2024年高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)-攻克典型題型之七選五專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

2/22024屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)攻克典型題型之七選五答題步驟1.速讀全文：了解大意；2.題目位置：看題目位于段首、段尾還是段中；3.尋找聯(lián)系：尋找題目前后在詞匯、意義上的聯(lián)系；4.思考邏輯：思考題目前后在行文上的邏輯關(guān)系；5.分析選項(xiàng)：分析選項(xiàng)的特征、預(yù)測(cè)選項(xiàng)在文中的位置。答題技巧技巧1：根據(jù)設(shè)空位置解題設(shè)空處在首在每段的第一句設(shè)空的內(nèi)容通常是該段的主旨句，解題時(shí)需要認(rèn)真研讀該段內(nèi)容，然后從選項(xiàng)中查找與下文相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，從而確定答案。設(shè)空處在段中要注意分析設(shè)空處前后的邏輯關(guān)系。設(shè)空處除了可能是承上啟下的過(guò)渡句外，也可能是對(duì)前文進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充解釋和舉例說(shuō)明的句子因此，首先需要依據(jù)信息詞將部分選項(xiàng)排除，然后把剩下的幾個(gè)可能正確的選項(xiàng)依次代入設(shè)空處，最終確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)和設(shè)空處前后內(nèi)容語(yǔ)義連貫、邏輯關(guān)系清晰，從而得出正確答案。設(shè)空處在段尾段尾句多為承上啟下的過(guò)渡句或總結(jié)、概括句。解題時(shí)，可從這個(gè)角度去思考：該空是歸納本段主旨還是引出下一段的內(nèi)容？如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文關(guān)聯(lián)的內(nèi)容，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段開(kāi)頭是否體現(xiàn)出了銜接。認(rèn)真閱讀下一段的開(kāi)頭幾句，看是否能與選項(xiàng)緊密連接起來(lái)。需要注意的是，有時(shí)第一段的段尾為文章主旨句。技巧2：根據(jù)詞匯線索解題詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)指相同詞匯的重復(fù)使用、同義詞和近義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)或同一范疇詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)。英語(yǔ)的線性思維表現(xiàn)為第一句話的賓語(yǔ)往往是第二句的主語(yǔ)，或者前后句有相同或重疊的詞語(yǔ)。這種前后句語(yǔ)義的銜接常以句子中關(guān)鍵詞（常為名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞）的同義詞、近義詞或反義詞（組）復(fù)現(xiàn)的方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。解題時(shí)可以利用這些詞作為線索。代詞線索使用代詞主要是為避免重復(fù)，多用于指代前面提到的人或物有時(shí)也用于指代前面提到的概念。巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系可以有效地幫助我們做出正確的選擇。技巧3：根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系解題文章由段落組成,層次分明,圍繞中心話題展開(kāi)。各段句之間形成一定的語(yǔ)義邏輯關(guān)系。閱讀補(bǔ)全解題攻略之一就是要理清這些關(guān)系,并據(jù)此選出正確答案?？偡株P(guān)系"總分結(jié)構(gòu)"中的"總"是文章內(nèi)容的總體概括，出現(xiàn)在文章的開(kāi)頭或結(jié)尾;"分"是文章內(nèi)容的具體展開(kāi)，它實(shí)際上是文章的主體部分。一篇文章在總體布局上，可以先總后分，也可以先分后總，還可以先總后分再總。解釋關(guān)系從邏輯意義上來(lái)看，句子與句子之間常常有解釋關(guān)系，往往是作者提出觀點(diǎn)，緊接著對(duì)這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明。因此，把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)，理清作者表達(dá)的意思至關(guān)重要。例證關(guān)系例證關(guān)系即某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過(guò)程基本是歸納(從例子到觀點(diǎn))和推理(從觀點(diǎn)到例子)。常見(jiàn)的表示例證關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語(yǔ)有：forexample，forinstance，inotherwords，thatistosay等。并列關(guān)系表示并列關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語(yǔ)有：and；first(ly)；second(ly)；then/next；tobeginwith；foronething，foranother；finally/lastly等。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞暗示前后說(shuō)的是同一件事。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語(yǔ)有：but，however，yet，while/though/although，or/otherwise，instead，nevertheless(然而)，still等。對(duì)比關(guān)系表示對(duì)比的詞暗示設(shè)空處與其后有相反的意義。表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語(yǔ)有：while，ifnot，some...others等。因果關(guān)系表示因果關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語(yǔ)有：so，therefore，thus，consequently(因此)，asaresult(of)等。題型訓(xùn)練一、GreenIsGoodPlantingandgrowingthingsoffersalotmorethanfreshvegetablesandflowers.Workinginaniceoutdoorspacecanhelpyoustayrefreshed,promoteyourcreativityandenrichyourleisureactivities.①_____.Therearemoreadvantages.ProvidingafunworkoutIt'swonderfultogetoutinthegardenonabeautifulday.Plantingseeds,pullingupweeds,movingpots,pushingalawnmower,andothergardeningtasksactuallyprovideawhole-body,moderate-intensityworkoutforpeople,especiallyforadults.②_____,whichmightkeepyouinmotionlongerthantraditionalexercise.③_____Havingdirtunderyourfingernailsmaybeasignofpoorhygiene,butscientistssayitcouldalsobeamarkofgoodhealth.Thankstobeneficialbacteriafoundinsoil,gardeningmayboostyourimmunesystem,helpingyougetsicklessandfightoffinfectionsmoreeasily.Nourishingyourspirit④_____.AccordingtoanexperimentconductedbyNASA,scientistsfoundthatplantingandnurturingseeds,eveninsmallpots,liftedastronauts'moodsandeasedtheirstressinthesevereenvironmentofouterspace.Andifgardeningcandothatforastronauts,itshouldbemorethangoodenoughforthoseofuswhowatchthemonTV.IncreasingcoordinationandstrengthHandandfingerstrength,flexibilityandcoordinationareessentialforeverydaytaskslikeopeningjars,carryingpackagesandpickingupchildren.⑤_____.Therefore,makegooduseofgardeningasanidealapproachtoenhancingyourcoordinationandstrength.A.SharpeningyourmindB.Andthat'sjustforstartersC.ImprovingyourimmunesystemD.Evenbetter,whateveryourage,itisabeneficialactivityE.WorkingwithplantsprovidesstressreliefandpositivesensorystimulationF.ThebenefitscomefromacombinationofphysicalexerciseandthestressreductionG.Gardeningisagreatwaytoimproveandmaintainthosefinemotorskillsandmuscles二、Whetheryou'reinterestedingrowingasmallfoodgardenathome,hydroponic(水培的)gardeningprovidesawaytogrowfresh,nutrient-richfoodinaquickly-changingworldwithlimitedresources.Whatisahydroponicgarden?①_____Plantscangrowindoors,allyearround,inlessspacethantraditionalsoil-basedgardens.Thismeansifyouliveinatinyapartmentordon'thaveanoutdoorarea,youcanstillgrowfreshfood.Howdoeshydroponicgardeningwork?Plantsneedsunlight,waterandnutrientstogrow.②_____Butthebasisofhydroponicsisrootedingrowingthefoodinnutrient-enrichedwater.Ahydroponicsystemcanbeprogrammedtoinsureaplantreceivessufficientwater,nutrients,lightandeventhecorrectpHleveltoprovideeachplantwithwhatitneedstosurviveandthrive.Whatplantscangrowhydroponically?Avarietyofdifferentfoodscanbegrowninahydroponicgarden.③_____Similartowhatyoucangrowinabackyardhanginggarden,somepopularvegetablesgrownusinghydroponicsincludeleafygreenslikelettuces(生菜).However,morecomplexsystemscanproducefruitingvegetablessuchastomatoes,cucumbers,peppersandmore.④_____Inadditiontobeingabletogrowfoodwithoutsoilandinsmallspaces,hydroponicgardeningcancontributetosolvingsocialandenvironmentalissues.Inregionswherepeopledon'thaveaccesstofreshvegetables,ahydroponicgardencanbepartofthesolution.Hydroponicplantscangrow40%to50%fasterandproduce30%morethantheplantsgrowinginsoil.⑤_____Insomecases,youcangrowproducethatisevenmorenutritious.A.Typically,plantsgetnutrientsfromsoil.B.Whatproducecanahydroponicgardenoffer?C.Whatarethebenefitsofahydroponicgarden?D.Ahydroponicgardenuseswaterinsteadofsoil.E.Microgreensareamongtheeasiestplantstogrow.F.Youcangrowmoreproduceinashorteramountoftime.G.Youcanpurchaseaready-to-gohydroponicgardenorbuildyourown.三、Weloveourdogsandalwaystrytotakegoodcareofthem,buttherearesomesimplethingsthatcanbeharmfultoourpets.①______PlayingfetchwithsticksMostdogsloveplayingfetchwithsticks.Itmaybefuntothrowoneforyourdogwhenyoudon'thaveaballorrubbertoyhandy,buttheycanbeextremelydangerous.Stickscaneasilybreak.②______Astickcanalsogothroughadog'sthroatandgetstuckthere,whichcanbelifethreatening.FeedingcookedbonesDogsloveeatingbonesandhumanleftovers,butcookedbonesshouldneverbefedtodogs.Theycanbreakintosmall,sharppieces.Theyhavethepotentialtocausechokingorcutstothemouth,throatorgut.Ifyouchoosetofeedyourdogbones,onlyfeedrawbonesandalwaysundercontrol.③______NotalldogscanswimDogownersoftentakeitforgrantedthatalldogscanswim,butinfactsomedogsmaynotbeabletoswimatall.Pugs,Frenchbulldogs,dachshundsandsimilarareoftenpoorswimmers.④______Inorderforthesedogstokeeptheirnosesandmouthsabovewatertheymuststicktheirheadsoutfromunderwater,whichpointstheirbackenddownwards,makingthemalmostverticalinthewaterandlikelytosink.⑤______Todothis,getinthewaterwiththemandsupportthemunderthebodyuntiltheygetthehangofusingallfourlegstopushthemselvesforward.Don'tforceyourdogiftheyarenotcomfortable,andalwaysstartbypaddlinginashallowarea.Manydogswilllearntoswimbyfollowingotherdogsintothewater.A.Sokeepyourdogfromplayingfetchwithsticks.B.That'sbecausetheyhaveheavybodies,shortlegsorshortnoses.C.Swimminginapoolisjustapieceofcakeforthesedogs.D.Mostdogsneedtobetaughthowtoswim.E.Theycanevenkillthepetswhilemanypetownersaren'tawareofthem.F.Chattoyourvetabouttherighttypeofbonesforyourdog.G.Andthepiecescancutthemouthorthroat.四、TheWaystoBuildResilience(適應(yīng)力)Beingresilientisn'taboutavoidingmisfortune,butratherhowwerespondtoit.Resiliencemeansdoingwellinthefaceofrisksordifficulties.①_____.Beingresilientcanhelpyoumanagestress,loweryourchancesofdepression,andhasevenbeenproventomakepeoplelivelonger.Tobuildresilience,theexpertssuggestthefollowing:Startwithreachingoutforsupport.Lackofsocialsupportcanleadtodecreasedresilience.Whileit'seasytoletgoofimportantrelationshipsinourbusylives,②_____.Goodrelationshipsareapillar(柱子)ofrockforresilienceandareasourceofsupportwhenthetimesgettough.Andcultivatingyoursenseofhumorisalsoaplus.③_____.Humorhelpsyoutogainperspectiveduringhardtimes.Italsoimprovesyoursenseofwell-beingthroughanincreaseindopamine(多巴胺)levelsinyourbrain,andcanultimatelyincreaseyouroverallhealth.④_____.Havinggoalsanddreamsincreasesresilience.Alackofpurposeandgoalsreducesresilienceandmayleaveyouopentobeingtakenadvantageofandmakingpoorlifechoices.Itreducesyoursenseofcontroloveryourlife,whichcaneasilyleadtodepressionandanxiety.Beapersonofaction.Beingidlecanleadtolessresilience,butbeingactiveandtacklingyourproblemshead-oncanpromoteyourabilitytodealwithtoughsituations.⑤_____.Instead,dosomethingaboutthesituation.A.FindyourpurposeinlifeB.itisvitaltomakeroomforthemC.itisexcitedtoembracetheunknownD.HardtimescallforlookingatthebrightsideE.ItisalsotheabilitytobouncebackfromtoughsituationsF.TrytoavoidthinkingdeeplyaboutnegativethoughtsorideasG.Askquestionsuntilyoufeellikeyouhaveafirmgraspofasituation五、Forpeoplewhoareplanningatrip,avisittoamuseummightnotbethefirstthingtheythinkof.Afterall,thereareplentyofwaystoappreciatetheworld'scivilization,gainexcitingexperiencesandspendqualitytimewithfamilyandfriends.①_____Museumsarewherepeoplelearnsomethingnew,ateveryage!Areyouinterestedinsomethingspecific?②____.There,youwillfindyourselfdrawninandinspired!Museumsareafantasticplacetolearnaboutaregion'shistory,scientificachievements,majorculturalevents,andofcourse,dinosaurs.Theyalsodesignexhibitionsrelatedtovisualarts,industrialinnovationsandanythingthatinspiresanindividualtolearnaboutthepastandcreatenewpathstothefuture.③_____Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartoftheeducationalexperiencewiththemainpurposetoexposechildrentoknowledgeofvariousfieldsandexpandtheirhorizons.Toachievethat,museumsareworkingtocreatemeaningfulandengagingactivities,interactiveandknowledge-based.Museumssupporttourism.Theyaretourismpromotersinsmalltownsandlargecities.Museumsaren'taburdenontaxrevenue(稅收)oraseparateconcernfromothercityprojects.④_____Statisticsshowthatmuseumssupportmorethan726,000jobsinAmerica.Museumsshapecommunities.Theyhaveactivitiesandexhibitionsthroughwhichvisitorscanlearnaboutlocalhistory.Museumsareplaceswhereasharedheritageiscelebratedandacollectiveidentityisformed.Theyprovideaninterestingpublicspacewherepeoplemeetandtalktoeachother.⑤_____A.Museumsbringoutthebestqualitiesinchildren.B.Museumsoftendeliverkids-centeredexhibitions.C.Instead,theygeneratefundingandfuelemployment.D.Then,visitalocalmuseumtolearnaboutthatsubject.E.Evenshoppingatthegiftshopthereisanopportunityforconnection.F.Onthecontrary,theyconsumeasmallpercentageofcityfundsannually.G.Thefact,however,isthatmuseumsoffermagicalbenefitsinmanyways.六、Manypeopletendtopeel(給……去皮)fruitandvegetableswhenpreparingthem.Butoften,it'snotnecessary.①_____What'smore,discarded(被丟棄的)fruitandvegetablepeelscauseclimatechange.Fruitandvegetablesarerichsourcesofvitamins,minerals,fiberandmanyphytochemicalsthatprotectyourcellsfromharm.②_____In2017,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)reportedthataround3.9milliondeathsayearworldwidewerelinkedtopeoplenoteatingenoughfruitandvegetables.Eating400goffruitandvegetablesaday,astheWHOrecommends,isdifficulttoachieveformanypeople.Socouldconsumingfruitandvegetablepeelshelpwiththisissuebyaddingimportantnutrientstopeople'sdiets?③_____Forexample,nutritionallyimportantamountsofvitamins,suchasvitaminC,andmineralslikeironandzinc,arefoundinthepeelofrootvegetableslikewildcarrots,sweetpotatoesandwhitepotatoes.AndtheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureshowsthatunpeeledapplescontain15%morevitaminCthantheirpeeledequivalents.④_____AccordingtotheU.N.'sFoodandAgricultureOrganization,uneatenfood,includingpeel,generates8%-10%oftheworld'sgreenhousegasemissions.NewZealandalonereportsanannualwastageof13,658tonsofvegetablepeelsand986tonsoffruitpeels.Giventhenutrientcontentofpeelanditscontributiontofoodwaste,whydopeoplepeelfruitandvegetables?Somemustbepeeledfordifferentreasons.Forexample,theirouterportionsareuneatable,don'ttastenice,arehardtocleanorcauseharm.Also,peelingmaybeanecessarypartoftherecipe,forexample,whenmakingmashedpotato(土豆泥).Areyoustillconfusedaboutwhethertopeelfruitandvegetables?⑤_____A.Theycancertainlycontribute.B.Thereareimportantnutrientsinthepeel.C.Sometimes,it'snecessarytopeelfruitandvegetables.D.Actually,ifmanypeelsareeatable,don'tpeelthemifunnecessary.E.Withalittlecreativity,youcanincreaseyourfruitandvegetableintake.F.Anotherreasonfornotdiscardingpeelsistheireffectontheenvironment.G.Notconsumingenoughofthesenutrient-richfoodsleadstoanincreasedriskofdeadlydiseases.七、Artexplorationisnotonlyfunandentertaining,butalsoeducational.Itallowstheyouthtopracticeawiderangeofskillsthatareusefulnotonlyforlife,butalsoforlearning.Herearesometipsforgrowingyourup-and-comingartist.Talkwithyourchildabouttheirwork.①_____.Whenweask"Whatisit?",wearesayingthatitshouldlooklikesomethingwerecognize.Instead,askopen-endedquestionslike"Tellmeaboutyourpicture."Youcanalsodescribespecificthingsyourchildisdoingbysayingthingssuchas,"You'remakingshortlines.Iseeyouareusingred,greenandblue."Dowhatyourchilddoes.Insteadofdrawingyourownpicture,sitdownwithyourchildanddotheiractions.②_____.Ifyourchildconcentratesonwhatyouaredrawingorhow"good"yourpictureis,theyarelesslikelytobeimaginativeandcreativeontheirown.③_____.Insteadofsittingdownwithaspecificplanoroutcomeinmind,letyourchildexplore,experimentandusetheirimagination.Theymightmakeabigmessorchangetheirmindseveraltimes—thisisallpartofthecreativeprocess.Supportbutdon'tlead.Haveyouevernoticedthatactivitiesbecomemuchlessfunwhentheyaretoldbysomeoneelse?④_____.Soletthemdecidewhatmaterialstheywanttouseandhowandwhentousethem.Maybetheywanttopeel(剝)thepaperoffacrayonanduseitlengthwiseonthepaper,insteadofdrawingwiththetip.Getyourchildcreatingandlearning.⑤_____.A.ItisthesamecasewithkidsB.Keeptheprocessopen-endedC.Don'tshifttheirfocusontotheirdrawingsD.It'softenhardtointerpretachild'sdrawingsE.Focusontheproduct,notthecomplexprocessF.Allyou'llneedisapaintbrushandanopenmindG.Makebigorsmalllines,orpracticedrawingcircles八、Doyoulikecilantro(香菜)?Cilantroisacommonfoodthatpeopletendtoeitheradoreorabuse.①____________Butthereasonsbehindwhatyoulikeanddon'tlikearenotalwayssostraightforward.②____________Yoursenseofsmellallowsyoutodistinguishbetweensomethinglikestrawberryandcherry.Scientistslookedatolfactory(receptorsanddiscoveredthatindividualswithacertaingene.OR6A2,aremoresensitivetosmellingcilantro.That,inturn,affectshowpeoplesenseitsflavor.③____________Whenyou'reopentothesefoods,youlearntolikewhatyoueat.Evenpeoplewhohatecilantromaybeabletolearntoatleasttolerateit,ifnotlikeit.Cultureplaysabigroleinwhatyoulike,too.Foodpreferencesvaryacrosscultures.Whenitcomesdowntofoodpreferencesindifferentpartsoftheworld,ithasalottodowithwhat'savailableandconsideredafoodstaple(主食).④____________Buttherewillalwaysbeexceptions-aGreekpersonwhocan'tstandolivesoraDutchpersonwhohatescheese.Whilepreferencescanbeformedafterafewattempts,negativeexperienceswithfoods,especiallywhenyou'reyoung,canhavealastingeffect.⑤____________JasmineRobinson,29,fromAthens,sharedherstoryaboutolives.Whenshewasyoung,anotherchild,whowouldn'tletherhaveaturnonaswing,madefunofherwhileeatingolivesfromajarandbeingmean.Shelatertriedolivesasanadultbutfailed.A.Welikesweetandhatebitter.B.Loveitorhateitisprettyclear.C.Butyourbiologyisnoteverything.D.Itisrelatedtofamiliarityandnotbiology.E.Yourpreferencecancomedowntogenetics.F.Associationscanmakeyoulikeornotlikesomething.G.Justonebadexperiencecanturnyouofffromsomethingforlife.

答案以及解析1.答案：BDCEG解析：①空前提出了戶外工作帶來(lái)的好處，空后說(shuō)明還有更多的好處。由此可知，B項(xiàng)(這只是開(kāi)始)能夠承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。②空前Plantingseeds...provideawhole-body，moderate-intensityworkout...especiallyforadults.指出了播種、拔草、移動(dòng)花盆、推動(dòng)割草機(jī)等尤其可以為成年人提供全身的、中等強(qiáng)度的鍛煉，空后whichmightkeepyouinmotionlongerthantraditionalexercise指出這可能比傳統(tǒng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)使你保持運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。由此可知，D項(xiàng)(甚至更好的是，無(wú)論你的年齡大小，這都是一個(gè)有益的活動(dòng))表示遞進(jìn)，承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。③本段內(nèi)容提到土壤里含有有益的細(xì)菌，因此園藝工作可以增強(qiáng)你的免疫系統(tǒng)，幫助你減少生病和更容易抵抗感染。由此可知，本段主要介紹做園藝工作能增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)，且immunesystem為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。④根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，播種和培育種子能幫助宇航員提升情緒，減緩壓力。E項(xiàng)(做與植物相關(guān)的工作可以減緩壓力，提供積極的感官刺激)與下文銜接自然，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。⑤空后提出園藝工作能提高身體的協(xié)調(diào)性和力量，G項(xiàng)(做園藝是一個(gè)提高和保持那些極好的運(yùn)動(dòng)技能和肌肉的好方法)與下文銜接自然，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。2.答案：DABCF解析：①根據(jù)本部分小標(biāo)題和下文的thantraditionalsoil-basedgardens以及Butthebasisofhydroponicsisrootedingrowingthefoodinnutrient-enrichedwater.可知,本句是在解釋說(shuō)明水培花園到底是什么。故D項(xiàng)(水培花園使用水而不是土壤)符合語(yǔ)境。②根據(jù)下文Butthebasisofhydroponicsisrootedingrowingthefoodinnutrient-enrichedwater.可知，水培法的基礎(chǔ)是在營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富的水中種植作物。再根據(jù)其中的But和上文的traditionalsoil-basedgardens可知，設(shè)空處與下一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，即植物一般生長(zhǎng)在土壤中，從土壤中獲取養(yǎng)分。故A項(xiàng)(一般來(lái)說(shuō)，植物從土壤中獲取養(yǎng)分)符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。③根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，可以用水培法種植的蔬菜有生菜等綠葉蔬菜，且更復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)可以生產(chǎn)出果菜類蔬菜，如西紅柿、黃瓜、辣椒等。由此可知，設(shè)空處主要說(shuō)明用水培法可以種植哪些蔬菜，故B項(xiàng)(水培花園能提供什么農(nóng)作物?)符合語(yǔ)境，且B項(xiàng)與本段小標(biāo)題相呼應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。④設(shè)空處為本段小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)起到統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全段的作用。根據(jù)本段中的hydroponicgardeningcancontributetosolvingsocialandenvironmentalissues以及Hydroponicplantscangrow40%to50%fasterandproduce30%morethantheplantsgrowinginsoil.可知，本段主要介紹了水培花園的好處。故C項(xiàng)(水培花園的好處是什么?)符合語(yǔ)境，可以作為本段的小標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。⑤根據(jù)空前一句可知，水培作物生長(zhǎng)速度更快。故F項(xiàng)(你可以在更短的時(shí)間內(nèi)種植更多的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品)承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。3.答案：①-⑤EGFBD解析：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了在生活中常見(jiàn)的幾種寵物主人有可能會(huì)意識(shí)不到的容易傷害寵物的行為。①上文"buttherearesomesimplethingsthatcanbeharmfultoourpets(但是有一些簡(jiǎn)單的事情會(huì)對(duì)寵物有害)"引出話題，總述有一些簡(jiǎn)單的事情會(huì)對(duì)寵物造成傷害。下文這三段則分別講述了三件容易傷害寵物的事情，因此文章是總分結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處位于第一段，是一個(gè)總體的描述，沒(méi)有提到具體的事情。選項(xiàng)E"它們甚至可以殺死這些寵物而許多寵物主人并沒(méi)有意識(shí)到這些事的危險(xiǎn)性"符合題意，此處they承接上一句指代somesimplethings。故選E。②根據(jù)上文"Stickscaneasilybreak(棍子很容易折斷)"和下文"Astickcanalsogothroughadog'sthroatandgetstuckthere(棍子也可能穿過(guò)狗的喉嚨并且卡在那)"中的also推知，空處句子也應(yīng)是關(guān)于折斷的棍子會(huì)對(duì)狗狗造成的傷害，G項(xiàng)"這些碎片會(huì)割破嘴或喉嚨"符合題意，故選G。③空處位于段末，應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文"Ifyouchoosetofeedyourdogbones,onlyfeedrawbonesandalwaysundercontrol(如果你選擇喂你的狗骨頭，只能喂生骨頭并且要總是能確保不會(huì)失控)"推知，下文應(yīng)該提到關(guān)鍵詞bones，選項(xiàng)F"和你的獸醫(yī)談?wù)勥m合你的狗吃的骨頭類型"符合推測(cè)，且與上文承接自然，如果要給狗狗喂骨頭，應(yīng)該和獸醫(yī)談?wù)勥m合它的骨頭類型。故選F。④根據(jù)上文"Pugs,Frenchbulldogs,dachshundsandsimilarareoftenpoorswimmers(哈巴狗、法國(guó)斗牛犬、臘腸犬和類似的品種通常是不擅長(zhǎng)游泳的)"推知，空處指出它們不適合游泳的原因。選項(xiàng)B"那是因?yàn)樗鼈兊纳眢w很重，有短腿或短鼻子"符合題意。故選B。⑤本空為這一段的開(kāi)頭位置，下文"Todothis,getinthewaterwiththemandsupportthemunderthebodyuntiltheygetthehangofusingallfourlegstopushthemselvesforward(要做到這一點(diǎn)，你可以和它們一起下水，在下面支撐著它們的身體，直到它們能用這四條腿來(lái)推動(dòng)自己前進(jìn))"說(shuō)明如何教會(huì)狗游泳，因此空處所填內(nèi)容應(yīng)與教狗游泳有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)D"大多數(shù)狗都需要學(xué)會(huì)如何游泳"符合題意，開(kāi)啟下文，下文this指代教狗狗游泳。故選D。4.答案：EBDAF解析：①上文Resiliencemeansdoingwellinthefaceofrisksordifficulties.解釋了什么是適應(yīng)力，下文Beingresilientcanhelpyou...tomakepeoplelivelonger.介紹了有適應(yīng)力的好處。由此可知，設(shè)空處承接上文，應(yīng)繼續(xù)介紹什么是適應(yīng)力。E項(xiàng)(它也是從困境中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)的能力)符合語(yǔ)境，其中It代指上文提到的Resilience。故選E項(xiàng)。②根據(jù)上文Startwithreachingoutforsupport.Lackofsocialsupportcanleadtodecreasedresilience.可知，我們要尋求社會(huì)支持，缺少社會(huì)支持會(huì)導(dǎo)致適應(yīng)力減少。由此可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)表示尋求社會(huì)支持的重要性。B項(xiàng)(為它們騰出空間是至關(guān)重要的)符合語(yǔ)境，其中them指代上半句中的importantrelationships。③根據(jù)前后句內(nèi)容可知，設(shè)空處承上啟下，指出我們要在困難時(shí)期有幽默感。D項(xiàng)(困難時(shí)期需要看到令人高興的一面)符合語(yǔ)境，下文正好解釋了要這么做的原因，即在困難時(shí)期，幽默能幫助你獲得洞察力，提升幸福感，最終提高整體健康水平，且D項(xiàng)中的Hardtimes和下文hardtimes相呼應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。④此處是本段主題句。根據(jù)下文可知，本段主要介紹了生活中要有目標(biāo)。A項(xiàng)(找到你的生活目標(biāo))能概括本段內(nèi)容，且其中purpose為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。⑤下文Instead，dosomethingaboutthesituation.指出要做出一些事情來(lái)改變這種情況，根據(jù)Instead可知，上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。F項(xiàng)(盡量避免深入思考消極的想法或主意)符合語(yǔ)境，其中thinking與下文dosomething相呼應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)。5.答案：GDBCE解析：①上文提到人們?cè)诼眯兄杏泻芏噙x擇，博物館不是人們的首選地方，G項(xiàng)(然而，事實(shí)是博物館在許多方面提供了神奇的好處)中的however表明其實(shí)去博物館有好多益處，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，此處點(diǎn)明本文的主題，與下文銜接順暢。故選G項(xiàng)。②根據(jù)上文Museumsareplaceswhere...interestedinsomethingspecific?可知，人們可以去博物館觀看一些特別的東西;D項(xiàng)中的thatsubject對(duì)應(yīng)上文的somethingspecific，故選D項(xiàng)。③通讀本段可知，此處講的是博物館可以讓孩子們接受教育，學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)，B項(xiàng)(博物館經(jīng)常舉辦以兒童為中心的展覽)適合作本段小標(biāo)題，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。④上文提到博物館不是稅收的負(fù)擔(dān)，也不是一個(gè)與其他城市項(xiàng)目分開(kāi)的問(wèn)題。C項(xiàng)(相反，它們產(chǎn)生資金和刺激就業(yè))與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，語(yǔ)義連貫，且下文Statisticsshowthatmuseumssupportmorethan726，000jobsinAmerica.具體解釋了博物館創(chuàng)造工作機(jī)會(huì)的功能，上下文銜接順暢。故選C項(xiàng)。⑤上文涉及了博物館塑造社區(qū)的功能，博物館作為一個(gè)公共空間，人們可以在此相遇并相互交流，E項(xiàng)(甚至是在那里的禮品店購(gòu)物，也有機(jī)會(huì)建立聯(lián)系)與上文內(nèi)容銜接緊密。故選E項(xiàng)。6.答案：BGAFD解析：①上文內(nèi)容說(shuō)明沒(méi)有必要給蔬果削皮，下文說(shuō)明被丟棄的蔬果皮會(huì)導(dǎo)致氣候變化，因此設(shè)空處是對(duì)上文提出的論點(diǎn)的解釋說(shuō)明，用于解釋沒(méi)有必要給水果削皮的原因，并引起下文。B項(xiàng)(果皮里面含有重要的營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分)銜接恰當(dāng)。故選B項(xiàng)。②根據(jù)下文around3.9milliondeathsayearworldwidewerelinkedtopeoplenoteatingenoughfruitandvegetables可知，此處講的是對(duì)蔬果攝入不足會(huì)導(dǎo)致健康問(wèn)題，G項(xiàng)(對(duì)這些營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富的食物攝入不足會(huì)導(dǎo)致患致命疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加)引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。③上文提出了問(wèn)題，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該回答問(wèn)題。根據(jù)下文的例子可知，蔬菜和水果的皮中含有豐富的營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分，所以此處應(yīng)為肯定回答，A項(xiàng)(他們肯定有作用)承上啟下，并且A項(xiàng)中的They指代上文的fruitandvegetablepeels。故選A項(xiàng)。④根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講的是廢棄果皮會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)不利，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)(不要扔果皮的另一個(gè)原因是它們對(duì)環(huán)境的影響)引起下文。故選F項(xiàng)。⑤根據(jù)上文可知，果皮富含營(yíng)養(yǎng)，且扔掉果皮會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成危害，再根據(jù)空前的Areyoustillconfusedaboutwhethertopeelfruitandvegetables?可知，作者呼吁讀者盡量不要