顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)課件

150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)SummaryofFunctionofCranialNerves150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveI:OlfactoryArisesfromtheolfactoryepitheliumPassesthroughthecribriformplateoftheethmoidboneFibersrunthroughtheolfactorybulbandterminateintheprimaryolfactorycortexFunctionssolelybycarryingafferentimpulsesforthesenseofsmell150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveI:OlfactoryFigureIfromTable13.2150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveII:OpticArisesfromtheretinaoftheeyeOpticnervespassthroughtheopticcanalsandconvergeattheopticchiasmTheycontinuetothethalamuswheretheysynapseFromthere,theopticradiationfibersruntothevisualcortexFunctionssolelybycarryingafferentimpulsesforvision150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveII:OpticFigureIITable13.2150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveIII:OculomotorFibersextendfromtheventralmidbrain,passthroughthesuperiororbitalfissure,andgototheextrinsiceyemusclesFunctionsinraisingtheeyelid,directingtheeyeball,constrictingtheiris,andcontrollinglensshapeThelatter2functionsareparasympatheticallycontrolledParasympatheticcellbodiesareintheciliaryganglia150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveIII:OculomotorFigureIIIfromTable13.2150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveIV:TrochlearFibersemergefromthedorsalmidbrainandentertheorbitsviathesuperiororbitalfissures;innervatethesuperiorobliquemusclePrimarilyamotornervethatdirectstheeyeball150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveIV:TrochlearFigureIVfromTable13.2150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveV:TrigeminalComposedofthreedivisionsOphthalmic(V1)Maxillary(V2)Mandibular(V3)Fibersrunfromthefacetotheponsviathesuperiororbitalfissure(V1),theforamenrotundum(V2),andtheforamenovale(V3)Conveyssensoryimpulsesfromvariousareasoftheface(V1)and(V2),andsuppliesmotorfibers(V3)formasticationTicdouloureuxortrigeminalneuralgia-Mostexcruciatingpainknown(?)-Causedbyinflammationofnerve-Inseverecases,nerveiscut;relievesagonybutresultsinloss ofsensationonthatsideoftheface150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveV:Trigeminal150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveVI:AbducensFibersleavetheinferiorponsandentertheorbitviathesuperiororbitalfissurePrimarilyamotornerveinnervatingthelateralrectusmuscle(abductstheeye;thusthenameabducens)150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveVII:FacialFibersleavethepons,travelthroughtheinternalacousticmeatus,andemergethroughthestylomastoidforamentothelateralaspectofthefaceMotorfunctionsinclude;FacialexpressionTransmittalofparasympatheticimpulsestolacrimalandsalivaryglands(submandibularandsublingualglands)Sensoryfunctionistastefromtastebudsofanteriortwo-thirdsofthetongue150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveVII:FacialFigureVIIfromTable13.2150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)FacialNerve(CNVII)

Bell’spalsy:paralysisoffacialmusclesonaffectedsideandlossoftastesensationCausedbyherpessimplexIvirusLowereyeliddroopsCornerofmouthsagsTearsdripcontinuouslyandeyecannotbecompletelyclosed(dryeyemayoccur)Conditionmydisappearspontaneouslywithouttreatment150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveVIII:VestibulocochlearFibersarisefromthehearingandequilibriumapparatusoftheinnerear,passthroughtheinternalacousticmeatus,andenterthebrainstematthepons-medullaborderTwodivisions–cochlear(hearing)andvestibular(balance)Functionsaresolelysensory–equilibriumandhearing150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveVIII:VestibulocochlearFigureVIIIfromTable13.2150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveIX:GlossopharyngealFibersemergefromthemedulla,leavetheskullviathejugularforamen,andruntothethroatNerveIXisamixednervewithmotorandsensoryfunctionsMotor–innervatespartofthetongueandpharynx,andprovidesmotorfiberstotheparotidsalivaryglandSensory–fibersconducttasteandgeneralsensoryimpulsesfromthetongueandpharynx150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveIX:GlossopharyngealFigureIXfromTable13.2150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveX:VagusTheonlycranialnervethatextendsbeyondtheheadandneckFibersemergefromthemedullaviathejugularforamenThevagusisamixednerveMostmotorfibersareparasympatheticfiberstotheheart,lungs,andvisceralorgansItssensoryfunctionisintasteParalysisleadstohoarsenessTotaldestructionincompatiblewithlife150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveX:Vagus150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveXI:AccessoryFormedfromacranialrootemergingfromthemedullaandaspinalrootarisingfromthesuperiorregionofthespinalcordThespinalrootpassesupwardintothecraniumviatheforamenmagnumTheaccessorynerveleavesthecraniumviathejugularforamenPrimarilyamotornerveSuppliesfiberstothelarynx,pharynx,andsoftpalateInnervatesthetrapeziusandsternocleidomastoid,whichmovetheheadandneck150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveXI:AccessoryFigureXIfromTable13.2150Cranialnerves顱神經(jīng)-醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)CranialNerveXII:HypoglossalFibersarisefromthemedullaandexittheskullviathehypoglossalcanalInnervatesboth