高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)賓語從句課件

賓語從句賓語從句objectclause一、定義二、連接詞三、時(shí)態(tài)四、語序五、it作形式賓語01定義

一

什么是賓語？

一

什么是賓語？Ilikemyteacher.Ienjoyplayingbasketball.Idecidetostudyhard.Itakecareofhim.賓語是動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象，是動(dòng)作的承受者，由名詞、代詞、不定式或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語來擔(dān)任。及物動(dòng)詞和介詞一定要帶賓語。

二

什么是賓語從句？Weallexpect

thattheywillwin.Wearetalkingabout

whetherweshouldreturnthemoney.IamafraidthatIcan’tsolvetheproblembymyself.陳述語序動(dòng)賓形賓介賓02連接詞1.從屬連詞that/if/whether2.連接代詞

who,whom,whose,

what，which等3.連接副詞where,why,when,how一.由that引導(dǎo)的賓從Shesaid

(that)shewasfromGermany.Mymothertoldme(that)Ishouldgotobedearly.that不做成分，無意義，可省略注意：Shesaid(that)

shecouldn’ttellmeandthat

Icouldn’tunderstand.Hesaid(that)hewasgoodatEnglishandthathewouldgoabroadforfurtherstudy.賓語從句并列時(shí),只省略第一個(gè)thathewantstogoswimmingif/whetherIask二.由whether和if引導(dǎo)的賓從：

我問他是否想去游泳。whether/if不做成分，意為"是否"hewantstogoswimmingif,whether在賓語從句中的區(qū)別賓語從句中if和whether都是“是否”的意思，但在以下情況下，只能用whether1).介詞后用whether，如：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethershewillcometonight.他們正在討論今晚她會(huì)不會(huì)來。2).whetherornot連用，如：Theydon'tknowwhetherornotshewillcome.他們不知道她會(huì)不會(huì)來。Theydon'tknowwhether/ifshewillcomeornot.3)賓從位于句首表強(qiáng)調(diào)，用whether如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican'tsay.

這是否是真的，我真說不上來。4).不定式前用whether，如：Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能決定是否留下。

5).當(dāng)discuss等詞后接賓從時(shí)用whether如：Wediscussedwhetherweshouldbuyagiftforhim.我們討論了是否應(yīng)該給他買禮物。6).避免歧異時(shí)，我們常用whether而不用if，如：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.(×)Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook.(√)注：if只有在賓從中才作“是否”理解，在常見的條件狀語從句中翻譯為“如果”.IfIpasstheexam,Iwillgetapresentfrommymom.如果通過考試，我將從媽媽那里得到個(gè)禮物。不借首飾，不討論，免歧義選用whether或if完成句子。1.Idon’tknow

heisfreeornot.2.Maryhasn'tdecided________ornotsheshouldagreewithhim.3.We’reworriedabout

heissafe.4.Idon’tknow

togo.5.Theyarediscussing________theyshouldputoffthemeeting.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether三.由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓從：

我不知道你喜歡做什么。 疑問語序變成陳述語序Idon'tknow

Whatdoyouliketodo?Idon'tknow

whatyouliketodo.what做賓語，意為"什么"連接詞意義功能從屬連詞that無意義不充當(dāng)成分whether/if是否不充當(dāng)成分連接代詞who(ever)（無論）誰主語、賓語、表語whom誰賓語whose誰的定語what（ever）（無論）什么，所...的主語、賓語、表語、定語which（ever）（無論）哪一個(gè)主語、賓語、定語連接副詞when何時(shí)時(shí)間狀語where哪里地點(diǎn)狀語why為什么原因狀語how如何/怎么方式狀語(1)Heasked_____couldanswerthisquestion.(2)Doyouknow_______youarewaitingfor?(3)Wewantedtoknow________writingwasthebestinourclass.(4)Hewantedtoknow______hadhappenedtothem.(5)Idon’tknow_______schoolheisin.用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空whowhomwhosewhatwhich

注意判斷各連接詞的含義(6)Iwantedtoknow_______hewaslate.(7)Canyoutellme______thenearesthospitalis?(8)Doyouknow_____hewillleaveforHongKong?(9)Wouldyoupleasetellme_____wecanfinish

theworkontime?

whywherewhenhow連接詞意義功能從屬連詞that無意義不充當(dāng)成分whether/if是否不充當(dāng)成分連接代詞who(ever)誰主語、賓語、表語whom誰賓語whose誰的定語what（ever）（無論）什么，所...的主語、賓語、表語、定語which（ever）（無論）哪一個(gè)主語、賓語、定語連接副詞when何時(shí)時(shí)間狀語where哪里地點(diǎn)狀語why為什么原因狀語how如何/怎么方式狀語填空練習(xí)：1)Willyoutellme_______Icankeephealthy?2)Hetoldme_______hisfatherhaddiedand_______hehadtomakealivingalone.3)Idon’tknow_________therewillbeabusornot.4)Hismotherissatisfiedwith______hehasdone.5)Iwanttoknow_______sheislookingafter.6)Wethinkitnecessary_____wetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.howthatthatwhetherwhatwhothat03時(shí)態(tài)Ihear(that)Jim

(be)aworkertwoyearsago..Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.waswillcookissingingwasplaying1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。（主現(xiàn)從任）一般過去式一般將來時(shí)正在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)2.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)。（主過從過）1)Hewill

gotoHongKong.2)He

is

sick.3)He

isreading

abook.1)He__________toHongKong.2)He______sick.3)He____________abook.He

said辨一辨waswasreadingwouldgo3.當(dāng)賓語從句指客觀真理，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。（特殊性原則）ATTENTIONHe

told

me(that)SummerafterSpring.isI

wastold

(that)thesunmuchbiggerthanthemoon.

isnonewsgoodnews.Myparents

toldme(that)is1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.4Doyouknowwhocaritis?

找錯(cuò)誤wasiswhose04語序句子的兩種語序:1.陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)叫陳述語序:主+謂

（即：正序）

2疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)叫疑問語序：謂+主（即：倒序）

賓語從句必須用________陳述語序Hegoesgotoschoolbybus.Doeshegotoschoolbybus?

練習(xí)：將下列句子改成陳述句語序：

1.Isthereabanknearhere?

2.IsitonFifthAvenue?

3.Aretheydoinghomework?

Thereisabanknearhere.ItisonFifthAvenue.

Theyaredoinghomework.

練習(xí)：選擇正確選項(xiàng)

1.

–Canyoutellme_________toLondon?–Sure.Nextmonth.A．

whenyouwilltravelB．

whenwillyoutravelC．

whenyoutravelledD．

whendidyoutravel2.—Whatdidtheteachersaytoyoujustnow?—Sheasked______.A．

wheredidIlearnJapaneseB．

whereIlearnedJapaneseC．

wheredoIlearnJapaneseD．

whereIlearnJapanese05It作形式賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語:在英語中有些及物動(dòng)詞，接了賓語意義仍不完整，還需要有一個(gè)其他的句子成分，來補(bǔ)充說明賓語的意義、狀態(tài)等，稱為賓語補(bǔ)足語，簡稱賓補(bǔ)。HesawLilydancingintheroom.他看見麗麗在房間跳舞。Hefoundhisroominacompletemess.他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的房間一團(tuán)糟。Wemadehimourmonitor.我們使他做班長。我們認(rèn)為我們每天鍛煉身體很重要。Wethinkitimportantthatwedoexerciseeveryday.1）有些動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句，常放在賓語補(bǔ)足語之后，且用it作形式賓語。Ifeelitcomfortablethatwelivewitharobot.Iconsideritusefulthatwereadaloudinthemorning.Hefindsitdifficultthathecanfinishtheworkontime.think，believe，make，find，consider，feelS++it+adj./n.+that從句+todosthWethinkitimportanttodoexerciseeveryday.Wethinkituselessdoingexerciseeveryday.IthinkitnogoodspendingtoomuchtimewatchingTV.IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.+nouse/nogood/useless+doingsththink，believe，make，find，consider，feelS++it2）有些表示喜好，憎惡的動(dòng)詞，如appreciate,enjoy,dislike,hate,like,love等，后面不能直接接賓語從句，需要加it,再加if/when引導(dǎo)的賓從。I'dappreciate

ifyoucanteachmehowtousethecomputer.Ihate___

whentheroomisnotclean.Idislike_____whenhetalkswithhismouthfull.ititit3)有些動(dòng)詞（短語），如dependon，relyon，seeto，owe(歸功于)等后面不能直接接賓語從句，需要加it，再加that引導(dǎo)的賓從。Pleasedependon

thattheywillsupportyou.Pleaseseeto

thatthechildrengotobedby9o’clock.Iowe

toyouthatIhavemadesuchgreatprogressinmyEnglish.itititIwouldappr