金融理財英語

金融理財英語演講人：日期：OverviewofFinancialMarketsFundamentalsofInvestmentandWealthManagementIntroductiontoBankDepositBusinessStockInvestmentAnalysisandStrategyBondInvestmentAnalysisandStrategyFundInvestmentAnalysisandStrategy目錄01OverviewofFinancialMarketsDefinitionFinancialmarketsrefertotheplatformwherebuyersandsellersoffinancialassets,suchasstocks,bonds,currencies,andderivatives,cometogethertotradeClassificationFinancialmarketscanbeclassifiedintodifferenttypesbasedonthenatureoftheassetstraded,suchascapitalmarkets(includingstockandbondmarkets)andmoneymarkets(includingcurrencyandinterbankmarkets)DefinitionandclassificationoffinancialmarketsIssuersEntitiesthatissuesecuritiestoraisefunds,suchasgovernments,corporations,andfinancialinstitutionsIntermediariesEntitiesthatfacilitatethetradeofsecurities,suchasbrokers,dealers,andexchangesRegulatorsGovernmentagenciesorindependentbodiesthatoverseeandregulatetheoperationoffinancialmarketstoensurefairness,transparency,andstabilityInvestorsIndividualsorinstitutionsthatinvestinsecuritiesinsearchofriskadjustedreturns,includingretailinvestors,institutionalinvestors,andhedgefundsFinancialmarketparticipantsFinancialmarketsfacilitatethediscoveryofpricesforfinancialassetsthroughtheinteractionofbuyersandsellersPriceDiscoveryFinancialmarketsprovideliquiditytoinvestorsbyallowingthemtobuyandsellsecuritiesquicklyandatfairpricesLiquidityProvisionFinancialmarketsofferavarietyoffinancialinstrumentsthatcanbeusedtomanagerisk,suchashedginganddiversificationstrategiesRiskManagementFinancialmarketsallocatecapitaltoitsmostproductiveusesbychannelingfundsfromsaverstoborrowerswhocanusethefundstoinvestinsuitableprojectsCapitalAllocationTheFunctionandRoleofFinancialMarkets02FundamentalsofInvestmentandWealthManagementInvestmentTheallocationofresources,monthlymoney,withtheexpectationofgeneratinganincomeorprofitAholisticapproachtomanagingone'sfinanceswiththegoalofbuilding,preserving,andmanagingwealthIncludediversification,assetallocation,riskmanagement,andlongterminvestmentEmphasisfinancialplanning,taxefficiency,estateplanning,andPhilippinesWealthManagementPrinciplesofInvestmentPrinciplesofWealthManagementConceptsandPrinciplesofInvestmentandWealthManagement010405060302Stocks:RepresentownershipinacompanyandprovidethepotentialforcapitalapplicationanddividendsBonds:AredebtsecuritiesthatprovidefixedincomepaymentsandprincipalpaymentatmaturityMutualFunds:ArepoolsofmoneymanagedbyprofessionalinvestorsthatinvestinavarietyofsecuritiesExchangeTradedFunds(ETFs):AresimilartomutualfundsbuttradelikestocksonanexchangeAlternativeInvestments:Includeprivateequity,hedgefunds,realestate,andcommoditiesInsuranceProducts:Suchaslifeinsuranceandaccessories,canprovideprotectionandincomereplacementInvestmentandwealthmanagementtoolsandproductsRiskThepotentialforlossorunderperformancerelatedtoexpectationsReturnThegainorlossonaninvestmentoveraspecifiedperiod,expressedasapercentageoftheinvestmentRiskManagementTheprocessofidentifying,assessing,andprioritizingrisksfollowedbycoordinatedandeconomicapplicationofresourcestominimize,monitor,andcontroltheprobabilityorimpactofunfoundedeventsInvestmentandWealthManagementRisksandReturnsRiskandReturnTradeoffTheprinciplethathigherpotentialreturnsgenerallycomewithhigherlevelsofriskInvestmentandWealthManagementRisksandReturns03IntroductiontoBankDepositBusiness01ThesearedepositsthatcanbewithdrawnatanytimewithoutnoticeTheyarehighlyliquidbuttypicallyearnlowerinterestratesDemanddeposits02Thesedepositsareheldforafixedterm,usuallyatahigherinterestratethandemanddepositsWithdrawingsaresubjecttopenaltiesifmadebeforethematuritydateTimedeposits03ThesedepositsallowforflexiblewithdrawalswhilelearningamodelinterestrateTheyaresuitableforindividualswhowanttosaveregularlySavingsdeposits04Thesearedepositswithspecifictermsandconditions,suchasforeigncurrencydepositsorhighyielddepositsforlargeamountsSpecialdepositsTypesandcharacteristicsofbankdepositsBankdepositinterestratesandinterestcalculationmethodsBanksofferdifferentinterestratesfordifferenttypesofdeposits,basedonfactorssuchasthetermofthedeposit,theamountdeposited,andthebank'sfundingneedsInterestratesBankstypicallycalculateinterestondepositsusingeitherthesimpleinterestmethodorthecompoundinterestmethodThesimpleinterestmethodcalculatesinterestbasedontheprincipalamountonly,whilethecompoundinterestmethodcalculatesinterestonboththeprincipalandtheaccumulatedinterestInterestcalculationmethodsOperationprocessThebankdepositoperationprocesstypicallyinvolvesopeningadepositaccount,depositfunds,managingtheaccount(e.g.,checkingbalances,makingwithdrawings),andclosingtheaccountPrecautionsWhenopeningabankdepositaccount,itisimportanttounderstandthetermsandconditionsoftheaccount,includingtheinterestrate,fees,andpenaltiesforearlywithdrawalsItisalsoimportanttokeeptrackofaccountbalancesandtransactionstoensureaccuracyandavoidoverdraftsorotherissuesAdditionally,itisadvisorytodiversifydepositsacrossdifferentbanksandtypesofaccountstominimizeriskBankdepositoperationprocessandpreparations04StockInvestmentAnalysisandStrategyBasicConceptsandClassificationofStocksCommonStockRepresentativesownershipinacorporationandentitiesholderstovoteoncorporatemattersPreferredStockTypicallyhasahigherclaimonassetsandearningsthancommonstock,butusuallydoesnotcarryvotingrightsBlueChipStocksLarge,welltreatedcompanieswithahistoryofrelatedearningsanddividedpaymentsGrowthStocksCompaniesthatareexpectedtogrowatanaboveagerate,oftenwithoutpayingdividendsFocusesonacompany'sfinancialstatements,management,competitiveposition,andfutureprospectsFundamentalAnalysisUsehistoricalmarketdata,suchaspriceandvolume,toidentifytrendsandpredictfuturepricemovementsTechnicalAnalysisEmployeesmathematicalandstatisticalmodelstoevaluatesecuritiesandmakeinvestmentdecisionsQuantitativeAnalysisAdvisersnonnumericalinformation,suchasacompany'sbrand,reputation,andindustrytrendsQualitativeAnalysisStockanalysismethodsandtechniquesDiversionSpreadinginvestmentsacrossdifferentassetclasses,industries,andgeographicregionstoreduceriskPortfolioRebalancingPeriodicallyadjustingtheweightsofinvestmentsinaportfoliotomaintainadesiredriskreturnprofileStopLossOrdersPlacingorderswithbrokerstosellsecuritieswhentheyreachacertainprice,limitingpotentiallossesHedgingStrategiesUsingderivativeinstruments,suchasoptionsandfutures,tooffsettheriskofholdingaparticularsecurityStockinvestmentstrategyandriskcontrol05BondInvestmentAnalysisandStrategyAbondisafixedincomeinstrumentthatreportsaloanmadebyaninvestortoaborrower,typicallyagovernmentorcorporationBondscanbeclassifiedbasedontheirissuer(government,corporate,etc.),maturity(shortterm,mediumterm,longterm),couponpaymentstructure(fixedrate,floatingrate,zerocoupon),andcreditquality(investmentgrade,highyield)Keyfeaturesofabondincludeitsfacevalue,couponrate,maturitydate,andcreditratingBondDefinitionBondClassificationBondFeaturesBasicConceptsandClassificationofBondsBondValuationTheprocessofdeterminingthefairmarketvalueofabond,typicallybasedonitsfuturecashflowsdiscountedtothepresentvalueBondRatingsCreditratingsassignedtobondsbyindependentagenciestoassessthecreditworthinessoftheissuerandthelikelihoodofdefaultDurationandConvexityMeasuresofabond'ssensitivitytochangesininterestrates,usedtomanageinterestrateriskYieldtoMaturity(YTM)TherateofreturnaninvestorcanexpecttoearnifthebondispurchasedatitscurrentmarketpriceandhelduntilmaturityBondevaluationmethodsandtechniquesStrategicBondInvestmentSelectingbondsbasedonmacroeconomicfactors,marketconditions,andtheinvestor'srisktoleranceandreturnobjectivesPortfolioDiversionSpreadinginvestmentsacrossdifferenttypesofbondsandissuestoreduceriskandenhancereturnsHedgingStrategiesUsingderivativessuchasfuturesandoptionstohedgeagainstpotentiallossesinabondportfolioActivevs.PassiveBondManagementActivemanagementinvestmentsongingportfolioadjustmentstocapitalizeonmarketopportunities,whilepassivemana