Unit2TravellingGrammar課件牛津譯林版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)

Unit2Travelling--GrammarReadingtimeOnlinecoursesalloweveryonetostudyandlearnYoumayhaveheardaboutMOOCs,ormassive

（大規(guī)

模的）openonlinecourses.MOOCswerefirstdevelopedintheWestin2011.TheycametoChinaaround2013.ChinanowhasthemostMOOCs,accordingtoarecentreport.Thecountryhasmorethan30MOOCplatforms

（平臺(tái)），3,400coursesand540,000participants（參與者）.Thecoursesrangefromtraditionalsubjectssuchasforeignlanguageandsciencetomorepopularonessuchasbigdata（大數(shù)據(jù)）andartificialintelligence（人工智

能）.PeoplefromtheUS,theUKandSouthKoreaalsotakethecourses,ChinaDailyreported.MOOCshavemadeeducation

fairer（更加公平的）becauseanyonecanlearnwheneverandwherevertheywant.

二.

主要用法（3）

一.構(gòu)成have/hasdonePresentperfecttense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

五.havegonetohavebeentohavebeenin

六.forandsince三.標(biāo)志詞四.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞Revision

1.Weuse‘have(has)goneto’toexpresstheideathatsomeonewenttoaplacebuthasnotyetreturned.Forexample:MillieandAmyhavegonetothebookshoptobuysomebooksontravelling.Theywillbebackinanhour.某人去了某地，還沒回來(lái)。Presentation

1.Millie

hasgonetoAmericawithherfamily.Ihopetheyhaveagreattimethere.2.Suzyisnotathomeatthemoment.Shehasgoneto

thebookshop.3.Mr.Wangisnothere.He

hasgonetoQingDao.4.Kittyandherfamily

havegonetoHongKong.Theywillcomebacknextweek.TIP:含havegoneto的句子中主語(yǔ)的人稱一般為___________人稱形式第三

2.Weuse‘have(has)beento’toexpresstheideathatsomeonewenttosomeplaceandhasalreadycomeback.某人去過某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了。

Eddie

hasbeento

SouthHillmanytimes.

Itisveryniceandhewantstogothereagain.Forexample:

1.MyfatherhasbeentoBeijingtwice.2.Ihave

beentoShanghaimanytimes.It’sreallyamoderncity.4.Haveyouever

beentothesupermarkettobuygrapes?TIP:含havebeento的句子可以接_________，如once，twice，manytimes也可以和never,ever,just,before等詞連用。3.IhaveneverbeentoAmericabefore.次數(shù)

3.Weuse‘have(has)beenin’toexpresstheideathatsomeonestaysinsomeplaceforsometime.某人在某地呆了一段時(shí)間。

Forexample:MyparentsandIhavebeeninBeijingfortwodays.

1.IhavebeeninShanghaiforthreeyears.

4.Howlong

hashebeeninHongKong?3.HehasbeeninHongKongsincefiveyearsago.2.HehasbeeninHongKongsincelastyear.TIP:含havebeenin的句子中常與_________連用，這種狀語(yǔ)常包括：1.for+段時(shí)間2.since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)3.since+時(shí)間段+ago4.howlong開頭段時(shí)間

Importantphrases:1.指的是2.呆在那兒一周3.在party上和我們一起4.參加會(huì)議5.看到Andy在沙子上玩6.順便提一下7.邀請(qǐng)Andy去野炊8.去了鄉(xiāng)村1.referto2.staythereforaweek3.bewithusattheparty4.attendameeting5.seeAndyplayingonthesand6.bytheway7.inviteAndytogoforapicnic8.gotothecountrysiden.invitation

4.KittyhasinHongkongsincetwodaysago.2.Eddiehassinceyesterdayafternoon.3.Mr.Chenhasheresincehewasborn.1.Thesedoctorshaveforthirtydays.beensleptlivedworkedMoresamplesentencesRule:在帶有一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句中，我們要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

Whatkindofwordsarecalledlongactionwordsandwhataboutshortactionwords？Inwhichsentencestructuresshouldweuselongactionwords,andshortactionwords？Discussion英語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)詞按其動(dòng)作發(fā)生的方式、動(dòng)作發(fā)生過程的長(zhǎng)短，可分為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和短暫性動(dòng)詞。Tip1:*延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動(dòng)作。這種動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)下去或產(chǎn)生持久影響。*短暫性動(dòng)詞也稱非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞、瞬間動(dòng)詞。表示不能延續(xù)的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。

Kittybought

acoupleofkeyringstwodaysago.Kitty__________(buy)acoupleofkeyringssincetwodaysago/fortwodays.hashadbuy-

havePresentation

Kittyandherparentsarrived

atDisneylandtwodaysago.Kittyandherparents_____________Disneylandsincetwodaysago/fortwodays.

havebeenatarrivein/at-bein/at

TheparadeofDisneycharactersbeganthreehoursago.TheparadeofDisneycharacters___________sincethreehoursago/forthreehours.

hasbeenonbegin-beon

begin/startfinish/stop/endcome/go/arrivejoindiegetmarriedfallillfallasleepgetupleaveborrowbeonbeoverbein/atbein/beamemberofbedeadbemarriedbeupbeillbeasleepbeawayfromShortactionsLongactions

keepbuyhave

Presentation

1.Schoolfinishedamonthago.School________________foramonth.2.Heborrowedthisbookaweekago.He_________thisbookforaweek.3.Sheboughtthisdressthreeweeksago.She________thisdresssincethreeweeksago.4.Mylittledogdiedfivemonthsago.Mylittledog_____________forfivemonths.5.HearrivedinBeijinglastyear.He____________Beijingsinceayearago.

hasbeenoverhaskept

hashad

hasbeendead

hasbeenin

Practice

6.Thefilmbeganhalfanhourago.Thefilm___________forhalfanhour.7.Myparentsgotmarried16yearsago.Myparents_________________for16years.8.HeleftChinathreeyearsago.He__________________Chinafor3years.9.Themanjoinedtheclubtwoyearsago.Theman____________________/__________theclubsince2yearsago.10.Danielwentabroadhalfayearago.Daniel_____________abroadforhalfayear.

hasbeenon

havebeenmarried

hasbeenawayfrom

hasbeenamemberof

hasbeenin

hasbeen

Tip3:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)肯定句中,短暫性動(dòng)詞不能與for以及since連用,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)否定句中,短暫性動(dòng)詞可以與for以及since連用。

MyparentsandI__________(arrive)inHongKongonthefirstdayofthewinterholiday.We_____________(be)hereforthreedays.I__________(borrow)abookaboutHKaweekago.It’sveryuseful.I______________(keep)itwithmeforafewdays.IthelpsmelearnmoreaboutHK.Nowit’snoonandwe’reinOceanPark.Thefirstdolphinshow__________(begin)at11:30a.m.It__________(be)onforabouthalfanhour.Theshowisreallyexciting.

arrivedhavebeenborrowedhavekeptbeganhasbeenConclusion()1.When

you

yourdictionary?---Abouttwomonthsago.A.did,buyB.have,getC.have,hadD.have,bought()2.Hetellsmehe

Chinaforoverfiveyears.A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasgoneto()3.Hisuncleformorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedhereD.haslefttheuniversity()4.

hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChina?A.HowsoonB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howfar()5.WhendidyoumakefriendswithJim.We

friendssincehecametoourclass.A.wereB.mad