中國文化教程Unit 23

2021/6/271Unit23LifewithFragrantTea2021/6/272Lead-inTextstudyExercisesContent2021/6/273Lead-in武夷山茶園Teaplantation

atWuyiMountain2021/6/274DoyouknowthestoryofDahongpaotea?Lead-in2021/6/275Lead-inAdditionalInfo傳說古時(shí)候有一窮秀才上京趕考路過武夷山時(shí)病倒在路上，幸被天心廟老方丈看見，泡了一碗茶給他喝，果然病就好了。后來秀才金榜題名中了狀元,還被招為東床駙馬。一個(gè)春日，狀元來到武夷山謝恩。在老方丈的陪同下，前呼后擁來到了九龍窠，只見峭壁上長著三株高大的茶樹，枝葉繁茂，吐著一簇簇嫩芽，在陽光下閃著紫紅色的光澤，煞是可愛。老方丈說:“去年你犯鼓脹病就是用這種茶葉泡茶治好的。很早以前，每逢春日茶樹發(fā)芽時(shí)，就鳴鼓召集群猴穿上紅衣褲爬上絕壁采下茶葉，炒制后收藏，可以治百病?！?021/6/276Lead-inAdditionalInfo

狀元聽了要求采制一盒進(jìn)貢皇上。第二天，廟內(nèi)燒香點(diǎn)燭，擊鼓鳴鐘，召來大小和尚向九龍窠進(jìn)發(fā)。眾人來到茶樹下焚香禮拜，然后采下芽葉精工制作，裝入錫盒。狀元帶了茶進(jìn)京后正遇皇后肚疼鼓脹臥床不起。狀元立即獻(xiàn)茶讓皇后服下，果然茶到病除?；噬洗笙玻瑢⒁患蠹t袍交給狀元，讓他代表自己去武夷山封賞。狀元封賞路上禮炮轟響，火燭通明，到了九龍窠。狀元命一樵夫爬上半山腰，將皇上賜的大紅袍披在茶樹上以示皇恩。說也怪，等掀開大紅袍時(shí)，三株茶樹的芽葉在陽光下閃出紅光。眾人說這是大紅袍染紅的。后來人們就把這三株茶樹叫做“大紅袍”，有人還在石壁上刻了“大紅袍”三個(gè)大字，從此大紅袍就成了年年歲歲的貢茶。2021/6/277IntroductionMagicalFunction

ofTeaWaysofSavoring

(品味)TeaTeaDrinkingandFolkCustomsTextstudy2021/6/278IntroductionoriginallyproducedinChinaabout4,000yearsago.DuringtheTangDynasty,JapanesemonksintroducedteaseedstoJapan,andbycombiningteawithZenBuddhism

(禪宗),createdtheworld-famousJapaneseteaceremony.Inthe17thcentury,theDutchtooktoEuropetheChinesehabitofteadrinking,whichthenbecameatraditionoftheEuropeans.2021/6/279IntroductionInChina,thehomeoftea,drinkingteaisstillawidespreadhabit.Overthepastseveralthousandyears,teahasbeenthemostfavoreddrinkfortheChinesepeople.However,thetea-drinkinghabitvariesfromnorthtosouthinstyle,anddifferenttea-drinkinghabitshavehelpeddevelopdifferentlocalcustoms.Teaiscloselyrelatedtotheeverydaylifeofordinarypeople.2021/6/2710IntroductionJustasmanyimportanteventstookplaceincafesintheWest,itisintheteahousesthatmanyimportantthingshappenedinChina.TeahouseshavealwaysbeenanimportantsettinginthelifeoftheChinesepeople.2021/6/2711IntroductionWhenteawasfirstintroducedtoEurope,itwaswarmlyacceptedandevenacclaimedasa“blessingfromGod”,andpeoplewentsofarastocongratulatethemselvesonbeingaliveatsuchatimewhentealeaveswerefound.InChina,loveforteaisjustas,ifnotmore,ardent(強(qiáng)烈的).2021/6/2712MagicalFunctionsofTeaWhatdoyouknowaboutthefunctionsoftea?LiuZhenliang,ateamasterofthelateTangDynasty,onceputforwardthetheoryofthe"tenvirtues"oftea:teaistasty;teacanmaintainhealth;teacandriveawaystinkingodors;teacanpreventtheattackofdiseases;teacancultivateenergyinthehumanbody;teacanrelievedepression;teacanimprovemanners;teacanconveyrespect;teacansoothethemind;andteacanupholdjustice.2021/6/2713MagicalFunctionsofTea2021/6/2714MagicalFunctionsofTeaDrinkingteaistosatisfytheneedsofthebodyaswellasthemind.Acupofrefreshingteaisabletonaturallyrelieveapersonofthirstwhilegivingcomfortandpleasure.AccordingtotraditionalChinesemedicine,drinkingteacancureavarietyofdiseases,becausetheslightlybitterandastringent

(昧澀的)teacontainselementssalutary

(有益健康的)forthebody.清黃易印茶熟香溫且自看Sealcarving,byHuangYi(1744-1802),QingDynasty:inscribedwithalineofverseexpressingtherelaxedminedwhiledrinkingtea2021/6/2715MagicalFunctionsofTeaToteadrinkers,thefirstandforemostpleasurederivedfromdrinkingteais"cleansing".Teapreferstogrowincleanplaces.Thecleaneraplace,thebetterthequalityoftheteaitnurtures.Fineteasusuallygrowonhighmountains,envelopedincloudsandmistsandinaclearatmosphere.武夷山WuyiMountain2021/6/2716MagicalFunctionsofTeaThesecondimportantfacetisthatof"seekingleisure".Thebustlingworld,fullofconfusionandargument,wearinessandexhaustion,damagesthemindandbodyofhumanbeings.Acupofrefreshingteacanparry

(擋開,避開)thesoundandfuryofthesecularworldatarm'slength.元趙原陸羽烹茶圖LuYuMakingTea,byZhaoYuan(birthanddeathdatesunknown),YuanDynasty.LuYu(733-804)oftheTangDynastywastheacclaimedTeaSaintofChina2021/6/2717MagicalFunctionsofTeaThethirdimportantfeatureisthatof"payingrespect".TheChinesepeoplehavelongfosteredthecustomofexpressingrespectbypresentingacupoftea.2021/6/2718WaysofSavoringTeaTheChinesepeoplelooktoteadrinkingasanart,whichincorporatesawiderangeofknowledge;thetasteofteamightbelight,yetthemeaningisrichanddeep.Howcouldwemakeagoodcupoftea?Whatshouldbetakenintoconsideration?2021/6/2719WaysofSavoringTeaTheChineseattachgreatimportancetothewater,tealeaves,teaset,andfire,whenmakinganddrinkingtea.2021/6/2720WaysofSavoringTeaWaterisanelementofpriorityinthemakingoftea.Tomakeagoodcupoftea,qualitywaterisamust.Tomakefinetea,waterfromhighmountainsisthebest,followedbywaterfromriversandwells.(byLuYu(733-804),TeaSaintoftheTangDynasty)WhydoesLuYusaythewordsaboveonteamaking?2021/6/2721WaysofSavoringTeaInthecloud-envelopedhighmountains,crystalclearspringwateristhebestformakingtea;waterinthebrooksthoughalsogood,isnotpurebecauseitsmellsoftheearth,thereforeisonlysecondbest.Consideredthirdiswaterfromwells,asartificialspringsfromundergroundareoftenstagnant(不流動(dòng)的)andtintedwiththeflavorofsalt.2021/6/2722WaysofSavoringTeaTheChinesepeoplealsoliketocollectsnowtomaketea.Theleisurelysceneof"makingteawithfreshlycollectedsnow,whilereadinginthelightofalamponacoldwinterday",isadmiredbymanyliterati.Snowiswhitebuteasilycontaminated,thereforepeopleliketocollectfreshsnowtomaketea.2021/6/2723WaysofSavoringTea

號(hào)稱天下第一泉的濟(jì)南趵突泉BaotuSpring,acclaimed“No.1SpringunderHeaven”2021/6/2724WaysofSavoringTeaAfterwater,thesecondmostimportantfactorformakinggoodteaistealeaves.Chinahasalonghistoryofcultivatingmiscellaneoustealeaves.Fromtheperspectiveofprocessing,tealeavesfallintothecategoriesofgreentea,blacktea,oolongtea,darktea,andscented

(有香味的)

tea.2021/6/2725WaysofSavoringTeaGreentea（themaintypeoftea,whoseoutputencompassesabout70percentoftotalproductioneachyear）—LongjingofHangzhou,BiluochunofJiangsu,andHuangshanMaofengandLiu'anGuapianofAnhui.Blacktea

(fermentedtea)—QimenBlackTeaofAnhuiandDianBlackTeaofYunnan.OolongteaismainlyproducedinTaiwanandintheWuyiMountainsinFujian.2021/6/2726DarkteaisrepresentedbyPu'erTeaofYunnan.Itisprocessedbyaddingwatertodriedgreentealeaves,whicharethenfermented.Thereareavarietyofscentedteas,includingchrysanthemumandjasmine

(茉莉花)tea,thefavoriteofnorthernChinese.WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2727Fineteaneedstobeservedinafineteaset.TheChinesepeoplepayparticularattentiontoteasets,whichmaybemadeofporcelain,ceramic,glassorwood.WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2728Thefourthandfinalelementinmakinggoodteaisthefire,whichshouldbe：

WaysofSavoringTea“Flowingwaterneedsalivefire.”

(bythefamousSong-dynastypoetSuDongpo)①live—referringtoacharcoal(木炭)fire②slow③exudingasenseofthewildwhilenothavingthatreek(惡臭)ofsmoke2021/6/2729IntheChineseteaceremony,therearefourtenets(原則)

thatateadrinkershouldobserve,i.e.,color,aroma,taste,andform.WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2730First,observethecolor.Differentteashavedifferentcolors,suchasblacktea,greentea,oolongtea,whitetea(leaveswithfineandsoftwhitehair),anddarktea.Whenmakingtea,peoplehavedifferentcolorrequirementsforthesedifferentteas.WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2731Greenteashouldbefresh,andthebestgreenteaisproducedinspring.TeapickedeitherbeforeQingmingFestivalortheGrainRain(daymarkingthebeginningofthesixthsolartermthatfallsonApril9,20,or21),isfavoredbypeople,duetotheleaves’tenderness,freshnessandgreennesswithatouchofyellow.Thistypeofteapresentsanunforgettabletransparentimageinaglassofhotwater.WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2732WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2733Oolongteahasadeepbrowncolorgivingasenseofweightandseclusion.Itshouldbemadeinateapot,andlookthickandgoldenwhenpouredinateacup.WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2734WaysofSavoringTeaLongjingteaBiluochunteaQimenBlackTeaDahongpaoteaPu’erteaJasminetea2021/6/2735Second,observethearoma.Fineteashouldhaveaspecialfragranceofitsown.TheChinesepeoplehavethreewaysofenjoyingthearomaoftea:smellingitwithone'snoseoncethetealeavesareputintoateacup;tastingitwiththetongueoncetheteaisinthemouthandthefragranceoverflows;andappreciatingitwiththeheartastheunforgettablearomalingersinthemouth,justlikeenjoyingafreshbreeze.WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2736Third,observethetaste.Mentionthetasteoftea,andatealoverwouldtellyouthatthebitternessofteaisthemostimportantofallteaflavors.Teaitselfhasasubtlebitterness,which,ifonesipsitslowly,wouldturnintosweetness,thatis,whenbitternessends,sweetnessbegins.WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2737Fourth,observetheform.Theshapeoftealeavesshouldalsobeobservedwhendrinkingtea,especiallygreentea.WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2738Forexample,thetenderleavesofLongjingTea,pickedinthemists,wouldeachstandupinhotwaterbeforetheyslowlyunfoldandstretchandfalldown.Againstthebackgroundofawhiteteacup,theylookasiftheyareperformingagracefuldance.Liu'anGuapian,anotherfamousgreentea,isanothergoodexample.Theedgeofeachleafofthiskindofteacurvesupward,itscolorbrightgreen.Inhotwater,theleavesresemblelotusflowers,hencetheteahaslongbeenafavoriteofChinesepeople.WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2739Fineteaisacombinationofcolor,aroma,taste,andform,andrequirespatiencetobewellappreciated.Therefore,Chinesepeoplespeakof“savoringtea”,insteadof“drinkingtea”;anyhurryherewouldbetaboo.WaysofSavoringTea2021/6/2740Drinkingtea,along-establishedcustompopularwiththeChinesepeople,iscloselyrelated老舍茶館的賞茶會(huì)Asceneofa“TeaAppreciationCeremony”intheLaoSheTeahouseinBeijing

TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms2021/6/2741Inthosegoodtimesofold,ToateahousemyfatherIfollowed.BeforetheteahouseIplayedwithshellsAndatthelaneentrance,withsand.—WangZengqiTeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms記得舊時(shí)好，跟隨爹爹去吃茶。門前磨螺殼，巷口弄泥沙?！粼?021/6/2742WangZengqibelievedthiswas“atrulyfinepoem”.Theauthordescribestheritualoffollowinghisfathertoateahouseduringhischildhood.Heplayedwithshellsandsandattheentrancetothelaneinfrontoftheteahouse.Whatahappytimeitwas!Thewholepoemexpressesasoft,touchingmelancholypermeated

(彌漫)withstrongpoeticflavor.TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms2021/6/2743ManyChinesefolkcustomsarerelatedtotea,suchastheweddingceremony.Teatreesgrowoutofseeds,andcannotbemoved,sonewlywedscustomarilyplantteaseedstosymbolizetheirdevotiontolove.Theengagementceremonyiscalleda“teaceremony”inChina,whichisstillpopularinsomeplaces.TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms2021/6/2744Manylovesongsarerelatedtoteadrinking,too.AccordingtotherecordsofLuYou(1125-1210),aSong-dynastypoet,insomeplaces,singleyoungmenandwomenoftenmettosing:TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms“Younggirl,asprettyastealeaves,/Wouldyoupleasecomeoutforacupoftea?”

(小娘子，葉底花，無事出來吃盞茶)2021/6/2745”MyhomeissituatedbythePantuoRiver,Comehaveteasometime,mysweetheart.Withearthenwallsandathatched

(茅頂?shù)?rootInfront,asilktreeinfullbloom.“TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms盤陀江上是儂家，郎若閑時(shí)來吃茶。黃土筑墻茅蓋屋，門前一樹馬櫻花。Note:Thesilktreeanddrinkingteabothsymbolizeloveandmarriage.Withthesetwoimages,thisromanticlovesongsoundsevenmorevividandpoetic.2021/6/2746ExercisesComprehensionCommunicationApplication2021/6/2747Comprehensionl.SkimmingandScanning

Gothroughthepassagequicklyandanswerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.1)WhatdidtheChinesepeoplecontributetotheworldaccordingtoParagraph1?2)Whoproposedthetheoryofthe"tenvirtues"oftea?TeawasanimportantcontributionoftheChinesepeopletotheworld.LiuZhenliangproposedthetheoryof"tenvirtues"oftea.2021/6/27484)Whatarethefourimportantfactorswhenmakinganddrinkingtea?5)Whatkindsofwateraregoodforteamaking?Thefourfactorsofmakinganddrinkingteaaretealeaves,water,teasetsandfire.Comprehension3)Whatarethethreemainfunctionsofdrinkingtea?Thethreemostimportantfunctionsinclude:itcanhelpcleanseandbalancethebody,calmdownpeople'smindsandbeusedtoexpressrespectforpeople.Theyarewaterfromhighmountains,waterinthebrooks,andwaterfromwells.2021/6/2749Comprehension7)IntheChineseteaceremony,whattenetsshouldateadrinkerobserve?8)Howcanthearomaofteabeenjoyedintheteaceremony?AccordingtoParagraph15,teaisclassifiedintodifferentcategoriesdependingontheirwaysofprocessing.Ateadrinkershouldobservefourtenets:color,aroma,tasteandform.Somecraftspeopleevendonotsettheireyesonwhattheyaredoingwhiledoingpaper-cuttingbecausetheyaresoskilledatthisfolkartthattheycandoitlikedoingmagictricks.6)HowisteaclassifiedintodifferentcategoriesaccordingtoParagraph15?2021/6/2750ComprehensionBecauseteatreesgrowoutofseeds,andcannotbemoved,sonewlywedscustomarilyplantteaseedstosymbolizetheirdevotiontolove.10)WhydoChinesepeoplecalltheengagementceremonya"teaceremony"insomeplaces?9)Whatisthemostimportanttasteoftea?Bitternesswhichcanturnsweetisthemostimportanttasteoftea.2021/6/2751II.CarefulReading

1.Readthepassagecarefullyandfillinthefollowingblankswiththemissinginformation.Itwasnotuntil________________yearsagothatteawasgrowninothercountriesthanChina.Teaissoimportanttotheordinarylifeofpeoplethatithasinfluenced__________________.Drinkingteacancuresomediseasesbecause______________________________________________________________.Comprehension

alittlemorethan200different

local

customstheslightlybitterandastringentteacontainselementssalutaryforthebody2021/6/27524)Becausethemostimportantfunctionofteaiscleansing,thequalityofteamostlydependson

__________________________.5)Insocialinteraction,_____________________________aswellasrespectcanbeexpressedbytea.6)Manyliteratidreamedofmakingteawith_________________.7)AccordingtoLuYu,thetopspringsforteaare________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Comprehensionwhetheritisgrowninacleanplacewelcome,hospitality,goodwishesfreshlycollectedsnowtheHuishanSpringinWuxi,JiangsuProvince,BaotuSpringinJi’nan,ShandongProvince,andtheHupaoSpringinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince2021/6/27538)BoccaroteasetproducedinYixingismentionedasanexampleof_____________.9)Thefireformakinggoodteashouldbe____and_____.10)Greenteashouldbe______,______and_______________________,whileOolongteahasadeepbrowncolorgivingasenseofweightandseclusion.11)Ifthetealeavesstandupinhotwaterbeforetheyslowlyunfoldandstretchandfalldown,thenwecanjudgeitis________tea.ComprehensionceramicteasetsliveslowtenderfreshgreenwithatouchofyellowLongjing2021/6/275412)InthesongmentionedinParagraph30,thewooersexpresstheirloveforthegirlsby_______________.Comprehensioninvitingthemtotea2021/6/27552.PutthefollowingintoEnglishbyreferringtothepassage.綠茶（龍井、碧螺春、黃山毛峰、六安瓜片）2)紅茶（祁門紅茶、滇紅茶）Comprehensiongreentea(LongjingofHangzhou,BiluochunofJiangsu,HuangshanMaofengandLiu'anGuapianofAnhui)blacktea(QimenBlackTeaofAnhui,DianBlackTeaofYunnan)2021/6/27563)烏龍茶4)黑茶（普洱茶）5)花茶（菊花茶、茉莉花茶）Comprehensionoolongteadarktea(Pu'erTeaofYunnan)scentedtea(chrysanthemumtea,jasminetea)2021/6/2757CommunicationInChina,thehomeoftea,drinkingteaisawidespreadhabit.Meanwhile,asmentionedinthepassage,Britishpeoplehavedevelopedthecustomofafternoontea.WhatdoyouknowabouttheafternoonteacustominBritain?2021/6/2758ApplicationChineseteahousesaresimilartoAmericancoffeehousesinmanyways.ReadthefollowingintroductionofAmericancoffeehousesandcomparethemwithChineseteahouses.CoffeeshopsintheUnitedStatesarosefromtheItaliancoffeehousesoftheItalianAmericanimmigrantcommunitieswhichmainlysoldespresso(蒸餾咖啡)andpastry.IntheUnitedStates,theFrenchwordforcoffeehouse(cafe)meansaninformalrestaurant,offeringaran