（高考英語作文煉句）第60篇譯文老師筆記

PAGEPAGE11.物質(zhì)財(cái)富并不等同于成功,它也不是成功的必要條件.盡管成功和財(cái)富并不矛盾,但真正成功的要義在于擁有充滿愛的人際關(guān)系和充實(shí)的人生.Materialriches

(1.物質(zhì)財(cái)富)areneitherequivalenttonornecessaryforsuccess.Althoughsuccessandwealtharebynomeans

incompatible(2.矛盾的,不兼容的),thekeydefiningcharacteristicsoftruesuccessare

lovingrelationships

(3.充滿愛的人際關(guān)系)andafulfillinglife.

1-物質(zhì)財(cái)富Materialriches

詞典釋義：material5.ADJ形容詞

(指與抽象相對)物質(zhì)的,有形的,實(shí)體的

Material

thingsarerelatedtopossessionsormoney,ratherthantomoreabstractthingssuchasideasorvalues.

【搭配模式】：usuADJn?Everyroommusthavebeenstuffedwith

material

things.每個(gè)房間肯定都塞滿了東西.

?...the

material

world.物質(zhì)世界

?...hisdescriptionsoftheirpoor

material

conditions.他對他們貧困的物質(zhì)生活的描述

riches['r?t?.?z]

pluralnoun

■alargeamountofmoneyorvaluablepossessions

財(cái)富;財(cái)產(chǎn)

?Shedonatedasizeableportionofher

riches

tochildren'scharities.她將很大一部分財(cái)產(chǎn)捐給了兒童慈善機(jī)構(gòu).

外刊例句：Manyfaultitsgratuitousdisplayof

materialriches.

()許多人指責(zé)這種無謂的炫富.

替換表達(dá)：Materialwealth

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：Physical

wealth點(diǎn)評：physical是指"實(shí)體的,物質(zhì)的”,例如：thephysicalworldaroundus我們身邊的物質(zhì)世界,不能用physical

wealth來指"物質(zhì)財(cái)富”.

2-矛盾的,不兼容的incompatible

詞典釋義：incompatibleUK

[??n.k?m'p?t.?.bl]

US

[-'p?t?.?-]

adjective

■notabletoexistorworkwithanotherpersonorthingbecauseofbasicdifferences

不相容的;不相容的;不能和諧相處的

?Whenwestartedlivingtogetherwerealizedhow

incompatible

wewere-ourinterestsweresodifferent.開始共同生活后,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)彼此是多么合不來——我們的興趣差別太大了.?Maintainingqualityis

incompatible

with

increasingoutput.保持品質(zhì)和增加產(chǎn)量是互相對立的.?Anynewvideosystemthatis

incompatible

with

existingoneshaslittlechanceofsuccess.任何與現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)不相容的新視訊系統(tǒng)都難以成功.

外刊例句：AkeyclauseintheTerrorismAct2000is

incompatible

withtheEuropeanconventiononhumanrights,themasteroftherolls,JohnDyson,hassaidaspartofacourtofappealjudgment.

()2000年反恐協(xié)議中的某一關(guān)鍵條例在人權(quán)方面與歐盟公約相違背,而對于這一點(diǎn),其制定者約翰·道森曾在法庭上訴中說過.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：contradictory點(diǎn)評：contradictory一般指觀點(diǎn)、事實(shí)、建議等互相矛盾(Iftwoormorefacts,piecesofadvice,etc.arecontradictory,theyareverydifferentfromeachother),這里用incompatible(ideas,systems,ormachinesthatareincompatiblearenotabletoworkorexisttogetherbecauseofbasicdifferences)更加合適.

3-充滿愛的人際關(guān)系lovingrelationships

詞典釋義：loving

●●○○○1.ADJ-GRADED能被表示程度的副詞或介詞詞組修飾的形容詞

充滿愛的;鐘愛的;關(guān)愛的

Someonewhois

loving

feelsorshowslovetootherpeople.?Jimwasamost

loving

husbandandfather...吉姆是個(gè)非常體貼的丈夫和慈愛的父親.

?Thechildrentherewerevery

loving

tome.那里的孩子都很愛我.

外刊例句：Polyamoryisn’tmonogamyanditisn’tswinging,it’sbeingopentohaving

lovingrelationships

withdifferentpeopleofdifferentsexesatthesametime,andinthatwaylearningtoloveyourself,too.()多元之愛與一夫一妻制不同,也非指交換伴侶,它指的是：不同性別的各人群同時(shí)相互關(guān)愛對方,從而去學(xué)會(huì)愛護(hù)自己.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：lovingrelationship點(diǎn)評：relationship是可數(shù)名詞,這里應(yīng)該改為loving

relationships2.如果失去了和家人以及朋友之間親密的關(guān)系,人生將會(huì)變得空虛和毫無意義.如果沒有人和我們一起分享人生的跌宕起伏,歡樂與憂傷,那么我們所賺的每一美元都失去了價(jià)值.Withoutcloserelationshipswithfamilyandfriends,lifewouldbecomeemptyand

devoidofmeaning(1.毫無意義).Everydollarweearnedwouldbeworthlessifwehadnocompanionswithwhomtoshareour

upsanddowns(2.人生的跌宕起伏),joysandsorrows.

1-毫無意義(be)devoidofmeaning

詞典釋義：devoid[d?'v??d]

formal

adjective

bedevoidofsth

■tolackorbewithoutsomethingthatisnecessaryorusual

缺乏,缺少

?Theirapartmentis

devoid

of

all

comforts.他們的公寓沒有任何能提供舒適享受的設(shè)施.?Heseemstobe

devoid

ofcompassion.他似乎缺少同情心.

外刊例句：Theagenciesare,saysMrReynolds,"themostpowerfulforceinthecapitalmarketsthatis

devoidof

anymeaningfulregulation.”

()雷諾茲說,這些代理處是"資本主義市場中最強(qiáng)而有力的力量組織,也是最缺乏合理監(jiān)管的地方”.

替換表達(dá)：meaningless

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：Insignificant點(diǎn)評：insignificant是指某事情微不足道,不值得考慮(toosmallorunimportanttoconsiderorworryabout),例如：Yourealizethatyourproblemsareinsignificantincomparison.要知道,你的問題相對來說微不足道.這里應(yīng)該改為meaningless

2-人生的跌宕起伏upsanddowns

詞典釋義：upsanddownspluralnoun

■Ifsomeoneorsomethingexperiencesupsanddowns,amixtureofgoodandbadthingshappenstothem

盛衰;沉浮

?Likemostmarriedcoupleswe'vehadourupsanddowns,butlife'slikethat.和所有已婚夫婦一樣,我們也經(jīng)歷過沉浮波折,但生活就是如此.

外刊例句：Theyhavehadtheir

upsanddowns,butkeptthefamilyfirmtogetherfor150years()他們歷盡沉浮,150年來一直運(yùn)營著其家族公司.

替換表達(dá)：thepeaksand

troughsoflife

Everydollarweearnedwouldbeworthlessifwehadnocompanionswithwhomtoshareourupsanddowns,joysandsorrows.

[分析]本句的主句是Everydollarweearnedwouldbeworthless,這是一個(gè)主系表結(jié)構(gòu),其中,主語是Everydollarweearned,這里weearned是省略了關(guān)系代詞that的定語從句,修飾Everydollar.一般而言,關(guān)系代詞whom、that、which在定語從句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語或介詞的賓語時(shí)可省略.主句之后是由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,其主干是wehadnocompanions,其后是由withwhom引導(dǎo)的定語從句,注意這里關(guān)系代詞whom之后是一個(gè)不定式結(jié)構(gòu),這種"介詞+關(guān)系代詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”是一種縮略式的定語從句,本句補(bǔ)充完整即withwhom(wecan)shareourupsanddowns,joysandsorrows,這種情況通常出現(xiàn)在引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語時(shí).

3.有些人生于富裕家庭或者通過一些幸運(yùn)的情況創(chuàng)造了大量的財(cái)富,比如買到了中獎(jiǎng)的彩票.盡管這些人有錢,但他們都不算成功,除非他們能投身于某個(gè)事業(yè)或者人生目標(biāo)當(dāng)中,并且心靈得到了滋養(yǎng).Somepeopleare

bornintorichfamilies

(1.生于富裕家庭)orgeneratesubstantialwealththroughluckycircumstances,suchasbuyingawinninglotteryticket.Despitebeingwealthy,theseindividuals

wouldnotqualifyas(2.不能算作)successfulunlesstheyhadacareerorpurposeinlifetokeepthemoccupiedand

nurturetheirsouls(3.滋養(yǎng)心靈).

1-生于富裕家庭bornintorichfamilies

詞典釋義：beborninto/to/ofsth

(=beborninaparticularsituation,typeoffamilyetc)出生于某種境況(家庭等)

?One-thirdofallchildrenarebornintosingle-parentfamilies.有三分之一的孩子都生于單親家庭.

外刊例句：Theluckyonesjointopteamsfromthestart,thewaysomepeopleare

bornintorichfamilies.()幸運(yùn)兒以生于富貴人家的方式,一開始就身處最好的隊(duì)伍里.

替換表達(dá)：bebornwithasilverspoonintheirmouth

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：arebornin/fromtherichfamilies點(diǎn)評："出身于……的家庭”,其中介詞應(yīng)該用into;richfamilies是泛指,前面的定冠詞the應(yīng)該去掉.

2-不能算作wouldnotqualifyas

詞典釋義：qualify3.V-ERG及物/不及物動(dòng)詞

可稱得上;符合;可算作

To

qualifyas

somethingorto

bequalifiedas

somethingmeanstohaveallthefeaturesthatareneededtobethatthing.?13percentofAmericanhouseholds

qualify

aspoor,saysMr.Mishel...米歇爾先生說,13%的美國家庭符合貧困家庭的標(biāo)準(zhǔn).

?Thesepeopleseemtothinkthatreadingafewbooksonoldagequalifiesthemasexperts.這些人似乎以為自己讀了幾本關(guān)于老年人的書就可以算作專家了.

外刊例句：However,theonlywellfrackedintheUKsofar,whichcausedsmallearthquakesnearBlackpoolin2011,

wouldnotqualifyas

frackingunderthedefinition.

()然而,英國目前最厲害的壓裂處,盡管在2011年引起過布萊克浦的小型地震,仍談不上是定義中的壓裂帶.

替換表達(dá)：wouldnotbetermed/regarded/viewed(as)sth

3-滋養(yǎng)心靈nurturetheirsouls

詞典釋義：nurtureUK

['n?：.t??r]

US

['n?：.t??]

verb

transitive

formal

HELPDEVELOP

培育

■totakecareof,feedandprotectsomeoneorsomething,especiallyyoungchildrenorplants,andhelpthemtodevelop

養(yǎng)育,培育(尤指幼兒或植物)

?Shewantstostayathomeand

nurture

herchildren.她想留在家里照顧孩子.?acarefully

nurtured

garden精心打理的花園■tohelpaplanorapersontodevelopandbesuccessful

促進(jìn);扶助;培養(yǎng)

?Asarecordcompanydirector,hisjobisto

nurture

young

talent.作為唱片公司主管,他的職責(zé)是培養(yǎng)有才華的年輕人.

外刊例句：ApolicytosendgovernmentresearchinstitutesorextrainfrastructurefundingtotheplaceswiththebestplansforcivicimprovementcouldhelpmorecitiestoattractAmazon-likefirms—or

nurture

theirown.

()給那些有著優(yōu)良計(jì)劃提高城鎮(zhèn)環(huán)境的地方興建政府研究所或提供額外的基建基金,這種政策有助于讓更多城市能吸引來像亞馬遜這種優(yōu)質(zhì)公司——或者培育出自家的"亞馬遜”.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：soulwouldbeflourished點(diǎn)評：flourish含義是"茁壯成長”,且它是不及物動(dòng)詞,不能說soul

wouldbeflourished,這里可以改為nurture

their

souls

、

Q：生于富裕家庭bornintorichfamilies：請問這里可以用in么?A：born

inrichfamilies這種說法很少見,建議使用born

intorichfamilies

4.那些通過剝削他人或從事非法活動(dòng)來積累財(cái)富的人應(yīng)該被視為卑鄙的人物,而不是成功者.Thosewho

amasstheirfortunes

(1.積累財(cái)富)byexploitingothersorengaginginillegalactivityshould

beregardedasdespicablecreatures

(2.被視為卑鄙的人物)ratherthan

successstories(3.成功者).

1-積累財(cái)富amasstheirfortunes

詞典釋義：amass[?'m?s]

verb

transitive

■togetalargeamountofsomething,especiallymoneyorinformation,bycollectingitoveralongperiod

集聚,積累,大量收集(尤指錢或資訊)

?Shehas

amassed

ahuge

fortune

fromhernovels.她靠寫小說慢慢積攢了一大筆錢.?Someofhiscolleaguesenvytheenormous

wealth

thathehas

amassed.他積聚了大筆財(cái)富,這引起了一些同事的妒忌.

fortuneUK

['f?：.t?u：n]

US

['f?：r-]

noun

WEALTH

財(cái)富

IMPROVER

countable

■alargeamountofmoney,goods,property,etc

一大筆錢;大量財(cái)產(chǎn)

?Sheinheriteda

fortune

fromhergrandmother.她從祖母那里繼承了一大筆財(cái)產(chǎn).?Helosta

fortune

gambling.他賭博輸了一大筆錢.?Youcan

make

a

fortune

outofjunkifyoucallit'antiques'.把破爛叫做"古董”,就可以從中發(fā)一筆財(cái).?Thisdress

cost

a

(small)

fortune.這條連衣裙花了很多錢.?AnypaintingbyVanGoghis

worth

a

fortune.梵高的任何一幅作品都值一大筆錢.

外刊例句：Thesetycoons,whoareoftenlikenedtotherobberbaronsofAmerica’sGildedAgeattheturnofthe20thcentury,wouldgoonto

amass

vastfortunes.

()這些大亨宛如20世紀(jì)初美國鍍金時(shí)代的強(qiáng)盜貴族一般,將繼續(xù)大肆斂財(cái).

替換表達(dá)：accumulatewealth

2-被視為卑鄙的人物beregardedasdespicablecreatures

詞典釋義：

despicable[d?'sp?k.?.bl]

adjective

■veryunpleasantorbad,causingstrongfeelingsofdislike

令人厭惡的,可憎的

?despicable

behaviour令人厭惡的行為?He'sa

despicable

humanbeing!

他是個(gè)令人厭惡的人!?It

was

despicable

of

her

to

lieaboutherfriend.她就朋友的事說謊實(shí)在可憎.

creatureUK

['kri：.t??r]

US

[-t??]

noun

countable

■usedtorefertoapersonwhenanopinionisbeingex