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專題07:閱讀理解說(shuō)明文和應(yīng)用文26篇(3年真題+各區(qū)名校模擬)2023年廣州中考英語(yǔ)沖刺專題訓(xùn)練(解析版)(2022·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)Whenyouandyourfriendsturntoeachothertotalkaboutproblemsortroubles,yougiveeachotheradviceandhelp.Oneimportantthingofourgrowthistomakedecisionstohelpourfriendsandlearntosupporteachother.Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways.Thefirststeptowardhelpingothersistoidentifythattheyneedhelp.Weallknowthatdifficultiesarepartofourdailylives.However,sometimessmallthingscanleadtomoreseriousproblemsthatrequiremorehelp.It’simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell.Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife.Whenwecommunicatewithothers,weneedtolearnwhentospeakandwhennotto.Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives.Listeningandpayingattentiontootherswhentheyspeakisasignofrespectandaskillthatwillleadtodeeperandbetterrelationships.1.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Todiscusswhypeoplehelpeachother. B.Todescribetheproblemsofgivinghelp.C.Tointroducetheadvantagesofgivinghelp. D.Toexplainhowwecanhelpothersproperly.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“identify”inparagraph2mean?A.Require. B.Discover. C.Suggest. D.Remember.3.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Actasagoodlistenertoyourfriends. B.Learnhowtogiveadvicetoyourfriends.C.Payattentiontoyourfriends’unusualacts. D.Buildgoodrelationshipswithyourfriends.4.Accordingtothewriter,whatshouldyoudoifyourfriendsdon’tfollowyouradviceontheirseriousproblems?A.Keeptheirproblemsassecrets. B.Letthemmaketheirowndecisions.C.Findoutthecausesoftheirproblems. D.Gethelpfromtheirtrustedteachers.【答案】1.D

2.B

3.A

4.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述用正確的方式幫助朋友的建議。1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways”可知,文章主要為了講述幫助朋友意味著什么,怎樣以正確的方式幫助朋友。故選D。2.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“It’simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell”可知,確認(rèn)什么時(shí)候幫助朋友是重要的,“identify”表達(dá)“識(shí)別,確認(rèn)”,相當(dāng)于“discover”。故選B。3.段落大意題。根據(jù)“Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife”可知,第三段講述幫助朋友接下來(lái)的一步是做一個(gè)好的聆聽(tīng)者。故選A。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives”可知,如果在很嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題上朋友不聽(tīng)取你的建議,你應(yīng)該努力弄懂朋友的感受和經(jīng)歷,努力從他們的角度看問(wèn)題??芍枰宄?wèn)題的原因。故選C。2.(2022·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)Imagineyouareinanewcity.Youasksomeonehowtogettoabookstore.Theytellyoutogostraight,turnleft,andyouwillfinditonyourleft.Infact,youcanalsofindyourwaywithaphone.Nowimagineyouareinanoutdoorgame.Youonlyhaveamapandacompass,andinsteadofrunningdownacityroad,youmayneedtorunaroundinthewoods,climboverrocksandgoupanddownhills.Welcometoorienteering!Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations.Thesestationsarecalledcontrols.Aspecialflag,usuallyinbrightcolours,markseachcontrol.Controlsarenoteasytofind.Theymaybeinfrontofabigrockorbehindatree.Inmostofthegames,you’llhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder,butinsomegamesyoucanchangetheorder.Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways(SeeFigure1).Thecardsareveryimportantbecauseplayersmustfindallthecontrolstowin.Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon’thavethatmarkontheircards.Theymightcrossthefinishlinefirst,butthenextpersontofinishwithafullcardwillwinthegame.Figure1Whatwillplayerscarryinthegame?A.Amap,acompassandaflag. B.Aflag,acompassandacard.C.Acompass,amapandacard. D.Aphone,acompassandamap.6.Whichofthefollowingisaruleofthegame?A.Youdon’tneedtomarkthecards.B.Youcan’tmissanyofthecontrolstowin.C.Youhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder.D.Youmustbethefirsttopassthefinishlinetowin.7.HowmanycontrolshasAnnafinishedinthegame?A.9. B.10. C.11. D.12.【答案】5.C

6.B

7.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述定向運(yùn)動(dòng)游戲的具體操作說(shuō)明。5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations”及“Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways”可知,在游戲中,需要攜帶一張地圖,一個(gè)指南針和一張卡片。故選C。6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon’thavethatmarkontheircard”,可知如果錯(cuò)過(guò)了一個(gè)控制點(diǎn),就不會(huì)在卡片上得到那個(gè)得分,可知不能錯(cuò)過(guò)贏的任何控制點(diǎn)。故選B。7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格的控制點(diǎn)有1到5,7到9,以及11到12,可知共完成10個(gè)控制點(diǎn)。故選B。3.(2021·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)

Thetop-sellingalbum(唱片),SongsoftheHumpbackWhale,wasmadepublicin1970.Thiscollectionofnaturerecordingschangedthewaymanypeoplethoughtaboutwhales,andithelpedsavethousandsofwhales’lives.ThealbummightneverhavebeenmadewithoutasoundengineernamedFrankWatlington.Inthe1960s,Watlingtonwasmakingunderwaterrecordingswhenhenoticedsomestrange,deepsounds.Herealizedtheywerecomingfromwhales.WatlingtonplayedtherecordingsforapairofscientistsnamedRogerandKatyPayne.Whentheylistened,theyfellinlovewiththesebeautifulvoicesatonce.KatyPaynestudiedmusicaswellasanimals,andshewasgreatlysurprisedbyhowthewhalescommunicatedusingsoundslikeanopera(歌劇)singer.Shealsonoticedanotherinterestingfact:thesoundshadclearpatterns.Accordingtoscientists,ananimalsoundwitharepeatingpatterniscalledasong.Somescientistsevencomparedthesesinginganimalstomusicians.ThePaynesthoughtthatotherpeopleshouldalsohearthebeautyofthewhales’songs.SoRogermadetherecordingsintoanalbum.Atthetimewhenthealbumcameout,whaleswereoftencaught,killedandtradedformoney.Somekindswereevenindangerofdyingout.Mostpeoplehadneverthoughtthatwhalescouldcommunicatethroughsongs.Butafterhearingthealbum,theybegantothinkdifferently.Thealbumledpeopletotakeactiontosavewhales.Musiciansbeganusingwhalesongsintheirmusic,andwhaleswereincludedinmoviesandtelevisionshows.In1982,abantostopdeep-seawhalingwasmade.Beforeit,inthe1950sand1960s,morethanfiftythousandwhalesperyearwerekilled.Afterit,thenumberwentdownbelowtwothousand.Itmightseemimpossiblethatjustonealbumcouldhelpsavethelivesofsomanywhales.Butthisalbumtoldpeoplesecretsaboutwhalesthathadlongbeenhiddenunderthesea.Itallowedwhalestofinallysharetheirsongswiththehumanworld.8.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tocallonpeopletosavewhales.B.Totellhowagoodalbumwasmade.C.Toshowthatwhalesarebornsingers.D.Tointroduceanalbumanditsstories.9.Whofirstfoundthespecialvoicesofthewhales?A.Asongrecorder. B.Anoperasinger. C.Asoundengineer. D.Ananimalscientist.10.WhatfactaboutthewhalessurprisedKatyPayne?A.Theycouldtalkwithscientists.B.Theycouldsinglikeanoperasinger.C.Theycouldrepeatinterestingsounds.D.Theycouldcommunicatethroughsongs.11.Whichisoneofthevaluesofthealbum?A.Itsuccessfullystoppeddeep-seawhaling.B.Ithelpedpeopleunderstandwhalesbetter.C.Itmadesomemusicandmoviestarspopular.D.Itencouragedmusicianstoworkwithscientists.【答案】8.D

9.C

10.D

11.A【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了一張?zhí)厥獾膶]嫵?。這張唱片拯救了許多鯨魚(yú)的生命。8.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了一張?zhí)厥獾膶]嫵?。這張唱片拯救了許多鯨魚(yú)的生命。故選D。9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“ThealbummightneverhavebeenmadewithoutasoundengineernamedFrankWatlington”可知,是一位音響師首先發(fā)現(xiàn)了鯨魚(yú)的特別聲音。故選C。10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“KatyPaynestudiedmusicaswellasanimals,andshewasgreatlysurprisedbyhowthewhalescommunicatedusingsoundslikeanopera(歌劇)singer”可知,KatyPayne對(duì)鯨魚(yú)用歌聲進(jìn)行交流感到很驚訝。故選D。11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“Thealbumledpeopletotakeactiontosavewhales…In1982,abantostopdeep-seawhalingwasmade”這張唱片讓人們開(kāi)始采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)鯨魚(yú),并促成了深海捕鯨的禁令。故選A。4.(2021·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)LookingattheundonehomeworkonhisdeskalwaysmakesDavidGreyfeeluncomfortable.Moreoftenthannot,DavidleaveshishomeworkbehindandsurfstheInternetorwatchesTVinstead,waitinguntilthelastminute.“Butthelonger1wait,”saysDavid,aged15,“themoreIworry.”Everyoneprocrastinates(拖延)becausetheywanttofeelgoodnow.Thewaytodothatistoavoidthetask.Youcanprocrastinateonnearlyanything,evenenjoyabletaskssuchasplanningavacation.“Somepeopleprocrastinatecleaning.Somepeopleprocrastinatebycleaning,”saysProfessorPeterStone.Researchhasshownthatthetoptasksyoungpeopleprocrastinatearestudyingandgoingtobed.“Onebigcauseforprocrastinationisthatpeopleareafraidoffailure,ofnotmeetingothers’expectations,”Stoneadds.Somepeoplebelievethatprocrastinationwillmakethemthrive.Butresearchersdisagree.“Ididastudyseveralyearsago,askingprocrastinatorstofinishataskinacertainperiodoftime,”saysStone.“Theydidworsethannon-procrastinators:theymademoremistakesandtheytooklonger.Buttheythoughttheydidbetter.”Nomatterwhatthecauseis,procrastinationisusuallynotgoingtobegoodforyou.Forexample,bedtimeprocrastinationcanleadtosleeplessness,whichinturncancausemanyotherhealthproblems.Forthosewhoneedsomedrivestostopprocrastinating,thebestadvicemightbetotakeactionfirst.Ifyou’vebeenprocrastinatingonformingahabitofexercise,justputonyourwalkingshoes.Alittlebitofprogresswillgetyoumoving.Next,findsomethingtohelpyouremembertotakeaction.Ifyouwanttogotobedat10:30pm,youmightsetatimeddimmerswitch(漸暗開(kāi)關(guān))at10pm.Whenthelightsaredimmer,you’llstartgoingtobed.Itworksformostpeople.Finally,rewardyourselfeverytimeyoumakeprogress.Forexample,afteryou’verun3km,enjoyyourfavouriteice-cream.Butbecareful:itwon’tworktheotherwayaround.12.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.Adayofaprocrastinator B.Procrastination:yesorno?C.Saygoodbyetoprocrastination D.Wanttofeelgoodnow?Procrastinate!13.Whatisthemainreasonforpeople’sprocrastination?A.Theywanttoavoiddoinghardwork. B.Theyfeartoloseandletothersdown.C.Theyneedtofinishthetoptasksfirst. D.Theyplantodotheenjoyabletaskslast.14.Theunderlinedword“thrive”inparagraph3mostprobablymeans________.A.thinkfaster B.workmoresuccessfullyC.giveupmoreeasily D.worrytoomuch15.WhatshouldDaviddoifhewantstostopprocrastinatingonawritingtask?A.Putonsomesoftmusictohelpthinkactively.B.Enjoyafavouriteice-cream,andthenstartwriting.C.SearchtheInternetforenoughideasbeforestarting.D.Pickupapenandwritedownpossiblestartingsentences.【答案】12.C

13.B

14.B

15.B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文,文章主要講述的是拖延的問(wèn)題,講述停止拖延的一些舉措。12.標(biāo)題概括題。根據(jù)“Forthosewhoneedsomedrivestostopprocrastinating,thebestadvicemightbetotakeactionfirst”可知文章主要講述的是拖延的問(wèn)題,講述停止拖延的一些舉措。C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)拖延說(shuō)不”符合。故選C。13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Onebigcauseforprocrastinationisthatpeopleareafraidoffailure,ofnotmeetingothers’expectations”拖延的最主要的原因是人們害怕失敗,不能滿足別人的期望。故選B。14.詞義理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Butresearchersdisagree”和“Theydidworsethannon-procrastinators:theymademoremistakesandtheytooklonger.Buttheythoughttheydidbetter”他們做得比不拖延的人更差,他們有更多的錯(cuò)誤,花的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng),但是他們以為他們做得更好。研究人員不贊成他們這樣的想法??芍?/p>

procrastinationwillmakethem

thrive”表示“拖延會(huì)讓他們成功”。B選項(xiàng)“workmoresuccessfully”符合。故選B。15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“rewardyourselfeverytimeyoumakeprogress.Forexample,afteryou’verun3km,enjoyyourfavouriteice-cream”每次取得進(jìn)步獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己,比如跑了三公里,吃自己最愛(ài)的冰淇淋??芍笮l(wèi)如果想停止寫作任務(wù)的拖延,可以享受最愛(ài)的冰淇淋然后開(kāi)始寫作。故選B。5.(2020·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)FiveinterestingsportsOurmostunusualsportsfromaroundtheworldEverycountryhasanationalsportandsomepopularsportsarenowplayedacrosstheworld,However,inmostcountries,peoplealsoplayunusualsports,withstrangeorinterestingrules.Hereareourtopfiveunusualsportsfromaroundtheplanet.Manvs.HorseMarathonThisracetakesplaceinasmalltowninWales,about200milesfromLondon.It’scalledamarathon(馬拉松),butit'sactually35.4km,not42.2kmlikeausualmarathon.Peopleraceagainsthorsesacrossthehillsandmountains.Itstartedin1981,butahumandidnotwinuntil2004.CamelWrestlingInTurkey,camel(駱駝)wrestlingisaveryoldsport.Thelargestcamelwrestlingcompetitiontakesplaceeveryyearandthousandsofpeoplecome.Inthesport,twocamelsfightagainsteachother.Sometimesthecamelsdonotwanttofightandtheyrunthroughthecrowds,whichcanbedangerous.DragonBoatRacingEveryyearinChina,thousandsofpeoplewatchdragonboatraces.AdragonboatisatraditionalChineseboatwithapainteddragon'sheadononeend.Therecanbeupto36peopleormoreracingineachboatinthewater.DragonboatracingisalsopopularinsomeotherAsiancountries.CaberTossInthissport,playerscompetetothrowalargepieceofwoodcalledacaberasfarastheycan.Thereisnoruleaboutthesizeofthecaber,butit’susuallythesizeofasmalltree.It’sanancientScottishsport.VisitorstotheUKcancheckitout.ChessBoxingAgoodchessboxerneedstobebothstrongandsmart.Playersplayaroundofchess,followedbyaroundofboxing.Thereareelevenroundsintotal.Chessboxingwasinventedin1992byanEnglishcomicbookwriter.ThesportismorepopularinEnglandandGermany.16.WhatcanwelearnaboutManvs.HorseMarathon?A.itisanoutdoorsport. B.Itfirstappeared16yearsago.C.Nohumanhaseverwonthegame. D.Itfollowstherulesofausualmarathon.17.WhichofthefollowingismentionedaboutCamelWrestling?A.Itshouldbestopped. B.It’sworthseeing.C.Itsunfairtotheanimals. D.It’ssometimesdangeroustowatch.18.WhichpicturebestdescribesCaberToss?A. B. C. D.19.WhichsportispopularinAsia?A.Manvs.HorseMarathon. B.DragonBoatRacing.C.CaberToss. D.ChessBoxing.20.Howmanysportshaveanimalsasplayers?A.1 B.2. C.3. D.4.【答案】16.A

17.D

18.C

19.B

20.B【分析】文章大意:本文介紹了來(lái)自世界各地的五項(xiàng)有趣的運(yùn)動(dòng):人和馬的馬拉松比賽、駱駝摔跤、賽龍舟、拋竿賽、國(guó)際象棋拳擊。16.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Manvs.HorseMarathon中的信息Peopleraceagainsthorsesacrossthehillsandmountains.人們和馬比賽穿越山丘和山脈。可知人和馬的馬拉松比賽是一項(xiàng)戶外運(yùn)動(dòng),故答案選A。17.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CamelWrestling中的信息Sometimesthecamelsdonotwanttofightandtheyrunthroughthecrowds,whichcanbedangerous.有時(shí)駱駝不想打架,它們會(huì)在人群中奔跑,這是很危險(xiǎn)的??芍袝r(shí)觀看駱駝摔跤是很危險(xiǎn)的,故答案選D。18.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CaberToss中的信息Inthissport,playerscompetetothrowalargepieceofwoodcalledacaberasfarastheycan.Thereisnoruleaboutthesizeofthecaber,butit’susuallythesizeofasmalltree.在這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中,選手們要比賽把一大塊叫做“木棒”的木頭扔到盡可能遠(yuǎn)的地方。沒(méi)有關(guān)于木柱大小的規(guī)定,但通常是一棵小樹(shù)的大小。結(jié)合選項(xiàng),可知C選項(xiàng)符合題意,故答案選C。19.推理判斷題。根據(jù)DragonBoatRacing中的信息EveryyearinChina,thousandsofpeoplewatchdragonboatraces.在中國(guó),每年都有成千上萬(wàn)的人觀看龍舟比賽。中國(guó)是亞洲的一個(gè)國(guó)家,可知賽龍舟在亞洲流行,故答案選B。20.理解歸納題。根據(jù)Manvs.HorseMarathon中的信息Peopleraceagainsthorsesacrossthehillsandmountains.人們和馬比賽穿越山丘和山脈。以及CamelWrestling中的信息Inthesport,twocamelsfightagainsteachother.在這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中,兩只駱駝互相搏斗??芍袃身?xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中有動(dòng)物作為運(yùn)動(dòng)員,故答案選B。6.(2020·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)Whatwillastronauts(宇航員)eatwhenaspacetriptakesyears?“Lotsoffreshvegetables,”saysDr.JanetWilliams,whoseteamhavespentthelast10yearslearninghowtogrowplantsinaspacestation.Andit’sagoodthingthatshehasalreadystartedherwork,becausespacegardeningcanbereallyhard.Asusual,astronautGeorgeWhitelookedintotheclosedplantroom.HehadplantedDr.Williams’squick-growingseedlingsinit,butnoneofthestemswereshowing.Heopenedtheroomtocheckandfoundtheproblem.Thestemsweren’tgrowingupwardandtherootsweren'tgrowingdownward.OnEarth,gravity(重力)helpsaplant’sstemsandrootstofind“up”and“down”.However,inthespacestation,therewasalmostnogravity.Dr.Williamssuggestedasolution:givetheplantsmorelight,asplantsalsousesunlighttofindtheirway.Anditworked.Whentheplantshadmorelight,thestemsturnedupandtherootswentdown.NowDr.Williamswasfreetoworryaboutthenextproblem:Wouldherbabyplantslivetoflower?Canwegrowfoodonaspacejourney?Manyplantsdiedinthespacestation.Dr.Williamsthoughtsheknewwhy:thespaceplantswerehungryforair.PlantslivebytakingupCO2fromtheair.Sinceaplantusesitupintheairaround,theplantneedsmovingairtobringmoreCO2closetoitssurface!OnEarth,theairisalwaysmoving.Gravitypullsdowncoldair,andwarmairrises.Andwiththeseairmovements,plantsgetenoughCO2.Manyearlierexperimentswithplantsinspacehadusedclosedrooms.Dr.Williamstriedanewgreenhousethathadafantokeeptheairmove.Theplantslovedit.Theyfloweredandevenproducedmoreseeds.UsingDr.Williams'smethod,astronautGeorgecompletedthefirstseed-to-seedexperimentinspace,andmovedoneplantclosertoagardeninspace.“Andthis,”saysDr.Williams,“isgoodnewsforlong-termspacetravel.”21.WhyhaveDr.Williams’steamtriedtogrowplantsinspace?A.Toproducefreshairforastronauts.B.Tohelpastronautsrelaxthemselves.C.Toprovidefoodforlongspacejourneys.D.Tomakethespacegardenmorebeautiful.22.HowdidlighthelpsolvetheproblemmentionedinParagraph3?A.Itcausedthegravitytochange.B.Itencouragedtheplantstogrowfaster.C.Ithelpedtheplantstogrowintherightdirection.D.Itshowedtheastronautswheretoplantvegetables.23.Whydidmanyplantsdieinthespacestation?A.Thelightwastoostrong.B.TherewastoomuchCO2.C.Therewasnotenoughroomtogrow.D.Theairconditionwasnotgoodenough.24.Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph7refersto________.A.themovingair B.theclosedroom C.thespacejourney D.thespacegarden25.WhatcanwelearnaboutDr.Williams’steamfromthepassage?A.Theymainlyliveonfreshvegetables.B.Theyhavesuccessfullybuiltaspacegarden.C.Theyinventedaspecialfanfortheirgreenhouse.D.Theyhaveworkedonspacegardeningformanyyears.【答案】21.C

22.C

23.D

24.A

25.D【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文,文章介紹威廉博士和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在太空中種植植物給太空旅行提供新鮮蔬菜的研究。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段和第二段“Whatwillastronautseatwhenaspacetriptakesyears?‘Lotsoffreshvegetables,’saysDr.JanetWilliams,whoseteamhavespentthelast10yearslearninghowtogrowplantsinaspacestation”可知是在太空種植植物是為了給太空旅行提供食物。故選C。22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“givetheplantsmorelight,asplantsalsousesunlighttofindtheirway.Anditworked.Whentheplantshadmorelight,thestemsturnedupandtherootswentdown”可知光線幫助植物按正確的方向生長(zhǎng)。故選C。23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“thespaceplantswerehungryforair”可知因?yàn)榭諝獠皇亲銐蚝?,所以很多植物在太空死去。故選D。24.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“keeptheairmove”可知此處it指的是移動(dòng)的空氣themovingair。故選A。25.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Manyearlierexperimentswithplantsinspacehadusedclosedrooms.Dr.Williamstriedanewgreenhousethathadafantokeeptheairmove.”可知太空種植的鉆研有很多年,故選D。7.(2022·廣東廣州·越秀區(qū)統(tǒng)考一模)“I’mbored!”issomethingparentsoftenhear,andtheyusuallyrespondbyorganizingsomeactivitiesfortheirkidstodo.Butisthatreallyhelpfultothem?Boredommeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeopleandsomemayarguethatboredommeansyouarenotspendingyourtimetakingpartinmeaningfulactivities.“Onlyboringpeoplegetbored!”someparentshavecried.Someofthemcangetsoworriedaboutthekidsbecomingupset,angryorfeelingleftout,sotheytryandschedulesomethingeveryday.Upuntilchildrenareintheirearlyteens,theyreallydon’tunderstandthemeaningoftime.Therefore,theydon’tknowhowtomanageit.Alotofkidstryveryhardorevenarguewiththeirparentstogetfreeplay,anditcouldbebecauseparentshavealwayscontrolledit,andalwaysfilledtimewithactivities,outingsorscreentime.Someparentsthinkthatitismoreimportanttoorganizeactivitiesandoutingseverydayandcreateschedulestomakelifeeasier.Everyhourofthedayshouldbeusedtokeepthelittlemindsactiveandhappy.However,itcanmakethechildrenthinkthattheyalwaysneedtobebusydoingsomething.Asaresult,often,whenlifegetsinthewayandsomethingdoesn’tgoaccordingtoplan,achildcaneasilybecomeannoyed,impatientandangrybecausetheydon’tknowwhattodowiththemselves.Theyhaven’thadachanceto“nothing”.Thiscausesstressonbothparentsandchildren.Parentsshouldn’tfeelliketheyhavetofilltheboredomwithsomethingusefuloreducational.Bygivingchildrentimetothinkandcreateandusetheirownimagination,parentsareallowingthekidstolearnskillsandqualitiessuchasself-belief,workinghard,self-confidence,playfulness,beingfocusedandusingtheirimaginationwithouttraining.26.Thewriterdevelopshisideaby________.A.tellingstories B.givingreasons C.listingnumbers D.makingcomparison27.Somechildrenaredyingtogetfreeplaybecause________.A.theirparentsalwaysrequirethemtodolotsofthingsB.theydon’tknowhowtomanagetheirsparetimeatallC.theywanttofilltheboredomwithmeaningfulactivitiesD.theirparentsbelievethateveryhourshouldbewellused28.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.GuardingagainstBoredomB.GettingawayfromBoredomC.BoredomBuildsupConfidenceD.NewUnderstandingofBoredom【答案】26.B

27.A

28.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了家長(zhǎng)們對(duì)于如何讓孩子不無(wú)聊的解決方案以及這些方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。最終給出了自己的建議,給孩子時(shí)間,讓他們自己思考,去創(chuàng)造學(xué)習(xí)一切技能和品質(zhì)。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Alotofkidstryveryhardorevenarguewiththeirparentstogetfreeplay,anditcouldbebecauseparentshavealwayscontrolledit,andalwaysfilledtimewithactivities,outingsorscreentime.”和“Theyhaven’thadachanceto“nothing”.Thiscausesstressonbothparentsandchildren.Parentsshouldn’tfeelliketheyhavetofilltheboredomwithsomethingusefuloreducational.”可知,作者通過(guò)列舉家長(zhǎng)給出的讓孩子們不無(wú)聊的方案的缺點(diǎn)來(lái)證明自己的觀點(diǎn),因此是在給出自己不同意這種方案的原因,故選B。27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Alotofkidstryveryhardorevenarguewiththeirparentstogetfreeplay,anditcouldbebecauseparentshavealwayscontrolledit,andalwaysfilledtimewithactivities,outingsorscreentime.”可知,很多孩子想要自由玩耍,是因?yàn)樗麄兊母改缚偸翘顫M了他們所有的時(shí)間,讓他們做很多事。故選A。28.最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Bygivingchildrentimetothinkandcreateandusetheir…focusedandusingtheirimaginationwithouttraining.”并結(jié)合全文可知。作者不認(rèn)同家長(zhǎng)們對(duì)于無(wú)聊這件事情的看法,認(rèn)為應(yīng)該給孩子們一些時(shí)間,讓他們來(lái)自己思考、學(xué)習(xí)。因此文章是在說(shuō)對(duì)于無(wú)聊這件事的一些新的理解。故選D。8.(2022·廣東廣州·荔灣區(qū)統(tǒng)考一模)Guangzhou,thecapitalofGuangdongprovince,isknownasthe“cityofflowers”.Locatedinasubtropicalzone,thecityhaslongsummersandwarmwinters,withevergreenlushtreesandgrass,andflowersinallseasons.TheGuangzhoupeoplehavealonghistoryofplantingflowers,appreciatingflowersandsendingflowersasgifts.OneparticularoccasionfallseveryyearduringtheSpringFestivalatthecity’sfamousspring-greetingflowermarkets.TheactofappreciatingtheChineseflowerstogetherbecomesasymboloffamilyget-togetherandservestoinspirehopefortheirwellbeingintheNewYear.Thousandsofpeoplegototheflowermarketswiththeirfamiliesorfriends,toadmireandbuyflowers.Movingalongwiththecrowdsinthestreets,theendlessbeautifulflowersandthesongsoftheChineseNewYearcreateacheerfulatmosphere.Inaword,itisfantasticforeverybody,fromlittlechildrentotheelderly.“Lastyear,IwenttoanearbyflowermarketwithmyfamilyaftertheSpringFestivalEvedinnerandboughtbunchesofcockscombflowers,”saidFengQiuping,aretiredwomanwhohasbeenlivinginGuangzhouformorethan30years.“ThefireredcolourmatchedthejoyofSpringFestival,”sheadded.Whenthecityslogan—“CelebrateSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,EnjoyBeautifulBlossomsinFlowerCity”—wasputforwardin2013,theactivitiescelebratingSpringFestivalinGuangzhouwereextendedtoaseriesofeventslastingfromthefirstdayofSpringFestivaltothe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth.Guangzhouhasbeenknownasthe“cityofflowers”sincetheMingDynasty(1368-1644)becausetherewereregularjasmineflowermarketssetatallthegatesofthecityduringdaytime.Nowadays,hundredsofflowersspeciesareplantedforresidentsandvisitors.Atotalof140flower-themedlandscapesweresetupinthecityrecently.Seasonalflowersbloomoneafteranother.Theofficialcityflower,redkapok,blossomsinMarch.Besidestheconstructionofflowerlandscapes,thecityhasplannedtoplantmoretreesandkeepeverypieceofgreen.“GuangzhouhasbeenundertakinggreatchangessinceImovedherein1980s,”saidFeng.“Thestreetsarecleaner,thewaterclearerandtheskyiscrystalblue.Irecommendmorepeopletocomehere,livehereandfindabeautifullifeforthemselves.”29.WhyisGuangzhouknownasthe“cityofflowers”?A.GuangzhouisthecapitalofGuangdongprovince.B.PeopleinGuangzhouknowhowtoplantflowerswell.C.ThecitysetregularflowermarketsatallgatesinMingDynasty.D.Itliesinasubtropicalzonewithlongsummersandwarmwinters.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A.Themovingcrowdinthestreet. B.Thestreetwithendlessflowers.C.ThesongoftheChineseNewYear. D.Theatmosphereinflowermarkets.31.Accordingtothearticle,weknowthatFengQiuping______.A.wasbornandgrewupinGuangzhouB.livedinthecityofGuangzhouwithoutfamilyC.visitedGuangzhouforatripinthe1980sD.hasexperiencedthedevelopmentofGuangzhou32.Thewriterwrotethisarticleinorderto______.A.introducethehistoryandthecustomsoftheflowermarketsB.showGuangzhoulivesuptoitsnameofthe“cityofflowers”C.a(chǎn)ttractmoreandmoreretiredworkerstomovetoGuangzhouD.reporthowfantastictheflowermarketswereinGuangzhou29.C

30.B

31.D

32.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了廣州被稱為“花都”這個(gè)名字的由來(lái),以及“花”對(duì)于廣州人民的意義。29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Guangzhouhasbeenknownasthe“cityofflowers”sincetheMingDynasty(1368-1644)becausetherewereregularjasmineflowermarketssetatallthegatesofthecityduringdaytime”可知,因?yàn)槊鞔?,這座城市在各個(gè)城門都有固定的花市,故選C。30.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Thousandsofpeoplegototheflowermarketswiththeirfamiliesorfriends,toadmireandbuyflowers.Movingalongwiththecrowdsinthestreets,theendlessbeautifulflowersandthesongsoftheChineseNewYearcreateacheerfulatmosphere.Inaword,itisfantasticforeverybody,fromlittlechildrentotheelderly”及前文的描述可知,本段主要講述人們?cè)诠?jié)日期間,對(duì)于花市的喜愛(ài),所以it是指代前文提到的“theendlessbeautifulflowers”,故選B。31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“GuangzhouhasbeenundertakinggreatchangessinceImovedherein1980s”可知,自從二十世紀(jì)八十年代就搬到了廣州,見(jiàn)證了廣州的變化,故選D。32.主旨大意題。本文從廣州“花都”這個(gè)名字的由來(lái)以及花在每個(gè)節(jié)日對(duì)于人們的意義來(lái)告訴讀者,廣州的“花都”這個(gè)名字是名副其實(shí)的,故選B。9.(202

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