感到膽怯 的，受恐嚇的”。作定語時，常用于修飾人的聲音、表情等，如afrightenedgirl一個受驚嚇的女孩，frightenedlook/expression膽怯 的表情。(3)很多表達情感的動詞具有兩種形容詞形式：一是-ing形容詞，二是-ed形容詞。如：shock—shocking—shocked；surprise—surprising—surprised；move—moving—moved等。[巧學助記]Thehugebirdfrightenedthelittlecatonpurpose.Thefrighteningthreatmadethecatfrightened.這只巨鳥有意恐嚇小貓。小貓被這種令它恐驚的威逼嚇壞了。[即時鞏固]完成句子①Miriamwas_too_frightened_totellherfamilywhathadhappened.米麗婭姆太膽怯 了，她不敢告知家人所發(fā)生的事情。②Itwas_a_very_frightening_experiencebuttheywereverycourageous.那是一段特別令人恐驚的經(jīng)驗，但他們表現(xiàn)得卻很英勇。單句語法填空③Hearingthefrightening(frighten)story,thelittleboyhadafrightened(frighten)expressiononhisface.解析：句意：聽到這個令人恐驚的故事，這個小男孩臉上露出膽怯 的表情。frightening令人恐驚的；frightened受驚的，膽怯 的。6eq\a\vs4\al(figure)(1)n.畫像，身材，數(shù)字①Thecentralfigureinthepaintingistheartist'sdaughter.那幅畫中間的人物是這位藝術(shù)家的女兒。②Sheisdietingtokeepherfigurealthoughsheisslim.盡管她已經(jīng)很苗條了，可她還在節(jié)食以保持身材。③By1998thisfigurehadrisento14million.到1998年為止，這一數(shù)字已高達1400萬。(2)v.認為，以為，估計，計算①Howdoyoufigurehecanlivewithoutme?你怎么會認為他沒有了我還能活？②Ifigured(that)youwouldarrivebeforenoon.我估計你會在中午前到達。[歸納拓展]figurethat...估計……，料想……figuresth.in把……計算在內(nèi)figureout理解，弄明白，計算出①Haveyoufiguredinthecostoffoodforourholiday?你把咱們度假的食物費用計算進去了嗎？②Ican'tfigureoutwhyhequithisjob.我不明白他為什么辭掉工作。[巧學助記][即時鞏固]單句語法填空①Thedevice(設備)alsokeepsarecordofwhatyoubuy.Whenyou'vefinished，thedevicefiguresoutyourbill.解析：句意：這個設備也對你買的東西做記錄。你買完后，設備就會計算你的賬單?？疾楣潭ǘ陶Z。figureout計算，符合句意。②Lookatthisyear'ssalesfigures(figure)againstlastyear's；they'resomuchbetter.解析：句意：和去年的銷售數(shù)字對比來看，今年的好了很多。本題考查名詞。依據(jù)語境可知此處為銷售數(shù)字。故用figures。7eq\a\vs4\al(selectvt.選擇；選擇)①Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow-browncolourlikehoney.選出來的琥珀色調(diào)明麗，呈現(xiàn)蜂蜜一樣的黃褐色。②Inordertorelaxthemselves，theyhavedecidedtoselectagoodplaceforfun.為了放松自己，他們已確定選擇一個好地方去好好玩一玩。[歸納拓展]select...for...為……選擇……selectsb./sth.as/tobe...選擇/選擇……當/作為……select...todo...選擇/選擇……做……select...from...從……中選擇……①Canyouselectapersonas/tobeacandidatetoequaltheengineerinability?你能選擇一個與這位工程師實力相當?shù)暮蜻x人嗎？②Theprojectselectedandtrained100localwomenassubstitutemotherstotakecareofleft-behindchildren.這項工程選擇并培訓了100名當?shù)氐膵D女作為替代媽媽來照看留守兒童。[易混辨析]select強調(diào)在廣泛的范圍內(nèi)進行“精選或淘汰”，側(cè)重以客觀標準進行選擇choose一般用詞，側(cè)重依據(jù)個人意愿和推斷，從眾多的對象中進行選擇，著重被選者的優(yōu)點，常與from或between連用elect指依據(jù)確定的規(guī)章或法律，用投票等方式進行仔細慎重的選擇，常譯為“選舉”[巧學助記]不一樣的“選擇”MotherspentalongtimeinselectingafewhatsforMary，outofwhichMarychosetheoneshelikedbest.母親花了很長時間給瑪麗選擇了幾頂帽子，瑪麗從中選了一頂她最喜愛的。[即時鞏固]用select，choose或elect的適當形式填空①ObamawaselectedAmericanpresidentagainin2012.②Therearefivepairsofshoestochoosefrom.③Hespentseveralhoursontaobaosearchingandselecting.8eq\a\vs4\al(improvev.改進，改善)Hisqualityoflifehasimprovedgreatlyaftertheoperation.手術(shù)后他的生活質(zhì)量大大改善了。[歸納拓展](1)improveon/uponsth.改進，做出比……更好的成果improveoneself自我完善improveone'slook美容(2)improvementn．改善，改進We'vecertainlyimprovedonlastyear'sfigures.我們的業(yè)績的確超過了去年的數(shù)字。[即時鞏固]完成句子①Heimprovedtheirhouse.他修繕了他們的房子。②Iwasabletoimprove_onhiswork.我有實力提高他的工作。單句語法填空③Thesystemweintroducedin1980hasbeenagreatimprovement(improve)．9eq\a\vs4\al(exchangevt.&n.交換；互換)①(全國卷Ⅱ)Soinformationwasexchanged,butitwasn'tatrue,intentionalbackandforth.因此交換了信息，但這不是一個真實的、有意的來回。②Iexchangedthebookforavideo.我用書換了一盤錄像帶。[歸納拓展](1)exchangeviews交換看法exchangeAforB用A交換Bexchangesth.withsb.和某人交換某物(2)inexchangefor以……交換……inexchange作為交換①Attheendofthegameplayerstraditionallyexchangeshirtswitheachother.依據(jù)傳統(tǒng)，競賽結(jié)束時兩隊球員互換球衣。②Itookhiswatchinexchangeformycamera.我拿了他的手表換我的相機。③Shepaintedmeapicture.Inexchange,Iwroteherapoem.她畫了一幅畫給我，我作了一首詩給她作為交換。[即時鞏固]用適當?shù)慕樵~填空①IgaveMaryanappleinexchangeformyfavoritebanana.②Iexchangedseatswithmydeskmate.③I'lltypeyourreportifyou'llbabysitformeinexchange.④Iofferedtopaintherhouseinexchangeforaweek'sstayatherhouse.1eq\a\vs4\al(dealwith)(1)解決；處理；應付①Haveyoudealtwiththeselettersyet?你處理這些信件了嗎？②He'sgoodatdealingwithpressure.他擅長應對壓力。(2)涉及；論及；關于①ThisnewbookdealswithWestAfrica.這是關于西非的一本新書。②Herpoemsoftendealwiththesubjectoflove.她的詩通常是關于愛情這一主題的。[名師點撥]dealwith的易考點(1)dealwith意為“處理，對待”時，與dowith同義。(2)dealwith中的deal為不及物動詞，常與疑問詞how連用；而dowith中的do為及物動詞，常與疑問詞what連用。①Iwonderwhattheywilldowiththeusedcar.我想知道他們會如何處理這輛舊車。②Childrenmustlearnhowtodealwithallthesituationsintheirlife.孩子們必需學會如何應對生活中的全部狀況。[即時鞏固]寫出下列句中dealwith的含義①Theyhavelearnedtodealwithallsortsofpeople.(應對)②Thebookdealswithhowtodealwithsuchmatters.(關于；處理)③Dealwithamanashedealswithyou.(應付；應付)2eq\a\vs4\al(forsure確定地，確定地)①Idon'tknowforsurethathewasdead.我的確不知道他已經(jīng)去世了。②Shewon'tlendyouanymoney,andthat'sforsure.她不會借給你錢，那是確定地。[歸納拓展]besuretodosth.確定要做某事，務必要做某事besureof(doing)sth.確定會(做)某事；某事確定會發(fā)生①Besuretogiveyourfamilymyregards.務必代我向你的家人問好。②Youcanbesureofonething—there'llbealotoflaughs.有一點可以確定——將會笑聲不斷。提示：[譯]他確定會來幫助你的。[誤]Itissurethathewillcometoyourhelp.[正]Itiscertainthathewillcometoyourhelp.[正]Iamsure/certainthathewillcometoyourhelp.留意：(1)tobesure作插入語，意為“的確；誠然”。She'snotpretty,tobesure,butsheisclever.她的確不美麗，但是她很聰慧。(2)makesure意為“確定，確?！?。①Hewoulddoanythinghecouldtomakesureofherhappiness.他情愿做他能做的任何事來確保她華蜜。②Makesure(that)youpickmeupatfive.你確定要在5點鐘來接我。[即時鞏固]句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Itiscertainthatwewillmakeprogressinourstudy.＝Wearesure_to_make_progressinourstudy.②Whenyougoout,makesureyouhavetakenthekey.＝Whenyougoout,besureto_takethekey.③I'msurethathewillsucceed.＝I'msureof/abouthissuccess.3eq\a\vs4\al(attheendof在……的末尾)①Attheendofthemeetingthespeakersaidgoodbyetothepeople.會議結(jié)束時，演講者向人們道別。②Youwillseethesignofthepostofficeattheendoftheroad.在路的終點，你會望見郵局的標牌。[歸納拓展]bring...toanend使……終止cometoanend完畢；結(jié)束intheend最終；終止endin以……結(jié)束putanendto＝put/bring...toanend終結(jié)bytheendof到……為止makebothendsmeet使收支相抵；量入為出[名師點撥](1)attheend后面可接也可不接of；intheend后面不接of；bytheend后須要接of，而且常與完成時連用。(2)bytheendof并不確定必需與完成時態(tài)連用，它既可與完成時態(tài)連用，也可與一般時態(tài)連用；但是attheendof確定與一般時態(tài)連用。[即時鞏固]單句語法填空IamgoingtotakeatriptoEuropeattheendofthismonth.解析：句意：這個月底我準備去歐洲旅行一次。attheendof“在……結(jié)束的時候”，為固定搭配。4eq\a\vs4\al(referto涉及；提到，談到；指的是；查閱，參考)①IwasnotreferringtoherwhenIsaidso.當我這么說時，我并不是指她。②Don'trefertothismatteragain,please.請不要再提這件事了。③Refertothedictionarywhenyoudon'tknowhowtospellaword.當你不知道怎么拼法一個單詞時，查閱一下詞典。[歸納拓展]refer...to...把……托付給……referto...as將……稱為……Mydoctorreferredmetoaspecialist.我的醫(yī)生讓我去找一位專家診治。[名師點撥](1)在referto中，to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞形式。(2)refer的過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都先雙寫“r”，再加“-ed”或“-ing”。類似的詞還有prefer,occur等。[易混辨析]referto“查閱”，后接詞典、參考書等lookup“查閱”，后接要查閱的詳細內(nèi)容[巧學助記]Ididn'tunderstandtheword,soIreferredtomydictionary.Unluckily,Icouldn'tlookupthewordinthisdictionary.我不相識這個單詞，所以我就去查我的詞典。但不幸的是，我沒有在這本詞典中查到這個單詞。[即時鞏固]用適當?shù)慕樵~填空Whenyoumeetsometroubleabouthowtousethenewmachine,youcanrefertotheinstructions.解析：句意：當你在關于如何運用這臺新機器方面遇到困難時，你可以參考說明書。referto“參考”，符合題意。5eq\a\vs4\al(lookforwardto期盼，期盼；盼望)①Wearelookingforwardtoreceivingyoure-mails.我們盼望著收到你的電子郵件。②Ilookforwardtoyourvisitnextweek.我期盼著你下周來訪。留意：以上例句中forward為副詞，表示“向前”；to為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。Helookedforwardtoseewhatwasgoingon.他向前看，想看看發(fā)生了什么事。提示：此句中forward照舊是副詞，但to此處為不定式符號表目的，后跟動詞原形。[巧學助記][即時鞏固]單句語法填空①Welookforwardtohearing(hear)fromyousoon.②Themomentwewerelookingforwardtoarrived(arrive)atlast.eq\o(\s\up7(1),\s\do5())Ifeelasifhighschoolwasonlyyesterday！我覺得中學似乎就在昨天。[句式分析](1)asif＝asthough“似乎，似乎”，可用來引導表語從句和狀語從句。(2)當說話者認為句子所述的是真實的、極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實時，asif從句要用陳述語氣。例如：Itlooksasifitisgoingtosnow.看來要下雪。(3)當說話人認為句子所述的是不真實的、極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的狀況時，從句要用虛擬語氣。與現(xiàn)在事實相反過去時(be動詞用were)與過去事實相反過去完成時(haddone)與將來事實相反would/could/might＋do①Thewomanlovesthechildrenasifsheweretheirmother.這位女士愛這些孩子，似乎她就是他們的媽媽一樣。(與現(xiàn)在事實相反)②HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore.他說起羅馬來似乎他以前去過那里似的。(與過去事實相反)③Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.他張開嘴似乎要說什么。(與將來事實相反)[即時鞏固]單句語法填空①(北京高考改編)Don'thandlethevaseasifitwere(be)madeofsteel.解析：考查虛擬語氣。句意：不要把那個花瓶當成是鋼鐵做的那樣處理。asif引導的是狀語從句，從句中用虛擬語氣。與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，應用一般過去時。在虛擬語氣中，常用were代替was。②(重慶高考改編)ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhad_done(do)it?eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())Youmusthavehadsomemomentswhenyouweredisappointed.你確定有過悲觀的時候。[句式分析]musthavedone表示對過去發(fā)生事情的確定推想。主句→Youmusthavehadsomemomentswhenyouweredisappointed.↑when引導定語從句。①Maryisn'tinnow；shemusthavegonetoherhometown.瑪麗現(xiàn)在不在家；她確定回老家了。②Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨夜確定下雨了，因為地面是濕的。③IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstmetJennifer.我仍舊記得第一次見到詹妮弗的那一天。④IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhenIlivedwithher.我將恒久不會遺忘我跟她一起生活的那些歲月。[即時鞏固]完成句子①Somethingmust_have_happened_to_themiftheydidn'tarriveastheyusuallydid.假如他們沒有像平常一樣到達，那他們確定是發(fā)生了什么事情。②(全國卷Ⅲ改編)Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmust_have_been_fairly_unpleasantforthepassengers，withallthesmokeandnoise.蒸汽機被用來拉車廂，它產(chǎn)生的煙霧和噪音，確定讓乘客很不舒適。單句語法填空③ItmusthavebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.解析：句意：確定是湯姆把車停在這兒的，因為他是唯一有車的人。musthavedone確定做了某事。④Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingsaredoneoncomputer.解析：分析句子可知本句是一個定語從句，先行詞是age，從句中缺少時間狀語，所以用when來引導。eq\o(\s\up7(3),\s\do5())Ifso，howdidyoudealwiththem？假如這樣，你如何處理他們？[句式分析](1)此句用了省略結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)Ifso為ifitisso省略句式，if為連詞，so指代上文的內(nèi)容，意為“假如是這樣的話”。①Doyouwanttojoininthesummercamp？Ifso，pleasesignyournamehere.你想?yún)⑴c夏令營嗎？假如想的話，請在這里簽名吧。②Haveyoueverworkedabroadbefore?Ifso,where?您以前是否去國外工作過？假如有，在什么地方？[歸納拓展]if構(gòu)成的其他省略形式：ifany假如有的話ifpossible假如可能的話ifnecessary假如必要的話ifever假如曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過的話ifnot假如不的話①Therearefew,ifany,mistakesinthebook.那本書里即使有錯誤，也不多。②Ifnecessary,I'llturntoyouforhelp.假如須要，我將向你求助。③Sheseldom,ifever,goestothecinema.她難得看電影。④(全國卷Ⅲ)Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.假如你實行的這些步驟有效的話，接著堅持下去。假如無效，看一下其他你可以嘗試的方法。[即時鞏固]完成句子①HaveyouevertravelledtoShanghai？If_so，whatimpressedyoumostthere？If_not,_whenwillyouwanttoadmireit?你去過上海嗎？假如去過，什么給你留下了深刻的印象？假如沒有去過，那么你何時想去觀賞它呢？翻譯句子②你已完成工作了嗎？假如已完成，下一步你要做什么？假如沒完成，你怎么才能按時完成它？Have_you_finished_your_work?_If_so,_what_will_you_do_next？If_not,_how_can_you_finish_it_on_time?單句語法填空③Itsoundslikesomethingiswrongwiththecar'sengine.Ifso,we'dbettertakeittothegarageimmediately.解析：句意：聽起來似乎是汽車的發(fā)動機出問題了。假如是這樣的話，我們最好立即把車送到修理廠去。ifso相當于ifitisso，意為“假如這樣的話”，其中so指代前句內(nèi)容，符合句意。④Theclimatehereisquitepleasant，thetemperaturerarely,ifever,reaching30℃insummer.解析：考查if從句的省略。ifever要是有的話(頻率)；依據(jù)形容詞pleasant“令人愉悅的”及副詞rarely“很少”可知，氣溫達到30度只是間或才會出現(xiàn)的狀況。句意：這兒的氣候是相當舒適的，要是曾經(jīng)有氣溫達到30度的話，也很少。eq\o(\s\up7(4),\s\do5())SoinphysicsclassonMonday，Ididthesame，buttheteacherspokesofastthatIcouldn'ttakeeverythingdown.因此在星期一的物理課上，我又去記筆記，但是老師說得太快我根本不能都登記來。[句式分析]句中so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，that引導結(jié)果狀語從句。①HewalkedsofastthatIcouldn'tfollowhim.他走得太快，我都跟不上了。②ItissogoodafilmthatIliketoseeitasecondtime.這部電影如此好，以至于我想再看一遍。[名師點撥]詳析so...that與such...that(1)so...that中的so后面跟形容詞或副詞；such...that中的such后面接名詞(或名詞短語)。(2)當that前的名詞有表示數(shù)量多少的詞many，much，few，little等修飾時，只能用so...that。(3)當that前是單數(shù)