國際稅收英語

課程講義目錄

Chapter1TaxandEconomy

Chapter2TaxAccounting

Chapter3KnowledgeofMajorTaxes

Chapter4InternationalTaxation

Chapter5Miscellaneous

Chapter1TaxandEconomy

Nowlet'scometoSection1

TaxationandEconomicPolicyofChapter1TaxandEconomy

Section1tellsusthateconomicgrowthistheprimarydriverofprosperityinthe

developedworldandisalsothemainfactorwhichiscapableofreducingpovertyinless

developedcountrieswithgoodtaxsystems.Yet,itisnotonlythecontributortoeconomic

we1fare.Otherfactorssuchaseducationemployment,health,security,incomedistribution

andtheenvironmentarealsoimportant.

TherearethreeobjectivesofTaxation:

1.Thetraditionalfunction:raiserevenuetofinancegovernmentexpenditurewhich

cannotbefinancedthroughothermeans.

2.Thedistributionalfunction:asaninstrumenttoalterthedistributionsofincome

andwealthamonghouseholds.

3.Thestabi1izationfunction:usestaxationtodampenthebusinesscycle.

Anyway,inpublicopinion,lesstaxisgenerallypreferred.Peoplewillaccepttaxation

whentherevenuesarespentonpopularitemssuchaseducationandhealth.Inaword,the

taxsystemaffectstheeconomyintheshortandlongrunsanditisalsostronglyinfluenced

bythegovernmentandpoliticaldebates.

LanguagePoints

1.anarrayof一批；一系列。array是名詞，表示陣列、排列的意思。

Hethenaddsanarrayofnewtaxcutsforthoseatthebottomandmiddle.

他還增加了一系列的減稅政策來幫助中層和底層的民眾。

2.culminatein到達頂點;以..告終。

Everyonefearedthattheboundarydisputebetweenthesetwocountrieswouldculminate

inciwar.

人人都擔憂這兩國之間的邊界爭端將以戰(zhàn)爭告終。

3.Taxmoralityobviouslydifferspercountrybutgenerallyspeakingthereappearsto

bemoreacceptanceoftaxationwhentherevenuesarespentonpopularitemssuchaseducation

andhealth.稅收道義顯然因國家而異，但通常而言，如果稅收收入用于群眾工程，如教育和醫(yī)療，

那么征稅更容易被接受。Per是一個介詞，表示每一，每個，后面通常加計量名詞，例如，perminute,

每分鐘。

Icantype70wordsperminute,andtakedictationinEnglishat100wordsperminute.

我每分鐘能打70個字，每分鐘可用英文記錄口授100字。

4.Forexample,anumberofAustralianpollsdemonstratedaclearhierarchyinthetypes

ofgovernmentspendingthatvotersprefershouldattracttaxpayermoney.例如，許多澳大

利亞民意調(diào)查說明，選民所偏好的各種政府支出類型存在一個明晰的層級結(jié)構(gòu)。在這些層級上應(yīng)該

吸收納稅人的資金。

此句中anumberofAustralianpolls是全句的主語,謂語動詞demonstrated后接一個賓語

從句，賓語從句中的主語中心名詞是hierarchy,其后接介詞短語作狀語，以及that引導(dǎo)的一個定

語從句，賓語從句中的謂語是shouldattract.

Exercises

Part1Words&Expressions

Pleasechoosethemostappropriateanswerfromthefourchoicesgiven.

2.Regulationshouldenhancetheeffectivenessofcompetitivemarkets,notthem.

A)offsetB)impedeC)impactD)disguise

Part2ReadingComprehension---TrueorFalse

Basedontheartide,pleaseindicatewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)

orfalse(F).

2.Generallyspeaking,investorsareattractedtoinvestinthemarketswithhigh

rateofreturn.Thatiswhydevelopedcountriesexperiencedhigheconomicgrowththanless

developedcountriesinthe20thcentury.

Part3ReadingComprehension---Multiple-choice

Pleasechoosethemostappropriateanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenonthebasisol

thearticle.

3.Bysaying“Ifitmoves,taxit.Ifitkeepsmoving,regulateit.Andifitstops

movingsubsidizeit”,formerUSPresidentRonaldReaganimplies_____.

A)thereisnodoubtonthegovernmentroleineconomicpolicy

B)thegovernmentshouldnotoverseeeconomicactivities

C)thegovernmentinvolvementshouldnotbewidespreadbecauseitisnotalwaysin

theinterestsoftheeconomy

D)governmentwillfinditverydifficulttoplayapositiveroleinanintricateand

dynamiceconomicsystem

10.Whathavewelearnedaboutpublicopinionontax?

AJIncometaxisrelativelymoreequitablethanothertaxes.

B)Highincomecitizenspayincometaxbasedontheiractualwealth.

C)Taxrevenuesspentoneducationismoreacceptablebythepublic.

D)Taxrevenuesspentonunemploymentbenefitsismoreacceptablebythepublic.

Nowlet'scometoSection1(PartTwo)

TheOECDMemberCountriesataGlance

OECDmeansOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(經(jīng)濟合作與開展組

織).InEurope,governmentspendingconstitutedonaverage47.2%ofGDPin2005.Inthe

USit*s36.6%and38.2percentofGDPinJapan.In2006-2007,Nordiccountriessuchas

Finland,SwedenandDemarkrankedsecond,thirdandfourthintheglobalcompetitiveness

rankingoftheWorldEconomicForum,whilethegovernmentspendingratioexceeded50percent

ofGDPandthelevelsoftaxation45percentinaglobalizingworldwithincreasingcapital

mobilityandtaxcompetition,theeffectofhightaxesoncompetitivenesshasbecomemore

importantthaneverbefore.

Asforsocialmodels,theAnglo-Saxonmodel(IrelandandtheU.K)providerelatively

largesocialassistance,thecontinentalmodel(includingAustria,Belgium,France,

GermanyandLuxembourg)aretypicalofhighgovernmentinterferenceinaneconomyandrelay

oninsuranceandnon-employmentbenefitsandold-agepensions;theMediterraneanmodel

(includingGreece,Italy,Portugal,andSpain)istypicalofhighspendingonoldage

pension.

LanguagePoints

1.Agovernmentthatistoolargehasasuffocatingeffectontheeconomybyreducing

incentivestowork,killingtheentrepreneurialspiritandexacerbatingtheproblemof'free

riding*wherebypeoplethriveontheeffortsofothers.

政府規(guī)模過于龐大會降低工作積極性，扼殺企業(yè)家精神，加劇“免費搭車”效應(yīng)，即個人憑借

他人的努力而成功，這會對經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生抑制作用。

2.attestto-證明，證實。這是一個動詞短語，后面通常接名詞作賓語。

Hishandlingofthecrisisatteststohisstrengthofcharacter.

他對危機的處理證明了他性格堅強。

3.Sofar,progresshasbeendisappointing,whichcanbepartlyattributedtDahigh

labortaxburdeninmanyEUcountries,acolossalgovernmentbureaucracyandadministrative

burdenthatrestsonentrepreneurialactivityandinnovation.

迄今為止，工作進展并不盡如人意，這局部是由于在歐盟很多國家勞動力稅負的提高，政府機

構(gòu)嚴重的官僚主義，以及在企業(yè)經(jīng)營和創(chuàng)新方面施加的沉重負擔造成的。

attributeI。的含義是“歸因于"、"歸咎于"

Increasedurbanpollutionlevelsandthemountingdeathtollfrommotorvehicles

accidentscanmainlybeattributetotheglutofautemobilesappearingoncityroadsin

recentyears.

城市污染的增長和車禍中死亡率的增加主要是由于近年內(nèi)充滿城市道路的汽車。

4.ofthelastresort,最后的手段，前面通常加名詞，例如，lenderofthelastresort

最后貸款人。

Butthedramaticfal1inimportssuggestthattheChinesecannotbereliedontobe

theconsumeroflastresort.

但目前進口的急劇下滑那么說明，中國人也無法成為最后的消費避風(fēng)塘。

Exercises

Part1Words&Expressions

Pleasechoosethemostappropriateanswerfromthefourchoicesgiven.

1.Theheatistolerableatnightbutduringtheday.

A)chokeB)suffocateC)duplicateD)sustain

Part2ReadingComprehension---TrueorFalse

Basedonthearticle,pleaseindicatewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)

orfalse(F).

4.Incurrentworldmarketconditions,alargegovernmenttendstobemore

successfulinpromotingeconomicdevelopmentofacountry.

Part3ReadingComprehension---Multiple-choice

Pleasechoosethemostappropriateanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenonthebasisof

thearticle.

4.WhichoftheflowingstatementsistrueaccordingtoGoldmanSachs?

A)ChinawillnotsurpasstheUSinGDPby2050.

B)IndiawillnotsurpasstheUSinGDPby2050.

C)thegrowthrateoftheUSwillbelowerthanthatofChinaandIndia.

D)theabsolutesizeoftheUSeconomywillbemaintainedby2050.

19.WhichoneistrueamongthefollowingstatementswithregardtotheLisbonAgenda?

A)ItresultsfromtheconcernofEuropeanleadersoverenvironmentalprotection.

B)ThevariableincludedintherankingisquiteidenticalwiththatoftheGlobal

CompetitivenessReport.

C)Ithadbeenprogressinginrecentyearsuntilitpausedduringtheglobalfinancial

crisisin2023.

D)Germanyisidentifiedasoneofthemostcompetitiveeconomymostlybecauseitscores

highonR&D,liberalization,networkindustriesandinnovation.

Nowlet'scometoSection1Part3

TaxDistortionsandtheCostofPublicFunds

Taxescausedistortionstoeconomicchoicesandthuscreateanexcessburden.Tax

distortionscanbeavoidedtechnicallyonlybyimposingalump-sumtax.Suchataximposes

afixedrateperindividual,butit'shardtojustifyonsocialandpoliticalgrounds.

Behavioralresponsescanhaveasignificantimpactonthefinalrevenueoutcome,both

inpositiveandnegativeways.Ataxcutmaybepartlyself-financingduetopositive

response.Ataxrisemayinducenegativebehavioralreactions.IRSdatashowedthatifin

1993personalincometaxmeasurehadnotbeenenacted,7.8%moretaxableincomewouldhave

beenreportedwiththeIRS.

Behavioralresponseformaninternalpartoftaxpolicymaking.Theyaccountforchanges

inlaborsupply,investmentandconsumerspendingaswel1asparticipationintaxavoidance

andevasionschemes.

LanguagePoints

1.Empirically,themagnitudeofthesebehavioralresponsesissomewhatundecided,but

evidencetendstoindicatethatincometaxreducesoveral1laborsupplymoderate!y,has

aslightnegativeeffectonsavingsandalargereffectoninvestment.

在具體實踐中，這些行為反響的大小有些難以確定，但有證據(jù)說明，所得稅在一定程度上減少

了勞動力供給總量，對儲蓄有微小的影響，而對投資影響較大。

2.Indeed,afollow-upstudybasedonrealIRSdatashowedthathadthe1993personal

incomelaxmeasuresnotbeenenacted,7.8percentmoretaxableincomewouldhavebeen

reportedwiththeIRS.

實際上，一項對美國國內(nèi)收入局(IRS)真實數(shù)據(jù)的跟蹤研究說明，如果沒有實施1993年的個

人所得稅政策，在國內(nèi)收入局申報的應(yīng)稅所得將提高7.8%。

本句中，…h(huán)ad…wouldhavebeenreported..是用了一個虛擬條件句作謂語動詞showed的

賓語從句，表達一種與現(xiàn)實相反的假設(shè)情形。

Exercises

Part1Words&Expressions

Pleasechoosethemostappropriateanswerfromthefourchoicesgiven.

1.Anexcessofinvestmentoversavingmeansrisingprices,and.

A)soonB)viceversa

C)onthecontraryD)nototherwise

Part2ReadingComprehension----TrueorFalse

Basedonthearticle,pleaseindicatewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)

02'false(F).

4.Taxdistortionscantechnicallybeavoidedonlybyimposingalump-sumtax.

Suchataximposesafixedrateperindividual,butishardtojustifyonsocialandpolitical

grounds.

Part3ReadingComprehension----Multiple-choice

Pleasechoosethemostappropriateanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenonthebasisof

thearticle.

2.Taxsystemmaydistortthefollowingchoicesexcept:.

A)investmentB)workandleisure

C)savingsD)consumptiondemand

17.Whatisnottheauthor*spointofviewwithregardtohightax?

A)Thereexistmoreopportunitiesandpossibilitiesfortaxavoidanceorevasionin

ahightaxsystem.

B)Withhightax,taxpayersaremoreinclinedtopaylesstaxthroughavoidanceor

evasion.

C)Principlesinincometaxplanningbasicallyinclude,takingadvantagesoftaxrate

differencesondifferenttypesofincome,ordeferralofpayingtaxes.

D)Tnhightaxsystem,taxpayersareencouragedtodisguisetheirwageincometoreduce

theirrealtaxburden.

21.ThroughtheexamplesofReaganandClintonadministrations,wemightcomeupwith

anconclusionthat.

A)behavioralresponsescanhaveasignificantimpactonthefinalrevenueoutcome

ofataxmeasureinnegativeways

B)theenactingof“jobprotection7'legislationandhighlong-termunemployment

benefitgaveincentivestotheimprovementoflabormarket

C)asaresultoftheUSTaxReformActof1986,taxableincomeofhouseholdsincreased

proportionallywithwhatthetaxcutamountedto

D)asaresultofClintonTstaxreform,theUSeconDmyfunctionedmuchlessefficiently

whi1elittleextrarevenuewascollected

Nowlet*scometosection1Part4

TheModelofCircularFlows

Taxesareplacedoneithertheincomesideorthespendingsideinaneconomy.

Ataxonconsumptionissimilartoataxonincomewhichexemptsthenormalreturnto

capital.Manytaxsystemsareinrealityareahybridofbothanincomeandaconsumption

tax.Thisisduetotheexistenceoftax-exemptsavingschemesandpensionplans.

Mosteconomiststodayagreethathightaxesaffecteconomicgrowthnegatively.

LanguagePoints

1.Usinganendogenousgrowthmodel,heinitiallyfoundthateliminatingthecapital

incometaxwouldincreasethecapitalstockby35percent.However,accountingfor

diminishingreturnstocapitaiandthefactthatsuchacapitalexpansionwouldentai1a

long-termreducedconsumptioninthetransitionalphase,leadstoatrivialoveralleffect

onwelfare.通過運用內(nèi)生增長模型，他首先發(fā)現(xiàn)取消對資本征收所得稅可以提高35%的貨本總額，

但是，如果把資本收益遞減，以及此類資本增加在過渡期內(nèi)將導(dǎo)致消費氏時期縮減這些因素考慮在

內(nèi)，那么產(chǎn)生的總的福利效應(yīng)是很小的。

2.Thesizeandfunctionofgovernmenttoanimportantextentdeterminethelevelof

taxationandtaxesused,wnichallaffectsthebehavioroftaxpayersandtheeconomyas

awholebyimpingingontheincentivestoconsume,work,investandsave.Thetaxsystem

alsoinfluencesacountry*scompetitivenessrankingonworldmarkets.

政府的規(guī)模和功能在很重要的程度上決定了稅收的水平和稅種，這些都通過鼓勵消費、工作、

投資和儲蓄等方式在整體上對納稅人行為和經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生了影響。

Impingeon含義是“影響，侵犯”。

例句：It'sanotherexanpleofhowtheworldcomestoimpingeonandcheingeourreading

experience.這是另一個有關(guān)生活如何改變我們閱讀經(jīng)驗的例子。

Exercises

Part1Words&Expressions

Plecisechoosethemostappropriateanswerfromthefourchoicesgiven.

2.Ataxthatcollectsthesameamountfromeverypersoniscalleda(n).

A)polltaxB)regressivetaxaggregateC)proportionaltax.D)equaltax

Part2ReadingComprehension----TrueorFalse

Basedonthearticle,pleaseindicatewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)

orfalse(F).

3.Generallyspeaking,VATismoredifficulttoevadethananincometaxdueto

theirdistinguishingfeatures.

Part3ReadingComprehension----Multiple-choice

PleasechoosethemostappropriateanswerfromIhefourchoicesgivenonthebasisof

thearticle.

7.Whichoneofthefollowingdistortionsresultedfromhightaxrateisnotmentioned

bytheauthor?

AJWorkerstendtoreducelaborsupply.

B)Moretaxpayersuselegalorillegalmeasurestopaylesstax.

C)Businessmentendtoshifttheirinvestmenttoforeigncountriesorjurisdictions

withlowtax.

D)Peopleincreasinglyembarkoncharityaffairsfortaxexemptiontreatment.

NowletJscometosection2Part1

TaxationofOutboundFDI(foreigndirectinvestment)

Thissectiontellsusthatargumentsforfavorabletaxtreatmentofoutboundforeign

directinvestmentoftenrefertothebenefitsofforegoingtaxrevenueonsuchinvestment.

PossiblehomecountrybenefitofFDIabroadcouldinvolveefficientaccesstoforeign

markets,productionscaleeconomiesleadingtoincreasednetdomesticincome.But

reductionsinnetdomesticincomefromdomesticjoblossandreducedtaxationwhereoutbound

FDIisasubstitutefordomesticinvestment,thusdomesticcorporateincometaxondomestic

profitcoulddecline.

Underexempttreatmentofforeigndividends,nohomecountrytaxwou1dbecollected

onforeignprofit.Underadividendcreditsystem,littleornohomecountrytaxwouldbe

collectedonforeignprofitwiththehomecountryprovisionofforeigntaxcreditsinrespect

offoreignhostcountrycorporateincometaxandwithholdingtax.Thusthecimountborrowed

tofundoutboundFDIcannotdeductagainstdomestictaxableincomeinterestpaid.

LanguagePoints

1.factorin…的因素；將納入。

例句：Italsoseemstofactorinthecostoftheelectricity.

同時，電力本錢也似乎被列為考慮因素。

2.Whereforeignmarketsaremoreefficientlyreachedorfactorsofproductionare

accessedatlowercostthroughaforeignpresenceratherthanthroughexports,establishing

foreignoperationsmayalIDWcompaniestogrowandachieveeconomiesofscaleotherwise

notpossible.

通過設(shè)立外國機構(gòu)而不是出口可以更高效地進入外國市場，或者以更低廉的本錢獲取生產(chǎn)要素，

開展海外業(yè)務(wù)可以使公司成長并實現(xiàn)規(guī)模經(jīng)濟，此外別無他法。

3.Withvariabledomesticsavings,taxationbythehomecountryofforeignprofitsfrom

FDI,whichoperatestooffsetproductioninefficiencies(welfarelosses)causedwhenthe

taxburdenondomesticprofitexceedsthatonforeignprofit-introducesasavingsdistortion

andassociatedwelfarelosses.

隨著國內(nèi)儲蓄的變化，母國對對外投資取得的境外利潤的征稅，當其稅負低于對國內(nèi)利潤的征

稅時，可以抵消生產(chǎn)的低效率(福利損失)。

4.Theseandotherformsoftaxplanningmayachieveeffectivetaxratesoninbound

FDIinhostcountryBthatmaydiffersignificantlyfromtheeffectivetaxrateforlocal

firmsincountryBowneddirectlybyresidentsofcountryB,andfromeffectivetaxrates

onprofitsofforeign-ownedcompetitionwhereparentcompaniesaresubjecttoeffective

i-deferral/anti-exemptionprovisions.

此類及其他方式的稅收籌劃，可能使所在國B對外資征稅的實際稅率與其對國內(nèi)企業(yè)征稅的實

際稅率產(chǎn)生顯著的差異，所稱的這些國內(nèi)企業(yè)，既包括B國居民直接持有的企業(yè)，也包括適用反延

遲/免稅條款的母公司所持有的企業(yè)。

此句的結(jié)構(gòu)特點是在tha:引導(dǎo)的一個定語從句中，出現(xiàn)了different..from..的短語，實際上

是由兩個from加介詞短語與different搭配的一個詞法結(jié)構(gòu)，句子后半句中出現(xiàn)的where壯語從

句修飾的是后一個from引導(dǎo)的介詞也諳。

Exercises

Part1Words&Expressions

Pleasechoosethemostappropriateanswerfromthefourchoicesgiven.

1.Thefuturewor1dwillbea_____ofhumanandmachinethatwillgeneratebetterand

fasterdecisionsanytime,anywhere.

A)hypothesisB)blendC)mixD)hybrid

Part2ReadingComprehension---TrueorFalse

Basedonthearticle,pleaseindicatewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)

orfalse(F).

2.WhereoutboundEDIsubstitutesfordomesticinvestment,domesticcorporate

incometaxondomesticprofitcoulddecline.

4.WithregardtothepolicydecisionsoverthetreatmentofoutboundFDI,the

effectoftaxplanningisnottakenintoconsiderationsinceitisnotmeasurable.

Part3ReadingComprehension---Multiple-choice

Pleasechoosethemostappropriateanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenonthebasisof

thearticle.

3.OutboundFDImaybenefithomecountryinthefollowingmannerexcept:.

A)increaseddomesticinvestment,domesticproductionandexports

B)productionscaleeconomies

C)acceleratingexports

D)expansionofforeignmarkets

11.Whichoftheflowingstatementsisnottrueaboutinternationalcompetitiveness

considerations?

A)ItismoreimportantthanotherconsiderationsconcerningoutboundFDIpolicy.

B)11callsforpreferentialtaxtreatmentonoutboundinvestment.

C)Itaimsatpromotingoutboundinvestmentbyusingtaxpolicyinstrument.

D)Itisnotcloselyrelatedtointernationaltaxpolicy.

21.Theauthorbelievesthattaxplanning_____.

A)complicatedthetaxpolicyandproductionefficiencydiscussionasitdistorted

actualtaxburdenbyoutboundFDIinvestors

B)willhavelittleimpactonbusinesscompetitivenessandproductionefficiency

C)playsaninsignificantroleintaxationovercross-borderinvestment

D)doesnotworkfortax-shelterpurposeunderdividendcreditsystem

Nowlet*scometosection2Part2

PolicyPerspectivesandPractices.

Thisparttellsustaxneutrality,(thisis)equivalenttaxtreatmentofreturnson

domesticandforeigninvestmentiscentraltotheadoptionofadividendcreditsystemto

taxtheprofitsofforeignsubsidiaries.

Whentaxingforeignprefitatthesamerateasdomesticprofit,residentinvestorsare

encouragedtostructureinvestmentplansonthebasisofbusinessconsiderationssoasto

maximizepre-taxratesofreturn.Atthesametime,internationalcompetitiveness

considerationsinfluencepolicyadjustmentstoagreaterorlesserextentbecausetheylean

towardsbusinessdemandsformorelenienttaxtreatmentofforeignincomc.Equivalent

treatmentofdomesticandforeignsourceincomerequirescurrenttaxationatthehome

countrycorporatetaxrateofpre-taxforeignprofit,bothdistributedandretainedabroad,

withfullreliefforhostcountrycorporateincometaxandwithholdingtaxappliedatsource.

Besidesthetaxtreatmentofforeigninterestandroyaltyincomemustbeconsideredwhen

comparingthetaxburdenonoutboundFDIanddomesticinvestment.

LanguagePoints

1.inlinewith符合;與--致。

The$200priceisinlinewithcurrentanalysts,expectationsafterspotpricessurged

to$220~$240atonne.

200美元的價格與分析師當前的預(yù)期一致，此前現(xiàn)貨價格已飆升至每噸220-240美元。

2.Whileoftenoverlooked,taxneutralitybetweendomesticinvestmentandEDIrequires

currenttaxationatthehomecountrycorporaterateofforeigninterestandroyaltyincome

deductedatsource(againstforeignprofit)andpaidtoadomesticparentcompany(or

otherrelateddomesticaffiliate),combinedwithanoffsetforforeignwithholdingtax.

國內(nèi)和境外投資之間的稅收中性要求，對支付給國內(nèi)母公司(或其他國內(nèi)關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè))的利息和

特許權(quán)使用費，在來源地可以扣除(沖減外國利潤)，在母國應(yīng)按公司所得稅稅率在當期繳稅，而

關(guān)于這一點經(jīng)常是被忽略的。

本句中的謂語動詞是requires,后面是一個賓語加賓語補足語的結(jié)構(gòu),賓語補足語由介詞at

加中心名詞rate構(gòu)成，其后又接了deducted和paid兩個過去分詞作定語修飾前面的中心名詞，

而過去分詞combinedwith結(jié)構(gòu)修飾的是整個賓語加賓語補足語結(jié)構(gòu)。

3.Theabilitytoapplyexcessforeigntaxcreditstooffsethomecountrytaxonforeign

royaltyincomemaymeaneffectivetaxratesonFI)1underadividendcreditsystemthatare

belowratesthatwouldapplyunderanexemptionsystem.

有能力通過超額外國稅收抵免抵減母國對外國特許權(quán)使用費所得的征稅，這意味著根據(jù)股息抵

免機制對外資征稅的實際稅率低于根據(jù)豁免機制的征稅。

4.Thisrecognizesthatwhereaninvestor,freefromCFC-typcrulesinthehomecountry,

investsinahostcountrythroughanintermediatetaxhtivenfinancesubsidiary,profitpaid

outasinter-affiliateinterest(orthroughnon-arm*slengthinterestorroyaltycharges)

wou1dreducetheeffectivehostcountrytaxrateonhostcountryprofit,withthisincome

receivedtax-freebythefinancesubsidiary.

可以看出，當一個在母國不受CFC規(guī)那么管制的投資人，通過其在避稅地設(shè)立的一個中間財務(wù)

了?公司對外投資時，被投資企業(yè)以關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)間利息支付的方式將其利潤支付出去(或通過非公平交

易利息或特許權(quán)使用費支付)，將減少被投資企業(yè)的利潤在所在國的實際稅負，而該筆所得在財務(wù)

公司方面是免稅的。non-arm，slengthinterestorroyaltycheirges,指的是不按公平交易原那

么支付的利息或特許權(quán)使用費，而此類交易通常發(fā)生在關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)之間。

Exercises

Part1Words&Expressions

Pleasechoosethemostappropriateanswerfromthefourchoicesgiven.

4.InsomerespectstheIMFhasbeenremarkablyintheconditionsithasattached

totheloan.

A)marvelousB)lenientC)leniticD)stinet

Part2ReadingComprehension----TrueorFalse

Basedonthearticle,pleaseindicatewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)

orfalse(F).

7.Forcountrypui'suingforpuretaxneutrality,fullyequivalenttreatmen