福建省福州市部分學(xué)校教學(xué)聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2023~2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期福州市部分學(xué)校教學(xué)聯(lián)盟高一年級(jí)期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷溫馨提示：請(qǐng)將所有答案填寫(xiě)到答題卡的相應(yīng)位置上!請(qǐng)不要錯(cuò)位、越界答題!第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoesthemanplantogothisyear?A.Europe.B.Asia.C.SouthAmerica.2.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Cleanthefloor.B.SitinRow5.C.Dropglassbottles.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewantstogoswimming.B.Sheisbusywithherproject.C.Shewillhaveatesttomorrow.4.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Getasparekey.B.Borrowsomebooks.C.Helphisneighbor.5.HowmanypeoplewillvisitLondonforfree?A.2.B.3.C.4.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Attheman’shouse.B.Inashop.C.Inasupermarket.7.WhichpicturewaspaintedbyGeorgeAnderson?A.TheSwissMountains.B.TheLovelyWindows.C.TheSummerFlowers.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whydoesthemanfeelsorry?A.Hedidn’tkeepanappointment.B.Hecan’tlookafterhismother.C.Heistoobusytogotohospital.9.What’sthewoman’sattitudetowardtheman?A.Sorry.B.Understanding.C.Thankful.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheproblemwiththewoman’swatch?A.Itneedsanewbattery.B.Itisruinedbywater.C.Itneedscleaning.11.Whatdoesthestoreofferifonechangesabatterythere?A.Anextrabattery.B.Aone-yearguarantee.C.Freecleaningservice.12.Whycan’tthewomangetherwatchbackrightaway?A.Thestorewillclosesoon.B.Shehasn’tgotenoughmoney.C.Themanisverybusynow.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whomightthespeakersbe?A.Policeofficers.B.Doctors.C.Passengers.14.Whatdidtheoldladysay?A.Shedidn’tseeanything.B.Thetrafficlightsbrokedown.C.Theredcarwasdrivingveryfast.15.Whatwerethekidsdoingwhentheaccidenthappened?A.Crossingthestreet.B.Playingintheirfrontyard.C.Standingonthestreetcorner.16.WhatcausedtheaccidentaccordingtoMr.Bates?ATheredcar.B.Thedog.C.Thebluecar.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whendoesthevolleyballclubmeet?A.OnThursdayevening.B.OnSundaymorning.C.OnSundayevening.18.Atwhattimedoesthemeetingfinish?A.7:30.B.9:30.C.10:00.19.Whatisthe￡30usedfor?A.Heating.B.Hallrental.C.Sweaters.20.Whydoesthespeakerleavethismessage?A.Toarrangeaweeklymeeting.B.Torecommendasportsprogramme.C.ToanswerMarcoTaylor’squestions.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AThisIstheWayLearningCenterThestaff,parentsandchildrenenrolled(招收)atThisIstheWayLearningCenterareonebigfamily.Wetakethehealthandsafetyofourfamilyveryseriously.ThisIstheWayLearningCenteriscommittedtomaintainingasafeenvironmentforyourchildren.Wearefollowingallsafetyrules.Shouldyouhaveanyquestionsregardingtheprocessesinplacepleasecallourcenter.Wewillbehappytoansweryourquestions.ThisIstheWayLearningCentercaresforandeducateschildrenaged6weeksandup.Weareenrollingforallprograms(PreschoolandNurserySchool)inadditiontobasicchildcare.Therewillbenoenrollmentfeesandregistrationfees.Wearedevotedtothefutureofyourchildandcreatingalifetimeloveoflearningateveryageandstage.Whatcanbemorepreciousorimportantthantheearlydevelopmentalandlearningyearsofourchildren?ThisIstheWayLearningCenterislocatedacrossthestreetfromHenryBarnardSchoolat18ShakerRoad.Itisconvenientlylocatedjustminutesfrom91NorthandSouth,inthetownofEnfield.Hours:?6:30amthrough5:30pm?MondaythroughFriday?Closedonlyonmajorholidays.Ages:?Childrenthroughkindergarten?SchoolageFeatures:?All-day,all-yeardaycare?Homelikesetting?Age-appropriateplayareas?Child-friendlycurriculum?Computereducation?TrainedandexperiencedteachersYoumayemailusatrequests@orcallusat860-253-0010toaskyourquestionsandrequestafreebrochure.1.WhatisThisIstheWayLearningCenter?A.It’sabigfamily. B.It’satrainingcenter.C.It’sasafetycenter. D.It’salocalprogram.2.WhocanteachinThisistheWayLearningCenter?.A.Everyoneenrolledatit. B.Age-appropriatecoaches.C.Computereducationteachers. D.Trainedandexperiencedteachers.3.Forwhomisthistextprobablywritten?A.Parents. B.Visitors. C.Students. D.Professors.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一家向嬰幼兒及學(xué)齡期兒童開(kāi)放的培訓(xùn)中心。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThisIstheWayLearningCentercaresforandeducateschildrenaged6weeksandup.”（ThisIstheWayLearningCenter照顧并教育6周及以上年齡的孩子）可知，這是一個(gè)招收嬰幼兒的培訓(xùn)中心。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Features部分的“Trainedandexperiencedteachers”（訓(xùn)練有素、有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師）可知，在此教學(xué)的人應(yīng)該是受過(guò)訓(xùn)練且有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Wearedevotedtothefutureofyourchildandcreatingalifetimeloveoflearningateveryageandstage.”（我們致力于您孩子的未來(lái)，在不同年齡段和階段培養(yǎng)其對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)終身的熱愛(ài)。）可知，本文受眾群體應(yīng)是孩子家長(zhǎng)。故選A項(xiàng)。BParrotsarepreyanimals,whichmeansthatotherpredators(捕食者)inthewild,suchashawksorsnakes,arelookingtomakethemintoameal.Thisonefactorinfluencesparrots’behaviorinyourhousemorethananyother.Parrotsaremosteasilyhurtwhenfeedingontheground.Membershipinagroupplaysanimportantfunctioninensuringtheirsafetyandimprovingtheirchancesofsurvivalfromattacksbypredators.Themostcommonpredatorsofparrotsincludehawkssnakes,cats,monkeys,andbats.Somepredatorsmakeattacksonlyduringthedaywhileothershuntinthenight.Aspreyanimals,parrotsareconstantlywatchingoutfordangerandtheyinstinctively(本能地)reacttorisks.Theirfirstchoiceistotakeflight.However,ifthisisnotpossible,theywillfightwiththeirpowerfulbeakstodefendthemselves.Becausetheirbiggestenemyisthehawk,parrotsareespeciallyreactivetoquickmovementsfromaboveandbehind.Forthisreason,itiswisetoavoidquick,suddenmovementsnearyourbird.Thisisabuilt-inreactionnotsubjecttologicorreason.Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸塵器軟管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird’smind.Aspreyanimals,parrotsareoftenfrightenedbyexposuretonewhouseholditemsorstrangers.Itisimportanttoexposeyourbirdtosafeexperiencesandchangesstartingataveryyoungagetobuildflexibilityandimprovetheiradaptability.Varietyindietandtoys,travel,andexposuretonewpeopleandplacesallhelptomakeyourbirdmoreflexibleandadaptabletochange.4.Whatisimportantforparrotstobettersurvivefromattacksinthewild?A.Livinginagroup. B.Growingbeautifulfeathers.C.Feedingontheground. D.Avoidingcomingoutatnight.5.Whatisparrots’firstresponsetoanimmediaterisk?A.Toattackback. B.Togetaway.C.Toprotecttheyoung. D.Toplaydead.6.Whywouldaballoonfrightenaparrot?AItmayexplodesuddenly. B.Itmaybeinastrangeshape.C.Itmayhaveastrongcolor. D.Itmaymovearoundquickly.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toexplainwildparrots’behavior. B.Togiveadviceonraisingaparrot.C.Tocallforactiontoprotectanimals. D.Tointroduceastudyonbirdecology.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了鸚鵡作為被捕食動(dòng)物的行為特性和生存策略?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Membershipinagroupplaysanimportantfunctioninensuringtheirsafetyandimprovingtheirchancesofsurvivalfromattacksbypredators.(群體中的成員在確保其安全和提高其從捕食者襲擊中幸存下來(lái)的機(jī)會(huì)方面起著重要作用。)”可知，鸚鵡要想更好地在野外躲避攻擊，重要的是要進(jìn)行集體生活，故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Aspreyanimals,parrotsareconstantlywatchingoutfordangerandtheyinstinctively(本能地)reacttorisks.Theirfirstchoiceistotakeflight.(作為獵物，鸚鵡會(huì)時(shí)刻警惕危險(xiǎn)，并本能地對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)做出反應(yīng)。他們的第一反應(yīng)是飛走)”可知，鸚鵡對(duì)直接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的第一反應(yīng)是逃跑，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Becausetheirbiggestenemyisthehawk,parrotsareespeciallyreactivetoquickmovementsfromaboveandbehind.(因?yàn)樗鼈冏畲蟮臄橙耸曲?，鸚鵡對(duì)來(lái)自上方和后方的快速移動(dòng)特別敏感。)”和下文“Thisisabuilt-inreactionnotsubjecttologicorreason.Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸塵器軟管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird’smind.(這是一種不受邏輯或理性約束的內(nèi)在反應(yīng)。簡(jiǎn)單且相對(duì)無(wú)害的家居用品會(huì)引起鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的極度恐懼反應(yīng)。例如，在你的鳥(niǎo)心目中，氣球可能代表鷹，或者真空軟管可能與蛇相同)”可知，氣球能夠嚇到鸚鵡是因?yàn)闅馇蚩赡芤苿?dòng)速度快，讓使鸚鵡聯(lián)想到鷹，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Parrotsarepreyanimals,whichmeansthatotherpredators(捕食者)inthewild,suchashawksorsnakes,arelookingtomakethemintoameal.Thisonefactorinfluencesparrots’behaviorinyourhousemorethananyother.(鸚鵡是獵物，這意味著野生的其他捕食者，如鷹或蛇，正在尋找將它們作為食物。這一個(gè)因素比任何其他因素都更能影響鸚鵡在家里的行為)”、倒數(shù)第二段“Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸塵器軟管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird’smind.(簡(jiǎn)單且相對(duì)無(wú)害的家居用品會(huì)引起鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的極度恐懼反應(yīng)。例如，在你的鳥(niǎo)心目中，氣球可能代表鷹，或者真空軟管可能與蛇相同)”以及最后一段“Aspreyanimals,parrotsareoftenfrightenedbyexposuretonewhouseholditemsorstrangers.Itisimportanttoexposeyourbirdtosafeexperiencesandchangesstartingataveryyoungagetobuildflexibilityandimprovetheiradaptability.Varietyindietandtoys,travel,andexposuretonewpeopleandplacesallhelptomakeyourbirdmoreflexibleandadaptabletochange.(作為獵物，鸚鵡經(jīng)常被新的家庭用品或陌生人嚇到。從很小的時(shí)候就開(kāi)始讓你的鳥(niǎo)接觸安全的體驗(yàn)和變化，以建立靈活性并提高它們的適應(yīng)性，這一點(diǎn)很重要。飲食和玩具的多樣性、旅行以及接觸新的人和地方都有助于讓你的鳥(niǎo)更靈活，更適應(yīng)變化)”可知，本文的寫(xiě)作目的是對(duì)飼養(yǎng)鸚鵡提建議，故選B項(xiàng)。C“Beingasportsfanisaverypsychologicallyhealthyactivity,”saysDanielWarm,professoratMurrayStateUniversitywhoseresearchprogramcentersonthepsychologyofsportfandom(運(yùn)動(dòng)迷).Fandomconnectsustootherlike-mindedpeople,whichsatisfiesourhumanneedforbelonging,hesays.Theserelationshipsaresignificant:Peoplewhoidentifyassportsfanshavehigherlevelsofself-esteem,lowerlevelsoflonelinessandtendtobemoresatisfiedwiththeirlivescomparedtothosewhoaren’tinterestedinsports,Wannsays.Fanstendtohavemoreaccesstosocialsupport,helpandresourcesaswell.Researchsuggeststhatwhenpeoplehavesupportfromtheircommunities,theyhavebetterhealth.Beyondbonding,fansgettoenjoythepsychologicalbenefitsofwinning,eveniftheyhavenothingtodowiththeplayersorgames.Ofcourse,teamssometimeslose.Priortoasportingevent,there’satleasta50-50chancethatyou’regoingtobedisappointedinyouroutcome.So,whydopeoplecontinuetoputtheirfaithbehindteamsthattendtolose?Peoplewhofeelastrongpsychologicalconnectiontoateamaremorelikelytorootforateamwhenthey’rehavingalosingseason.“Sportsrandomhasnothingtodowiththeoutcomeofagame,”Warmsays.Forexample,ifapizzarestaurantcontinuallygotyourorderwrong,you’dlikelyswitchtoamorereliableparlor(店鋪).Butbecausebeingafanissocentraltopeople’sidentities,peoplearewillingtoacceptdefeatandcontinuetobeloyaltoateam.Beingpartofafancommunitycanalsohelppeoplecopewithlosses.A2019studyfoundthatwatchingafootballgamewithotherfanshelpstorelievethenegativepsychologicaleffectsoflosing.Forfansofthelosingteam,sharingthepainmayhaveprotectedthemfromlosingself-esteem.“Thereareotherthingsthatrandombringswithitaboveandbeyondtheabilitytoenjoytheteam’ssuccesses,”Warmsays.Watchingsportscanbeawaytorelievestress,orspendtimewithfamily,hesays.Tothatend,somesurveyssuggestthatactivitieslikeMarchMadnesspoolscanreduceproductivity.Anysortoffandomcanbedistracting,butWarmsaysthattalkingaboutsportsatworkandspendingtimewithpeoplewhoshareacommoninterestcanmakepeoplemoreexcitedtogotowork.However,ifyoufindyou’reconsumingsomuchsportscontentthatyourworkissuffering,orit’simpactingyourinterpersonalrelationships,thenitcanbeasignyoushouldtoneitdown,headds.8.Whatisthecharacteristicsportsfansgenerallybear?A.Highersenseofself-worth. B.Worsehealthconditions.C.Beingreadytohelpothers. D.Variousmeansofsupport.9.Whydofanscontinuetosupportteamsthattendtolose?A.Fansareforcedtobeloyaltoteams.B.Fansaregoodatsharingpainswithteams.C.Fansarebraveenoughtoacceptlosses.D.Fansownagreatsenseofidentityandbelonging.10.Whichistheeffectoftalkingaboutsportsatwork?A.Leadingtodistraction.B.Makingpeopletooexcitedtogotowork.C.Increasingpeople’sproductivity.D.Impactinginterpersonalrelationships.11.Whatisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Aposter. B.Atextbook.C.Asciencefiction. D.Amagazine.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。愛(ài)好體育是非常有益于心理健康的，而與不愛(ài)好體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的人相比，體育迷的自尊心更高，對(duì)生活滿意度更高?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Peoplewhoidentifyassportsfanshavehigherlevelsofself-esteem,lowerlevelsoflonelinessandtendtobemoresatisfiedwiththeirlivescomparedtothosewhoaren’tinterestedinsports(與那些對(duì)體育不感興趣的人相比，那些認(rèn)為自己是體育迷的人有更高的自尊心，更低的孤獨(dú)感，并且對(duì)自己的生活更加滿意)”可知，體育愛(ài)好者的一般特點(diǎn)是：體育愛(ài)好者自尊心程度更高，孤獨(dú)感更低，對(duì)生活現(xiàn)狀更滿意，即有更高的自我價(jià)值感。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段“So,whydopeoplecontinuetoputtheirfaithbehindteamsthattendtolose?Peoplewhofeelastrongpsychologicalconnectiontoateamaremorelikelytorootforateamwhenthey’rehavingalosingseason.(那么，為什么人們繼續(xù)把他們的信念放在那些傾向于輸球的球隊(duì)身上呢？當(dāng)球隊(duì)輸球的時(shí)候，那些與球隊(duì)有強(qiáng)烈心理聯(lián)系的人更有可能支持他們)”及第六段中“Butbecausebeingafanissocentraltopeople’sidentities,peoplearewillingtoacceptdefeatandcontinuetobeloyaltoateam.(但是，因?yàn)樽鳛橐粋€(gè)球迷是人們身份的核心，人們?cè)敢饨邮苁。⒗^續(xù)忠于一支球隊(duì)。)”可知，體育迷和球隊(duì)之間存在心理聯(lián)系，球迷是人們身份的核心，所以人們?cè)敢饨邮苁?，并繼續(xù)忠于一個(gè)球隊(duì)，即粉絲們擁有強(qiáng)烈的認(rèn)同感和歸屬感。故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“...butWannsaysthattalkingaboutsportsatworkandspendingtimewithpeoplewhoshareacommoninterestcanmakepeoplemoreexcitedtogotowork.(但是Warm說(shuō)，在工作中談?wù)擉w育運(yùn)動(dòng)和花時(shí)間與有共同興趣的人在一起會(huì)使人們更加興奮地去工作。)”可知，在工作中談?wù)擉w育運(yùn)動(dòng)可以讓人們更愿意去工作，提高工作效率。故選C。4.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中““Beingasportsfanisaverypsychologicallyhealthyactivity,”saysDanielWarm,professoratMurrayStateUniversitywhoseresearchprogramcentersonthepsychologyofsportfandom(運(yùn)動(dòng)迷).(“成為一名體育迷是一項(xiàng)非常有益于心理健康的活動(dòng)，”莫瑞州立大學(xué)教授丹尼爾·沃姆說(shuō)，他的研究項(xiàng)目主要集中在體育迷的心理上。)”可知，本文主要一項(xiàng)研究表明，愛(ài)好體育是非常有益于心理健康的。由此可推知，文章選自“雜志”更合理，故選D。DPlayingamusicalinstrumentthroughoutyourlifeprotectsyourhearinginoldage,aCanadianstudysuggests.Thestudy,publishedinPsychologyandAging,carriedouthearingtestson74adultmusiciansand89non-musicians.Itfounda70-year-oldmusician’shearingwasasgoodasthatofa50-year-oldwhodidnotplay.Hearingnormallydeclinesaspeopleage.By60,10-30%ofpeoplehavemoderatehearingloss.By80,thatgoesuptoasmanyas60%.Problemsareparticularlyseeninthecentralauditory(聽(tīng)覺(jué)的)processingsystem,whichisassociatedwithunderstandingspeech,especiallywhenthereisbackgroundnoise.Previousstudieshaveshownmusicianshavebetterhearingthannon-players.Butthisresearch,byateamattheRotmanResearchInstituteinToronto,lookedatadultsofallages-from18to91-toseehowpeoplewereaffectedastheyaged.Theycarriedouthearingtestson74amateurandprofessionalmusicians(whohadplayedsincetheageof16,werestillpractisingandhadbeengivenformalmusiclessons)and89non-musicians(whohadneverplayedaninstrument).Musiciansweresignificantlybetteratpickingoutspeechagainstnoise.Theresearcherssuggestthatlifelongmusicianshipreducesage-relatedchangesinthebrain,probablyduetomusiciansusingtheirauditorysystemsatahighlevelonaregularbasis.TheheadofbiomedicalresearchatActiononHearingLoss,Dr.RalphHolme,said:“Whilethisstudysuggeststhatmusiciansmightbemoreabletocopewiththeconsequencesofhearingloss,itisfarbettertoreducedamageinthefirstplacebyusingappropriateearprotection.Wehavealwayscampaignedforeveryonewhoplaysamusicalinstrumentorlistenstoloudmusictowearhearingprotection,likeearplugs,whichreducetheriskofdamagingyourhearingpermanently.”12.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Apersonaged80willlose30%hearing.B.Apersonagedabove60musthavebadhearing.C.Peoplehavefewerproblemswithbackgroundnoise.D.People’shearingusuallybecomesworsewhentheygetolder.13.WhatcanwegetfromtheCanadianstudy?A.Ittestedthehearingof162people.B.Thefindingofthestudywasn’tpublishedpublicly.C.Playingamusicalinstrumentmaydogoodtohearing.D.Musicianswereasgoodatpickingoutspeechagainstnoiseasnon-musicians.14.Whydon’tmusicianschangemuchintheirbrainastheyage?A.Theyliketotakemoreexercise. B.Theyusetheirhearingmoreandregularly.C.Theydon’texposethemselvestobackgroundnoise. D.Theypaymoreattentiontoprotectingtheirhearing.15.HowcanwedealwithhearinglossaccordingtoDr.RalphHolme?A.Gethelpfrommusicians. B.Listentoloudmusicless.C.Protecthearingproperly. D.Playamusicalinstrumentmore.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，終生演奏一種樂(lè)器可以保護(hù)你晚年的聽(tīng)力，即便如此，科學(xué)家也建議我們要正確保護(hù)聽(tīng)力?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hearingnormallydeclinesaspeopleage.(聽(tīng)力通常隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而下降。)”可知，人們的聽(tīng)力通常會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而變得更糟。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Playingamusicalinstrumentthroughoutyourlifeprotectsyourhearinginoldage,aCanadianstudysuggests.(一項(xiàng)加拿大的研究表明，一直演奏一種樂(lè)器可以保護(hù)老年人的聽(tīng)力。)”可知，演奏一種樂(lè)器有利于保護(hù)聽(tīng)力。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theresearcherssuggestthatlifelongmusicianshipreducesage-relatedchangesinthebrain,probablyduetomusiciansusingtheirauditorysystemsatahighlevelonaregularbasis.(研究人員認(rèn)為，終身的音樂(lè)會(huì)減少大腦中與年齡有關(guān)的變化，這可能是由于音樂(lè)家經(jīng)常使用他們的聽(tīng)覺(jué)系統(tǒng)，使其保持在一個(gè)較高的水平。)”可知，音樂(lè)家的大腦的某些部分沒(méi)有隨著年齡變老而改變，是因?yàn)樗麄兘?jīng)常使用他們的聽(tīng)力。故選B。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whilethisstudysuggeststhatmusiciansmightbemoreabletocopewiththeconsequencesofhearingloss,itisfarbettertoreducedamageinthefirstplacebyusingappropriateearprotection.Wehavealwayscampaignedforeveryonewhoplaysamusicalinstrumentorlistenstoloudmusictowearhearingprotection,likeearplugs,whichreducetheriskofdamagingyourhearingpermanently.(雖然這項(xiàng)研究表明，音樂(lè)家可能更有能力應(yīng)對(duì)聽(tīng)力損失的后果，但最好是首先通過(guò)使用適當(dāng)?shù)亩浔Ｗo(hù)來(lái)減少損害。我們一直呼吁每個(gè)演奏樂(lè)器或聽(tīng)大聲音樂(lè)的人都戴上聽(tīng)力保護(hù)裝置，比如耳塞，這樣可以減少永久性損害聽(tīng)力的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，RalphHolme博士認(rèn)為，要正確地保護(hù)聽(tīng)力，這樣能減少聽(tīng)力損失。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FamilyLinkhaslotsofadvantagesthatmaybefavoredbyparents.Insidetheapp,youcancreateGoogleaccountsforyourchildren,sharinginformationliketheirnamesandbirthdates.___16___,thedeviceimmediatelyrequiresyoutologinandinstalltheFamilyLinkappontothedevicesoitcanbemonitored.____17____Ontheparent’sphone,bytappingonthechild’saccountprofileyoucanfollowachild’slocation.Youcanalsoapproveorrejectappsthatachildistryingtodownload.Soifyou’reworriedaboutanaddictivegame,simplyblocktheapps.ParentscanalsouseFamilyLinktocreaterestrictionsforhowchildrenbrowsetheweb.Youcanturnonafilter(過(guò)濾器)thatblocksbadwebsites,thoughGoogleacknowledgesthefilterisimperfectandsomeunpleasantsitesmaygetpastit.___18___,youcanalsorequirethechildtogetpermissionforeachsitevisited,blockingtheonesyoudisapproveof.___19___,whichcanbeusedtosetlimitsforhowlongachildcanuseaphoneeachday.Forinstance,youcouldgivethechildthreehoursonweekdays.Youcanalsoscheduleregularbedtimehoursthatlockdownthedeviceatspecifictimes.CarolineKnorr,theparentingeditorofCommonSenseMedia,whichevaluatescontentandproductsforfamilies,applaudedthescreentimefeature,notingthedifficultyofgettingchildrentoputdowntheirphones.___20___“It’snotaset-it-and-forget-itthingwhereparentsthink,”shesaid.“We’reallstilllearningthistechnology,andlifeisveryunpredictable.”A.ForamorepickyapproachB.ItisgoingtosolveallmyproblemsC.ThenwhenyourchildlogsintoaphoneD.Fromthere,FamilyLinkisabreezetouseE.ParentswillprobablyloveafeaturecalledscreentimeF.ButstickingwithtimelimitsandscheduleswouldbecomplicatedG.Parentscanalsogetaweeklyreporttoseehowoftenachildisusingacertainapp【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.E20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。給父母讀者介紹了FamilyLink程序及其優(yōu)點(diǎn)?！?6題詳解】上文“Insidetheapp,youcancreateGoogleaccountsforyourchildren,sharinginformationliketheirnamesandbirthdates.(在應(yīng)用程序中，你可以為你的孩子創(chuàng)建谷歌賬戶，分享他們的姓名和出生日期等信息。)”指出父母可以為孩子創(chuàng)建賬號(hào)。下文“thedeviceimmediatelyrequiresyoutologinandinstalltheFamilyLinkappontothedevicesoitcanbemonitored.(設(shè)備立即要求您登錄并將家庭鏈接應(yīng)用程序安裝到設(shè)備上，以便對(duì)其進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。)”指出在某種情況下，APP設(shè)備會(huì)要求父母登錄程序，對(duì)孩子進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。選項(xiàng)C“Thenwhenyourchildlogsintoaphone(然后當(dāng)你的孩子登錄到手機(jī)時(shí))”正好指出一種需要父母登錄監(jiān)督的情況，即孩子在手機(jī)上登錄APP，因此該時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句承接上文，并能引出下文主句，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】下文“Ontheparent’sphone,bytappingonthechild’saccountprofileyoucanfollowachild’slocation.Youcanalsoapproveorrejectappsthatachildistryingtodownload.Soifyou’reworriedaboutanaddictivegame,simplyblocktheapps.(在家長(zhǎng)的手機(jī)上，通過(guò)點(diǎn)擊孩子的賬戶檔案，您可以跟蹤孩子的位置。您還可以批準(zhǔn)或拒絕孩子嘗試下載的應(yīng)用程序。所以，如果你擔(dān)心一個(gè)上癮的游戲，只需屏蔽應(yīng)用程序。)”指出通過(guò)文本提出的FamilyLink程序，家長(zhǎng)能夠很容易的監(jiān)管到孩子對(duì)手機(jī)的使用。選項(xiàng)D“Fromthere,FamilyLinkisabreezetouse(從此，F(xiàn)amilyLink便可輕松使用)”正好能引出下文的具體說(shuō)明從哪些方面來(lái)講能夠輕松使用，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Youcanturnonafilter(過(guò)濾器)thatblocksbadwebsites,thoughGoogleacknowledgesthefilterisimperfectandsomeunpleasantsitesmaygetpastit.(你可以打開(kāi)一個(gè)阻止不良網(wǎng)站的過(guò)濾器，盡管谷歌承認(rèn)這個(gè)過(guò)濾器是不完善的，一些不愉快的網(wǎng)站可能會(huì)通過(guò)它。)”指出父母監(jiān)管是可以開(kāi)啟不良網(wǎng)站的過(guò)濾器。下文“youcanalsorequirethechildtogetpermissionforeachsitevisited,blockingtheonesyoudisapproveof.(你也可以要求孩子獲得每個(gè)訪問(wèn)網(wǎng)站的權(quán)限，屏蔽你不贊成的網(wǎng)站。)”指出父母還可以要求獲得孩子每個(gè)訪問(wèn)網(wǎng)站的權(quán)限，這是在上文基礎(chǔ)上提出的另一個(gè)更進(jìn)一步的措施。選項(xiàng)A“Foramorepickyapproach(對(duì)于更挑剔的方法)”正好表明這一句是延續(xù)上文提出更挑剔的方法，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“whichcanbeusedtosetlimitsforhowlongachildcanuseaphoneeachday.(它可以用來(lái)設(shè)定孩子每天使用手機(jī)的時(shí)間限制。)”指出某種操作能夠幫助限制孩子每天的屏幕時(shí)間。選項(xiàng)E“Parentswillprobablyloveafeaturecalledscreentime(父母可能會(huì)喜歡一個(gè)叫做屏幕時(shí)間的功能)”正好提出了屏幕時(shí)間這一功能，引出下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“CarolineKnorr,theparentingeditorofCommonSenseMedia,whichevaluatescontentandproductsforfamilies,applaudedthescreentimefeature,notingthedifficultyofgettingchildrentoputdowntheirphones.(CommonSenseMedia的育兒編輯CarolineKnorr稱贊了屏幕時(shí)間功能，并指出讓孩子放下手機(jī)很困難。)”指出屏幕時(shí)間這一功能有價(jià)值所在。下文““It’snotaset-it-and-forget-itthingwhereparentsthink,”shesaid.“We’reallstilllearningthistechnology,andlifeisveryunpredictable.”(她說(shuō)：“這并不是父母想的那樣，我們都在學(xué)習(xí)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，生活是不可預(yù)測(cè)的?！?”指出這一功能雖然有價(jià)值所在，但也不是我們所想的那樣簡(jiǎn)單。選項(xiàng)F“Butstickingwithtimelimitsandscheduleswouldbecomplicated(但堅(jiān)持時(shí)間限制和時(shí)間表會(huì)很復(fù)雜)”與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。BillSumielwashavingatoughFriday.ItwasOctober2020,andthe71-year-old,whowasdealingwithkidney(腎)failure,foundhimselfatamedicalcenter30milesfromhome.Sumielwasnostrangertothe____21____ofkidneydisease.He’dsufferedfromdiabetes(糖尿病)morethan20yearsbefore,which____22____hiskidneyproblems.Hewasonthetransplant____23____,butnomatcheshadyetappeared.Sohecontinuedwithhistreatmentsandtookataxitoandfromhis____24____.TimothyLetts,31,wasdrivingnorthtovisitafriendwhenhisphonerangwiththe____25____forSumiel’sridehome.ThetripwasoutofLetts’sway.____26____,hetooktheorder.WhenSumielgotintothecar,thepairgotto____27____.Sumiel____28____thathewassearchingforakidneydonor.Lettsjokedthathe’dbeagooddonor(捐贈(zèng)者),____29____thathedidn’tdrinkorsmoke.Sumiel____30____,thoughhedidn’tthinkmuchofitastheykeptdriving.Letts,however,couldn’tstopthinkingaboutit.Aboutaquarter-mileawayfromSumiel’shouse,Lettssaid,“I’dliketoseeifIcouldbea____31____togiveyouakidney.”SumielwastouchedbyLetts’s____32____,thoughhewonderedifithadjustbeena(n)____33____moment.ButLettswas____34____tohisword.HegotintouchwithSumieljustafewhourslater,andbythenextweek,Lettshad____35____thekidneytransplantprogram.Afteralongscreeningprocess,theresultswerein:Lettswasanidealdonor,andheandSumielwereaperfectmatch.21.A.origins B.struggles C.warnings D.symbols22.A.adaptedto B.arosefrom C.ledto D.tookover23.A.list B.category C.class D.group24.A.department B.company C.arrangement D.appointment25.A.application B.question C.request D.intention26.A.Still B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Meanwhile27.A.debating B.remarking C.arguing D.chatting28.A.instructed B.revealed C.wondered D.announced29.A.supposed B.assumed C.given D.convinced30.A.agreed B.claimed C.doubted D.suggested31.A.sponsor B.match C.surgeon D.model32.A.demand B.advice C.offer D.mission33.A.magical B.joyful C.anxious D.emotional34.A.equal B.kind C.true D.sensitive35.A.contacted B.informed C.persuaded D.urged【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.C33.D34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了71的Sumiel因?yàn)槟I衰竭需要腎移植，但是找不到合適的腎源。有一天Sumiel打了一輛出租車(chē)回家，他在車(chē)上和出租車(chē)司機(jī)Letts閑聊時(shí)告訴了司機(jī)他的困境。出租車(chē)司機(jī)說(shuō)他可以去做配型。在配型后，Letts的腎適合移植給Sumiel，并且手術(shù)很成功。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：蘇米爾對(duì)與腎病作斗爭(zhēng)并不陌生。A.origins起源；B.struggles斗爭(zhēng)；C.warnings警告；D.symbols符號(hào)。根據(jù)前文“ItwasOctober2020,andthe71-year-old,whowasdealingwithkidney(腎)failure”可知，蘇米爾有腎衰竭，所以應(yīng)是與腎病作斗爭(zhēng)并不陌生。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：20多年前，他就患有糖尿病，導(dǎo)致腎臟出了問(wèn)題。A.adaptedto適應(yīng)于；B.arosefrom產(chǎn)生于；C.ledto導(dǎo)致；D.tookover接管。根據(jù)前文“He’dsufferedfromdiabetes(糖尿病)morethan20yearsbefore”結(jié)合實(shí)際可知，應(yīng)是糖尿病導(dǎo)致腎臟出了問(wèn)題。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他在移植名單上，但還沒(méi)有匹配的人出現(xiàn)。A.list名單；B.category類(lèi)別；C.class班級(jí)；D.group組。根據(jù)后文“butnomatcheshadyetappeared.”結(jié)合實(shí)際可知，沒(méi)有匹配的人出現(xiàn)，所以應(yīng)是在移植名單上。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以他繼續(xù)他的治療，并乘坐出租車(chē)往返于他的預(yù)約。A.department部門(mén)；B.company公司；C.arrangement安排；D.appointment預(yù)約。根據(jù)前文“Sohecontinuedwithhistreatments”結(jié)合實(shí)際可知，腎衰竭的患者需要定期做透析，所以應(yīng)是“乘坐出租車(chē)往返于他和醫(yī)院的預(yù)約”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：31歲的蒂莫西·萊茨(TimothyLetts)開(kāi)車(chē)北上看朋友時(shí)，他的電話響了，要求載Sumiel回家。A.application應(yīng)用；B.question問(wèn)題；C.request要求；D.intention打算。根據(jù)后文“hetooktheorder”可知，萊茨接受了這個(gè)訂單，所以是要求載Sumiel回家。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，他還是接受了訂單。A.Still盡管如此；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否則；D.Meanwhile同時(shí)。根據(jù)前文“ThetripwasoutofLetts’sway”以及后文“hetooktheorder”可知，不順路，但是還是接受了訂單，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用“Still盡管如此”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Sumiel上了車(chē)，兩人開(kāi)始聊天。A.debating討論；B.remarking評(píng)論；C.arguing爭(zhēng)論；D.chatting聊天。根據(jù)后文“Sumiel8thathewassearchingfora