04 人類非遺代表古琴-2023年英語熱點材料題型專練

04人類非遺代表古琴2023年英語熱點材料題型專練感悟非遺·古琴制作技藝古琴是中國傳統(tǒng)樂器中最古老、最有代表性的樂器之一，至今已有3000多年的歷史。古琴要經(jīng)由選料、上漆、調(diào)音等100多道工序制作而成，一把上好的古琴需要兩三年才能制作完成。2003年，古琴藝術(shù)被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入人類口頭和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)代表作名錄。新華社發(fā)（羅星漢攝）人類非遺代表古琴熱點專題題型專練篇目內(nèi)容篇目內(nèi)容備注完形填空闡述了我們的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)——古琴的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。閱讀理解A介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)獨奏樂器——古琴22·遼寧鐵嶺·模擬預測閱讀理解B講述了一位古琴愛好者楊嵐先生接觸古琴并學習古琴技藝的事跡。22·江蘇常州·二模閱讀理解C講述了俞伯牙和鐘子期的故事，詳細地介紹了兩個人相見恨晚，成為知音的一段故事。21·安徽·淮北市模擬閱讀理解D介紹了被聯(lián)合國教科文組織確定為世界文化遺產(chǎn)之一的洪村，介紹了它美麗的景色以及文化藝術(shù)等。21·鄂爾多斯·中考真題閱讀理解E介紹了中國的七弦古琴，包括它的來歷，彈琴的環(huán)境氛圍以及現(xiàn)在的狀況。21·四川南充·中考真題閱讀判斷講述了戰(zhàn)國時期俞伯牙和鐘子期的感人故事22·四川成都·二模閱讀填表B中國七弦琴—又稱古琴。與圍棋、書法和繪畫齊名。最早出現(xiàn)在3000多年前，代表了中國獨奏樂器的傳統(tǒng)19·江蘇·中考真題多任務(wù)混合閱讀A介紹了中國的七弦琴，包括它的來歷，演奏氛圍，曲目和現(xiàn)在的狀況多任務(wù)混合閱讀B介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)獨奏樂器——古琴閱讀還原本文主要講的是俞伯牙和鐘子期的故事21·山東泰安·中考真題短文首字母填空介紹了中國古琴的歷史發(fā)展和文化短文綜合填空介紹一種有1000年歷史的唐代樂器——古琴22·福建·模擬預測一、完形填空OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheguqin.Itisoneofthefour____1____—alongwithgo(圍棋),calligraphy(書法)andpainting.Itfirst____2____over3,000yearsagoandstandsforChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguqinhadonlyfivestrings(弦),meaningthefiveelements(元素)ofmetal,wood,water,____3____andearth.LaterinZhouDynasty,KingWenofZhou____4____asixthstringforhisson.KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstring.____5____hispurposeismainlytoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.Ambience(氣氛)wasimportantinplayingthegugin.Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublic____6____.Ancient____7____enjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.The____8____oftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes(回音)fromthemountainsuntilthemusicianfelthewasatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoan____9____activityforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also,a_____10_____withmoonlightwasconsideredwonderfulforplayingtheguqin.WangWei(701-761),a_____11_____talentedmanintheTangDynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guginpiecesareusuallythreetoeight_____12_____long,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.Other_____13_____piecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNormadFlute.Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqin_____14_____andperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreduced_____15_____onlyonehundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity(人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))in2003.1．A．things B．inventions C．a(chǎn)rts D．places2．A．found B．a(chǎn)ppeared C．missed D．created3．A．fire B．bamboo C．paper D．silver4．A．bought B．a(chǎn)dded C．drew D．made5．A．Or B．But C．If D．So6．A．conversation B．discussion C．performance D．protection7．A．a(chǎn)rtists B．teachers C．pupils D．persons8．A．color B．sound C．size D．light9．A．expensive B．interesting C．important D．enjoyable10．A．day B．morning C．night D．moment11．A．highly B．deeply C．secretly D．quickly12．A．hours B．minutes C．seconds D．weeks13．A．useful B．meaningful C．famous D．helpful14．A．players B．professors C．engineers D．a(chǎn)ctors15．A．to B．with C．for D．of【短文大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章向我們闡述了我們的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)——古琴的相關(guān)內(nèi)容?！敬鸢附馕觥?．【答案】C【解析】句意：它和圍棋，書法及畫畫分別是四大藝術(shù)形式之一。things東西；inventions發(fā)明；arts藝術(shù)；places地方。根據(jù)“go,calligraphyandpainting”可知應(yīng)是藝術(shù)之一，故選C。2．【答案】B【解析】句意：它首先出現(xiàn)在3000多年前并且代表著中國的獨奏樂器傳統(tǒng)。found發(fā)現(xiàn)；appeared出現(xiàn)；missed錯過；created創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)“Itfirst...over3,000yearsagoandstandsforChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.”結(jié)合備選詞匯應(yīng)是首先出現(xiàn)，故選B。3．【答案】A【解析】句意：首先，古琴僅有五根弦，意為金，木，水，火和土。fire火；bamboo竹子；paper紙；silver銀。根據(jù)“metal,wood,water”和“earth”可知是五行缺火，故選A。4．【答案】B【解析】句意：后來在周朝，周文王為他的兒子加了一個第六弦。bought買；added加；drew畫；made制作。根據(jù)上題可知古琴原有五弦，此處應(yīng)是加了一弦，故選B。5．【答案】B【解析】句意：但是他的目的主要是為了鼓勵他的軍隊和商朝戰(zhàn)斗。Or或者；But但是；If如果；So所以。前后語境是表轉(zhuǎn)折，即改造六弦琴并不是藝術(shù)目的，而是為了打仗，故選B。6．【答案】C【解析】句意：通常，它被在一個安靜的環(huán)境中練習而從不是為公眾的表演。conversation對話；discussion討論；performance表演；protection保護。根據(jù)“public”可知應(yīng)是公眾表演，故選C。7．【答案】A【解析】句意：古代的藝術(shù)家喜歡在山里的溪水旁演奏。artists藝術(shù)家；teachers老師；pupils學生；persons人。根據(jù)“musician”可知應(yīng)是藝術(shù)家，故選A。8．【答案】B【解析】句意：古琴的聲音與來自于叢山的回音混合直到音樂家感覺他與大自然融為一體。color顏色；sound聲音；size尺寸；light光。根據(jù)“theechoesfromthemountains”可知應(yīng)是琴音，故選B。9．【答案】D【解析】句意：對于相信古琴是世界上最純潔的樂器的古代藝術(shù)家來說，在雪里彈古琴也是一個愉悅的活動。expensive貴的；interesting有趣的；important重要的；enjoyable愉悅的。根據(jù)“whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld”可知這些藝術(shù)家應(yīng)是追求精神上的愉悅，故選D。10．【答案】C【解析】句意：而且，對于彈奏古琴，一個月光皎潔的晚上被認為是精彩的。day天；morning早晨；night晚上；moment片刻。根據(jù)“withmoonlight”可知應(yīng)是晚上，故選C。11．【答案】A【解析】句意：王維，一個唐朝非常有才能的人，最喜歡在月夜的竹林里彈古琴。highly非常；deeply深地；secretly秘密地；quickly快地。根據(jù)“WangWei”可知王維是大才之人，故選A。12．【答案】B【解析】句意：古琴曲子通常三到八分鐘長。hours小時；minutes分鐘；seconds秒；weeks周。根據(jù)“withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.”可知應(yīng)用分鐘計量，故選B。13．【答案】C【解析】句意：其它著名的曲子包括《梅花三弄》《平沙落雁》和《胡笳十八拍》。useful有用的；meaningful有意義的；famous著名的；helpful有幫助的。根據(jù)“PlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNormadFlute.”可知是名曲，故選C。14．【答案】A【解析】句意：現(xiàn)如今，有不到一百個訓練有素的古琴演奏者和也許不超過五十個當代大師。players演奏者；professors教授；engineers工程師；actors演員。根據(jù)“Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqin”可知是指演奏者。故選A。15．【答案】A解析】句意：起初幾千首曲子的數(shù)量已銳減到今天的僅僅一百曲作品。to到；with和；for為了；of表所屬。reduceto“減少到”符合語境，故選A。二、閱讀單選A（2022·遼寧鐵嶺·模擬預測）Haveyouastonishedbytheamazingdance“TheJourneyofaLegendaryLandscapePainting”（《只此青綠》）ontheChineseSpringFestivalGala.Alongwithitsperfectperformance,thebackgroundmusicwhichwasplayedbytheancientinstrument—Qinwasalsoahighlight.OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheChineseseven-stringzither（弦）,alsoknownastheguqin,oneofthefourarts—alongwithgo,calligraphyandpainting.Itfirstappearedover3,000yearsagoandrepresentsChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguqinhadonlyfivestrings,representingthefiveelementsofmetal,wood,water,fireandearth.Later,intheZhoudynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson.KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.AmbiencewasimportantinplayingtheChinesezither.Usually,itwaspracticedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance.Ancientartistsenjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.Thesoundoftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes（回音）fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfoundhimselfatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoafavoritepastimeforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also,anightwithmoonlightwasconsideredideal（理想的）forplayingtheguqin.WangWei（701—761）,ahighlytalentedmanoftheTangdynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guqinpiecesareusuallyaroundthreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.OtherfamouspiecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements（《梅花三弄》）,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbank（《平沙落雁》）andEighteenSongsofaNomadFlute（《胡笳十八拍》）.Now,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqinplayersandperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreducedtoonlyahundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity（人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)）in2003.1．Today,theguqinhas_________strings.A．four B．five C．six D．seven2．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“Ambience”inparagraph3?A．演奏技巧 B．環(huán)境氛圍 C．天氣狀況 D．彈奏曲目3．Accordingtothepassage,playingtheguqin_________isarightchoice.A．a(chǎn)taquietrestaurant B．a(chǎn)tawelcomepartyC．inapeacefulyardwithflowers D．onadarknightwithrainstorm4．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Theguqinhasahistoryoflessthan3000years.B．Thestringsmeanmetal,wood,water,fireandstone.C．ThelongestguqinpieceisGuanglingVerse.D．Theguqinisverypopularandmanypeoplecanplayit.5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theguqinanditsmusic. B．Theguqinanditsplayers.C．FourChinesetraditionalarts. D．Thedevelopmentofguqinmusic.【短文大意】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)獨奏樂器——古琴。【答案解析】1．【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheChineseseven-stringzither”可知，古琴有七個弦，故選D。2．【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Usually,itwaspracticedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance”可知，在安全的環(huán)境里練習，所以這是指環(huán)境氛圍，故選B。3．【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Usually,itwaspracticedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance”可知，是在安靜的環(huán)境中進行的，不在公開場合表演，故選C。4．【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Guqinpiecesareusuallyaroundthreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong”可知，最長的是廣陵詩，故選C。5．【答案】A【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)獨奏樂器——古琴，故選A。B（2022·江蘇常州·二模）Aftertakingariskbydroppingoutofschoolattheageof16,twodecadeslater,YangLanhaslivedacomfortablelifebyplaying,teachingandmakingguqin.WhenYangLanfirstbecameinterestedinguqin,hewas16andhedidn’treallyknowmuchaboutit.Itwas2003andapoetic（充滿詩情畫意的）sceneinafilmattractedhim.Guqinhasexisted（存在）forover3,000years.InthesameyearthatYangdevelopedaninterestinit,guqinmusicwasseenasanintangibleheritage（非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)）ofhumanitybyUNESCO.Yanggottoknowstoriesrelatedtotheinstrument.Theboywasfurtherattractedbytheculturalconnotations（內(nèi)涵）oftheancientinstrument,thoughheadmitstheattractionismoreaboutimagination,insteadoftheinstrumentitself.Buttheimaginationreallybuiltarelationshipbetweenhimandguqin.Afteryearsofexploration,hefinallymakesalivingbyplayingandmakingguqin,andhehasjustpublishedabookabouthisexperiencewiththeinstrument.At16,shortlyafterhisepiphany（頓悟）,Yangdecidedtodropoutofschoolandpursueamusiccareer.HetoldhisparentshewouldgotoBeijingandbecomearockmusician.But,actuallyhewantedtomovetoShaolinTempletolearnguqin.Hisparentstriedtopreventhimquittingschool,buttheyfailed.Intheautumnoftheyear,Yanglefthome.“Youdon’tconsidertheresultsofyourdecisionsat16.Iwassimplyattractedbysomethinganddrawntostartajourneytofindit.”saysYang.Afternearly20years,Yang,now35,sayshedoesnotregrethischoiceashehassatisfiedwithhiscurrentlife,but,sometimes,hefeelscuriousabouthowhislifewouldhaveturnedoutifhehadtakenanotherpath.1．Canyouguessthemeaningof

“dropoutofschool”accordingtothepassage?A．gotofurtherstudy B．leaveschool C．pickanotherschool D．gotoschoolafterarest2．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．YangLan’sparentssupportedhisideas.B．YangLanwantedtogotoBeijingtolearnguqin.C．Guqinmusicbecameanintangibleheritageofhumanity35yearsago.D．Guqinhasahistoryofmorethan3000years.3．Wherecanweseethispassage?A．Asciencebook B．Anovel C．Newspapers D．Astorybook【短文大意】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了一位古琴愛好者楊嵐先生接觸古琴并學習古琴技藝的事跡?！敬鸢附馕觥?．【答案】B【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第五段“At16,shortlyafterhisepiphany（頓悟）,Yangdecidedtodropoutofschoolandpursueamusiccareer.”可知他16歲的時候應(yīng)是還在求學期間，但他毅然放棄學業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)而追求把音樂當成一種職業(yè)，因此dropoutofschool應(yīng)是指“輟學”，即leaveschool。故選B。2．【答案】D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Guqinhasexisted（存在）forover3,000years.”可知古琴已經(jīng)存在超過3000年了，換句話說，古琴有著3000多年的歷史。故選D。3．【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。全文講述的是楊嵐先生在他16歲的時候接觸古琴后開始刻苦鉆研學習古琴技藝的人物故事，因此這篇文章的出處很可能是報紙。故選C。C（2021·安徽·淮北市模擬）DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,therelivedagreatmusiciannamedYuBoya.Heplayedguqinverywell.Manypeopleenjoyedhismusic.ZhongZiqiwasoneofthem.Oneday,Boyacamebackfromatriptothemountains.Heplayedguqintoexpresshisloveforthemountains.ZhongZiqistoodbesideBoyaashewasplayingguqin.Zhongsaid,“Howbeautifullyyou’replayingguqin!WhenIlistentoyouplayingguqin,Icanalmostseethemountainsinfrontofmyeyes.”BoyawaspleasedtohearZhong’swords.Thenheplayedanotherpiece.Zhongcheeredagain,“Whatabeautifulpieceitis!Iseemtoimaginehundredsofboatsaresailingdown(順流而下)bigrivers.”BoyawassurprisedatZhong'scomments(評價).HedecidedtoplaymorepiecesforZhong.Wheneverheplayedanewpiece,ZhongcouldtellwhatBoyawasthinkingabout.Afterthat,theybecameclosefriendsbecauseonlyZhongunderstoodwhatthemusicmeant,AfterZhong’sdeath.Boyawassosadthathebrokehisguqinanddecidednevertoplayitagain.Fromthestory,wecanlearnalessonfromthestory.Itishardtofindatruefriend.Ifyoufindyourtruefriends,lovethemandcherish(珍惜)realfriendships.1．WhowasYuBoya?A．HewasaZhongZiqi’sguginteacher.B．HewasamusicianduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.C．Hewasamountainclimbinglover.D．Helikedtoplayguqinduringthetriptothemountains.2．WhydidBoyabreakhisguqinafterZhongdied?A．Becausehewastoooldtoplayguqinanymore.B．Becausehemadeanothertruefriendthatwashelpful.C．Becausehelostthefriendthatunderstoodhismindmost.D．Becausehewasinterestedinotherinstruments.3．Whatdidthewriterwanttotellusthroughthestory?A．Goodfriendsshouldhelpeachother.B．It’seasytofindfriendsthroughmusic.C．Realfriendshipsshouldbecareddeeply.D．Goodfriendsshouldbelikeamirror.【短文大意】短文講述了俞伯牙和鐘子期的故事，詳細地介紹了兩個人相見恨晚，成為知音的一段故事?！敬鸢附馕觥?．【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod，therelivedagreatmusiciannamedYuBoya.”可知俞伯牙是春秋時期的一位音樂家。故選B。2．【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Afterthat，theybecameclosefriendsbecauseonlyZhongunderstoodwhatthemusicmeant，AfterZhong’sdeath.Boyawassosadthathebrokehisguqinanddecidednevertoplayitagain.”可知鐘子期死后，伯牙摔壞了他的古琴，因為他失去了最了解他想法的朋友。故選C。3．【答案】C【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文中“Ifyoufindyourtruefriends，lovethemandcherish(珍惜)realfriendships.”可知作者想通過這個故事告訴我們：應(yīng)該非常珍惜真正的友誼。故選C。D（2021·內(nèi)蒙古鄂爾多斯·中考真題）Hongcun,withahistoryofabout900years,isanextremelybeautifulvillageinAnhuiProvince.LocatedunderMountHuang,thevillagehaskeptthemajorChinesestylesfromancienttimes.It’salsooneofUNESCO（聯(lián)合國教科文組織）WorldHeritageSites（世界文化遺產(chǎn)）.Wanderalongtheoldstonestreetsandlanes,andyouwillfeelliketravellingbackintime.AllthehouseswithgreyroofsandwhitewallswerebuiltduringtheMingandQingDynasties.OnthefrontgateofeachhouseholdisdottedwithredChineseknotsandlanterns.Allofthemareoutlinedagainsttheblueskyandreflectedintotheclearrivers,lakesandponds,surroundedbydarkgreenmountains.It’salivingwater-inkpicture.Stepintoateahousetotakearest.Apieceofclassicalmusic,playedbyguqin,fillsupthehouseandfloatsintoyourhearts,asifyouhearbirdssinging,pines（松）whistlingandriversflowing.Youwillbelostinaworld,fullofpeaceandpleasure.Holdingtheteacup,somelinesofpoemsonitsoutlayer（層）willcomeintoyoursight:Nodustisrisingontheroad,wetwithmorningrain,Thewillowsbythehotellooksofreshandgreen.Walkoutoftheteahouse,andgototheopen-airtheatre.Theactorswithcolouredmake-ups（臉繪）areperformingonthestageinspecialclothes.It’salocaloperacalledHuangmeiOperaanddifferentfromothers,suchasKunOpera,BeijingOperaandYueOpera.Also,youcanenjoyafeastofvarietiesofquyi:crosstalk,koujiandpingshu.IfyouwanttofeelmoreabouttheuniquecharmofHongcun,planavisittoitrightnow.1．Fromthepassage,weknowthatHongcun________.A．isanoldbeautifulvillagewithahistoryofabout600yearsB．istheonlyoneUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteinChinaC．liesunderMountHuainShaanxiProvinceD．haskeptthemajorChinesestylesfromtheMingandQingDynasties2．What’sthecorrectmeaningoftheunderlinedword“reflected”inthepassage?A．倒映 B．反射 C．襯托 D．映襯3．Inthevillageteahouse,whatelements（元素）ofChinaarementioned?①Chineseknots

②pingshu

③classicalmusic④poems

⑤HuangmeiOpera

⑥teaA．①③⑤ B．②④⑥ C．①③⑥ D．③④⑥4．ThroughthedescriptionofHongcun,thepassageshowsus________.A．theinfluenceofChineseliterature B．thebeautyofChinesecultureC．theimportanceofChinesecustoms D．thehistoryofChineseart【短文大意】文章介紹了被聯(lián)合國教科文組織確定為世界文化遺產(chǎn)之一的洪村，介紹了它美麗的景色以及文化藝術(shù)等，建議人們?nèi)⒂^?！敬鸢附馕觥?．【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AllthehouseswithgreyroofsandwhitewallswerebuiltduringtheMingandQingDynasties.”可知，洪村所有的灰色屋頂和白色墻壁的房子都建于明清時期，即保留了明清時期的中國主要風格，故選D。2．【答案】A【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Allofthemareoutlinedagainsttheblueskyandreflectedintotheclearrivers,lakesandponds”可知，所有這些都在藍天的映襯下輪廓分明，映在清澈的河流、湖泊和池塘里，所以單詞“reflected”指的是“倒映”，故選A。3．【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Stepintoateahousetotakearest.Apieceofclassicalmusic,playedbyguqin...Holdingtheteacup,somelinesofpoemsonitsoutlayer（層）willcomeintoyoursight”可知，在茶館提到了古典音樂、茶以及詩，故選D。4．【答案】B【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)“IfyouwanttofeelmoreabouttheuniquecharmofHongcun,planavisittoitrightnow.”及整個文章的理解可知，文章介紹洪村主要是為了展示中國文化之美，故選B。E（2021·四川南充·中考真題）OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheguqin,oneofthefourarts—alongwithgo,calligraphy（書法）andpainting.Itfirstappearedover3,000yearsagoandstandsforChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguqinhadonlyfivestrings（弦）,meaningthefiveelements（元素）ofmetal,wood,water,fireandearth.Later,inZhouDynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson.KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.Ambiencewasimportantinplayingtheguqin.Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance.Ancientartistsenjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.Thesoundoftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes（回音）fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfelthewasatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoanenjoyableactivityforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also,anightwithmoonlightwasconsideredwonderfulforplayingtheguqin.WangWei（701—761）,ahighlytalentedmanoftheTangDynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guqinpiecesareusuallythreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.OtherfamouspiecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNomadFlute.Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqinplayersandperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreducedtoonlyonehundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity（人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)）in2003.1．Today,theguqinhas________strings.A．four B．five C．six D．seven2．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“Ambience”inParagraph3?A．演奏技巧 B．環(huán)境氛圍 C．天氣狀況 D．彈奏曲目3．Accordingtothepassage,playingtheguqin________isarightchoice.A．a(chǎn)taquietrestaurant B．a(chǎn)tawelcomepartyC．inapeacefulyardwithflowers D．onadarknightwithrainstorm4．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Theguqinhasahistoryoflessthan3000years.B．Thestringsmeanmetal,wood,water,fireandstone.C．ThelongestguqinpieceisGuanglingVerse.D．Theguqinisverypopularandmanypeoplecanplayit.5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theguqinanditsmusic. B．Theguqinanditsplayers.C．FourChinesetraditionalarts. D．Thedevelopmentofguqinmusic.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了中國的七弦古琴，包括它的來歷，彈琴的環(huán)境氛圍以及現(xiàn)在的狀況?！敬鸢附馕觥?．【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang”可知，現(xiàn)在古琴是有七根弦，故選D。2．【答案】B【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance…”可知，本段主要講述的就是彈琴的環(huán)境氛圍，所以Ambience表示“環(huán)境氛圍”，故選B。3．【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance”可知，彈奏七弦古琴需要在安靜的地方，且不是公開表演，故選C。4．【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Guqinpiecesareusuallythreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.”可知，最長的是《廣陵詩》，C表述正確，故選C。5．【答案】A【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了古琴和它的音樂，以及它的演奏環(huán)境，故選A。三、閱讀判斷（2022·四川成都·二模）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷句子正誤。正確的涂“A”，錯誤的涂“B”。

Theword“zhiyin”,whichmeansclosefriends,comesfromthestoryofYuBoyaandZhongZiqiintheWarringStatesPeriod.Boyawasgoodatplayingguqin.Oneday,hewasplayingmusiconhiswayhomeontheboat.ToBoya’ssurprise,Ziqi,awoodcutterwhohappenedtopassby,couldunderstandexactlywhathewantedtoexpressthroughhismusic.Afteralongtalk,theybecamegoodfriends.SinceBoyahadtoreturntohisstate,theyagreedtomeetagaininthefollowingyear.

Unfortunately,whengettingbacktovisitZiqi,Boyaheardthathisfriendhaddiedfromanillness.BoyawassosadandinfrontofZiqi’stomb,heplayedagainthemusichehadplayedwhentheyfirstmet.Thefeelingofthemusicwassostrongthatitwasasiftheriversandthemountainswerecrying.Whenfinishingplaying,Boyabrokehisguqinintopieces.Fromthenon,Boyaneverplayedagain.PeopleintheSongDynastybuilttheGuqinTaiinWuhantomemorizethedeepfriendshipbetweenBoyaandZiqi,whichbecameanimportantpartofthelocalculture.

Zhiyinculturehasnewdevelopmentinthenewperiod.ThefamousancientChineseclassicalmusicpieceGaoshanLiushui,alsoknownasHighMountainandFlowingWater,isusuallyperformedinsomeinternationalmeetings.ItnotonlyshowsthebeautyoftraditionalChineseculture,butalsoexpressesChina’swillingnesstodevelopisfriendshipwithpeoplefromallaroundtheworld.41．YuBoyawasplayingGuqinonaboatwhenhefirstmetZhongZiqi.________42．ZhongZiqiwasafishermanandhewasgoodatguqin,too.________43．ZhongZiqihadbeenkilledinthewarbeforeYuBoyacamebacktovisithim.________44．YuBoyabrokehisguqinbecausehewantedtoshowhissadnessoflosingagoodfriend.________45．Thestory“zhiyin”hasbecomeasymbolofdeepfriendshipinChineseculture.________【短文大意】本文講述了戰(zhàn)國時期俞伯牙和鐘子期的感人故事。【答案解析】1．【答案】A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Boyawasgoodatplayingguqin.Oneday,hewasplayingmusiconhiswayhomeontheboat.ToBoya’ssurprise,Ziqi,awoodcutterwhohappenedtopassby,couldunderstandexactlywhathewantedtoexpressthroughhismusic.”可知俞伯牙第一次見到鐘子期時，他正在船上演奏古琴。故填A。2．【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章介紹是伯牙擅長彈古琴，子期能夠聽出琴聲表達的意境，可知鐘子期是個漁夫，他也擅長古琴是錯誤的。故填B。3．【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Unfortunately,whengettingbacktovisitZiqi,Boyaheardthathisfriendhaddiedfromanillness.”可知在俞伯牙回來探望鐘子期之前，鐘子期已經(jīng)在戰(zhàn)爭中陣亡是錯誤的，是生病死的。故填B。4．【答案】A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenfinishingplaying,Boyabrokehisguqinintopieces.”可知俞伯牙打破了他的古琴，因為他想表達失去一個好朋友的悲傷。故填A。5．【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Zhiyinculturehasnewdevelopmentinthenewperiod.ThefamousancientChineseclassicalmusicpieceGaoshanLiushui,alsoknownasHighMountainandFlowingWater,isusuallyperformedinsomeinternationalmeetings.ItnotonlyshowsthebeautyoftraditionalChineseculture,butalsoexpressesChina’swillingnesstodevelopisfriendshipwithpeoplefromallaroundtheworld.”可知“知音”這個故事已經(jīng)成為中國文化中深厚友誼的象征。故填A。四、閱讀填表（2019·江蘇·中考真題）OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheChineseseven-stringzither(七弦琴),alsoknownastheguqin,oneofthefourarts-alongwithgo,calligraphyandpainting.Itfirstappearedover3,000agoandrepresentsChina'ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguginhadonlyfivestrings,representingthefiveelementsofmetal,wood,water,fireandearth.Later.intheZhoudynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson,KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.Ambience(環(huán)境氣氛)wasimportantinplayingtheChinesezither.Usually,itwaspractisedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance.Ancientartistsenjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.Thesoundofthequqinmixedwiththeechoes(回音)fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfoundhimselfatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoafavoritepastimeforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also.anightwithmoonlightwasconsideredidealforPlayingtheguqin.WangWei(701-761),ahighlytalentedmanoftheTangdynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guqinpiecesareusuallyaroundthreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.OtherfamouspiecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNomadFlute.Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguginplayersandperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreducedtoonlyahundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity(人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))in2003.Title:TheGuilinandItsMusicMainPartsDetailedinformationIntroductiontotheguqin

Asoneofthefourarts,ithasa___1___of3,000yearsandrepresentsChina'ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.

Thestrings

Atfirst,therewerefivestrings,whichrepresentedfiveelements.

Later,kingsintheZhoudynastyadded____2____morestringstothem.Theambience

Inquietsetting,notforpublicperformance.1.Byastreaminthemountains.The___3___soundoftheguqinanditsechoescouldmakemusiciansfindthemselves–atonewithnature.2.Insnow.Itwasbelievedtobethepurestinstrumentintheworld.3.Onanightwithmoonlight.WangWei's____4____wastoplaytheguqininabambooforestonanightfullofmoonlight.Thepresent_5_

Notmanyplayers,mastersandworks-arealivenowadays.

TheguqinanditsmusicenteredthelisttheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanityin2003.

【短文大意】本文介紹了中國七弦琴——又稱古琴。古琴是四大藝術(shù)之一，與圍棋、書法和繪畫齊名。它最早出現(xiàn)在3000多年前，代表了中國獨奏樂器的傳統(tǒng)。古代藝術(shù)家喜歡在山間小溪中表演。古琴的篇幅一般在三到八分鐘左右，最長的是廣陵詩，長22分鐘。其他著名的作品包括梅花三樂章、雁落沙洲、游牧長笛十八首。如今，訓練有素的古琴手、大師和作品不多。2003年，古琴及其音樂被列入人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄?！敬鸢附馕觥?．【答案】history【解析】句意：作為四大藝術(shù)之一，它有著3000年的歷史，代表著中國獨奏樂器的傳統(tǒng)。根據(jù)Itfirstappearedover3,000agoandrepresentsChina'ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.它最早出現(xiàn)在3000多年前，代表了中國獨奏樂器的傳統(tǒng)。可知，古琴有著3000年的歷史了。故答案為history。2．【答案】two

【解析】句意：后來，周朝的國王又增加了兩條弦。根據(jù)intheZhoudynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson,KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.周朝時，周文王為兒子周武王增加了第六根弦，又增加了第七根弦，以鼓勵他的軍隊與商作戰(zhàn)?？芍?，古琴在后來又增加了兩條弦。所以答案為：two。3．【答案】mixed【解析】句意：古琴的聲音和山上的回音混合在一起，可以讓音樂家們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己與大自然是一體的。根據(jù)Thesoundoftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes(回音)fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfoundhimselfatonewithnature.古琴的聲音和山上的回音混合在一起，直到樂師發(fā)現(xiàn)自己與大自然融為一體。themixsoundof：混合的聲音。故