專題04 閱讀理解（二）20篇【考題猜想】（解析版）-25學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期末考點(diǎn)大串講（人教版2019）

專題04閱讀理解（二）20篇Passage01（24-25高一上·山東煙臺(tái)·期中）Orcas,alsoknownaskillerwhales,arethelargestmembersofthedolphinfamily.Theyhuntinschoolsofupto40individualsandarefamousfortheirgroupattackonseacreatures.Butorcasseldomattackhumans.However,since2020,groupsoforcashavestruckabout700boatsoffthecoastsofSpain,Portugal,FranceandMorocco.Theyhavedamaged(損壞)atleastsevenboats.Expertsnowbelievewhattheorcasdidistheresultofboredteenageorcashavingfun.Afterobservingfifteenyoungorcas,aresearchteam,ledbyAlexZerbini,foundthattheorcasapproachedtheboatsslowly.Onceclose,theyappearedtosimplywanttonudgetheirnosesorheadsagainsttherudder(船舵).Giventhattheseyoungorcasmeasurebetween2.7and4.2metersinlength,justagentletouchwasenoughtodamagetheruddersandeventheboats.“Astheyplaywiththerudder,theydon’tunderstandthattheycandamagetherudderandwillaffecthumanbeings.It’smoreplayfulthanpurposeful,”oneresearchersaid.Theresearchersthoughttheteenageorcas’boredomresultsfromtheincreaseinthepopulationoftheirprimaryfoodsource—thebluefintuna.Withplentyoffood,theyhavealotmoretimeontheirhands.Theyguessedtheactionmayhavebeenstartedbyacuriousindividualattractedtothemovingboatandmayhaveinspiredtheotherstodothesame.Zerbiniandhisteamgivesomesuggestionsaboutbeingfarawayfromorcaswhenpossible.Whilepeopleareintheareaswhereorcasoftenappear,trytoreducethespeedoftheboats.Makingbangingsoundsaroundtheboatmaykeepthewhalesaway.Theyalsosuggestboatownersreplacethesmoothruddersurfacewithspecialmaterials.Thiswillmaketheboatslessfunto“play”with.“Wedon’twanttoseemoreboatsbeingdamaged,andwedon’twanttoseepeopleintrouble,”Zerbinisaid.“Butwealsodon’twanttoseeorcasandotheranimalsbeinghurt.Wehavetorememberthatthisistheirhome,andwe’reintheway.”1．Whatdoesthetextfocusonaboutorcas?A．Theirunusualbehavior. B．Theirfeedinghabit.C．Theirhighintelligence. D．Theirquickreaction.2．Whydoorcasstriketheboatsaccordingtotheresearch?A．Tosearchforfood. B．Toseekpleasure.C．Totrytocommunicate. D．Topracticehuntingskills.3．Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytellus?A．Howtofindorcas’tracks. B．Howtodraworcastotherudder.C．Howtotellthesoundsfromorcas. D．Howtoavoidencounterswithorcas.4．WhatdoweknowfromZerbini’swords?A．Weshouldliveatpeacewithanimals.B．Weshouldbuildmorehigh-qualityboats.C．Peoplefacechallengesindevelopingfishery.D．Peoplehaveperfectedcreatures’livingenvironment.【答案】1．A2．B3．D4．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是自2020年以來，西班牙、葡萄牙、法國(guó)和摩洛哥海岸附近發(fā)生的一系列逆戟鯨撞擊船只的事件。1．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Butorcasseldomattackhumans.(但是逆戟鯨很少攻擊人類。)”和第二段“However,since2020,groupsoforcashavestruckabout700boatsoffthecoastsofSpain,Portugal,FranceandMorocco.Theyhavedamaged(損壞)atleastsevenboats.(然而，自2020年以來，成群的逆戟鯨在西班牙、葡萄牙、法國(guó)和摩洛哥海岸襲擊了大約700艘船只。他們至少損壞了七艘船。)”可知，本文主要講的是逆戟鯨的不尋常的行為。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Expertsnowbelievewhattheorcasdidistheresultofboredteenageorcashavingfun.(專家們現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為逆戟鯨的行為是無聊的青少年逆戟鯨玩耍的結(jié)果。)”和第三段“It’smoreplayfulthanpurposeful(與其說是有目的，不如說是好玩)”可知，逆戟鯨會(huì)襲擊船只是為了尋求快樂。故選B。3．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Zerbiniandhisteamgivesomesuggestionsaboutbeingfarawayfromorcaswhenpossible.Whilepeopleareintheareaswhereorcasoftenappear,trytoreducethespeedoftheboats.Makingbangingsoundsaroundtheboatmaykeepthewhalesaway.Theyalsosuggestboatownersreplacethesmoothruddersurfacewithspecialmaterials.Thiswillmaketheboatslessfunto“play”with.(Zerbini和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)給出了一些關(guān)于盡可能遠(yuǎn)離逆戟鯨的建議。當(dāng)人們?cè)谀骊L經(jīng)常出沒的地方時(shí)，盡量降低船只的速度。在船周圍發(fā)出砰砰的聲音可能會(huì)讓鯨遠(yuǎn)離。他們還建議船主用特殊材料替換光滑的舵面。這將使船“玩”的樂趣減少。)”可知，第五段主要講的是如何避免遭遇逆戟鯨。故選D。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Wedon’twanttoseemoreboatsbeingdamaged,andwedon’twanttoseepeopleintrouble(我們不希望看到更多船只受損，也不希望看到人們陷入困境)”和“Butwealsodon’twanttoseeorcasandotheranimalsbeinghurt.Wehavetorememberthatthisistheirhome,andwe’reintheway.(但我們也不想看到逆戟鯨和其他動(dòng)物受到傷害。我們必須記住，這是它們的家，而我們擋住了它們的路。)”可知，從Zerbini的話中我們知道我們應(yīng)該與動(dòng)物和平相處。故選A。Passage02（24-25高一上·湖北孝感·期中）Givefishermenastring,andtheycanuseittocatchfish,butgiveittoyoungmenfromHuotongTownandtheycanmakealionfly.Indeed,manychildrengrowingupinthetowninNingdeCity,FujianProvince,mightbeundertheimpressionthatlionscanactuallyfly,astheycomeintocontactwiththepopularstringliondanceatanearlyage.Fromadistance,bamboolionswithcolorfullonghaircouldbeseenhighaboveasmallwoodenstageinXingxianVillageinmid-March,eachseemingtohavealifeoftheirown.Closerup,itwaspossibletoseethattheywerelinkedbywhatlookedlikecountlesslongstringsthatwerebeingoperatedbyateamofyoungpeoplebehindthestage.Theyoungpeoplemadeeveryeffortduringtheshow,sometimesusingtheirweighttopullthestrings,andothertimesjumpingupanddowntocontrolthestringstomakethelionsdovariousfancyactions,rangingfromrolling,jumping,torunningoneafteranother,andfightingforaball.Applausebrokeoutfromthecrowdasthelionscametorest,andagroupofyoungboyssteppedoutfrombehindthecurtain.“Thisismyhappiestmoment,gettingrecognitionfromtheaudience,”saysChenJihong,24,wholeadstheteamofaround30membersagedbetween13and24.Likeotherchildrenintheregion,Chenwasfirstfascinatedbythedanceasachildwhenhismothertookhimtowatchalanternshowonthedayoflongtaitou,orDragonHeadRaisingDay.Heremembershowthecrowdsuddenlybecameexcitedandcheeredforthestringlionstocomeout.Curiously,hepushedthroughthecrowdtogetacloserviewasthelifelikelionscameintosight.HuangZhenqiao,aseniorinheritorofthetraditionthatwasnamedanationalintangible(非物質(zhì)的)culturalheritagein2006,saysthatthestringliondancedatesbackabout1,300yearsandisoneofthemostattractiveshowsatthelocallanternshowonthatday.5．Whydoesthewritermention“fishermen”atthebeginning?A．Tointroducethetopic. B．Toaddsomethingfun.C．Tocomparetwoskills. D．Toexplainthebackground.6．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．Whatthelionslookedlike. B．Howtheliondancewasperformed.C．Whatinfluencethedancehad. D．Howstrongtheyoungpeoplewere.7．WhichofthefollowinghasmostprobablyinspiredChenJihongtobealiondancer?A．Hischildhoodmemories. B．Theteaminfluence.C．Hisfamilybackground. D．Theschooleducation.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inheritor”probablymeaninthelastparagraph?A．Apersonwhohasagiftformathematics.B．Apersonwhoistopassdownatradition.C．Apersonwhopreferstogetridofoldthings.D．Apersonwhostudiesthehistoryofacountry.【答案】5．A6．B7．A8．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了福建省寧德市胡通鎮(zhèn)的提線獅子舞這一非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)，講述了其表演形式、歷史淵源以及年輕舞者的熱愛與傳承。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Givefishermenastring,andtheycanuseittocatchfish,butgiveittoyoungmenfromHuotongTownandtheycanmakealionfly.Indeed,manychildrengrowingupinthetowninNingdeCity,FujianProvince,mightbeundertheimpressionthatlionscanactuallyfly,astheycomeintocontactwiththepopularstringliondanceatanearlyage.(給漁民一根繩子，他們可以用它來捕魚，但如果把繩子給胡通鎮(zhèn)的年輕人，他們就能讓獅子飛起來。的確，在福建省寧德市這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上長(zhǎng)大的許多孩子可能都會(huì)覺得獅子真的能飛，因?yàn)樗麄兒苄【徒佑|到了流行的提線獅子舞)”可知，作者通過對(duì)比漁民和胡通鎮(zhèn)年輕人對(duì)繩子的不同使用，引出了提線獅子舞這一話題。由此推知，作者提到“漁民”是為了引入主題。故選A項(xiàng)。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theyoungpeoplemadeeveryeffortduringtheshow,sometimesusingtheirweighttopullthestrings,andothertimesjumpingupanddowntocontrolthestringstomakethelionsdovariousfancyactions,rangingfromrolling,jumping,torunningoneafteranother,andfightingforaball.(年輕人在表演中竭盡全力，有時(shí)用體重拉繩子，有時(shí)跳上跳下控制繩子，讓獅子做出各種花哨的動(dòng)作，包括翻滾、跳躍、一個(gè)接一個(gè)地奔跑和搶球)”可知，本段主要描述了提線獅子舞的表演過程，即年輕人如何通過操控繩子讓獅子做出各種動(dòng)作。故選B項(xiàng)。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Likeotherchildrenintheregion,Chenwasfirstfascinatedbythedanceasachildwhenhismothertookhimtowatchalanternshowonthedayoflongtaitou,orDragonHeadRaisingDay.Heremembershowthecrowdsuddenlybecameexcitedandcheeredforthestringlionstocomeout.Curiously,hepushedthroughthecrowdtogetacloserviewasthelifelikelionscameintosight.(和該地區(qū)的其他孩子一樣，陳小時(shí)候就被這種舞蹈迷住了，當(dāng)時(shí)他媽媽帶他去看龍頭抬頭節(jié)那天的燈籠表演。他記得人群突然變得興奮起來，為提線獅子的出場(chǎng)而歡呼。出于好奇，他擠過人群，當(dāng)栩栩如生的獅子映入眼簾時(shí)，他仔細(xì)地觀看)”可知，陳繼紅小時(shí)候被提線獅子舞所吸引，并留下了深刻的印象。由此推知，正是他童年的這些記憶激發(fā)了他成為提線獅子舞者的愿望。故選A項(xiàng)。8．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“HuangZhenqiao,aseniorinheritorofthetradition(黃振橋，這一傳統(tǒng)的資深inheritor)”和下文他對(duì)舞獅的介紹“saysthatthestringliondancedatesbackabout1,300yearsandisoneofthemostattractiveshowsatthelocallanternshowonthatday(據(jù)說舞獅可以追溯到1300年前，是當(dāng)天當(dāng)?shù)責(zé)粽股献钗说墓?jié)目之一)”可推知，黃振橋是舞獅的傳承人。故劃線詞inheritor與“personwhoistopassdownatradition.(傳承傳統(tǒng)的人)”同義。故選B項(xiàng)。Passage03（24-25高一上·浙江·期中）Standingontheruinsafterthefirewherehishousehadbeen,PeterRuprechtrecognizedthathewasnotsurehoworwhentorebuild.HewasstillshockedbywhatAustralia’sincreasinglychangeableclimatehadalreadydelivered:firstadrought,thenadestructivebushfire,thenafootofrainfromastorm.“It’sunstoppable,”saidMr.Ruprecht,aformerdairyfarmer.“WespeakaboutthewarmthofMotherNature,butnaturecanalsobeviciousandwildandunforgiving.”Australia’shellish(地獄的)fireseasonhascometoanend,butitspeoplearefacingmorethanasingledisaster.Withfloodsdestroyinghomesnotfarfromwherefiresrecentlyspread,theyarefacingacycleofwhatscientistscall“compoundextremes”:oneclimatedisasterstrengtheningthenext.Warmertemperaturesdomorethanjustdryouttheland.Theyalsoheatuptheatmosphere,whichmeanscloudsholdmoremoisture(水汽)forlongerperiodsoftime.Sodroughtsgetworse,givingwaytofires,thentoheavyrainsthatthelandistoodrytotakein.ManyAustraliansindisasterareascomplainthattheirgovernment,afterpayinglittleattentiontoclimatechangeforyears,hasnotyettodrawuprecoveryplansthatareclearandthattakefuturerisksintoconsideration.Atthesametime,theeconomiccostsofachangingclimatearerisingquickly.PhilipLowe,thegovernoroftheReserveBankofAustralia,warnedrecentlythatAustraliawasalreadypayingaprice,andthatitwouldonlygoup.9．PeterRuprechtismentionedinthebeginningto______.A．toarousereaders’pity B．tointroducethetopicC．tostresstheproblem D．tocallonreaderstohelp10．Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“vicious”inParagraph2?A．Graceful. B．Balanced. C．Responsible. D．Cruel.11．Whatisthemaincauseof“compoundextremes”inAustralia?A．Governmentinaction. B．Warmertemperature.C．Theshortageofmoney. D．Norecoveryplans.12．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Aguidebook. B．Atraveljournal.C．Anewsreport. D．Abookreview.【答案】9．B10．D11．B12．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了澳大利亞一系列極端氣候?yàn)?zāi)害，包括它的成因，災(zāi)害及造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本等。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Standingontheruinsafterthefirewherehishousehadbeen,PeterRuprechtrecognizedthathewasnotsurehoworwhentorebuild.HewasstillshockedbywhatAustralia’sincreasinglychangeableclimatehadalreadydelivered:firstadrought,thenadestructivebushfire,thenafootofrainfromastorm.(PeterRuprecht的房子著火后，他站在廢墟上承認(rèn)，他不知道如何或何時(shí)進(jìn)行重建。澳大利亞日益變化的氣候已經(jīng)造成了這樣的后果，他仍然感到震驚：先是干旱，然后是毀滅性的叢林大火，接著是一英尺的暴風(fēng)雨)”可知，關(guān)于PeterRuprecht站在災(zāi)難后的廢墟上以及說的話都是為了引出話題：澳大利亞的氣候?yàn)?zāi)難。故選B。10．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“WespeakaboutthewarmthofMotherNature,butnaturecanalsobeviciousandwildandunforgiving.(我們談?wù)摰氖谴笞匀坏臏嘏笞匀灰部赡苁莢icious、野蠻和無情的)”可知，大自然也可能是殘忍、狂野和無情的，vicious意思是“殘酷的，野蠻的”。A.Graceful優(yōu)雅的；B.Balanced平衡的；C.Responsible負(fù)責(zé)的；D.Cruel殘忍的。故選D。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Warmertemperaturesdomorethanjustdryouttheland.Theyalsoheatuptheatmosphere,whichmeanscloudsholdmoremoisture(水汽)forlongerperiodsoftime.Sodroughtsgetworse,givingwaytofires,thentoheavyrainsthatthelandistoodrytotakein.(氣溫升高不僅僅使土地干涸。它們還會(huì)加熱大氣，這意味著云在更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)保持更多的水分。因此，干旱變得更加嚴(yán)重，引發(fā)火災(zāi)，然后是土地太干燥而無法吸收的大雨。)”可知，是溫度升高導(dǎo)致了復(fù)合極端情況。故選B。12．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Standingontheruinsafterthefirewherehishousehadbeen,PeterRuprechtrecognizedthathewasnotsurehoworwhentorebuild.HewasstillshockedbywhatAustralia’sincreasinglychangeableclimatehadalreadydelivered:firstadrought,thenadestructivebushfire,thenafootofrainfromastorm.(PeterRuprecht的房子著火后，他站在廢墟上承認(rèn)，他不知道如何或何時(shí)進(jìn)行重建。澳大利亞日益變化的氣候已經(jīng)造成了這樣的后果，他仍然感到震驚：先是干旱，然后是毀滅性的叢林大火，接著是一英尺的暴風(fēng)雨)”和第三段“Australia’shellish(地獄的)fireseasonhascometoanend,butitspeoplearefacingmorethanasingledisaster.Withfloodsdestroyinghomesnotfarfromwherefiresrecentlyspread,theyarefacingacycleofwhatscientistscall“compoundextremes”:oneclimatedisasterstrengtheningthenext.(澳大利亞地獄般的火災(zāi)季節(jié)已經(jīng)結(jié)束，但其人民面臨的不僅僅是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。洪水摧毀了離最近大火蔓延的地方不遠(yuǎn)的房屋，他們正面臨著科學(xué)家所謂的“復(fù)合極端情況”循環(huán)：一場(chǎng)氣候?yàn)?zāi)難加劇了另一場(chǎng)氣候?yàn)?zāi)難。)”可知，全文描述了澳大利亞的極端氣候?yàn)?zāi)難，它的成因，危害以及造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本等，屬于實(shí)時(shí)報(bào)道。所以，該文章應(yīng)出自一篇新聞報(bào)道。故選C。Passage04（24-25高一上·北京西城·期中）TerryFoxneverthoughthe’dlivearemarkablelife.Helikedsports,butnoonethoughthewastalented.Duringhisfirstyearintheuniversity,hehadapaininhisrightknee,whichwassobadthathecouldn’tstandup.Hewenttothedoctorfortests.Theyshowedthathehadcancer.Hewasgoingtolosehislegandbegivenanartificialone.Terry’sfamilyandfriendsallgavehimfantasticsupport.Terrysaidthatheknewallthosepeoplereallycaredandhelpedhim.Hedecidedtofaceitwithbravery.OnenightTerrywaslookingthroughanarticleaboutDickTraum,whoalsohadanartificiallegandhadrunintheNewYorkMarathon.“Ifhecandoit,”thoughtTerry,“Ican,too.Infact,I’llrunacrossCanadaandraisemoneyforcancerresearch.ItwillbeaMarathonofHope!”Forthenext16months,Terryhadspecialtreatmentsforhiscancer.Andthenhealsobegantorunalittleeveryday.Eachdayheranalittlefarther.Itis5,300milesacrossCanada.Terryhopedtorunthirtytofortymilesadaysothatitwouldtakehimsixmonths.Mostofall,hehopedtoraise$1millionforcancerresearch.BecauseTerryhadanartificialleg,runningwasn’teasyorstraightforward.Hehadtomovebyjumpingononefoottwiceandthentakealongstepwithhisrealleg.Althoughitlookedawkward,hestillkeptonrunning.Hisactionmadepeoplejoinhimasheran:children,footballstars,wheelchairathletesandevenhisbrother,Darrell.AsTerryran,peoplewavedandcheered.Somuchmoneywasdonatedthatthevolunteersusedlargegarbagebagssoeveryonecouldgive.Then,outsideThunderBay,Ontario,Terryfeltasharppaininhischest.Thepainwasfromcancer;thistimeinhislungs.HehadtoabandontheMarathonafter3,339miles.Hetoldthepeoplebeforeheleft,“Iwon’tgiveup.Ijusthopepeoplewillcontinuetogivemoney.”Andtheydid.Justunder$25millionwasgiven.Terryreceivednumerousawards.At22,hewastheyoungestCanadiantoeverreceiveCanada’shighestaward,theCompanionoftheOrderofCanada.13．WhatmadeTerrydecidetorunacrossCanada?A．HispassionforMarathon.B．Adesiretoliveanormallife.C．Thesupportofhisfamilyandfriends.D．TheexcitingexperienceofDickTraum.14．PeoplejoinedhimwhenheranmainlybecauseA．theyweremovedbythesceneofTerry’srunningB．theyserveaasvolunteersinthemarathonC．theyconsideredTerryasagreatheroD．theylovedrunningverymuch15．Whydidhefinallystopthemarathon?A．Hecollectedenoughmoneyforthedonation.B．Hisfamilyandfriendspersuadedhimtoabandonit.C．Hegotgreatpaininhisbodybecauseofthecancer.D．Runningwiththeartificiallegwasn’tstraightforward.16．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTerry?A．Generous. B．Independent. C．Determined. D．Creative.【答案】13．D14．A15．C16．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是TerryFox的故事。他從未想過他會(huì)過上非同尋常的生活。雖然他喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，但沒有人認(rèn)為他有天賦。然而，Terry的特殊之處在于他的決心。在患上癌癥并裝上假肢后，他決定面對(duì)疾病。他被認(rèn)為是他人生各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的贏家。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“OnenightTerrywaslookingthroughanarticleaboutDickTraum,whoalsohadanartificiallegandhadrunintheNewYorkMarathon.“Ifhecandoit,”thoughtTerry,“Ican,too.Infact,I’llrunacrossCanadaandraisemoneyforcancerresearch.ItwillbeaMarathonofHope!”(有一天晚上，Terry在閱讀一篇關(guān)于DickTraum的文章，他也是一個(gè)假肢患者，曾參加過紐約馬拉松比賽。Terry想：“如果他能做到，我也能做到。事實(shí)上，我要跑遍加拿大，為癌癥研究籌款。這將是一場(chǎng)希望的馬拉松！”)”可知，Terry在閱讀了一篇關(guān)于DickTraum的文章后，決定也要像DickTraum一樣橫穿加拿大并為癌癥研究籌集資金。DickTraum也有一條假肢，并且參加過紐約馬拉松。因此，是DickTraum的激動(dòng)人心的經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了Terry的決定。故選D。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Althoughitlookedawkward,hestillkeptonrunning.Hisactionmadepeoplejoinhimashe.ran:children,footballstars,wheelchairathletesandevenhisbrother,Darrell.AsTerryran,peoplewavedandcheered.Somuchmoneywasdonatedthatthevolunteersusedlargegarbagebagssoeveryonecouldgive.(雖然看起來很尷尬，但他還是繼續(xù)跑。他的行動(dòng)使人們和他一樣加入他的行列。孩子、足球明星、輪椅運(yùn)動(dòng)員，甚至還有他的兄弟Darrell。Terry跑的時(shí)候，人們揮手歡呼。捐款如此之多，以至于志愿者們使用了大垃圾袋，這樣每個(gè)人都可以捐款。)”可知，Terry用一條假肢跑步看起來很奇怪，但他仍然堅(jiān)持跑。他的行動(dòng)感動(dòng)了人們，讓他們加入他一起跑，包括孩子、足球明星、輪椅運(yùn)動(dòng)員甚至他的兄弟Darrell。因此，人們加入他主要是被Terry跑步的場(chǎng)景所感動(dòng)。故選A。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“Then,outsideThunderBay,Ontario,Terryfeltasharppaininhischest.Thepainwasfromcancer;thistimeinhislungs.HehadtoabandontheMarathonafter3.339miles.(然后，在安大略省的桑德貝城外，Terry感到胸口一陣劇痛。疼痛來自癌癥；這次是在他的肺部。跑完3339英里后，他不得不放棄馬拉松比賽。)”可知，Terry在安大略省桑德貝市外面感到胸部劇痛，這是因?yàn)樗尾康陌┌Y導(dǎo)致的。因此，他不得不在跑了3339英里后放棄了馬拉松。所以，他最終停止馬拉松是因?yàn)榘┌Y導(dǎo)致的身體劇痛。故選C。16．推理判斷題。通讀全文，Terry在得知自己患有癌癥并需要截肢后，決定勇敢地面對(duì)它，并決定橫穿加拿大為癌癥研究籌集資金。盡管過程中面臨諸多困難，包括使用假肢跑步的不便和身體上的疼痛，但他仍然堅(jiān)持下來，并激勵(lì)了無數(shù)人。因此，最能描述特里的詞是C選項(xiàng)“Determined(堅(jiān)定的)”。故選C。Passage05（24-25高一上·江西景德鎮(zhèn)·期中）Angus,Doris,GabrielandKamilaresomeofthe21namesthathavebeenchosentobegiventostormsintheUKinthe2016/17season.TheMetOffice,theUK’snationalweatherservice,decidedtogivestormsboys’andgirls’namesin2015inthesamewayastheydidinAmerica.TheMetOfficehopesthatnamingbigstormswillmeanpeoplearemoreaware(意識(shí)到)ofthemandhowdangeroustheycanbe.DerrickRyall,fromtheMetOffice,said,“Wehaveseenhownamingstormselsewhereintheworldraisespeople’sawarenessofstormsbeforetheybreak.”Inthepast,thesameUKstormcouldbegivendifferentnamesbydifferentorganizations.“Wenoticedthatmanyorganizationsduringthelastcoupleofwinters,whenwehavehadbadstorms,startedgivingnamestothem.ThinkbacktotheStJude’sDaystormin2013,andtheso-calledHurricaneBawbaginScotlandin2011.Butitledtoconfusion(混亂),”aMetOfficespokeswomansaid.AccordingtotheMetOffice,thereisanameforeachletterofthewholealphabet(字母表),exceptforQ,U,X,YandZ.ThatisthesameasthenamingtraditionusedinAmerica.Andnotallstormswillbebigenoughtogetnames—onlythoseexpectedtocausegreatdamage.Iftherearemorethan21stormsinayear,theMetOfficewillstartagainwithanothernamebeginningwith“A”.However,accordingtoMetOfficespokeswomanLindsayMears,“It’sunlikelywewouldgetthroughthewholealphabetinoneseason.Wehad14stormsintheverybadwinterof2013/14,andifthenamingsystemhadbeeninoperationthenwewouldn’thaveusedthewholealphabet.”17．WhyarestormsintheUKnamed?A．Toremindpeopleoftheirshortstay. B．Toincreasepublicawarenessofthem.C．Tofollowwhatothercountriesdid. D．Tomeettheneedsofitspeople.18．ExamplesaregiveninParagraph4toshow______.A．there’remanystormstonameinayearB．somestorms’namesaresimilartoothers’C．somestorms’namesarehardtounderstandD．organizationsnamedstormsdifferently19．Whatdoweknowaboutthenamesgiventostorms?A．21letterswillbeusedtobeginthenames.B．Stormswillbegivennameswhatevertheirsizes.C．Seriousstormswillbegivenboys’names.D．21nameswillbegivenatmostinayear.20．WhatcanbelearnedfromLindsayMears?A．Therearenottoomanybigstormseachyear.B．Actionwillbetakentopreventstorms.C．Thereareusually14stormsinayear.D．Thenamingsystemwillnotchange.【答案】17．B18．D19．A20．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國(guó)給大的暴風(fēng)雨命名的原因。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“TheMetOfficehopesthatnamingbigstormswillmeanpeoplearemoreawareofthemandhowdangeroustheycanbe.(英國(guó)氣象局希望給大風(fēng)暴命名能讓人們更加意識(shí)到它們的危險(xiǎn)性。)”可知，英國(guó)的風(fēng)暴被命名是為了提高公眾對(duì)它們的認(rèn)識(shí)。故選B。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Inthepast,thesameUKstormcouldbegivendifferentnamesbydifferentorganizations.(在過去，同一場(chǎng)英國(guó)風(fēng)暴可能會(huì)被不同的組織命名。)”可知，不同組織對(duì)風(fēng)暴的命名不同。故選D。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“AccordingtotheMetOffice,thereisanameforeachletterofthewholealphabet,exceptforQ,U,X,YandZ.(根據(jù)英國(guó)氣象局的說法，除了Q、U、X、Y和Z，整個(gè)字母表中的每個(gè)字母都有一個(gè)名字。)”可知，26個(gè)字母除掉5個(gè)字母，剩下21個(gè)字母用來命名。故選A。20．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“However,accordingtoMetOfficespokeswomanLindsayMears,It’sunlikelywewouldgetthroughthewholealphabetinoneseason.(然而，英國(guó)氣象局發(fā)言人林賽·米爾斯表示：我們不太可能在一季內(nèi)完成整個(gè)字母表。)”可知，21個(gè)字母不太可能在一年內(nèi)用完，即每年不會(huì)有很多大風(fēng)暴雨。故選A。Passage06（24-25高一上·江西·期中）ScientistsfromFudanUniversityhavereachedabreakthroughincreatingadevice(裝置)thatcouldenablepeoplelyingonthebedtowalkagain.Usingthenewdevice,peoplewhoaredisabledcouldgaincontrolofthemusclesintheirlegsandwalkagain.Thespinalcord(脊髓)functionsasahigh-speedsystemconnectingthebrainandthesurroundingnervesystem.Ifthespinalcordisdamaged,theinstructionsfromthebraintellingmusclestomovecan’tbetransported.Andpatientswillpossiblylosetheabilitytomove.Nerveinjuryisimpossibletochangeforthebetter.Thereare3.74millionpatientswithspinalcordinjuriesinChina,andthereareabout90,000newpatientsinthecountryeachyear.Sothenewdevicewillmeanalotifitisusedinhospitals.Lastyear,aresearchteamfromtheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologyinLausannecarriedoutbrain-spinalconnectionresearchondisabledpatients.Bycollectingandfiguringoutbrainsignalsandconnectingthebrainandspinalcordnervepathways,theteamwasabletohelpthepatientswithspinalcordinjuriesgaincontroloftheirmusclesagain.However,challengeswereinfrontofresearchers,includingunderstandingtheexactactivityinthebrainandencouragingclinical(臨床的)application.Inresponsetotheseproblems,Fudanresearchersinventedanewgenerationofdevice.ComparedwiththeSwissteam’sresearch,whichrequiredpatientstohavethreedevicesintheirbrain,Fudanresearchteamcombinedthethreedevicesintoasingleone.Besides,thenewdeviceallowsthebrain-spinalconnectiontobeexactandfast.Moreover,thenewdevicemakesadjustmentsaccordingtoapatient’smovementsoftheirlegs.Asaresult,patientswillwalknormallylikehealthypeople.Suchadevicemeansthatinthefuture,thepatientswithspinalcordinjurieswillwalkmorenaturallyandsmoothly.JiaFumin,theleadresearcher,saidthatclinicaltrialsareexpectedtobeginatahospitallaterthisyear.21．What’stheresultofthedamagedspinalcord?A．Thebrainstopsgivinginstructions. B．Patientsenduplosingtheirbalance.C．Themovementsignalsfailtobereceived. D．Musclesconnectwiththebrainsdirectly.22．WhatisoneofthedifficultiesfortheSwissteam?A．Helpingpatientscontrolmuscles. B．Lackingfundtosupporttheresearch.C．Collectingandprocessingbrainsignals. D．Understandingtheexactbrainactivity.23．Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewdevice?A．Itismadeupofthreeparts. B．Ithasbeenusedinhospitals.C．Itspeedspatients’movement. D．Itmakespatients’naturalwalkingpossible.24．What’sJiaFumin’sattitudetothenewdevice?A．Positive. B．Curious. C．Uncertain. D．Worried.【答案】21．C22．D23．D24．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹復(fù)旦大學(xué)的科學(xué)家發(fā)明的一個(gè)新設(shè)備。這種設(shè)備有望讓那些因?yàn)榧顾钃p傷而臥床的病人重新站立和行走。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifthespinalcordisdamaged,theinstructionsfromthebraintellingmusclesto

movecan’tbetransported.(如果脊髓受損，大腦告訴肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)的指令就無法傳遞。)”可知，脊髓損傷的結(jié)果是身體（肌肉）移動(dòng)的信號(hào)不能被接收。故選C。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“However,challengeswereinfrontofresearchers,includingunderstandingtheexactactivityinthebrainandencouragingclinical(臨床的)application.(然而，研究人員面臨的挑戰(zhàn)包括了解大腦的確切活動(dòng)和鼓勵(lì)臨床應(yīng)用。)”可知，瑞士的研究人員面臨的困難之一是需要了解大腦的具體活動(dòng)。故選D。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Asaresult,patientswillwalknormallylikehealthypeople.(因此，患者將像健康人一樣正常行走。)”可知，使用這種新設(shè)備的病人將像健康的人那樣正常走路。故選D。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Suchadevicemeansthatinthefuture,thepatientswithspinalcordinjurieswillwalkmorenaturallyandsmoothly.JiaFumin,theleadresearcher,saidthatclinicaltrialsareexpectedtobeginatahospitallaterthisyear.(這樣的裝置意味著在未來，脊髓損傷的患者將會(huì)更加自然和平穩(wěn)地行走。首席研究員加福民表示，臨床試驗(yàn)預(yù)計(jì)將于今年晚些時(shí)候在一家醫(yī)院開始。)”可知，在未來，患有脊髓損傷的病人將行走得更自然和順暢，該設(shè)備有望在醫(yī)院里開始臨床試驗(yàn)，所以可以推測(cè)JiaFumin對(duì)這種設(shè)備的態(tài)度是積極的。故選A。Passage07（24-25高一上·山東濟(jì)南·期中）Thestudentarrivedearly,satfrontandcenter,andstoodoutinmyclassroominmorewaysthanone.I’dsaythathewasabout40yearsolderthanhisclassmatesinmyundergraduatecommunicationsclass.Hehungrilyjumpedintoclassdiscussions,withhishumorandwisdomofexperience.Andhewasalwaysrespectfuloftheotherstudents’perspectives,asifeachofthemwereateacher.JerryValenciawalkedinwithasmile—andheleftwithonetoo.“ThesestudentsgavemetheconfidencethatIdidn’tneedtofeelbadaboutmyage,”Valenciasays.OnedayIspottedValenciaoncampus.Hesaidhewouldhavetostoptakingclassesthatsemesterandreapplyfornextyear.Bythen,hehopedtohaveearnedenoughmoneyandhavehisstudent-loanpapersinorder.Heaskedseriouslywhetherhecouldstillsitinonmycommunicationsclass.Sure,Isaid.Buthewouldn’tgetanycredit.Noproblem,hesaid.Soontherehewasagain,backathisolddesk,jumpingintoourdiscussionsonhowtofindandtellstoriesinLosAngeles—a63-year-oldmanwithasmuchenergyandcuriosityasanyoftheyoungstersinclass.AlotofValencia’sclassmatesapparentlyknewhecouldn’taffordthatsemester’stuitionbutwasstilldoingthehomework.“Hereheis,willinglytakingaclassforthedelightofitandbenefitoflearning,”saysJessicaEspinosa,a25-year-oldjunior.Afterward,IoverheardValenciawantedtostayinschooluntilheearnedamaster’sdegree,butithadtakenhim12yearstofinishcommunitycollege,sohehadalongwaytogo.ThereissomethingsplendidlyunreasonableaboutValencia’sdeterminationtogetafour-yeardegreeandthenamaster’s.Athiscurrentpace,he’llbe90whenhefinallyhangsallthatpaperonthewall.Butthatdoesn’tseemespeciallyrelevant.He’sfoundalltheyouthfulenergyandacademicopportunitystimulating(振奮人心的).Valencia’sgradeinmyclassthissemesterwillnotshowuponhistranscripts(成績(jī)單).ButI’mgivinghimanA—andinthemostimportantways,itcounts.25．WhatmadeValenciadifferentfromhisclassmates?A．Hewasrespectfultotheteacher.B．Heactivatedtheclassatmosphere.C．Hewasanxioustolearndespitehisage.D．Heoftenputforwarddifferentopinions.26．Accord