機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢 Regular Spot Check o

設(shè)備管理與維修預(yù)防EquipmentManagementandPreventiveMaintenance機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢RegularSpotCheckofElectromechanicalEquipment柳州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院/機(jī)電工程學(xué)院LiuzhouVocationalandTechnicalCollege/SchoolofMechanicalandElectricalEngineering課程導(dǎo)入CourseIntroduction設(shè)備是不會(huì)說(shuō)話的嬰兒，嬰兒:會(huì)動(dòng)，會(huì)哭，會(huì)撒嬌，

Equipmentislikenon-verbalbabies:Theycanmove,cry,andcoo,設(shè)備:振動(dòng)、噪音、泄漏來(lái)抗議、來(lái)引起我們的關(guān)注；

Equipment:Makevibration,noise,andleakagetoprotestandattractourattention;人們總是希望：又要馬兒跑，又要馬兒少吃草！

Itisalwayshopedthathorsesrunfastwhileeatinglessgrass!該頁(yè)為二維動(dòng)畫(huà)Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation目錄Contents學(xué)習(xí)

內(nèi)容LearningContents一

/I.機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢定義DefinitionofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment二

/II.機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢目的PurposeofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment三

/III.機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment四

/IV機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢內(nèi)容ContentofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment五

/V.數(shù)控機(jī)床定期點(diǎn)檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools一、設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢的定義I.DefinitionofRegularSpotCheckforEquipment設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢的定義DefinitionofRegularSpotCheckforEquipment設(shè)備通過(guò)人的五感或者借助工具、儀器，按照預(yù)先設(shè)定的周期和方法，對(duì)設(shè)備上的規(guī)定部位（點(diǎn)）進(jìn)行有無(wú)異常的預(yù)防性周密檢查的過(guò)程。

Itreferstotheprocessinvolvingpreventiveandthoroughinspectionsofspecifiedareas(points)onequipment

forabnormalities,usinghumanfivesensesortoolsandinstruments,followingpredeterminedcyclesandmethods.種類Type檢查方法Inspectionmethod設(shè)備對(duì)象Equipmentobject責(zé)任人Responsibleperson周期Cycle檢查內(nèi)容InspectionContents定期點(diǎn)檢Regularspotcheck無(wú)需解體，憑五官及簡(jiǎn)單儀器進(jìn)行檢查Nodisassemblyisrequired,andtheexaminationshallbecarriedoutwithhumansenseandsimpleinstruments產(chǎn)品主作業(yè)生產(chǎn)線Mainoperationproductionlineofproducts專職點(diǎn)檢員Dedicatedinspector按維護(hù)保養(yǎng)計(jì)劃而定，通常為0.5天-1天Itisdeterminedaccordingtothemaintenanceschedule,usuallyrangingfrom0.5daysto1day設(shè)備運(yùn)行前檢查振動(dòng)、溫升、磨損、異響、松動(dòng)、漏水、氣、油、潤(rùn)滑狀態(tài)等Checkthevibration,temperaturerise,wear,abnormalsound,looseness,waterleakage,air,oil,andlubricationstatusbeforeequipmentoperation局部解體或循環(huán)維修的方法，或用儀器、儀表測(cè)試等方法Methodsofpartialdisassemblyorcyclicmaintenance,ortheuseofinstrumentsandtestingmethods單臺(tái)設(shè)備或產(chǎn)品主作業(yè)生產(chǎn)線Mainoperationproductionlineofsingleequipmentorproduct專職點(diǎn)檢員Dedicatedinspector按設(shè)備維護(hù)保養(yǎng)計(jì)劃定，通常為1天-1周Itisdeterminedaccordingtothemaintenancescheduleofequipment,usuallyrangingfrom1dayto1week傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)、進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)、潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)、冷卻系統(tǒng)等檢查、清掃、緊固、調(diào)整Check,clean,fasten,andadjustthedrivingmechanism,feedingmechanism,lubricationsystem,andcoolingsystem視覺(jué)Visual聽(tīng)覺(jué)Hearing嗅覺(jué)Smell觸覺(jué)Tactile味覺(jué)Taste看Look聽(tīng)Listen聞Smell摸Touch嘗Taste二、機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢目的II.PurposeofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢目的機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢目的通過(guò)定期點(diǎn)檢準(zhǔn)確掌握設(shè)備狀況，提前維持和改善設(shè)備工作性能，預(yù)防事故發(fā)生，減少停機(jī)時(shí)間，延長(zhǎng)設(shè)備壽命，降低維修費(fèi)用，保證正常生產(chǎn)

Accuratelyassesstheconditionofequipmentthroughregularinspections,proactivelymaintainandimproveoperationalperformance,preventaccidents,reducedowntime,extendequipmentlifespan,lowermaintenancecosts,andensureuninterruptedproduction.接線端接觸不良Poorcontactofterminals皮帶破損Beltdamage三、機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢方法III.MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment該頁(yè)為二維動(dòng)畫(huà)Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment該頁(yè)為二維動(dòng)畫(huà)Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation詳細(xì)設(shè)定設(shè)備應(yīng)檢查的部位、項(xiàng)目及內(nèi)容，做到有目的、有方向地實(shí)施點(diǎn)檢作業(yè)。Thedetailedconfigurationspecifiesthelocations,items,andcontentthatshouldbeinspected,ensuringthatthespotcheckiscarriedoutpurposefullyanddirectionally.1定點(diǎn)：Fixedpoint:機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment該頁(yè)為二維動(dòng)畫(huà)Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation即制訂標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，作為衡量和判別檢查部位是否正常的依據(jù)。Itestablishesstandardsasthebasisformeasuringanddeterminingwhetherinspectionsitesfunctioningnormally.2定標(biāo)：Fixedstandard:實(shí)拍機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment該頁(yè)為二維動(dòng)畫(huà)Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation對(duì)檢查項(xiàng)目制訂明確的檢查方法，即采用“五官”判別，或是借助于簡(jiǎn)單的工具、儀器進(jìn)行判別。Theformulationofspecificinspectionmethodsforinspectionitemsusesthe'fivesenses'judgmentorreliesonsimpletoolsandinstrumentsforjudgment.3定法：Fixedmethod:紅外測(cè)溫儀Infraredthermometer鉗形電流表Clip-onammeter機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment該頁(yè)為二維動(dòng)畫(huà)Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation制訂點(diǎn)檢周期，按設(shè)備重要程度、檢查部位是否重點(diǎn)等。Establishthepointcheckcyclebasedontheimportanceofequipmentandwhethertheinspectionpointsarecritical.4定期：Fixedperiod:制訂點(diǎn)檢項(xiàng)目的實(shí)施人員（生產(chǎn)、點(diǎn)檢、專業(yè)技術(shù)人員等）。Thepersonnelresponsibleforimplementinginspectionprojects(productionstaff,inspectionpersonnel,andprofessionalswithtechnicalexpertise).5定人：Fixedpeople:四、機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢內(nèi)容IV.ContentofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment機(jī)電設(shè)備定期點(diǎn)檢內(nèi)容ContentofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment緊固Fastening清潔Cleaning加油Refueling加油Refueling五、數(shù)控機(jī)床定期點(diǎn)檢作業(yè)V.RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools數(shù)控機(jī)床定期點(diǎn)檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools（一）定期點(diǎn)檢的目的和作用(I)Thepurposeandfunctionofregularspotchecks延長(zhǎng)平均無(wú)故障時(shí)間，增加機(jī)床的開(kāi)動(dòng)率；

Extendtheaveragetimebetweenfaultsandincreasethemachinetooloperationrate;便于及早發(fā)現(xiàn)故障隱患，避免停機(jī)損失；

Facilitatesearlydetectionoffaultsandriskstoavoiddowntimelosses;期保持?jǐn)?shù)控設(shè)備的加工精度。

MaintainthemachiningprecisionofCNCequipmentoverthelongterm.例如Forexample定期檢查、調(diào)整絲杠螺母副的軸向間隙。Regularlyinspectandadjusttheaxialclearanceofthescrewandnutassembly.主軸Spindle冷卻風(fēng)管Coolingairduct滾珠絲杠內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)BallscrewInternalstructure數(shù)控機(jī)床定期點(diǎn)檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools1.定點(diǎn)1.Fixedpoint確定維護(hù)點(diǎn)Determinethemaintenancepoints2.定標(biāo)2.Fixedstandard對(duì)維護(hù)點(diǎn)制訂標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Establishstandardsformaintenancepoints3.定期3.Fixedperiod定出檢查周期Determinetheinspectionperiod4.定項(xiàng)4.Fixeditem明確檢查項(xiàng)目Specifytheinspectionitems5.定人5.Fixedpeople落實(shí)到人Assignedtospecificpersonnel6.定法6.Fixedmethod檢查方法Inspectionmethod7.檢查7.Inspection檢查步驟Inspectionsteps8.記錄8.Record詳細(xì)做記錄內(nèi)容與時(shí)間Recordcontentandtimeindetail9.處理9.Treatment能處理的則做處理Treatthosethatcanbetreated10.分析10.Analysis分析找出薄弱環(huán)節(jié)Analyzeandidentifyweaklinks時(shí)長(zhǎng)不足的情況下可以考慮做成二維動(dòng)畫(huà)Two-dimensionalanimationcanbeconsideredincaseofinsufficientduration（二）定期點(diǎn)檢的內(nèi)容(II)Contentsofregularspotcheck數(shù)控機(jī)床定期點(diǎn)檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools1.日常點(diǎn)檢1.Dailyspotcheck機(jī)床的一般部位進(jìn)行點(diǎn)檢。Performspotchecksonthegeneralpartsofthemachinetool.2.專職點(diǎn)檢2.Full-timespotcheck機(jī)床的關(guān)鍵部位和重要部位進(jìn)行點(diǎn)檢。Performspotchecksonkeyandvitalcomponentsofthemachinetool.3.生產(chǎn)點(diǎn)檢3.Manufacturingspotcheck對(duì)生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行中的數(shù)控機(jī)床進(jìn)行點(diǎn)檢。PerformspotchecksonCNCmachinetoolsduringproductionoperations.（三）定期點(diǎn)檢的分類(III)Classificationofregularspotcheck（四）定期點(diǎn)檢的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)(IV)Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofregularspotcheck可以把出現(xiàn)的故障和性能的劣化消滅在萌芽狀態(tài)，防止過(guò)修或欠修。Itcaneliminatefaultsanddegradationatanearlystage,preventingover-maintenanceorunder-maintenance.優(yōu)點(diǎn)Advantage定期點(diǎn)檢工作量大Heavyworkloadofregularspotcheck缺點(diǎn)Disadvantage數(shù)控機(jī)床定期點(diǎn)檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools（五）定期點(diǎn)檢的項(xiàng)目(V)Regularspotcheckitems1.日檢

1.Dailyinspection2.周檢

2.Weeklyinspection3.月檢

3.Monthlyinspection4.季檢

4.Seasonalinspection1）液壓系統(tǒng)

1)Hydraulicsystem2）主軸潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)

2)Spindlelubricationsystem3）導(dǎo)軌潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)

3)Guideraillubricationsystem4）冷卻系統(tǒng)

4)Coolingsystem5）氣壓系統(tǒng)

5)Pneumaticsystem1）機(jī)床零件1)Machinetoolparts2）主軸潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)2)Spindlelubricationsystem3）機(jī)床零件清除鐵屑3)Removescrapironfrommachinetoolparts4）進(jìn)行外部雜物清掃4)Cleantheexternaldebris1）電源1)Power2）空氣干燥器2)Airdryer1）機(jī)床床身1)Machinetoolbed2）液壓系統(tǒng)2)Hydraulicsystem3）主軸潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)3)Spindlelubricationsystem數(shù)控機(jī)床定期點(diǎn)檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools（五）定期點(diǎn)檢的項(xiàng)目(V)Regularspotcheckitems5.年檢5.Annualinspection6.不定期檢查6.Casualinspection1）每半年1)Semi-annually滾珠絲杠：清洗舊潤(rùn)滑脂，涂上新的油脂Ballscrew:cleantheoldgreaseandapplynewgrease液壓油路：清洗溢流閥、減壓閥、濾油器及油箱箱底、更換或過(guò)濾液壓油Hydraulicoilcircuit:Cleanthereliefvalve,pressure-reducingvalve,oilfilter,andtankbottom,andreplaceorfilterhydraulicoil2）每年2)Annually檢查并更換直流伺服電機(jī)碳刷；InspectandreplacethecarbonbrushoftheDCservomotor;檢查換向器表面，吹凈碳粉，去毛刺Checkthesurfaceofthereversingswitch,blowoffcarbondust,anddeburr更換長(zhǎng)度過(guò)短的電刷，跑合后使用潤(rùn)滑液壓泵、濾油器清洗，清理池底，更換濾油器Replaceshort-lengthbrushes,cleanthehydraulicpumpandfilterwithlubricatingfluidafterrunningin,clearthepoolbottom,andreplacetheoilfilter1）檢查各軸軌道上鑲條、壓緊滾輪松緊狀態(tài)（按機(jī)床說(shuō)明書(shū)調(diào)整）1)Checkthetightnessofinsertsoneachaxistrackandthestateofthetensioningrollers(adjustaccordingtothemachinetoolmanual)2）冷卻水箱：檢查液面高度，太臟、更換，清理水箱底部，經(jīng)常清洗過(guò)濾器2)Coolingwatertank:Checktheliquidlevelandreplaceitifitistoodirty.Cleanthebottomofthewatertankandthefilterfrequently3）排屑器：經(jīng)常清理鐵屑、檢查有無(wú)卡住3)Chipremover:Cleantheironfilingsfrequentlyandcheckwhetheritisstuck4）清理廢油池：及時(shí)取油池中廢油，以免外溢4)Cleaningofwasteoilpool:takethewasteoilfromtheoilpoolintimetoavoidoverflow5）調(diào)整主軸驅(qū)動(dòng)帶松緊：按機(jī)床