山東省煙臺市2025屆高三上學(xué)期期中學(xué)業(yè)水平診斷英語試題含答案

2024-2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中學(xué)業(yè)水平診斷高三英語注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，只交答題卡。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Watchahorrormovie. B.Lookforherexercisebook. C.Cleanthelivingroom.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whydon’tyouturnonthelightsinthelivingroom?M:I’mwatchingahorrormovie.Itfeelsmorerealwiththelightsoff.W:ButIcan’tfindmyexercisebook.Waitamoment.I’llturnoffthelightswhenIfindit.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellowworkers. B.Teacherandparent. C.Fatheranddaughter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:MydaughterjustgotanofferfromYorkUniversity.Wouldyouliketojoinusfordinnertonighttocelebrate?M:Yes,withpleasure.Congratulationstoher!Andyourprojectwonhighpraisefromourclientstoday.Goodthingscomeinpairs.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthemansound?A.Uninterested. B.Anxious. C.Excited.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Joesaidhecouldgetussometicketstotheconcertifwe’reinterested.M:Ifweareinterested?We’vebeentryingtogetticketseverywhereHereallydidusafavor.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Abook. B.Aweekendplan. C.Asleepingproblem.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:HaveyoureadthenovelthatIlentyoulastweekend?Thestoriescapturedtheheartsandmindsofageneration.W:Certainly!ThenovelissoabsorbingthatIkeptreadingitandevenforgotallabouteatingandsleeping.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】What’stheconservationmainlyabout?A.Agarden. B.Adisaster. C.Aperson.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Manyhousesandcarswerecoveredintheflood.Itissaidtobeaonce-in-a-centuryflood.W:Yes.I’veneverseenafloodlikethis.Mygrandma’sgardenwasalsodamaged.Sheissosad.M:Sorrytohearthat.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday. B.Thursday. C.Friday.7.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanbookintheend?A.Asuite. B.Adoubleroom. C.Asingleroom.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:ThisisShiningHotel.HowmayIhelpyou?M:Hi,Iwouldliketoreservearoom.W:Whendoyouplantocheckin?M:ThisFriday.AndIwanttostayfortwonights.W:Soyouwillcheckinthedayaftertomorrow,onthe15th,andcheckoutonthe17th,right?M:Yes.W:Okay.Whatkindofroomdoyouwanttobook?M:I’dlikeadoubleroom.W:Letmecheck.Oh,sorry.Thereareonlysingleroomsandsuitesavailableforthosedays.M:ThenI’lltaketheformer.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Wheredidthemangothisafternoon?A.Tohisfriend’shome. B.Toarestaurant. C.Toapark.9.Howmanykindsofpetsdoesthemankeep?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five.10.Howwillthemandealwiththetwocats?A.Keepthembyhimself.BGivethemtohisgrandfather.C.Sendthemtoananimalshelter.【答案】8.B9.B10.C【解析】【原文】W:Clifford,howdidithappen?Whydidyoubringtwocatshome?M:Youknow,IwenttoaThairestaurantwithmyfriendintheafternoon.Onmywayback,Ifoundthesetwocatsonthesideoftheroadnearapark.Theylookeddirtyandhungry.W:Oh,yousavedthem.Areyougoingtokeepthem?M:CanI?W:You’dbetternotdothat.You’vealreadygottwodogs,apetpig,aparrotandarabbit.Theseanimalshavemadeourhousealittlecrowded.Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatohavetwocats.W:Soundsreasonable.MaybeIcantakethemtoananimalrescuecenterorgivethemtomygrandpa.M:Yourgrandpaistoooldtotakecareofthem.They’llbefineattheanimalrescuecenter.W:OK.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatisthegirldissatisfiedwithaboutthefirstwallet?A.Itsdesign. B.Itscolor. C.Itsprice.12.Whatdidthegirldolastweek?A.Shetooksomepictures. B.Shedidsomehousework. C.Shemovedhouse.13.Howmuchwillthegirlpay?A.$15. B.$20. C.$30.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,mayIhelpyou?W:Yeah,I’mlookingforaFather’sDaygift.M:Howaboutgettingyourfatheranewwallet?W:Okay.Howmuchisthisblackwallet?M:It’sonly$30.W:Huh?That’sovermybudget.Doyouhaveacheaperone?M:Howaboutthisbrownleatherone?W:Idon’tthinkmyfatherwilllikeitsdesign.Andthere’snospaceforpictures.Howmuchisit,anyway?M:It’s$25.W:Idon’thavethatmuchmoney.M:Howmuchmoneycanyouaffordatmost?W:$15orso.I’vebeenhelpingmymomcleanthehouseforthepastweektoearnthemoney.ThatisallIhave.M:Alright.Howaboutthistie?It’s$20.ButIcantake$5off.W:Thanks.I’lltakeit.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whendidthemangraduatefromcollege?A.Almosttwoyearsago. B.Aboutfouryearsago. C.Aroundtenyearsago.15.Whydidthemanquithislastjob?A.Hewantedabetter-paidone.B.Hethoughtitwastoochallenging.C.Hecouldn’tstandtightworkschedules.16.Whichlanguageisthemanfluentin?A.German. B.Italian. C.French.17.Whatqualitydoesthemanthinkhelacks?A.Leadership. B.Patience. C.Discipline.【答案】14.C15.A16.B17.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Mr.Hobbs.Canyouintroduceyourselffirst?M:Sure.Igraduatedfromcollegeaboutadecadeago,andIworkedforfourcompaniesaftergraduation.W:Whydidyouquityourlastjob?M:Well,thejobwasnotchallengingandthepaywasnotverygood.W:Isee.Whatareyourstrengths?M:IcanspeakItalianandEnglishverywell.IcanalsospeakalittleGermanandFrench.Besides,IthinkIhavegoodleadershipskills.Iledasalesteaminmysecondjob.I’mskilledintrainingsalesstaffandIcangetalongwithcustomers.I’mveryresponsibleandIcanacceptlongworkinghours.W:Good.Whataboutyourweaknesses?M:Ihavetosay,I’mnotpatientenoughwhenothercolleaguesdon’tmeetthedeadlines.W:Isee.Doyouhaveanyquestionsforus?M:Letmesee...聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.WhatdoweknowaboutFabrizioCardinali?A.Hecookswithgas.B.He’slivingaloneinastonehouse.CHedoesn’tconsiderelectricityamust.19.WhydoesAndreagotoMacerataeveryweekend?A.Toattendtohismother. B.Tobuysomefood. C.Torelaxhimself.20.HowdoesFabrizioCardinalifeelabouthislife?A.Doubtful. B.Bitter. C.Satisfied.【答案】18.C19.A20.C【解析】【原文】M:FabrizioCardinali,72,sayshedoesn’tneedelectricity.Formorethan50years,hehaslivedentirelyoffthepublicelectricitynetwork.CardinalilivesinastonehousenearAncona,onItaly’seasternAdriaticcoast.Bychoice,hehasnoelectricity,nogas,andnoindoorplumbing.Inthepast,helivedalone.Rightnow,hehastwopeoplewholivewithhim,aswellasanimals,suchaschickensandacat.Cardinaliandhisroommates,whogavetheirnamesonlyasAgneseandAndrea,useawood-burningstoveforcookingandwarmth.Theyreadbylampsthatweregivenbytheirneighbors.“I’mpleasedtohavethefreedomtochoosemylifestyle,”saidAgnese,35,whomovedintwoyearsago.Andrea,46,alsoliveswithCardinali,butgoeshomeinMacerata,about50kilometersaway,eachweekendtolookafterhismother.Theygrowvegetablesandolivestoproduceoliveoil,andkeepbeesforhoney.Alocalgroupsellsthemfoodssuchascerealsandwheat,whichtheyusetomaketheirownbread.Cardinalisometimestravelsshortdistancestovisitfriends.Hewalksorgetsridestothenearesttowntohaveacoffeewithlocalpeople.“I’vebeenlivingthiswayforabout51yearsandIhaveneverregrettedit,”Cardinalisaid.Headded,“Therehavebeendifficulties,buttheynevermademethinkthatImadethewrongchoice.”第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APrivategrouptourswithBaliCarRentalWithDriveroffercustomizableitineraries(旅游日程)thattaketravelerstotherichculturalheritageandnaturalwondersoftheislandofBali.Experienced,English-speakingdriversprovidein-depthknowledgeofthelocalareasandsatisfyindividualpreferences,providingflexibilityandensuringamemorablestreamlinedjourney.OverviewAndPricingBaliCarRentalWithDriverofferstravelerssavingsofupto10%ontheirtransportationcosts.Pricingforthisservicestartsfrom￡30(￡27perperson).Thecompanyprovidesfreecancellationupto24hoursinadvanceforafullrefund,andtravelerscanreservenowandpaylatertosecuretheirbooking.ThisoptionallowsvisitorstoexploreBali’stopdestinationsandsavesthebotherofdrivingthemselves.Theserviceiscompetitivelypriced,makingitanattractivechoiceforthoseseekingaconvenientandcost-effectivewaytoexperiencetheisland’sbeauty.InclusionsAndExclusionsBaliCarRentalWithDriver’sinclusionscovertheessentialsforasightseeingexperience.ThepackageincludesanEnglish-speakingdriver,aprivatecarwithfuelfees,bottledmineralwater,andtipsaswellasentrancefeestowell-knowntouristsdestinations.Thisallowstravelerstofocusonexploringtheisland’shighlights.However,theserviceexcludesotherpersonalexpenses,suchaswatersportsactivitiesorexcitingrideslikerollercoasters(過山車).Customersshouldbringalongcomfortableshoes,sunglasses,towels,cameras,sunscreen,andcashtomakethemostoftheircustomizeditinerary.21.WhatcanweknowaboutprivategrouptourswithBaliCarRentalWithDriver?A.Theirserviceispricey. B.Theirdriversarenativeresidents.C.Theyprohibitadjustingitineraries. D.Theygivetailoredoptionsoftour.22.WhatcancustomersofBaliCarRentalWithDriverenjoy?A.Afullrefundatanytime. B.Freedrivingexperience.C.Adiscountontransportbills. D.Personalizedformsofpayment.23.Whichofthefollowingisexcludedfromthepackage?A.Avehicle. B.Customers’self-chosenrecreations.C.Drinkingwater. D.Popularattractions’admissiontickets.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了BaliCarRentalWithDriver提供的私人團(tuán)體游服務(wù)，包括其可定制的旅游日程、價格概覽、包含和不包含的服務(wù)內(nèi)容等。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“PrivategrouptourswithBaliCarRentalWithDriveroffercustomizableitineraries(旅游日程)thattaketravelerstotherichculturalheritageandnaturalwondersoftheislandofBali.(BaliCarRentalWithDriver提供的私人團(tuán)體游提供可定制的旅游日程，帶游客領(lǐng)略巴厘島豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)和自然奇觀。)”可知，BaliCarRentalWithDriver提供的私人團(tuán)體游服務(wù)可以提供定制的旅游選項(xiàng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OverviewAndPricing部分中“BaliCarRentalWithDriverofferstravelerssavingsofupto10%ontheirtransportationcosts.(BaliCarRentalWithDriver可以為游客節(jié)省高達(dá)10%的交通費(fèi)用。)”可知，BaliCarRentalWithDriver的客戶可以享受交通費(fèi)用的折扣。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InclusionsAndExclusions部分中“However,theserviceexcludesotherpersonalexpenses,suchaswatersportsactivitiesorexcitingrideslikerollercoasters(過山車).(然而，該服務(wù)不包括其他個人費(fèi)用，如水上運(yùn)動或刺激的過山車等游樂設(shè)施。)”可知，客戶自選的娛樂活動是不包含在該服務(wù)中的。故選B項(xiàng)。BGeorgeC.HaleservedastheChiefoftheKansasCityFireDepartmentfor31years.Attheendofthe19thcentury,heenhancedfirefightingwithhis60patentedinventions,includingtheHaleWaterTowerandthetelephonefirealarm,andhelpedbringAmerica’sfiredepartmentsintothemodernera.InKansas’earlyhistory,fireswerecommonwithmosthomesbuiltofwoodandheatedwithcoal.Everysecondmatteredforthecrewstaskedwithputtingthemout.Halewasamechanicalgenius,solvingtheproblemsfirefightersfacedinhisera.Teamsoftrainedhorseswereusedtotransportequipmenttoandfromfiresfrom1860to1927.Harnessing(上挽具)thehorseswasatime-consumingbusinessuntilHaleinventedtheswinginghorseharness.Theharnesswassuspendedfromtheceilingofthefirestation.Whenthealarmsounded,thehorsesmovedintoplaceandtheharnessbrokeopenanddroppedintoposition,makingthemspringintoactionwithlightningspeed.Haledrilledhisteamtomakecertaineverymomentcounted.Demonstrationsoftheirrecord-speedharnessweresosuccessfulthatmajorcitiesdemandedtoseetheKansasCityfirefightersinaction.TheteamwaseveninvitedtorepresenttheUnitedStatesasthe“AmericanFireTeam”attheInternationalFireCongressinLondonin1893foranaudiencewithQueenVictoria.Passionateaboutseekingnewapproachestoupgradingfirefighting,Halemadenumerousinventions,facilitatingfirefighters’workefficiency.Heevenhiredacircusgymnasttoteachfirefightersphysicalfitness.Hisnovelideasdramaticallychangedthewholefireservice.Intheend,Halewasbroughtdownbypolitics.In1902,hewasfiredowingtohispoliticalconflictwiththeauthority,yetHaledidn’tquithiscommitmenttofirefighting.HeactivelyadviseddepartmentsaroundthecountryandsoldfirecontrolfacilitiesasfarawayasRussia.Whenhediedin1923,theKansasCityJournalcalledhim“oneofthegreatestfirechiefsinthehistoryofmodernfirefighting”.24.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HonorsoftheKansasCityFireDepartmentB.DevelopmentofKansas’FirefightingCauseC.GeorgeC.Hale:AWitnesstotheFireServiceD.AGreatContributortoFirefighting:GeorgeC.Hale25.WhatwastheadvantageofGeorgeC.Hale’sswingingharness?A.Itallowedhorsestorunfaster. B.Itreducedresponsetimetofire.C.Itmadehorsesmoredefensive. D.Itrelievedthehorses’fearoffire.26.WhydoestheauthormentiontheInternationalFireCongress?A.ToindicatetheexcellenceofHale’steam.B.Tocomparediversefirefightingtechniques.C.Toevaluatetheroleoftheinternationalstage.D.ToconvincepeopleofAmerica’seffortsinfirefighting.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsGeorgeC.Hale?A.Critical. B.Sympathetic. C.Forgiving. D.Admiring.【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作為消防局局長的GeorgeC.Hale對消防作出的貢獻(xiàn)?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Attheendofthe19thcentury,heenhancedfirefightingwithhis60patentedinventions,includingtheHaleWaterTowerandthetelephonefirealarm,andhelpedbringAmerica’sfiredepartmentsintothemodernera.(19世紀(jì)末，他憑借60項(xiàng)專利發(fā)明（包括黑爾水塔和電話火警）提高了消防水平，并幫助美國消防部門進(jìn)入了現(xiàn)代)”和最后一段中“Whenhediedin1923,theKansasCityJournalcalledhim“oneofthegreatestfirechiefsinthehistoryofmodernfirefighting”.(1923年他去世時，《堪薩斯城日報》稱他為“現(xiàn)代消防史上最偉大的消防隊(duì)長之一”)”可知，文章主要講述作為消防局局長的GeorgeC.Hale對消防作出的貢獻(xiàn)。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“偉大的消防貢獻(xiàn)者：GeorgeC.Hale”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Harnessing(上挽具)thehorseswasatime-consumingbusinessuntilHaleinventedtheswinginghorseharness.Theharnesswassuspendedfromtheceilingofthefirestation.Whenthealarmsounded,thehorsesmovedintoplaceandtheharnessbrokeopenanddroppedintoposition,makingthemspringintoactionwithlightningspeed.(在Hale發(fā)明了搖擺的馬具之前，給馬上挽具是一項(xiàng)耗時的工作。挽具懸掛在消防站的天花板上。當(dāng)警報響起時，馬匹移動到位，挽具打開，落在位置上，使它們以閃電般的速度行動起來)”可知，Hale發(fā)明的搖擺挽具減少了對火災(zāi)的反應(yīng)時間。故選B?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Haledrilledhisteamtomakecertaineverymomentcounted.Demonstrationsoftheirrecord-speedharnessweresosuccessfulthatmajorcitiesdemandedtoseetheKansasCityfirefightersinaction.TheteamwaseveninvitedtorepresenttheUnitedStatesasthe‘AmericanFireTeam’attheInternationalFireCongressinLondonin1893foranaudiencewithQueenVictoria.(Hale訓(xùn)練他的團(tuán)隊(duì)，確保每一刻都很重要。他們創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的速度裝置的演示是如此成功，以至于主要城市都要求看到堪薩斯城消防員的行動。1893年，在倫敦舉行的國際消防大會上，這支隊(duì)伍甚至被邀請作為‘美國消防隊(duì)’代表美國，與維多利亞女王見面)”可知，本段先是提到Hale訓(xùn)練的團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的速度裝置的演示非常成功，下文提到這支隊(duì)伍甚至被邀請作為‘美國消防隊(duì)’代表美國，與維多利亞女王見面，目的是表明Hale團(tuán)隊(duì)的優(yōu)秀。故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Attheendofthe19thcentury,heenhancedfirefightingwithhis60patentedinventions,includingtheHaleWaterTowerandthetelephonefirealarm,andhelpedbringAmerica’sfiredepartmentsintothemodernera.(19世紀(jì)末，他憑借60項(xiàng)專利發(fā)明（包括黑爾水塔和電話火警）提高了消防水平，并幫助美國消防部門進(jìn)入了現(xiàn)代)”、倒數(shù)第二段中“Hisnovelideasdramaticallychangedthewholefireservice.(他的新奇想法極大地改變了整個消防部門)”以及最后一段中“Whenhediedin1923,theKansasCityJournalcalledhim“oneofthegreatestfirechiefsinthehistoryofmodernfirefighting”.(1923年他去世時，《堪薩斯城日報》稱他為“現(xiàn)代消防史上最偉大的消防隊(duì)長之一”)”可知，文章多次提及GeorgeC.Hale對消防作出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。由此推知，作者對他很敬佩。故選D。CFordecadesit’sbeenhopedthatseawatercouldbedesalinated(淡化)toresolvetheproblemofdrinkingwatershortage.Yetdesalinationplantsstillprovideonlyaroundonepercentoftheworld’sdrinkingwater.Theprogressgoesslowlyasdesalinationplantsareexpensivetobuildanduseenormousquantitiesofenergytorun.Energyaccountsforone-thirdtomorethanhalfthecostofproducingdesalinatedwater.InSaudiArabia,theworld’slargestproducerofdesalinatedwater,theprocessaccountsforuptoafifthofthenation’senergyconsumption.Butallthismaybechanging.A2020studyfoundthat,globally,theaveragecostofdesalinatedwatercouldmorethanhalveifsolarpowerandbatterystoragesystemswereused.Acrosstheworld,therearearound180facilitiescurrentlyunderconstruction,orintheirdesignphase,mostlyintheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica.Newsourcesofrenewableenergylikesolarpowermeanit’sgettingcheapertopowerenergy-hungrydesalinationequipmentinsunnyandwater-stressedareas.EgyptandMorocco,forexample,arebuildingrenewable-poweredplantsdesignedbothtoprovidedrinkingwaterandtowatercrops.InSouthAustralia,aself-coolinggreenhousedesignthatuseswindtodesalinateseawaterforcropsispartofacommercialprojectproducing15percentofAustralian-growntomatoes.Scientistsarealsomakingmajorbreakthroughs,suchasnewself-cleaningmembrane(膜狀物)technology,whichimprovethedesalinationprocess.Onestart-up,CorePower,isdevelopingnuclear-poweredoffshoreplants.Another,Oneka,isemployingwavepowerfordesalinationunits.Thiswaveofgrowthandinnovationissettocontinue.Aglobaldesalinationequipmentmarketvaluedat17billiondollarsin2023isexpectedtogrowto32billiondollarsby2030.Butseriouschallengesremain.Mostfacilitiesstillusenon-renewablefuelstopowertheplants,andthepouringofprocessedseawaterintotheseaposesathreattosealife.Theseproblemswillhavetobeaddressedasathirstyworldlookstothedesalinationindustrytoprovideitsfreshwater.28.Whatresultsintheslowprogressofdesalination?A.Highproductioncosts. B.Environmentalconcerns.C.Littledemandforfreshwater. D.Lackofofficialsupport.29.Whatdothefactsinparagraphs3and4implyconcerningthedesalinationindustry?A.Itpromisesabrightprospect. B.It’llendwatershortagesoon.C.It’smerelyatemporarysuccess. D.Itfaceshugeinvestmentrisks.30.Inwhichofthefollowingpublicationswouldthistextbeprinted?A.MotorTrend. B.Runner’sWorld.C.PsychologyToday. D.TheEconomist.31.Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Whywedependonfreshwatertolive.B.Howtolessennegativeeffectsofdesalination.C.Whattodotostorefreshwateragainstdroughts.D.Howdesalinationtechnologiesboostwatersupply.【答案】28.A29.A30.D31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了通過利用可再生能源和新技術(shù)，海水淡化成本正在降低，市場增長迅速，但仍面臨能源和環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theprogressgoesslowlyasdesalinationplantsareexpensivetobuildanduseenormousquantitiesofenergytorun.Energyaccountsforone-thirdtomorethanhalfthecostofproducingdesalinatedwater.(由于海水淡化廠的建設(shè)成本高昂，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)需要消耗大量能源，所以進(jìn)展緩慢。能源成本占生產(chǎn)淡化水成本的三分之一到一半以上)”可知，生產(chǎn)成本高導(dǎo)致海水淡化進(jìn)展緩慢。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“EgyptandMorocco,forexample,arebuildingrenewable-poweredplantsdesignedbothtoprovidedrinkingwaterandtowatercrops.InSouthAustralia,aself-coolinggreenhousedesignthatuseswindtodesalinateseawaterforcropsispartofacommercialprojectproducing15percentofAustralian-growntomatoes.Scientistsarealsomakingmajorbreakthroughs,suchasnewself-cleaningmembrane(膜狀物)technology,whichimprovethedesalinationprocess.(例如，埃及和摩洛哥正在建設(shè)可再生能源發(fā)電廠，旨在提供飲用水和灌溉作物。在南澳大利亞，一個利用風(fēng)力淡化海水的自冷溫室設(shè)計是一個商業(yè)項(xiàng)目的一部分，該項(xiàng)目生產(chǎn)了澳大利亞15%的西紅柿?？茖W(xué)家們也取得了重大突破，比如改進(jìn)海水淡化過程的新型自清潔膜技術(shù))”可知，本段通過具體的埃及、摩洛哥和南澳大利亞的項(xiàng)目，以及自清潔膜技術(shù)的突破，展示了海水淡化領(lǐng)域的不斷發(fā)展。根據(jù)第四段“Onestart-up,CorePower,isdevelopingnuclear-poweredoffshoreplants.Another,Oneka,isemployingwavepowerfordesalinationunits.Thiswaveofgrowthandinnovationissettocontinue.Aglobaldesalinationequipmentmarketvaluedat17billiondollarsin2023isexpectedtogrowto32billiondollarsby2030.(一家名為CorePower的初創(chuàng)企業(yè)正在開發(fā)海上核電站。另一家名為Oneka的公司正在利用波浪能進(jìn)行海水淡化。這波增長和創(chuàng)新浪潮將持續(xù)下去。2023年全球海水淡化設(shè)備市場規(guī)模為170億美元，預(yù)計到2030年將增長到320億美元)”可知，本段介紹核能和波浪能兩種新興技術(shù)，以及良好的市場預(yù)測，強(qiáng)調(diào)了海水淡化領(lǐng)域的創(chuàng)新趨勢和市場增長。由此可知，海水淡化行業(yè)前景光明。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是全文第一句“Fordecadesit’sbeenhopedthatseawatercouldbedesalinated(淡化)toresolvetheproblemofdrinkingwatershortage.(幾十年來，人們一直希望通過淡化海水來解決飲用水短缺的問題)”可知，文章圍繞海水淡化展開，介紹了其現(xiàn)狀，并指出通過利用可再生能源和新技術(shù)，海水淡化成本正在降低，市場增長迅速，但仍面臨能源和環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)。因此，文章與自然資源、工業(yè)技術(shù)及經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相關(guān)，可能被刊登在《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》這種涉及商業(yè)、金融和科技等的刊物上。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butseriouschallengesremain.Mostfacilitiesstillusenon-renewablefuelstopowertheplants,andthepouringofprocessedseawaterintotheseaposesathreattosealife.Theseproblemswillhavetobeaddressedasathirstyworldlookstothedesalinationindustrytoprovideitsfreshwater.(但嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)依然存在。大多數(shù)設(shè)施仍然使用不可再生燃料為工廠提供動力，并且將處理過的海水倒入大海對海洋生物構(gòu)成威脅。這些問題必須得到解決，因?yàn)槿彼氖澜缯竿ＫI(yè)提供淡水)”可知，此處指出海水淡化領(lǐng)域仍然面臨嚴(yán)峻的能源和環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)。由此推知，接下來作者應(yīng)該會探討如何減少海水淡化的負(fù)面影響。故選B項(xiàng)。DAweexperiencestypicallyinvolvetheperceptionofsomethingincrediblyvastorpowerful,somethingthatchallengesone’sunderstandingoftheworld.Theseareoften,butnotalways,encounterswithnature,suchaslookingovermountainsfromanairplane,orstandingatthefootofanenormoustree.Newdevelopmentalresearchsuggeststheexperienceofaweiscrucialforachildtogrowstronger.Historically,awehasfeaturedinpsychologicalaccountsofpeakexperiences.WilliamJamesspokeextensivelyaboutvariousspiritualmomentsthatintenselymovedhimandshapedhisviewpoint.Hefeltstronglythesepeakexperiencesmadeforthedeeperdevelopmentofaperson’sinnerworld.Contemporaryresearcherstheorizethatawemayhavehelpedourancestorssurvivethroughouthistoryandcontinuestoimpartpositiveeffectstoday.Previousstudieshaveshownawecanbeinstrumentaltotheformationofsocialgroupsandcansetoffhelpfulsocialbehaviorsamongadults.Butourresearchshowsthatperceptionsofawestartmuchearlierinlife.Fourtonine-year-oldchildrenperceiveandrespondtoawe-inspiringexperiencesanddifferentiatethemfromeverydayexperiences.Whenwatchingfantasticfootageofsweepingnaturalscenes,thechildrenperceivedthemselvesassmaller—aphenomenonknownasthe“smallself”—incomparisonwithhowtheyfeltafterwatchingfootageofeverydaynatureimagery.Theyfurtherreportedbeingfilledwithpower,believingtheywerecapableofachievinggreatthings.Additionally,theyfeltasenseofcuriosityandadesiretoexploremore,seeingthemselvesasadventurersonajourneyofdiscovery.Inourbusylives,nevertheless,potentialmomentsofaweoftengetoverlooked.Withthepressuretoachieveseeping(滲透)intochildhoodearlierandearlier,it'seasytounderstandwhyyou,asaparent,mightbemorefocusedongettingyourchildrentothenextactivityorcompetition.However,asyoubecomemorereceptivetosourcesofaweandknowledgeableaboutitsimportanceduringdevelopment,you’llmostlikelyseethemobtainconsiderableadvantageswhengivingaweexperiencesgreaterpriority.32.Whichaspectofaweexperiencedoesthenewstudyhighlight?A.Itshistoricalorigin. B.Placesofitsoccurrence.C.Itsbenefitsforkids. D.Itsimpactsonadults’behavior.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impart”meaninparagraph3?A.Restrict. B.Withdraw. C.Generate. D.Transform.34.Howdidthechildrenfeelwhenviewingfootageofbreathtakingscenery?A.Contented. B.Motivated. C.Panicked. D.Confused.35.What’sthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Toappealtoparentsforachange.B.Toadvocateacare-freechildhoodlife.C.Tostatehispointonthefast-pacedsociety.D.Todescribeacommonculturalphenomenon.【答案】32.C33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了敬畏的經(jīng)歷對孩子成長的重要性?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Newdevelopmentalresearchsuggeststheexperienceofaweiscrucialforachildtogrowstronger.(新的發(fā)展研究表明，敬畏的經(jīng)歷對孩子的成長至關(guān)重要。)”可知，這項(xiàng)新研究強(qiáng)調(diào)了敬畏體驗(yàn)對孩子們的好處。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。劃線單詞前面的部分“Contemporaryresearcherstheorizethatawemayhavehelpedourancestorssurvivethroughouthistory(當(dāng)代研究人員推測，敬畏可能幫助我們的祖先在歷史上生存下來)”是說敬畏在人類歷史上的作用，根據(jù)句中的continueto和劃線單詞后面的positiveeffectstoday可知，此處是說敬畏在今天繼續(xù)產(chǎn)生積極的作用，所以劃線單詞impart的意義為“產(chǎn)生”，與C項(xiàng)中的generate意義相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的句子“Theyfurtherreportedbeingfilledwithpower,believingtheywerecapableofachievinggreatthings.Additionally,theyfeltasenseofcuriosityandadesiretoexploremore,seeingthemselvesasadventurersonajourneyofdiscovery.(他們還說自己充滿了力量，相信自己能夠成就大事。此外，他們感到一種好奇心和探索更多的欲望，將自己視為探索之旅的冒險家。)”可知，孩子們在觀看令人驚嘆的景色時受到了激勵。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“Inourbusylives,nevertheless,potentialmomentsofaweoftengetoverlooked.Withthepressuretoachieveseeping(滲透)intochildhoodearlierandearlier,it'seasytounderstandwhyyou,asaparent,mightbemorefocusedongettingyourchildrentothenextactivityorcompetition.However,asyoubecomemorereceptivetosourcesofaweandknowledgeableaboutitsimportanceduringdevelopment,you’llmostlikelyseethemobtainconsiderableadvantageswhengivingaweexperiencesgreaterpriority.(然而，在我們忙碌的生活中，潛在的敬畏時刻往往被忽視。隨著壓力越來越早地滲透到孩子身上，很容易理解為什么作為父母，你可能會更專注于讓你的孩子參加下一個活動或比賽。然而，當(dāng)你更容易接受敬畏感的來源，并了解其在開發(fā)過程中的重要性時，你很可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們在給予敬畏體驗(yàn)更大的優(yōu)先權(quán)時獲得了相當(dāng)大的優(yōu)勢。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在父母往往忽視孩子的敬畏體驗(yàn)，而文章的主要內(nèi)容是說敬畏的經(jīng)歷對孩子的成長至關(guān)重要。所以作者寫文章的目的是呼吁家長做出改變。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。___36___Everynowandthenwediscoveraceiling-breakingmoment,whereasinothermomentswemayfeellikehittingrockbottom.Whilesomeexperiencescan,betough,wecanturnthemintopowerfullearningandgrowingopportunities.Resilienceistheabilitytobouncebackfromsetbacks.___37___Eachtimeweweatherdifficulties,webuildupresilienceandrecognizeourowninnerstrengthanddeterminationtoovercomechallenges,makingusbetterequippedmentallyforwhateverhappensinthefuture.Whenwe’vegonethroughdifficulties,it’sessentialtotakeastepbackandaskourselvestoughquestions.Whatledtothissituation?Howcanwegrowfromit?___38___Aslongaswegainlearning,meaningandunderstandingfromit,eventheworstthingsthatstrikeuscanbecomegiftsandsourcesofstrengthandwisdomovertime.Meanwhile,wemaydiscoverourownprejudices,blind-spots,orareasneedingimprovement._