非謂語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

2009屆高三英語(yǔ)考前知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納非謂語(yǔ)ByShiJingdouPAGEPAGE6動(dòng)名詞在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。高考重點(diǎn)考查動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)要注意它的邏輯主語(yǔ)（形容詞性物主代詞和’s），作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)主要考查在哪些動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)，如suggest,risk,mean,remember,understand,regret,consider,stand,appreciate,avoid,delay,等。作介詞賓語(yǔ)，如在介詞in,for,on等后作賓語(yǔ)。另外還要注意它的否定式（not要放在動(dòng)名詞前），完成式(havingdone)，完成被動(dòng)式(havingbeendone)?！飫?dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)1.__________tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldo（謂語(yǔ)）harmtoone'sskin.A.Exposed

B.HavingexposedC.Beingexposed

D.Afterbeingexposed2.Somethingassimpleas____________somecoldwatermayclear（謂語(yǔ)）yourmindand

relivepressure.A.todrink B.drinkingC.tobedrinkingD.drunk3.Fishingishisfavoritehobby,and____________.A.he’dliketocollectcoinsaswellB.hefeelslikecollectingcoins,too C.tocollectcoinsisalsohishobbyD.collectingcoinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure4.______themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.A.ThepresidentwillattendB.ThepresidenttoattendB.ThepresidentattendedD.Thepresident'sattending★動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)1.AccordingtoarecentU.S.survey,childrenspentupto25hoursaweek_________TV.(spendtime(in)doingsth.) A.towatchB.towatchingC.watchingD.watch2.Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtime________theexam. A．pass B．topass C．passed D．passing3.Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultywehad______homeinthesnowstorm.(havedifficulty/troubleindoing)A.walkedB.walkC.towalkD.walking4.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosed B.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose5.Hemadeuphismindtodevoteall(hehad)to(介詞)someschoolsforpoorchildren.A.setup B.settingupC.havesetup D.havingsetup6.Ihearthey’vepromotedTom,buthedidn’tmention_____whenwetalkedonthephone.A.topromoteB.havingbeenpromotedC.havingpromotedD.tobepromoted7.Ireallycan'tunderstand______herlikethat.A．youtreat B．youtotreat C．whytreat D．youtreating8.Itisdifficulttoimaginehis________thedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.A.acceptB.acceptingC.toacceptD.accepted9.Thereisastoryhereinthepaperabouta110-year-oldman.Mygoodness!Ican’timagine_________thatold.A.tobe B.tohavebeen C.being D.havingbeen10.Afterhebecameconscious，heremembered______and______ontheheadwithsrod.A.toattack;hitB.tobeattacked；tobehitC.attacking；behitD.havingbeenattacked；hit11.Theparentssuggested______inthehotelroombuttheirkidswereanxioustocampoutduringthetrip.A.sleep B.tosleepC.sleeping D.havingslept12.—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted______hisadvice!A.totakeB.takingC.nottotakeD.nottaking動(dòng)詞不定式可以在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。高考重點(diǎn)考查不定式作賓語(yǔ)、后置定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)（其中主要考查作目的狀語(yǔ)/結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)(onlyto/neverto)/原因狀語(yǔ)）和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)?！锬男﹦?dòng)詞后要接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，如decide,like,expect,wish,prefer,continue,manage,offer,start,forget,remember,choose,learn,pretend,promise,desire，want等?！锬男﹦?dòng)詞后能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如ask/tell/invite/force/advise/get/allow/want/wish/order/prefer/encourage/warn/permit等★不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)主要作后置定語(yǔ)，放在被修飾的名詞后（注意，如果該不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞，則要在該不定式后加介詞）。★動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式(nottodo)，被動(dòng)式(tobedone)，完成式(tohavedone)，進(jìn)行式(tobedoing)，完成被動(dòng)式(tohavebeendone)也是高考的重點(diǎn)?！镆恍﹦?dòng)詞后既可以接不定式，也可以接ing，但意義完全不一樣，如mean/remember/try/regret/stop/forget/goon/consider等?！镄稳菰~或過去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面常接不定式作狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明原因。如happy/lucky/sorry/proud/surprised/fortunate/honoured/ready/delighted等。1.Ittookalongtimefortheconnectionbetweenbodytemperatureandillness.（主語(yǔ)）A.tomakeB.tobemadeC.makingD.beingmade2.________theemployees'workingefficiency,thesupervisorwillallowthemtohaveacoffeebreak.(目的)A.ImprovingB.ToimproveC.Havingimproved D.Improved3.thesafetyofgas,thegovernmenthascheckedthecity’sgassupplysystemthoroughly. A．ToensureB．EnsuringC．Havingensured. D．Tohaveensured(目的)4.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthereforaspaceflight.(目的)A.trainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained5.Mr.Greenstoodupindefenseofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone．（后置定語(yǔ)）A．blamedB．blamingC．toblameD．tobeblamed6.—Thelastone________paysthemeal.—Agreed!（后置定語(yǔ)）A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving7.Ifthereisalotofwork___,I'mhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished.（后置定語(yǔ)）

A.todo B.tobedoing C.done D.doing8.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole_____inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.（后置定語(yǔ)）A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying9.Thiscompanywasthefirst____portableradiosaswellascassettetaperecordersintheworld.（后置定語(yǔ)）A.producingB.toproduceC.havingproducedD.produced10.Policearenowsearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto________sincethefloodhitthearealastFriday.A.havebeenmissingB.havegotlostC.bemissingD.getlost11.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen,butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember. A．tobeheard B．tobehearing C．tohear D．tohaveheard12.Energydrinksarenotallowed______inAustraliabutarebroughtinfromNewZealand.A.tomakeB.tobemadeC.tohavebeenmadeD.tobemaking（賓補(bǔ)）13.—Excusemesir,whereisRoom301?—Justaminute.I’llhaveBob____youtoyourroom.（賓補(bǔ)）A.showB.showsC.toshowD.showing14.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_______thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）15．Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_______intimeforChristmas. A．inordertohavereceived B．inordertoreceive C．soastobereceived D．soastobereceiving16.Ifeelgreatlyhonored____intotheirsociety.（形容詞后）A.towelcomeB.welcomingC.tobewelcomedD.welcomed17.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood______.（形容詞后）A.tobebreathed B.tobreathe C.breathing D.beingbreathed18.Idon’twantlikeI’mspeakingillofanybody,butthemanager’splanisunfair．A．tosoundB．tobesoundedC．soundingD．tohavesounded（賓語(yǔ)）現(xiàn)在分詞(ing)表主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行意義，在句中可以作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)（后置）、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)?！铿F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表時(shí)間、伴隨、結(jié)果、原因、方式等。1.Asthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamoment,not_________,andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.（伴隨）A.movedBmovingC.tomoveD.beingmoved2.Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,always_________thesamething.（伴隨）A.saying B.said C.tosay D.havingsaid3.Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs,_______thatallchildrenlikethesethings.（伴隨）A.thinking B.think C.tothink D.thought4.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,_____arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.（結(jié)果）A．havereachedB．reachingC．toreachD．tobereaching5.____thatshewasgoingofftosleep,Iaskedifshe’dlikethatlittledollonherbed.（時(shí)間）A.SeeingB.ToseeC.SeeD.Seen6.______thathewasingreatdanger,Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.（原因）A.NotrealizedB.NottorealizeC.NotrealizingD.Nottohaverealized★現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)（后置）,可改為which/whois(are)doing/do(does)sth.1.ReadingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV;therearepictures_____inyourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes.(therearepicturewhichforminyourmind) A.toform B.form C.forming D.havingformed2.Theflowers____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.(Theflowerswhichsmellsweetin……) A.tosmell B.smelling C.smelt D.tobesmelt3.Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket__________thedesert.A.coveringB.coveredC.coverD.tocover4.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow________hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.A．said B．says C．saying D．tosay5.Thebell_____theendoftheperiodrang,_____ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating…interrupting B.indicated…interruptingC.indicating…interrupted D.indicated…interrupted6.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudentsChineseintheschool,mostwerefromGermany.A.study;ofwhom B.study;ofthemC.studying;ofthem D.studying;ofwhom★現(xiàn)在分詞在下列動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，smell/see/watch/hear/notice/catch/leave/have/find.1.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman____hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.put B.tobeputtingC.toput D.putting2.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfoundinthekitchen. A．smoke B．smoking C．tosmoke D．smoked★現(xiàn)在分詞完成式或完成被動(dòng)式(havingdone/havingbeendone)。1.fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.A.Suffered B.SufferingC.Havingsuffered D.Beingsuffered2.Theoldman,________abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.A.towork B.working C.tohaveworked D.havingworked3.______inthequeenforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.A.WaitingB.TowaitC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited4._________suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered5._________aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.A.HavingshownB.TobeshownC.HavingbeenshownD.Toshow★過去分詞表被動(dòng)或完成意義，在句中作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)(后置)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。1.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish___asmuchaswecan.A.speak. B.speaking C.spoken D.tospeak(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))2.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow．You’vehaditoftenenough．A．explainingB．toexplainC．explainD．explained(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))3.InthedreamPetersawhimself___byafiercewolf,andhewokesuddenlywithastart.A.chased B.tobechased C.bechased D.havingbeenchased(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))4.—Canthose____atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?(后置定語(yǔ))—Noproblem.(可改為those(whoare)seatedatthebackoftheclassroom)A.seatB.sitC.seatedD.sat5.Don'tusewords,expressions,orphrases_______onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknown

B.havingbeenknownC.tobeknown

D.known(后置定語(yǔ))6.Ideally_______forBroadwaytheatreandFifthAvenue,theNewYorkParkhotelisafavouritewithmanyguests.(狀語(yǔ))

A.locating B.beinglocated C.havingbeenlocated D.located7.______byagreaterdemandofvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.(狀語(yǔ))A.DrivenB.BeingdrivenC.TodriveD.Havingdriven★with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的ing形式、不定式形式和ed形式。1.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise.(thenoiseisgoingon)A．goingon B．goesonC．wentonD．togoon2.—Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.(workisfillingmymind)—Sorry.Withsomuchworkmymind,Ialmostbreakdown.A.filled B.filling C.tofillD.beingfilled3.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____，thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime．A．settledB．settlingC．tosettleD．beingsettled4.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork________,hegladlyacceptedit.A.finishedB.finishingC.havingfinishedD.wasfinished(hisworkisfinished)★ing形式、ed形式和when/if/though/as/while/unless/evenif/once等連用。1.Generallyspeaking,accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A．whentakingB．whentaken C．whentotakeD．whentobetaken（藥被服用）2.When______differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A.compared B.beingcomparedC.comparing D.havingcompared3.Though_____,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingC.lackingD.lackingin(parents與lack之間系主動(dòng)關(guān)系)4.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless________everyday.A.wateredB.wateringC.waterD.towater(flowers與water之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系)5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce__________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginning D.begun(research與begin之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系)★過去分詞ed形式和介詞連用，在句中作狀語(yǔ)（dressedin/accustomedto/equippedwith/addictedto/satisfiedwith/interestedin/preparedfor等）1._____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpoliceA．HavinglostB．LostC．BeinglostD．Losing2._______withadifficultsituation,Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.A.TofaceB.HavingfacedC.FacedD.Facing★考查非謂語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致問題。1.InordertoimproveEnglish,.A.Je