湖南省雅禮教育集團(tuán)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語試卷 含解析

雅禮教育集團(tuán)2023年下學(xué)期期末考試試卷高二英語時(shí)量：120分鐘分值：150分選擇題部分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Collectsomeinformation.BDiscusswithsomestudents.C.Getthewomen’sopinion.2.Whyisthewomaninahurry?A.Toansweracall.B.Tosearchforastore.C.Tolookforawashroom.3.WhathappenedtoLarrylastnight?A.Hefellintowater.B.Hecouldn’tfindhishotel.C.Hewascaughtintherain.4.Wherewillthewomangotomorrownight?A.Totheman’shouse.B.Toacinema.C.Toarestaurant.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?A.Bad-tempered.B.Warm-hearted.C.Absent-minded.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Hisfriend’svisit.B.Lossofhisfriend.C.Hispoorcooking.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Downloadanapp.B.Cookuniquecuisines.C.Gooutwithhisfriend.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第9三個(gè)小題。8.Whatdoesthewomanshowtheman?A.Hervisa.B.Herpassport.C.HerIDcard.9.Whatwillthewomandowithherluggage?A.Checkitin.B.Makeitlighter.C.Takeitwithher.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。10.Whydoesthewomanfindthestudyhard?A.Thepoemsfocusonsomedifficulttopics.B.Shehastocomparepoemsacrosslanguages.C.Shelacksknowledgeaboutdifferentcultures.11.Whatdayisittoday?A.Sunday.B.Saturday.C.Monday.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Husbandandwife.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13.Wherewillthespeakersparktheirmotorhome?A.Attheirhome.B.Inthewoods.C.Onabeach.14.Whatdidthewomandointhemorning?A.Shestoredwaterinthevehicle.B.Shetookapictureofthevehicle.C.Shefilledthevehicleupwithgas.15.WhatseasonisitnowinScotland?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Takeashower.B.Turntheheaton.C.Checktheamountofgas.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17.Whenwilltheeventbeheld?A.FromJanuary12toFebruary10.B.FromJanuary10toFebruary12.C.FromJanuary12toFebruary12.18.Howmuchshouldacouplewithachildof8payfortheirentrance?A.$20.B.$10.C.$30.19.Whicheventisnewthisyear?A.Aflowershow.B.Afancydresscompetition.C.Awintersport.20.Wherewillthefoodshopsbe?A.Nexttotheentrance.B.Inthecenterofthesite.C.Besidetheamusementrides.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAdvanceAfricaVolunteersinKenyaoffersopportunitiestointernationalvolunteersinschools,hospitalsandcommunitymedicalclinics.KenyaVolunteerProgramScheduleYoucanvolunteerforanydurationandstayaslongasyouwish.Youcanarriveatanytimeduringthemonthandthevolunteerworkstartsthefollowingday.Youwilltypicallyworkbetween9a.m.and4p.m.MondaytoFriday.Youwillspendyoursparetimeshopping,eatingout,seeingmovies,chattingwithothervolunteersorswimming.KenyaVolunteerProgramisopento:Weinviteindividuals,couples,families,students,researchers,andgroups(churches,colleges,andstudentassociations).VolunteeringinKenyaCostsCostfor2weeksorless$500.00Costfor1month$700.00Costfor6weeks$900.00Costfor2months$1,100.00$200moreforeveryextratwoweeks.Norefunds(退款)willbepaidtoanyvolunteerwhohasarrivedinthecountryandstartedontheirprogramduetoprogramchange,earlydeparturesetc.OurVolunteerinKenyaProgramOffersWehavevolunteersallyearround.Thisgivesyouplentyofcompanytoenjoyexcitingtraveladventures.Someofourvolunteertravelprojectsdonotrequirespecificskills.Everyonecanparticipateregardlessofageorgender.Otherprojectsrequireparticularskills,educationorinterest.ThevolunteerinKenyaprogramfeecoverscommunication,airportpick-up,localsupport,in-countryorientation,training,accommodationandtwomealsperday(threemealsovertheweekendsifyouareattheprovidedaccommodation).ThevolunteerinKenyacostsyouneedtomeetare:yourflighttoandfromthecountry,visafees,workpermits,travelinsurance,in-countrytransportandreturntriptotheairport.TypicalLivingArrangements:AdvanceAfricaVolunteers’houseandhome-stays.1.WhatcanweknowaboutKenyaVolunteerProgram?A.Ithasflexibleschedule. B.Itistargetedattheyouth.C.Itoffershotelaccommodation. D.Itneedspreviousexperience.2.Whatarethefeesfor10-weekvolunteering?A.$800.00. B.$1,000.00.C.$1,100.00. D.$1,300.00.3.WhatdoesKenyaVolunteerProgramoffer?A.Travelinsurance. B.Freetransport.C.Airportpick-upservice. D.Financialsupport.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在肯尼亞的志愿者項(xiàng)目，包括費(fèi)用、安排以及住宿等?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KenyaVolunteerPro-gramSchedule部分中“Youcanvolunteerforanydurationandstayaslongasyouwish.Youcanarriveatanytimeduringthemonthandthevolunteerworkstartsthefollowingday.”（你可以做任何志愿者，想待多久就待多久。你可以在這個(gè)月的任何時(shí)間到達(dá)，志愿者工作第二天就開始了。）可知，志愿者項(xiàng)目的時(shí)間安排非常靈活。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VolunteeringinKenyaCosts部分中“Costfor2months$1,100.00”（2個(gè)月費(fèi)用$1100.00）以及“200moreforeveryextratwoweeks.”（每多兩周就多200。）可知，每多兩周費(fèi)用將增加200美元，因此$1,100.00+$200.00=$1300.00。故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OurVolunteerinKenyaProgramOffers部分中“ThevolunteerinKenyaprogramfeecoverscommunication,airportpick-up”（肯尼亞志愿者項(xiàng)目費(fèi)用包含通訊、接機(jī)）可知，這個(gè)志愿者項(xiàng)目提供接機(jī)服務(wù)。故選C。B17-year-oldTibetangirlCiglaisafreshmanatNagquNo.2SeniorHighSchoolinLhasa,whichsit3,650metersabovesealevel.Shenowplayspointguardfortheschool’s12-memberfemalebasketballteam.“Practicemakesperfect.Yougetusedtothealtitudewhenyoulovethesportandtrainhardenough,”saidthepotentialbasketballstar,whohasbeencrazyaboutthesportsincetakingitupthreeyearsago.Withoutstandingspeedandaccuratepasses,sheneverfailstoshineonthebasketballcourt,evenwhenshecompetesagainsttheboys.Thoughsheisafreshmaninhighschool,Ciglaalreadyhasaclearpictureofherfuture--enteringasportscollegetostudybasketball.IntheeyesofCila,whocomesfromapoorherder’s(牧民的)familyinnorthernTibet,studyinginLhasa,themostdevelopedcityinthisarea,hasmadeitmucheasierforhertorealizeherbasketballdream.Withanaveragealtitudeofover4,500meters.NagquisamongthemostuninhabitableplacesinTibet.Low-oxygenenvironmentsandextremeweatherhavelonginfluencedthehealthofNagqustudents,hamperingthedevelopmentofprimaryeducationinthearea.LikeCigla,manystudentsattheschoolarefrompoorfarmers’andherders’families.DawaDroma,aseniorstudentalsoontheschool’sfemalebasketballteam,recalled,“Ihadnevertouchedabasketballbeforethatgamebutjoinedtheclassteamanyway.WhenIscoredandheardmyclassmatescheerforme,Icouldn’tfeelmoreproud.That’showIfellinlovewithbasketballandwhyIneverlookedback.”Reflectingontheinfluenceofbasketballonherlife,DawaDromasaidthesporthadhelpedhergetfitandbuildupconfidenceovertheyears.“Meetingplayersfromdifferentschoolshascertainlymademeamoreoutgoingperson,”shesaid.4.WhatdoweknowaboutCiglafromthetext?A.Shelovesplayingbasketballbutdislikestraininghard.B.SheisinGradeOneataseniorhighschoolatahighaltitude.C.She’sbeencrazyaboutplayingbasketballsinceshewas12yearsold.D.She’sgotusedtothealtitudebecauseshehaslivedthereforyears.5.InCigla’sopinion,whatcanhelpherrealizeherbasketballdream?A.Herschool’slocation. B.Herclearplans.C.Herfamilybackground. D.Herenteringasportscollege.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hampering”inParagraph4mean?A.promoting. B.maintaining. C.interpreting. D.preventing.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.DawaDromabarelyfeelsproudwhenscoring.B.DawaDromahasbeenaffectedbybasketballgreatly.C.PlayingbasketballimprovesDawaDroma’ssenseoftouch.D.PlayersfromdifferentschoolshavebecomeDawaDroma’sfriends【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了在西藏納木錯(cuò)海拔3650米的高中校園里，來自牧民家庭的兩名女生Cigla和DawaDroma通過打籃球?qū)崿F(xiàn)了自身的成長與夢想，并緩解了當(dāng)?shù)亟逃l(fā)展不平衡的狀況。同時(shí)，文章也闡述了高海拔等惡劣環(huán)境對當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦慕】岛徒逃l(fā)展帶來的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“17-year-oldTibetangirlCiglaisafreshmanatNagquNo.2SeniorHighSchoolinLhasa,whichsit3,650metersabovesealevel.

(17歲的藏族女孩Cigla是拉薩那曲第二高級中學(xué)的一名新生，該校位于海拔3650米的地方。)”可知，Cigla是高海拔地區(qū)高中一年級的一名學(xué)生。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“IntheeyesofCila,whocomesfromapoorherder’s(牧民的)familyinnorthernTibet,studyinginLhasa,themostdevelopedcityinthisarea,hasmadeitmucheasierforhertorealizeherbasketballdream.(Cigla來自西藏北部一個(gè)貧窮的牧民家庭。在她看來，在西藏最發(fā)達(dá)的城市拉薩學(xué)習(xí)，讓她更容易實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的籃球夢。)”可知，Cigla認(rèn)為在西藏最發(fā)達(dá)的城市拉薩學(xué)習(xí)，讓她更容易實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的籃球夢即學(xué)校的位置能夠幫助她實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的籃球夢。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的內(nèi)容“NagquisamongthemostuninhabitableplacesinTibet.Low-oxygenenvironmentsandextremeweatherhavelonginfluencedthehealthofNagqustudents(那曲是西藏最不宜居住的地方之一。低氧環(huán)境和極端天氣長期影響那曲學(xué)生的健康)”以及后文的“thedevelopmentofprimaryeducationinthearea(該地區(qū)初等教育的發(fā)展)”可知，那曲低氧環(huán)境和極端天氣長期影響那曲學(xué)生的健康并且阻礙了當(dāng)?shù)氐慕逃聵I(yè)的發(fā)展。故劃線詞與D選項(xiàng)“preventing.(阻礙)”為同義詞。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Reflectingontheinfluenceofbasketballonherlife,DawaDromasaidthesporthadhelpedhergetfitandbuildupconfidenceovertheyears.“Meetingplayersfromdifferentschoolshascertainlymademeamoreoutgoingperson,”shesaid.(回想起籃球?qū)λ畹挠绊懀珼awaDroma說，多年來，這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)幫助她保持健康，建立自信。她說：“與來自不同學(xué)校的球員見面讓我成為了一個(gè)更外向的人。)”可知，籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)讓DawaDroma變得更健康更自信，同時(shí)也變得更外向，因此DawaDroma深受籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響。故選B。CRecentlyturning25Amazonisundergoinggreatchanges.Onethingissure:Amazonhasbigplansforyou,yourmoneyandyourdata.ThemainsiteandshoppingexperienceareunlikelytochangemuchoverthenextfewyearsunlessthecompanyisforcedtobytheEUorUSauthorities.Instead,Amazonislookingtogetintothephysicalworld.However,therearestillsomethingsthatpeopleprefertotestinpersonratherthanbuyblindonline.Asidefromthemainsite,thefutureofretail(零售)forAmazonlookstobeusingabandoneddepartmentstores.AccordingtoTheWallStreetJournal,Amazonwillmakesomestoresintofulfilmentcentres(倉儲(chǔ)中心)whileturningothersintoAmazonDepartmentStore.FooddeliveryisalsoanareathatAmazonisinterestedin,anditcurrentlyownsroughly16percentofthefooddeliverycompanyDeliveroo.Manyofitsstoreswillsoonbeginusingfingerprintscanstopayforgoods.IfanyonecancompetewithsupermarketsTesco,Sainsbury’sandWaitrose,it’sAmazon.ThelargestareaofinvestmentforAmazonisinthefieldofhealth,becauseit’soneofafewindustriesthatofferitthelargeamountsofmoneyneededwhenitcomestogrowth.Soontoofferservicesfromtelemedicinetoinsurancewidely,Amazonhasalreadyofferedsomemedicines.What’smore,fromcamerasoutsideyourhometokeylessentry,Amazonwantstodeliveritspackagesmoresecurelyanddirectly.TheseservicesmeanAmazonwillbeinchargeofmoreofyourhomethaneverbefore.Amazonisthinkingglobally,too,planningtosendseveralsatellitesintospacetosupplyfastandaffordablebroadbandservicestotensofmillionsofpeoplewhodonothavereliableInternet.ThenextfewyearsareimportantforAmazon’scontinuedsuccess.Thecompanyneedsyourmoneyanddatatomakethathappen.Whileitwasahugeforceduringthepandemic,Amazon’snextmovesseetheminnewfieldswheresuccessisimportantbutnotguaranteed.Timewilltellwhetheryou,andothers,trustAmazonwiththeirhealthandevenmoreaccesstotheirhomes.8.WhatdoesAmazonintendtodo,basedonparagraph2?A.Itwillmakebigchangestoitsmainsitelater. B.Itwillfocusonmakinguseofphysicalstores.C.ItwillbecontrolledbytheEUtoagreatextent. D.Itwillcontinuetofocusonthevirtualworld.9.WhyisAmazoninterestedinthehealthindustry?A.Fewenterpriseshavedevelopedinthisfield.B.Thecompanyhasrelatedindustrieswhichcanofferhelp.C.Itofferstheeconomicbenefitsrequiredforenterpriseexpansion.D.Offeringmedicationhasabrightfutureandcanbringinbigmoney.10.HowwillAmazonachieveitsglobalvision?A.ItwillsetupreliableInternetforonlineshopping.B.Itwillofferbroadbandforfreetopeopleinremoteareas.C.Itwillsupporttheaerospaceindustrybylaunchingsatellites.D.Itwillprovidevariousservicesincludingdoortodoordelivery.11.Whatistheauthor’sintentioninthelastparagraph?A.TomakeabriefsummaryofAmazon’splan.B.TosayAmazonneedspeople’strusttosucceed.C.TostatethesocialbackgroundthatAmazonfaces.D.TodescribetheimportantroleAmazonplaysindailylife.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹亞馬遜未來的發(fā)展方向以及涉及到的領(lǐng)域?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Instead,Amazonislookingtogetintothephysicalworld.However,therearestillsomethingsthatpeopleprefertotestinpersonratherthanbuyblindonline.Asidefromthemainsite,thefutureofretail(零售)forAmazonlookstobeusingabandoneddepartmentstores.AccordingtoTheWallStreetJournal,Amazonwillmakesomestoresintofulfilmentcentres(倉儲(chǔ)中心)whileturningothersintoAmazonDepartmentStore.(相反，亞馬遜正在尋求進(jìn)入實(shí)體世界。然而，仍有一些東西，人們更喜歡親自測試，而不是在網(wǎng)上盲目購買。除了主站，亞馬遜未來的零售業(yè)務(wù)似乎是利用廢棄的百貨商店。據(jù)《華爾街日報(bào)》報(bào)道，亞馬遜將把一些商店變成配送中心，而把其他商店變成亞馬遜百貨商店)”可知，亞馬遜打算將專注于利用實(shí)體店。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ThelargestareaofinvestmentforAmazonisinthefieldofhealth,becauseit’soneofafewindustriesthatofferitthelargeamountsofmoneyneededwhenitcomestogrowth.(亞馬遜最大的投資領(lǐng)域是健康領(lǐng)域，因?yàn)樗菫閿?shù)不多的幾個(gè)能夠?yàn)槠涮峁┐罅吭鲩L所需資金的行業(yè)之一)”可知，亞馬遜對健康產(chǎn)業(yè)感興趣是因?yàn)樘峁┢髽I(yè)擴(kuò)張所需的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Amazonisthinkingglobally,too,planningtosendseveralsatellitesintospacetosupplyfastandaffordablebroadbandservicestotensofmillionsofpeoplewhodonothavereliableInternet.(亞馬遜也在放眼全球，計(jì)劃向太空發(fā)射幾顆衛(wèi)星，為數(shù)千萬沒有可靠互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的人提供快速、負(fù)擔(dān)得起的寬帶服務(wù))”可知，亞馬遜將為網(wǎng)上購物建立可靠的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，來實(shí)現(xiàn)其全球愿景。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThenextfewyearsareimportantforAmazon’scontinuedsuccess.Thecompanyneedsyourmoneyanddatatomakethathappen.Whileitwasahugeforceduringthepandemic,Amazon’snextmovesseetheminnewfieldswheresuccessisimportantbutnotguaranteed.Timewilltellwhetheryou,andothers,trustAmazonwiththeirhealthandevenmoreaccesstotheirhomes.(未來幾年對亞馬遜的持續(xù)成功至關(guān)重要。公司需要你的錢和數(shù)據(jù)來實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。雖然它在疫情期間是一股巨大的力量，但亞馬遜的下一步行動(dòng)將使他們進(jìn)入新的領(lǐng)域，這些領(lǐng)域的成功很重要，但不能保證成功。時(shí)間會(huì)告訴我們，你和其他人是否信任亞馬遜，將他們的健康交給亞馬遜，甚至讓亞馬遜為他們提供更多的家居服務(wù))”可推知，作者在最后一段的意圖是說明亞馬遜需要人們的信任才能成功。故選B。DThespecificculturalvaluesofacountrymaydeterminewhetherconcernaboutenvironmentalissuesactuallyleadsindividualstoengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviors,accordingtoresearchpublishedinPsychologicalScience.KiminEom,apsychologicalscientistoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,wasinspiredtoinvestigatethelinksbetweenculture,environmentalconcern,andenvironmentalactionafternoticingthatbothpublicdiscussionandacademicresearchonenvironmentalbehaviortypicallyfocusonpeoplefromWesterncountries.ItisworthnoticingbecauseWesterncountriestendtohaveculturalvaluesthatprioritizeindividuals’ownattitudesandbeliefsandencourageexpressionofthem.“Thetheoryseemedtobethatonceindividualsareledtobelieveintheurgencyofenvironmentalissuesandhavestrongerconcernsaboutsustainability(持續(xù)性),theywillchangeandacttoaddresstheissues,”explainsEom.Butthisrelationshipmightnotholdforindividualslivinginmorecollectivistic(集體主義的)societies,whichplacemoreemphasisonsocialharmonyanduniformitythanonself-expression,Eomandhisteamassumed.Toexaminewhatdrivesenvironmentalactioninindividualisticandcollectivisticcultures,theresearchersconductedastudywithparticipantsfromtheUnitedStates(anindividualisticculture)andJapan(acollectivisticculture).Theyfoundenvironmentalconcernwascloselyconnectedwithenvironmentalbehavior—inthiscase,choosingenvironmentallyfriendlyproducts—butonlyamongAmericanparticipants.Ontheotherhand,believingthatalargepercentageofpeopleengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviorswasassociatedwithmakingeco-friendlychoicesamongJapaneseparticipants,butnotAmericanparticipants.Thefindingssuggestthatpersonalconcernsaremorelikelytomotivatepeopletotakeenvironmentalactioniftheyliveinindividualisticcountries,whilesocialnorms(準(zhǔn)則)aremorelikelytodrivepeopletoengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehavioriftheyliveincollectivisticcountries.“Gettingcitizensactivelyengagediscriticaltoaddressingurgentsocialchallenges,suchasclimatechange,”saysEom.“Ourresearchsuggeststhatscientists,policymakers,andactivistsneedtounderstandhowcultureshapesthepsychologicalfactorsofactiontodeveloppolicies,campaigns,andinterventions(干預(yù))thataddressimportantsocialissues.”12.WhatdoesEomfindaboutpreviousresearchonenvironmentalbehavior?A.Itsstudyparticipantsaretoolimited.B.Itsresultsneedawhiletobeachieved.C.Itprioritizesindividuals’attitudesandbeliefs.D.Itdrawsmuchevidencefrompublicdiscussion.13.UnderwhichconditionwillaJapanesemanmostlikelytakeenvironmentalaction?A.Ifheseesmanyothersdoso.B.Ifheisaffectedbycollectivisticvalues.C.Ifhemovestoanindividualisticcountry.D.Ifheworriesabouttheenvironmentpersonally.14.WhatdoesEomsayabouttheirresearchinthelastparagraph?A.Itfailstotakeparticipants’psychologicalfactorsintoaccount.B.Itencouragesscientistsandpolicymakerstomakejointefforts.C.Ithasafurtherstudydirectiontowardsurgentsocialchallenges.D.Itprovidesinsightsintopromotingpublicengagementinsocialissues.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SocialNormsPlayaPartinAddressingPollutionB.EnvironmentalIssuesOriginatefromNationalCulturesC.MotivatingEco-FriendlyBehaviorsDependsonCulturalValuesD.MoreEnvironmentalConcernsUsuallyMeanMoreGreenAction【答案】12.A13.A14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)研究表示，一個(gè)國家的特定文化價(jià)值觀可能決定人們對環(huán)境問題的關(guān)注是否會(huì)促使個(gè)人做出環(huán)保行為。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“KiminEom,apsychologicalscientistoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,wasinspiredtoinvestigatethelinksbetweenculture,environmentalconcern,andenvironmentalactionafternoticingthatbothpublicdiscussionandacademicresearchonenvironmentalbehaviortypicallyfocusonpeoplefromWesterncountries.(加州大學(xué)圣芭芭拉分校的心理科學(xué)家KiminEom注意到，關(guān)于環(huán)境行為的公眾討論和學(xué)術(shù)研究通常都集中在西方國家的人身上，因此受到啟發(fā)，開始調(diào)查文化、環(huán)境關(guān)注和環(huán)境行動(dòng)之間的聯(lián)系。)”可知，KiminEom注意到之前關(guān)于環(huán)境行為的公眾討論和學(xué)術(shù)研究通常都集中在西方國家的人身上，由此可推測出，這些研究的對象具有局限性。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ontheotherhand,believingthatalargepercentageofpeopleengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviorswasassociatedwithmakingeco-friendlychoicesamongJapaneseparticipants,butnotAmericanparticipants.(另一方面，在日本參與者中，相信很大一部分人進(jìn)行環(huán)保行為與做出環(huán)保選擇有關(guān)，但在美國參與者中則不然。)”可知，在日本參與者當(dāng)中，當(dāng)他們相信有很大一部分人做出了環(huán)保行為，他們也會(huì)做出環(huán)保選擇。由此可推測出，當(dāng)一個(gè)日本人看到許多其他人采取環(huán)保行動(dòng)，那么他也會(huì)這么做。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ourresearchsuggeststhatscientists,policymakers,andactivistsneedtounderstandhowcultureshapesthepsychologicalfactorsofactiontodeveloppolicies,campaigns,andinterventions(干預(yù))thataddressimportantsocialissues.(我們的研究表明，科學(xué)家、政策制定者和活動(dòng)家需要了解文化如何塑造行動(dòng)的心理因素，以制定解決重要社會(huì)問題的政策、運(yùn)動(dòng)和干預(yù)措施。)”可推測出，該研究為促進(jìn)公眾參與解決社會(huì)問題提供了見解。故選D?！?5題詳解】標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，第一段“Thespecificculturalvaluesofacountrymaydeterminewhetherconcernaboutenvironmentalissuesactuallyleadsindividualstoengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviors,accordingtoresearchpublishedinPsychologicalScience.(根據(jù)發(fā)表在《心理科學(xué)》上的研究，一個(gè)國家的特定文化價(jià)值觀可能決定對環(huán)境問題的關(guān)注是否真的會(huì)導(dǎo)致個(gè)人進(jìn)行環(huán)保行為。)”引出主題，即一個(gè)國家的特定文化價(jià)值觀可能決定人們對環(huán)境問題的關(guān)注是否真的會(huì)促使個(gè)人做出環(huán)保行動(dòng)，所以C項(xiàng)“激勵(lì)生態(tài)友好行為取決于文化價(jià)值觀”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Activelisteningisacommunicationskillthatinvolvesgoingbeyondsimplyhearingthewordsthatanotherpersonspeaksbutalsoseekingtounderstandthemeaningandintentionbehindthem.Theword“active”impliesthatyouaretakingsometypeofactionwhenlisteningtoothers.____16____BefullypresentActivelisteningrequiresbeingfullypresentintheconversation.Itenablesyoutoconcentrateonwhatisbeingsaid.Beingpresentinvolveslisteningwithallyoursensesandgivingyourfullattentiontothespeaker.Tousethisactivelisteningtechniqueeffectively,putawayyourcellphone,ignoredistractions,andshutdownyourinternaldialogue.____17____Andleteverythingelseslipaway.Payattentiontonon-verbalcues(非言語暗示)Asmuchas65%ofaperson’scommunicationisunspoken,____18____.Thisinvolvesnotfoldingyourarms,smilingwhilelistening,leaningin,andnoddingatkeypoints.Itcanalsobehelpfultopayattentiontoyourfacialexpressionswhenactivelisteningsothatyoudon’tconveyanytypeofnegativeresponse.KeepgoodeyecontactWhenengagedinactivelistening,makingeyecontactisespeciallyimportant.Thistellstheotherpersonthatyouarepresentandlisteningtowhatheorshesays.____19____Atthesametime,youdon’twanttousesomucheyecontactthattheconversationfeelsstrange.Tokeepthisfromhappening,followthe50/70rule.Thisinvolvesmaintainingeyecontactfor50%to70%ofthetimespentlistening,holdingthecontactforfourtofivesecondsbeforebrieflylookingaway.BepatientPatienceisanimportantactivelisteningtechniquebecauseitallowstheotherpersontospeakwithoutinterruption.Beingpatientinvolvesnottryingtofillperiodsofsilencewithyourownthoughtsorstories.Thisalsorequireslisteningtounderstand,nottorespond.____20____Also,don’tchangethesubjecttooabruptlyasthisconveysboredomandimpatience.A.Don’tprepareareplywhilelistening.B.Italsoshowsthatyouaren’tdistracted.C.Thisisn’thelpfulduringactivelistening.D.Souseopen,non-threateningbodylanguage.E.Don’tfocustoomuchoninsignificantdetails.F.Placeyourfocusonyourconversationpartner.G.Thisinvolvesusingcertainstrategiesortechniques.【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.B20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了什么是積極傾聽，以及做到積極傾聽的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Theword“active”impliesthatyouaretakingsometypeofactionwhenlisteningtoothers.(“積極”這個(gè)詞意味著你在傾聽別人的時(shí)候正在采取某種行動(dòng))”提到了積極傾聽，選項(xiàng)G中this是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，所以G選項(xiàng)“這涉及到使用某些策略或技巧?！蹦艹薪由衔模夷芸傤I(lǐng)下文小標(biāo)題中提到的技巧。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Tousethisactivelisteningtechniqueeffectively,putawayyourcellphone,ignoredistractions,andshutdownyourinternaldialogue.(為了有效地使用這種積極傾聽技巧，把你的手機(jī)收起來，忽略干擾，關(guān)閉你內(nèi)心的對話)”提到了如何避免分散注意力，選項(xiàng)F中focus是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，所以F選項(xiàng)“把你的注意力放在你的談話對象身上?！狈险Z境。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文“Asmuchas65%ofaperson’scommunicationisunspoken.(一個(gè)人多達(dá)65%的交流是無聲的)”提到了無聲的交流，選項(xiàng)D中bodylanguage是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文的unspoken呼應(yīng)，所以D選項(xiàng)“所以使用開放的，沒有威脅的肢體語言。”承接上文，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Whenengagedinactivelistening,makingeyecontactisespeciallyimportant.

Thistellstheotherpersonthatyouarepresentandlisteningtowhatheorshesays.(在積極傾聽時(shí)，眼神交流尤為重要。這告訴對方你在聽他或她說什么)”提到了眼神交流的作用，B選項(xiàng)“這也表明你沒有分心?！边M(jìn)一步說明了眼神交流的作用，和上文構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Thisalsorequireslisteningtounderstand,nottorespond.(這也需要傾聽去理解，而不是回應(yīng))”提到了傾聽時(shí)不要回應(yīng)，A選項(xiàng)“不要在聽的時(shí)候準(zhǔn)備回答?！背薪由衔?，與本段小標(biāo)題呼應(yīng)。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）I’llalwaysrememberalessonthatIlearnedasaboygrowingupinNewYorkCity.Oneday,whenIwasperhapssixyearsold,Iwaswalkingwithmyfatherona____21____street.Allofasudden,theflowofpedestriantrafficcametoastopaspeopletriedto____22____alargeobjectonthesidewalk.Tomyastonishment,theobject____23____tobeahumanbeing,amanlyingunconsciousagainstabuilding.Aswewalkedby,myfather—themodelofaloving,____24____gentleman—pointedtoabottleinapaperbagandtoldmethatthepoorsoulonthesidewalkjustneededtosleepitoff.Thenthedrunkenmanbegantomurmursenselessly.Myfather____25____menottogonear,saying“youneverknowhowhe’llreact.”YetmanyyearslaterIhadaverydifferentexperiencewhilevisitingamarketinRangoon.Ihadspenttheprevious12monthstravelingin____26____Asiancities,butevenbythosestandardsthiswasasceneofmisery(窮困).____27____desperatepovertyandstrongwindsblowingdust____28____,thelocalshadtoliveintheextremelyhotclimatewithridiculouslyhugecrowds.____29____amancarryingahugebagofpeanutscalledoutinpainand____30____totheground.Ithenwitnessedanastonishingscene.Halfadozen____31____ranfromtheirstandstohelp,leavingunattendedwhatmighthavebeenthetotalityoftheirpossessions.Oneputablanketundertheman’shead;anotheropenedhisshirt;thethirdone____32____himcarefullyaboutthepain;thefourthone____33____water;thefifthonekeptonlookersfromcrowdingaroundtooclosely;thesixthoneranforhelp.Withinminutesadoctorarrivedandtwootherlocalsjoinedintoassist.The____34____couldhavepassedforafinalexamatanursingschool.Icouldn’thelpwondering,whypeopleact____35____atthesimilarsituationhere?21.A.silent B.crowded C.new D.remote22.A.avoid B.identify C.observe D.approach23.A.brokeout B.stoodup C.turnedout D.grewup24.A.strong B.caring C.honest D.indifferent25.A.forced B.persuaded C.warned D.allowed26.A.poor B.wealthy C.fashionable D.dangerous27.A.Insteadof B.Inspiteof C.Incaseof D.Inadditionto28A.everywhere B.nowhere C.somewhere D.anywhere29.A.Gradually B.Absolutely C.Immediately D.Suddenly30.A.fell B.jumped C.rolled D.marched31.A.beggars B.judges C.sellers D.customers32.A.doubted B.named C.explained D.questioned33.A.drank B.saved C.removed D.fetched34.A.doctor B.onlookers C.performance D.discovery35.A.confidently B.differently C.independently D.cautiously【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.C26.A27.D28.A29.D30.A31.C32.D33.D34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者小時(shí)候跟隨父親上街，看到路邊有一名醉酒的路人，然而沒有施以援手；若干年后作者在亞洲旅行，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)人們互幫互助，由此引發(fā)了作者對人生的思考。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大概六歲的時(shí)候，有一天，我和父親走在一條擁擠的街上。A.silent安靜的；B.crowded擁擠的；C.new新的；D.remote遙遠(yuǎn)的。根據(jù)下文“theflowofpedestriantraffic”可知，路上車水馬龍，人來人往，這是一條擁擠的大街，故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，人流停了下來，人們試圖避開人行道上的一個(gè)大型物體。A.avoid避開；B.identify確認(rèn)；C.observe觀察；D.approach接近。根據(jù)下文“amanlyingunconsciousagainstabuilding”以及“ Myfather___5__

menottogonear,”可知，此處表示人們都在避開他，故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：令我大吃一驚的是，那個(gè)物體竟然是一個(gè)人，一個(gè)不省人事地靠著一棟建筑物躺著的人。A.brokeout