仁愛(ài)版中考英語(yǔ)四輪總復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)06.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(學(xué)生版+解析)

第六講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的用法是選擇題，語(yǔ)法填空的?？键c(diǎn)，從形式上看，主要考查動(dòng)詞不定式的一般式，現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式和過(guò)去分詞；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的考查頻率相對(duì)更高。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分類：①動(dòng)詞不定式②動(dòng)名詞③現(xiàn)在分詞④過(guò)去分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞備考：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)、主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)搭配：動(dòng)詞不定式todowant,wouldlike,decide,plan,hope,wish,need,agree,learn,manage,pretend,offer,choose,promise,warn,ask,allow,order,encourage,invite,remind,advise..動(dòng)名詞doingenjoy,finish,imagine,keep,practice,mind,avoid,admit,consider,bebusy,beworth,feellike,can’thelp,lookforwardto,beusedto,payattentionto…動(dòng)詞原形do情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+domake/let/help/whynot/whydon’tyou/hadbetter/wouldrather+do常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)：1.動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))Skatingisveryinteresting. Skating做主語(yǔ)。2.動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)/介賓/定語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)。3.動(dòng)詞不定式做主語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)/賓補(bǔ)/狀語(yǔ)(目的狀語(yǔ)).4.特殊疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式.Eg:whattodo/howtodosth.重難點(diǎn)：(培優(yōu)選講)1.分詞：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞done：表被動(dòng)關(guān)系動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞doing:表主動(dòng)關(guān)系考點(diǎn)1動(dòng)詞不定式1.動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式為:to+動(dòng)詞原形,有時(shí)可以省略to,這里的to是不定式符號(hào),本身無(wú)詞義,動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。2.動(dòng)詞不定式的基本用法用法說(shuō)明例句作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it作形式主語(yǔ),而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句末,避免句子頭重腳輕TolearnEnglishwellisuseful.=ItisusefultolearnEnglishwell.如果要說(shuō)明不定式表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,可以在不定式前加一個(gè)for短語(yǔ)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為It+be+adj.+forsb.+todosth.Itisgoodforyoutogooutforawalk.在以某些表示人的品質(zhì)、特征等的形容詞(如kind,good,nice,wise,clever,polite等)作表語(yǔ)時(shí),不定式之前可以加一個(gè)of短語(yǔ),用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。其結(jié)構(gòu)為It+be+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.It’snotpoliteofhimtospeaktooldpeoplelikethat.兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)詞不定式并列時(shí),第一個(gè)不定式帶to,后面的不定式通常省略toTogotosleepearlyandgetupearlyisagoodhabit.作賓語(yǔ)不定式用在及物動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ),常見(jiàn)的這類及物動(dòng)詞有begin,choose,continue,decide,expect,fail,forget,hate,help,hope,learn,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,pretend,promise,refuse,try,afford,agree,start,like等Ican’taffordtobuyadigitalcameraatthemoment.在find,think后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it作形式賓語(yǔ),而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在后面IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.在某些句型中,不定式中的to常被省略,如Whynotdo...?Whydon’tyoudo...?...hadbetterdo...,...wouldratherdo...,Could/Would/Willyoupleasedo...?Iwouldratherstayintheroom.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有want,ask,tell,allow,get,wouldlike,advise,encourage等MymotherencouragesmetolearnJapanese.一些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞也用不定式作賓補(bǔ),這時(shí)不定式要省略to。這些動(dòng)詞有一感(feel)、二聽(tīng)(hear,listento)、三讓(let,make,have)、四看(lookat,see,watch,notice)。但變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)必須加上toIoftenhearLiMingsinginthenextroom.動(dòng)詞help后面的不定式,可以帶to,也可以不帶toYoumusthelpme(to)domyhomeworkthisafternoon.作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)的不定式,要放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞之后Ihavesomeclothestowash.如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,且與它所修飾的詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,則作定語(yǔ)的不定式要加上相應(yīng)的介詞;但是,當(dāng)不定式修飾的名詞是time,place或way時(shí),不定式后面習(xí)慣上要省略介詞Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Wehavealotofthingstotalkabout.Mygrandmahadnoplacetolive(in)intheolddays.不定式修飾something,anything,nothing時(shí),放在它們的后面,如果something,anything,nothing有形容詞修飾,詞序是:something/anything/nothing+形容詞+不定式Ihadsomethingcoldtodrink.作狀語(yǔ)不定式經(jīng)常作目的狀語(yǔ),可位于句首或句末Tobeagoodstudent,onemuststudyhard.和某些形容詞連用構(gòu)成“be+形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu),作原因狀語(yǔ)Wearesorrytotroubleyou.作程度或結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí),常與enough(表示肯定)或too(表示否定)連用Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的“職業(yè)、職責(zé)或性質(zhì)”等,通常對(duì)連系動(dòng)詞前面的名詞進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明Hiswishistobecomeadoctor.和疑問(wèn)詞連用不定式常和疑問(wèn)詞what,which,when,where,how連用,在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等Hedidn’tknowwheretogo.=Hedidn’tknowwhereheshouldgo.考點(diǎn)1動(dòng)詞不定式1.Duringthe16thcentury,Europesawrichdevelopmentsinscience,medicineandthearts.Peoplehadto“invent”wordsnewideas.

A.toexpress B.expresses C.express2.Mr.Whiteinvitedmethehillwithhimlastweekend.

A.toclimb B.climb C.climbing3.Ourschoolhasheldmanyactivitiesthe100thbirthdayoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

A.celebrate B.celebrated C.tocelebrate考點(diǎn)2動(dòng)名詞一、動(dòng)名詞1.動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞由“動(dòng)詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成,它具有名詞的性質(zhì),在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ),同時(shí)又保留了動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì),可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。2.動(dòng)名詞的基本用法用法說(shuō)明例句作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。有時(shí)可用it作形式主語(yǔ),將用作真正主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞放在句末Swimmingisgoodforourhealth.It’sinterestingplayingwithchildren.作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞enjoy,practice,finish,mind,miss,keep,suggest,imagine,consider等后面接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)HersisterpracticesspeakingEnglisheveryday.某些由介詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,如beinterestedin,beproudof,beworth,beusedto,feellike,giveup,thinkof,takepartin等之后也接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)WeareproudofbeingChinese.Weareusedtolivinginthiscity.作定語(yǔ)通常位于名詞前Theyfoundanotherhidingplace.作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)具有抽象名詞特性Seeingisbelieving.注意:①英語(yǔ)中有一些詞或短語(yǔ)后面常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。我們可按下面的順口溜記憶:完成練習(xí)值得忙(finish,practice,beworth,bebusy)繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄(keepon,beusedto,giveup)考慮建議不禁想(consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike)喜歡思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind)②下列短語(yǔ)中的to為介詞,后面應(yīng)加動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。makecontributionsto...為……做貢獻(xiàn)devoteoneselfto...致力于……lookforwardto...期盼……prefer...to...比起……更喜歡……③need,require,want后接動(dòng)名詞等于接不定式的被動(dòng)式。Theflowersneedwatering.=Theflowersneedtobewatered.二．知識(shí)拓展動(dòng)詞后接不定式與動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別①stoptodost?Stoptothinkaboutitforamoment.停下來(lái)想一下這件事。Stoptalking,please.請(qǐng)停止說(shuō)話。②remembertodosth.記住要做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生)Pleaseremembertopostmyletter.請(qǐng)記得把我的信寄走。Irememberpostingyourletter.我記得把你的信寄出去了。③forgettodosth.忘記做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生)Iforgottobringmyhomework.我忘記帶作業(yè)了。Iforgotbringingmyhomework.我忘記已經(jīng)把作業(yè)帶來(lái)了。④trytodosth.努力去做某事Pleasetrytodobetternexttime.請(qǐng)下次設(shè)法做得更好些。HetriedspeakingEnglishtous.他試著用英語(yǔ)和我們談話。⑤goontodosth.(做完一件事后)接著去做另外一件事Goontodotheotherexercisesafteryoufinishthisone.做完這個(gè)練習(xí)題后,接著做其他的。Hesaidnothingbutjustwentonworking.他什么都不說(shuō)只是不停地干活。⑥allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事Wedon’tallowstudentstogoout.我們不允許學(xué)生外出。Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.我們不允許在這里吸煙。⑦regrettodosth.對(duì)要做某事感到遺憾(未做)Iregrettohavetodothis,butIhavenochoice.我很遺憾必須這樣做,但是我沒(méi)有選擇。Idon’tregrettellingherwhatIthought.我不后悔告訴了她我的想法。⑧meantodosth.打算/想做某事Imeanttogo,butmyfatherwouldnotallowmeto.我想去,但我父親不肯讓我去。Doingthatmeanswastingtime.那樣做意味著浪費(fèi)時(shí)間?？键c(diǎn)3分詞1.分詞的構(gòu)成分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種?，F(xiàn)在分詞由“動(dòng)詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成;過(guò)去分詞的基本形式是“動(dòng)詞原形+-ed”,但也有不規(guī)則的形式。現(xiàn)在分詞有主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行之意。過(guò)去分詞有被動(dòng)、完成之意。2.分詞的基本用法用法例句說(shuō)明作定語(yǔ)Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetree?你認(rèn)識(shí)正站在樹(shù)下面的那個(gè)女孩嗎?Pleasehandinyourwrittenexercises.請(qǐng)交上你們的書面練習(xí)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)是它所修飾的詞;過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),其邏輯賓語(yǔ)是它所修飾的詞作狀語(yǔ)Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.學(xué)生們談笑著走出了教室。現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),其邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)Thebookwasratherboring.這本書相當(dāng)枯燥乏味。Theboyistoofrightenedtomove.這個(gè)男孩太害怕了,以至于不能動(dòng)了?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征,過(guò)去分詞表示某種狀態(tài)作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Don’tkeepuswaitingforalongtime.不要讓我們等得太久。He’llhavehishaircutafterschool.放學(xué)后他要去理發(fā)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)是它的邏輯主語(yǔ);過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)是它的邏輯賓語(yǔ)3.現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別(1)在語(yǔ)態(tài)上,現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義,過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義。如:amovingfilm一部感人的電影themovedpeople被感動(dòng)的人們(2)在時(shí)間上,現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,過(guò)去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。如:developingcountries發(fā)展中國(guó)家developedcountries發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家4.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)與不定式作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別我們常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞如see,watch,notice,hear等,接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ),表示已經(jīng)完成了的或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作;接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ),表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如:Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom.我聽(tīng)到他正在教室里唱歌。(“唱”這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)Iheardhimsingintheclassroom.我聽(tīng)到他在教室里唱歌了。(“唱”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束)Isawhimgoingupthestairs.我看見(jiàn)他正在上樓。(“上樓”這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)Isawhimgoupthestairs.我看見(jiàn)他上樓了。(“上樓”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)5.havesb.dosth.,havesb./sth.doingsth.和havesth.done的區(qū)別(1)havesb.dosth.意為“讓某人做某事”,have可以用let或make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具體動(dòng)作,且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或尚未發(fā)生。如:Thesoldiershadtheboystandwithhisbacktohisfather.士兵們讓這個(gè)男孩背對(duì)他的父親站著。(2)havesb./sth.doingsth.意為“讓某人/物一直做某事”。have可以用keep代替,現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)所表示的動(dòng)作往往具有持續(xù)進(jìn)行的含義。如:Thetwomenhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong.那兩個(gè)男人讓燈通宵亮著。(3)havesth.done意為“讓別人做某事”,即asksb.elsetodosth.,過(guò)去分詞(done)所表示的動(dòng)作由他人(非主語(yǔ)本身)來(lái)完成。如:Thedriverhadhiscarwashedonceaweek.這個(gè)司機(jī)一周讓人洗一次車。1.Remembertousesunglassestostopthesunfromdirectlyinyoureyes.

A.shine B.shining C.toshine2.IwasdeeplymovedbythefilmHi,Mom.Ithinkit'swellworth.

A.towatch B.watch C.watching3.—HowcanIimprovemypronunciation,Madam?—Keeponandyou'llmakeprogress.

A.practice B.practicing C.topractice4.Mostofusenjoytoourmothersspeak,becauseourbrainsgreatlypreferthevoicesofourownmothers.

A.listening B.listen C.tolisten5.Thetwinbrothersarebusyartworksfromoceanwaste.

A.making B.make C.tomake隨堂練習(xí)考點(diǎn)1動(dòng)詞不定式1.(2021福建,32)Ourschoolhasheldmanyactivitiesthe100thbirthdayoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

A.celebrateB.celebratedC.tocelebrate2.(2021龍巖一模,29)—Wheredoyouplanduringthesummervacation?

—MaybeIwillgotoShanghaiwithmyparents.A.travel B.travelingC.totravel3.(2021福州一模,29)thereportintime,Emmaasksallofustoworktogether.

A.Finish B.FinishingC.Tofinish4.(2020福州二模,31)DorismadeasurveyhowmanystudentsinourgradehavebeentotheGreatWall.

A.findout B.foundoutC.tofindout5.(2020福州一模,28)agoodtimeinBeijing,theymadeatravelplancarefully.

A.Have B.Had C.Tohave考點(diǎn)2動(dòng)名詞和分詞1.(2020福建,26)Thetwinbrothersarebusyartworksfromoceanwaste.

A.making B.make C.tomake2.(2021南平一模,31)Tonypracticestheguitarhardandoftengiveswonderfulperformances.

A.play B.toplay C.playing3.(2021福建,90)It’saperfectwaytohelpgiveyouasenseofhappinessandpeaceafter(spend)atiringday.

4.(2019福建,84)Paperhadalreadyexisted(存在)inChina,buttheprocessfor(produce)itwasdifficultandthepaperwasoflowquality.

5.(2018福建,90)However,hestillkeeps(try)newthings.

6.(2017福建,90)Peopleinancienttimesbelievedthattheplantcoulddriveawayevil(邪惡的)spiritsandpreventthemfrom(catch)anillnessinwinter.

7.(2021寧德一模,83)Centuriesago,mostpeoplemadetheirlivingthrough(farm).

8.(2021泉州一模,88)Justimaginesuchananimal(stand)amongmanychickens.Thecranewillnaturallystandout.

9.(2020福州質(zhì)檢,86)TCMplaysabigpartin(treat)COVID-19patients.

10.(2020莆田質(zhì)檢,87)Theyaremostlycausedbyactivitiessuchas(burn)oilandfarming.

53綜合練1.(2021江蘇揚(yáng)州,9改編)Inmanycountries,peopleputtheirfingersuptotheirmouthssilence.

A.askforB.askingforC.toaskfor2.(2021云南,26改編)Theearthisingreatdangernow.Wehavetodosomethingit.

A.protectB.protectingC.toprotect3.(2021湖南懷化,27)Thegovernmentaskspeopletherubbishfromtheirdailylifeindifferentgroups.

A.toput B.putting C.put4.(2021海南,33)—Ihavelesshomeworkthanbefore!—Me,too.Now,wehaveenoughtimesports.

A.do B.doing C.todo5.(2021吉林,28)Mr.Whiteinvitedmethehillwithhimlastweekend.

A.toclimb B.climb C.climbing6.(2021云南昆明,31改編)Itisnecessarytolearntimeandmakegooduseofeveryminute.

A.tomanageB.managing C.manage7.(2021江蘇南京,4改編)IwouldbeinterestedtoseethepandasintheWolongPandaReserve,becauseitallowspeopleclosertothem.

A.get B.toget C.getting8.(2021內(nèi)蒙古包頭,24改編)theonlineshopping,mygrandmaboughtasmartphone.

A.Enjoyed B.Enjoying C.Toenjoy9.(2021四川成都,40)Itishardforpeopletomoveforwardwithastrongwindhard.

A.blown B.blowing C.toblow10.(2021重慶,26改編)Thevillagersplananewbridgeovertheriver.

A.build B.building C.tobuild11.(2020四川成都,32)—Whydomanyfarmersputtheirproductsonlinethesedays?—themmoreeasily.

A.Tosell B.Sell C.Selling12.(2020內(nèi)蒙古包頭,24改編)theprojectasplanned,theyneedtoworktwomorehoursaday.

A.TofinishB.Finishing C.Finish13.(2020云南,30改編)It’snecessarymasks(口罩)inpublicplacesduringtheCOVID-19period.

A.forustowearB.foruswearing C.ofustowear14.(2020吉林,34)Lisaplansanewpicturenextweek.

A.draw B.todrawC.drawing15.(2020海南,31)Frankandhisfriendshadgreatfunvolleyballonthebeachyesterday.

A.playB.playingC.toplay16.(2020遼寧營(yíng)口,13改編)AgroupofstudentsfromHongqiSchoolhopeourschoolartfestivalnextweek.

A.joininB.tojoininC.joiningin17.(2020黑龍江齊齊哈爾,6)Moststudentslookforwardtobacktotheclassroomtohavelessonswiththeirclassmates.

A.comeB.came C.coming18.(2020新疆,28改編)—Whydon’tthedoctorsstoplunch?

—Becausetheyarebusyapatient.

A.tohave;tosave B.having;saving C.tohave;saving19.(2019貴州貴陽(yáng),36)Tolivealow-carbonlife,wemustrememberthelightswhenweleavetheroom.

A.toturnoff B.turningoff C.nottoturnoff20.(2019天津,30改編)Thegovernmentissettingupnatureparksprotectpandas.

A.tohelp B.help C.helped21.(2019吉林,29)MichaelvisitsmanywebsitesaboutChineseculture.

A.learn B.learned C.tolearn22.(2021江蘇蘇州,48)Ithinkthisisagreatquestion.Idospendmydays(study)howfishgoabouttheirlives.

23.(2021湖北武漢,81改編)Ifyoudon’tknowhowtofixtheEarth,pleasestop(break)it.

24.(2021云南,68)Theyoungshoulddomeaningfulthingsinsteadof(play)withphonesallday.

25.(2021浙江寧波,52)Shewastiredof(drive)themeverywherewithoutthanksanddoingmorethanhershareoftheworkaroundthehouse.

26.(2021云南昆明,71)IalsorealizedIcouldgetthemeaningby(listen)forjustthekeywords.

27.(2021湖南衡陽(yáng),46)InordertorememberZu,somemathematicianssuggest(call)pi“ZuLv”.

28.(2021四川南充,71)Ihadlistedallthethingsinmywallet(get)somenewones.

29.(2021山東濰坊,27)“What!”shecried,(look)atmeingreatsurprise.

30.(2021廣東深圳,39)Hewasexploringhow(spread)ChinesecultureabroadbytranslatingChinesebeautyintoWesternbeauty.

第六講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的用法是選擇題，語(yǔ)法填空的?？键c(diǎn)，從形式上看，主要考查動(dòng)詞不定式的一般式，現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式和過(guò)去分詞；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的考查頻率相對(duì)更高。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分類：①動(dòng)詞不定式②動(dòng)名詞③現(xiàn)在分詞④過(guò)去分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞備考：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)、主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)搭配：動(dòng)詞不定式todowant,wouldlike,decide,plan,hope,wish,need,agree,learn,manage,pretend,offer,choose,promise,warn,ask,allow,order,encourage,invite,remind,advise..動(dòng)名詞doingenjoy,finish,imagine,keep,practice,mind,avoid,admit,consider,bebusy,beworth,feellike,can’thelp,lookforwardto,beusedto,payattentionto…動(dòng)詞原形do情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+domake/let/help/whynot/whydon’tyou/hadbetter/wouldrather+do常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)：1.動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))Skatingisveryinteresting. Skating做主語(yǔ)。2.動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)/介賓/定語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)。3.動(dòng)詞不定式做主語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)/賓補(bǔ)/狀語(yǔ)(目的狀語(yǔ)).4.特殊疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式.Eg:whattodo/howtodosth.重難點(diǎn)：(培優(yōu)選講)1.分詞：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞done：表被動(dòng)關(guān)系動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞doing:表主動(dòng)關(guān)系考點(diǎn)1動(dòng)詞不定式1.動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式為:to+動(dòng)詞原形,有時(shí)可以省略to,這里的to是不定式符號(hào),本身無(wú)詞義,動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。2.動(dòng)詞不定式的基本用法用法說(shuō)明例句作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it作形式主語(yǔ),而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句末,避免句子頭重腳輕TolearnEnglishwellisuseful.=ItisusefultolearnEnglishwell.如果要說(shuō)明不定式表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,可以在不定式前加一個(gè)for短語(yǔ)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為It+be+adj.+forsb.+todosth.Itisgoodforyoutogooutforawalk.在以某些表示人的品質(zhì)、特征等的形容詞(如kind,good,nice,wise,clever,polite等)作表語(yǔ)時(shí),不定式之前可以加一個(gè)of短語(yǔ),用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。其結(jié)構(gòu)為It+be+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.It’snotpoliteofhimtospeaktooldpeoplelikethat.兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)詞不定式并列時(shí),第一個(gè)不定式帶to,后面的不定式通常省略toTogotosleepearlyandgetupearlyisagoodhabit.作賓語(yǔ)不定式用在及物動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ),常見(jiàn)的這類及物動(dòng)詞有begin,choose,continue,decide,expect,fail,forget,hate,help,hope,learn,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,pretend,promise,refuse,try,afford,agree,start,like等Ican’taffordtobuyadigitalcameraatthemoment.在find,think后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it作形式賓語(yǔ),而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在后面IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.在某些句型中,不定式中的to常被省略,如Whynotdo...?Whydon’tyoudo...?...hadbetterdo...,...wouldratherdo...,Could/Would/Willyoupleasedo...?Iwouldratherstayintheroom.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有want,ask,tell,allow,get,wouldlike,advise,encourage等MymotherencouragesmetolearnJapanese.一些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞也用不定式作賓補(bǔ),這時(shí)不定式要省略to。這些動(dòng)詞有一感(feel)、二聽(tīng)(hear,listento)、三讓(let,make,have)、四看(lookat,see,watch,notice)。但變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)必須加上toIoftenhearLiMingsinginthenextroom.動(dòng)詞help后面的不定式,可以帶to,也可以不帶toYoumusthelpme(to)domyhomeworkthisafternoon.作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)的不定式,要放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞之后Ihavesomeclothestowash.如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,且與它所修飾的詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,則作定語(yǔ)的不定式要加上相應(yīng)的介詞;但是,當(dāng)不定式修飾的名詞是time,place或way時(shí),不定式后面習(xí)慣上要省略介詞Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Wehavealotofthingstotalkabout.Mygrandmahadnoplacetolive(in)intheolddays.不定式修飾something,anything,nothing時(shí),放在它們的后面,如果something,anything,nothing有形容詞修飾,詞序是:something/anything/nothing+形容詞+不定式Ihadsomethingcoldtodrink.作狀語(yǔ)不定式經(jīng)常作目的狀語(yǔ),可位于句首或句末Tobeagoodstudent,onemuststudyhard.和某些形容詞連用構(gòu)成“be+形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu),作原因狀語(yǔ)Wearesorrytotroubleyou.作程度或結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí),常與enough(表示肯定)或too(表示否定)連用Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的“職業(yè)、職責(zé)或性質(zhì)”等,通常對(duì)連系動(dòng)詞前面的名詞進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明Hiswishistobecomeadoctor.和疑問(wèn)詞連用不定式常和疑問(wèn)詞what,which,when,where,how連用,在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等Hedidn’tknowwheretogo.=Hedidn’tknowwhereheshouldgo.考點(diǎn)1動(dòng)詞不定式1.Duringthe16thcentury,Europesawrichdevelopmentsinscience,medicineandthearts.Peoplehadto“invent”wordsnewideas.

A.toexpress B.expresses C.express【答案】A句意:在16世紀(jì),歐洲在科學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)和藝術(shù)方面有了豐富的發(fā)展。人們不得不“發(fā)明”詞語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)新思想。此處用動(dòng)詞不定式表目的,故選A。2.Mr.Whiteinvitedmethehillwithhimlastweekend.

A.toclimb B.climb C.climbing【答案】A考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。invitesb.todosth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事。故選A。3.Ourschoolhasheldmanyactivitiesthe100thbirthdayoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

A.celebrate B.celebrated C.tocelebrate【答案】C句意:我們學(xué)校舉辦了許多活動(dòng)來(lái)慶祝中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨百年誕辰。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。由句意可知,本空應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故答案為C?？键c(diǎn)2動(dòng)名詞一、動(dòng)名詞1.動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞由“動(dòng)詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成,它具有名詞的性質(zhì),在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ),同時(shí)又保留了動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì),可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。2.動(dòng)名詞的基本用法用法說(shuō)明例句作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。有時(shí)可用it作形式主語(yǔ),將用作真正主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞放在句末Swimmingisgoodforourhealth.It’sinterestingplayingwithchildren.作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞enjoy,practice,finish,mind,miss,keep,suggest,imagine,consider等后面接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)HersisterpracticesspeakingEnglisheveryday.某些由介詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,如beinterestedin,beproudof,beworth,beusedto,feellike,giveup,thinkof,takepartin等之后也接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)WeareproudofbeingChinese.Weareusedtolivinginthiscity.作定語(yǔ)通常位于名詞前Theyfoundanotherhidingplace.作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)具有抽象名詞特性Seeingisbelieving.注意:①英語(yǔ)中有一些詞或短語(yǔ)后面常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。我們可按下面的順口溜記憶:完成練習(xí)值得忙(finish,practice,beworth,bebusy)繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄(keepon,beusedto,giveup)考慮建議不禁想(consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike)喜歡思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind)②下列短語(yǔ)中的to為介詞,后面應(yīng)加動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。makecontributionsto...為……做貢獻(xiàn)devoteoneselfto...致力于……lookforwardto...期盼……prefer...to...比起……更喜歡……③need,require,want后接動(dòng)名詞等于接不定式的被動(dòng)式。Theflowersneedwatering.=Theflowersneedtobewatered.二．知識(shí)拓展動(dòng)詞后接不定式與動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別①stoptodost?Stoptothinkaboutitforamoment.停下來(lái)想一下這件事。Stoptalking,please.請(qǐng)停止說(shuō)話。②remembertodosth.記住要做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生)Pleaseremembertopostmyletter.請(qǐng)記得把我的信寄走。Irememberpostingyourletter.我記得把你的信寄出去了。③forgettodosth.忘記做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生)Iforgottobringmyhomework.我忘記帶作業(yè)了。Iforgotbringingmyhomework.我忘記已經(jīng)把作業(yè)帶來(lái)了。④trytodosth.努力去做某事Pleasetrytodobetternexttime.請(qǐng)下次設(shè)法做得更好些。HetriedspeakingEnglishtous.他試著用英語(yǔ)和我們談話。⑤goontodosth.(做完一件事后)接著去做另外一件事Goontodotheotherexercisesafteryoufinishthisone.做完這個(gè)練習(xí)題后,接著做其他的。Hesaidnothingbutjustwentonworking.他什么都不說(shuō)只是不停地干活。⑥allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事Wedon’tallowstudentstogoout.我們不允許學(xué)生外出。Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.我們不允許在這里吸煙。⑦regrettodosth.對(duì)要做某事感到遺憾(未做)Iregrettohavetodothis,butIhavenochoice.我很遺憾必須這樣做,但是我沒(méi)有選擇。Idon’tregrettellingherwhatIthought.我不后悔告訴了她我的想法。⑧meantodosth.打算/想做某事Imeanttogo,butmyfatherwouldnotallowmeto.我想去,但我父親不肯讓我去。Doingthatmeanswastingtime.那樣做意味著浪費(fèi)時(shí)間?？键c(diǎn)3分詞1.分詞的構(gòu)成分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種?，F(xiàn)在分詞由“動(dòng)詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成;過(guò)去分詞的基本形式是“動(dòng)詞原形+-ed”,但也有不規(guī)則的形式?，F(xiàn)在分詞有主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行之意。過(guò)去分詞有被動(dòng)、完成之意。2.分詞的基本用法用法例句說(shuō)明作定語(yǔ)Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetree?你認(rèn)識(shí)正站在樹(shù)下面的那個(gè)女孩嗎?Pleasehandinyourwrittenexercises.請(qǐng)交上你們的書面練習(xí)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)是它所修飾的詞;過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),其邏輯賓語(yǔ)是它所修飾的詞作狀語(yǔ)Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.學(xué)生們談笑著走出了教室?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),其邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)Thebookwasratherboring.這本書相當(dāng)枯燥乏味。Theboyistoofrightenedtomove.這個(gè)男孩太害怕了,以至于不能動(dòng)了?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征,過(guò)去分詞表示某種狀態(tài)作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Don’tkeepuswaitingforalongtime.不要讓我們等得太久。He’llhavehishaircutafterschool.放學(xué)后他要去理發(fā)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)是它的邏輯主語(yǔ);過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)是它的邏輯賓語(yǔ)3.現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別(1)在語(yǔ)態(tài)上,現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義,過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義。如:amovingfilm一部感人的電影themovedpeople被感動(dòng)的人們(2)在時(shí)間上,現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,過(guò)去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。如:developingcountries發(fā)展中國(guó)家developedcountries發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家4.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)與不定式作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別我們常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞如see,watch,notice,hear等,接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ),表示已經(jīng)完成了的或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作;接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ),表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如:Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom.我聽(tīng)到他正在教室里唱歌。(“唱”這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)Iheardhimsingintheclassroom.我聽(tīng)到他在教室里唱歌了。(“唱”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束)Isawhimgoingupthestairs.我看見(jiàn)他正在上樓。(“上樓”這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)Isawhimgoupthestairs.我看見(jiàn)他上樓了。(“上樓”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)5.havesb.dosth.,havesb./sth.doingsth.和havesth.done的區(qū)別(1)havesb.dosth.意為“讓某人做某事”,have可以用let或make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具體動(dòng)作,且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或尚未發(fā)生。如:Thesoldiershadtheboystandwithhisbacktohisfather.士兵們讓這個(gè)男孩背對(duì)他的父親站著。(2)havesb./sth.doingsth.意為“讓某人/物一直做某事”。have可以用keep代替,現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)所表示的動(dòng)作往往具有持續(xù)進(jìn)行的含義。如:Thetwomenhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong.那兩個(gè)男人讓燈通宵亮著。(3)havesth.done意為“讓別人做某事”,即asksb.elsetodosth.,過(guò)去分詞(done)所表示的動(dòng)作由他人(非主語(yǔ)本身)來(lái)完成。如:Thedriverhadhiscarwashedonceaweek.這個(gè)司機(jī)一周讓人洗一次車。1.Remembertousesunglassestostopthesunfromdirectlyinyoureyes.

A.shine B.shining C.toshine【答案】B本題考查動(dòng)名詞。固定搭配stop...fromdoing...,故選B。2.IwasdeeplymovedbythefilmHi,Mom.Ithinkit'swellworth.

A.towatch B.watch C.watching【答案】C本題考查動(dòng)名詞。it'sworthdoing值得做。故答案選擇C。3.—HowcanIimprovemypronunciation,Madam?—Keeponandyou'llmakeprogress.

A.practice B.practicing C.topractice【答案】B本題考查動(dòng)名詞。keepondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事,堅(jiān)持做某事,故答案選擇B。4.Mostofusenjoytoourmothersspeak,becauseourbrainsgreatlypreferthevoicesofourownmothers.

A.listening B.listen C.tolisten【答案】A句意:我們大多數(shù)人喜歡聽(tīng)母親說(shuō)話,因?yàn)槲覀兊拇竽X非常喜歡自己母親的聲音。本題考查動(dòng)名詞。enjoy后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),enjoydoingsth.意為“喜歡做某事”。故選A。5.Thetwinbrothersarebusyartworksfromoceanwaste.

A.making B.make C.tomake【答案】A句意:那對(duì)雙胞胎兄弟正忙著用海洋廢棄物制作藝術(shù)品。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事。故選A。隨堂練習(xí)考點(diǎn)1動(dòng)詞不定式1.(2021福建,32)Ourschoolhasheldmanyactivitiesthe100thbirthdayoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

A.celebrateB.celebratedC.tocelebrate【答案】C本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本空應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故答案為C。2.(2021龍巖一模,29)—Wheredoyouplanduringthesummervacation?

—MaybeIwillgotoShanghaiwithmyparents.A.travel B.travelingC.totravel【答案】C句意:——暑假你計(jì)劃去哪里旅行呢?——我可能會(huì)和我父母一起去上海。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式。plantodo...計(jì)劃去做……。故選C。3.(2021福州一模,29)thereportintime,Emmaasksallofustoworktogether.

A.Finish B.FinishingC.Tofinish【答案】C句意:為了按時(shí)完成報(bào)告,?，斠笪覀兯腥艘黄鹋ぷ?。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式。分析句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),故選C。4.(2020福州二模,31)DorismadeasurveyhowmanystudentsinourgradehavebeentotheGreatWall.

A.findout B.foundoutC.tofindout【答案】C句意:多麗絲做了一個(gè)調(diào)查,去弄清我們年級(jí)有多少學(xué)生已經(jīng)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城了。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式。做調(diào)查的目的在于弄清楚人數(shù),應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的,故選C。5.(2020福州一模,28)agoodtimeinBeijing,theymadeatravelplancarefully.

A.Have B.Had C.Tohave【答案】C句意:為了在北京玩得開(kāi)心,他們認(rèn)真做了一個(gè)旅行計(jì)劃。做計(jì)劃的目的在于玩得開(kāi)心,應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的,故選C?？键c(diǎn)2動(dòng)名詞和分詞1.(2020福建,26)Thetwinbrothersarebusyartworksfromoceanwaste.

A.making B.make C.tomake【答案】A句意:那對(duì)雙胞胎兄弟正忙著用海洋廢棄物制作藝術(shù)品。本題考查動(dòng)名詞。bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事。故選A。2.(2021南平一模,31)Tonypracticestheguitarhardandoftengiveswonderfulperformances.

A.play B.toplay C.playing【答案】C句意:托尼努力地練習(xí)吉他,并且經(jīng)常舉辦很棒的演出。本題考查動(dòng)名詞。practicedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事。故選C。3.(2021福建,90)It’saperfectwaytohelpgiveyouasenseofhappinessandpeaceafter(spend)atiringday.

【答案】spending設(shè)空處前面的after為介詞,故該空應(yīng)為介詞的賓語(yǔ),所以動(dòng)詞spend要變成動(dòng)名詞形式。故填spending。4.(2019福建,84)Paperhadalreadyexisted(存在)inChina,buttheprocessfor(produce)itwasdifficultandthepaperwasoflowquality.

【答案】producing句意:紙?jiān)谥袊?guó)已經(jīng)存在,但是制作它的過(guò)程很困難,而且紙的質(zhì)量很差。for為介詞,后面的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。produce變動(dòng)名詞形式應(yīng)去掉不發(fā)音的e,加-ing。故答案為producing。5.(2018福建,90)However,hestillkeeps(try)newthings.

【答案】trying句意:然而,他還是一直嘗試著新的東西。keepdoingsth.持續(xù)做某事。6.(2017福建,90)Peopleinancienttimesbelievedthattheplantcoulddriveawayevil(邪惡的)spiritsandpreventthemfrom(catch)anillnessinwinter.

【答案】catching句意:古時(shí)候,人們堅(jiān)信這種植物能驅(qū)逐惡靈并且在冬天保護(hù)他們不受疾病的侵襲。preventsb.fromdoingsth.阻止/防止某人做某事。7.(2021寧德一模,83)Centuriesago,mostpeoplemadetheirlivingthrough(farm).

【答案】farming句意:幾個(gè)世紀(jì)之前,大部分人通過(guò)農(nóng)耕謀生。through為介詞,后面的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式,故答案為farming。8.(2021泉州一模,88)Justimaginesuchananimal(stand)amongmanychickens.Thecranewillnaturallystandout.

【答案】standingimaginesb./sth.doingsth.想象某人(物)做某事。故填standing。9.(2020福州質(zhì)檢,86)TCMplaysabigpartin(treat)COVID-19patients.

【答案】treating句意:傳統(tǒng)中藥在治療新冠肺炎病人中起到重要的作用。設(shè)空處作介詞in的賓語(yǔ),應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞形式,故答案為treating。10.(2020莆田質(zhì)檢,87)Theyaremostlycausedbyactivitiessuchas(burn)oilandfarming.

【答案】burning句意:它們主要是由燒油和農(nóng)耕等活動(dòng)引起的。此處與farming并列,應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞,故答案為burning。53綜合練1.(2021江蘇揚(yáng)州,9改編)Inmanycountries,peopleputtheirfingersuptotheirmouthssilence.

A.askforB.askingforC.toaskfor【答案】C句意:在許多國(guó)家,人們把手指放到嘴邊來(lái)要求安靜。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。由句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知本空應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故答案為C。2.(2021云南,26改編)Theearthisingreatdangernow.Wehavetodosomethingit.

A.protectB.protectingC.toprotect【答案】C本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故選C。3.(2021湖南懷化,27)Thegovernmentaskspeopletherubbishfromtheirdailylifeindifferentgroups.

A.toput B.putting C.put【答案】A本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事。故答案為A。4.(2021海南,33)—Ihavelesshomeworkthanbefore!—Me,too.Now,wehaveenoughtimesports.

A.do B.doing C.todo【答案】C考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。haveenoughtimetodosth.有足夠的時(shí)間做某事。故選C。5.(2021吉林,28)Mr.Whiteinvitedmethehillwithhimlastweekend.

A.toclimb B.climb C.climbing【答案】A考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。invitesb.todosth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事。故選A。6.(2021云南昆明,31改編)Itisnecessarytolearntimeandmakegooduseofeveryminute.

A.tomanageB.managing C.manage【答案】A句意:有必要學(xué)會(huì)時(shí)間管理,充分利用每一分鐘。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。learntodosth.學(xué)會(huì)做某事。故選A。7.(2021江蘇南京,4改編)IwouldbeinterestedtoseethepandasintheWolongPandaReserve,becauseitallowspeopleclosertothem.

A.get B.toget C.getting【答案】B本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事,故本題選B。8.(2021內(nèi)蒙古包頭,24改編)theonlineshopping,mygrandmaboughtasmartphone.

A.Enjoyed B.Enjoying C.Toenjoy【答案】C句意:為了享受網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物,我奶奶買了一部智能手機(jī)。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。由句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知本空應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故答案為C。9.(2021四川成都,40)Itishardforpeopletomoveforwardwithastrongwindhard.

A.blown B.blowing C.toblow【答案】B本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！皐ith+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)在本句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ),設(shè)空處作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),wind與blow之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。blowing為現(xiàn)在分詞,表示主動(dòng)及伴隨狀態(tài),符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。10.(2021重慶,26改編)Thevillagersplananewbridgeovertheriver.

A.build B.building C.tobuild【答案】C本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。plantodosth.計(jì)劃做某事。故選C。11.(2020四川成都,32)—Whydomanyfarmersputtheirproductsonlinethesedays?—themmoreeasily.

A.Tosell B.Sell C.Selling【答案】A句意:——為什么現(xiàn)在很多農(nóng)民把他們的產(chǎn)品放到網(wǎng)上?——為了更容易地把它們賣出去。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處表示目的,故用動(dòng)詞不定式。12.(2020內(nèi)蒙古包頭,24改編)theprojectasplanned,theyneedtoworktwomorehoursaday.

A.TofinishB.Finishing C.Finish【答案】A句意:為了按照計(jì)劃完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目,他們需要每天多工作兩個(gè)小時(shí)。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式。由句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知本空應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故選A。13.(2020云南,30改編)It’snecessarymasks(口罩)inpublicplacesduringtheCOVID-19period.

A.forustowearB.foruswearing C.ofustowear【答案】A句意:對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō),在新冠肺炎疫情期間,在公共場(chǎng)所戴口罩是必要的。根據(jù)句式It’s+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.可知答案為A或C。又因necessary描述的是事物的特征,故選A。14.(2020吉林,34)Lisaplansanewpicturenextweek.

A.draw B.todrawC.drawing【答案】B句意:Lisa計(jì)劃下周畫一幅新畫。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式。pl