2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit5Whatanadventure教學(xué)知識(shí)細(xì)解碼教案外研版必修第三冊(cè)

PAGE10-Unit5Whatanadventure1．initialadj.起先的，最初的→initiallyadv.最初，首先；開頭→initiativen．首創(chuàng)精神；倡議2．confirmv．證明，證明→confirmationn．確認(rèn)；證明；證明3．crowdn．人群→crowdedadj.擁擠的；塞滿的4．a(chǎn)ttemptn．努力，嘗試vt.企圖，試圖；嘗試→attemptedadj.企圖的；未遂的5．failv．失敗→failuren．失敗6．psychologyn．心理學(xué)→psychologistn．心理學(xué)家1．upto達(dá)到(某數(shù)量、程度等)；直到；能勝任；正在干……，從事著(尤指壞事)①Icantakeuptofourpeopleinmycar. 多達(dá)②Idon'tfeeluptothetask. 勝任③Uptoyesterday，Ithoughthewassingle. 直到④It'suptoyoutodecidewhethertogoortostay. 由……確定2．figureout想出，理解；弄明白，看透；計(jì)算出①Ican'tfigureoutwhathewashintingat. 看透②Pleasefigureoutthetotalcost. 計(jì)算出③Couldyouhelpmefigureoutthisproblem? 解決④Ididn'tfigureouthowtodoit. 想出⑤Isimplycouldn'tfigureouthisintention. 弄明白WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)1)thusadv.因此，從而(教材P49)ChristopherColumbus(1451－1506)wasanItalianexplorerwhocompletedjourneysbetweenSpainandtheAmericas，thusmarkingthebeginningofEuropeanexplorationoftheAmericas.克里斯托弗·哥倫布(1451－1506)是一位意大利探險(xiǎn)家，他完成了西班牙和美洲之間的旅程，從而標(biāo)記著歐洲探究美洲的起先。[例1]Theuniversitieshaveexpanded，thusallowingmanymorepeoplethechanceofhighereducation.高校擴(kuò)招了，這樣就使更多人能有機(jī)會(huì)接受高等教化。[例2]Wedonotownthebuilding.Thus，itwouldbeimpossibleforustomakeanymajorchangestoit.我們不是這棟樓房的房主，因此不能對(duì)它進(jìn)行大改動(dòng)。[造句]老年人經(jīng)常想方設(shè)法省錢吃飯，結(jié)果損害了他們的健康。Oldpeopleoftentrytosavemoneytoeat，thusendangeringtheirhealth.[學(xué)問拓展]thereforeadv. 因此；所以soconj. 因此；所以asaresult 結(jié)果；因此[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Theyneverchangeandthus/thereforeIcantrustthem.②Helosthishealth，andthereforehisdifficultiesincreased.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)2)confirmv．證明，證明(教材P50)ThefirstpeopleconfirmedtohavereachedthetopwereEdmundHillaryandTenzingNorgayin1953.第一批被證明登上頂峰的人是1953年的埃德蒙·希拉里和丹增·諾蓋。[例1]Rumoursofjoblosseswerelaterconfirmed.裁員的傳言后來得到了證明。[例2]Hisguiltyexpressionconfirmedmydoubt.他內(nèi)疚的表情證明了我的猜疑。[造句]你能證明一下接下來發(fā)生了什么事嗎？Canyouconfirmwhathappenednext?[學(xué)問拓展]confirmationn． 證明，證明；確認(rèn)函confirmedadj. 成習(xí)慣的，根深蒂固的，堅(jiān)決的confirmtohavedonesth. 確認(rèn)已完成某事[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Iamconfirmed(confirm)inmyopinionsbywhatyoutoldme.②I'mstillwaitingforconfirmation(confirm)ofthetestresults.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)3)(be)similarto與……相像(教材P51)In2011，wordssimilartothoseofMallorywerespokenbyAmericanmountainclimberAlanArnette，whoclimbedQomolangmainthatyearandwasgoingtoclimbotherhighmountainsaroundtheworld.2011年，美國(guó)登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員艾倫·阿內(nèi)特(AlanArnette)說了類似于馬洛里的一些話。當(dāng)年，阿內(nèi)特登上了珠穆朗瑪峰，并準(zhǔn)備登上世界各地的其他高山。[例1]Myopinionsaresimilartohis.我的看法跟他的相像。[例2]Shehasadictionarysimilartomine.她有一本和我的類似的詞典。[造句]瑪麗的帽子和簡(jiǎn)的差不多。Mary'shatissimilartoJane's.[學(xué)問拓展]besimilarin 在……方面相像，和……差不多similarlyadv. 相像地；類似地similarityn. 相像；類似[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Thetwocarsareverysimilarinsizeanddesign.②Myteachingstyleissimilartothatofmostotherteachers.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)4)ofocus使……成為焦點(diǎn)(教材P51)Itbringsintofocuswhat'simportanttoyou.它會(huì)讓你關(guān)注對(duì)你來說重要的事情。[例1]Thiswillbroadenyourhorizonsandbringnewideasandopportunitiesintofocus.這會(huì)開闊你的視野，為你關(guān)注的事物帶來新的想法與機(jī)會(huì)。[例2]Wetouchedontoomanytopics，sothegroupleaderbroughtallofthemintofocusbysummarizing.我們談及了很多話題，因此組長(zhǎng)通過總結(jié)把全部探討的問題談清晰了。[造句]新經(jīng)理組織實(shí)力太強(qiáng)了，很快就把主要問題搞清晰并且解決好。Thenewmanagerwassowell-organizedthathebroughttheproblemsintofocusandsolvethemsoon.[學(xué)問拓展]focusn． 焦點(diǎn)；集中點(diǎn)；焦距；中心v.(使)集中；聚集focussth.on 集中某物于/把某物對(duì)準(zhǔn)……focusone'sattention/mind/energyon 集中留意力/心思/精力于[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Havingfocused(focus)hisattentiononurgentproblems，hehardlyhastimetoplaygameswithyou.②Withthedevelopmentofsociety，thefocusofpublicattentionhaschanged(change)，too.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)5)figureout弄明白(教材P51)Itforcesyoutolookdeepinsideyourselfandfigureoutifyoureallyhavethephysical，aswellasmental，toughnesstopushwhenyouwanttostop.它迫使你諦視自己的內(nèi)心深處，弄清晰自己是否真的有足夠的體力和腦力，當(dāng)你想停下來的時(shí)候去推動(dòng)它。[例1]Ican'tfigureoutwhatheistalkingabout.我真搞不懂他在講什么。[例2]Noonecouldfigureoutwherethegascamefrominhismagic.沒人能搞懂他魔術(shù)中的氣體來自哪里。[造句]小男孩好像弄明白了老師正在講解的題目。Thelittleboyseemstohavefiguredoutwhattheteacherisexplaining.[學(xué)問拓展]figuren． 數(shù)字；圖形；人物；身材；體形；人影 v．計(jì)算；想；估計(jì)；認(rèn)為keepone'sfigure 保持(美麗的)身材figureon 期盼，希望，依靠figurethat 認(rèn)為，認(rèn)定[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Therearemanystonefigures(figure)alongthetwosidesoftheroad.②Youcanfigureonhimshowing(show)upinthepartyontime.[小片段填空]Asanimportantfigureofthecompany，Suetriedtofigureouthowtoannouncethatthecompanyhadearnedlessthan6figuresthatyear.Andmostimportantlyshefiguredthatfewpeoplewaslikelytobelieveher.作為公司的重要人物，蘇設(shè)法想出如何公布公司去年收益不到六位數(shù)的消息。最重要的是，她認(rèn)為很少有人會(huì)信任她。eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)6)attemptvt.企圖，嘗試n.努力，嘗試(教材P51)WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure，istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisk-taking?大多數(shù)登珠峰的嘗試要么完全勝利，要么徹底失敗，那么在這種冒險(xiǎn)行為背后是否也有科學(xué)依據(jù)呢？[例1]Inanattempttoattractmorecustomers，theytookavarietyofmeasures.為了吸引更多顧客，他們實(shí)行了各種措施。[例2]Thetwofriendsmadeanunsuccessfulattemptatacompromise.這兩個(gè)摯友試圖和解但未勝利。[造句]為削減費(fèi)用，關(guān)閉了兩家工廠。Twofactorieswereclosedinanattempttocutcosts.[學(xué)問拓展]attemptatdoingsth./todosth. 嘗試或努力做某事makeanattemptatdoing/todosth. 嘗試或努力做某事atone's/thefirstattempt 第一次嘗試[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①There'snopointinattemptingtopresent(present)yourideatohim—he'llneverlisten.②Hemadeanattempttopass(pass)the2024CollegeEntranceExamination，buthedidn'tsucceedintheend.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)7)(教材P51)Hereferstothepersonalitiesofthesepeopleas“TypeT”，withthe“T”standingfor“thrill”．他把這些人的性格稱為T型，T代表“驚險(xiǎn)刺激”。(1)referto...as把……稱之為[例1]Ialwaysrefertohimasabookworm.我總是稱他為書呆子。[例2]Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferredtoas“whitecollarworkers”．那些在辦公室工作的人被稱為“白領(lǐng)工人”。[造句]她總是稱湯姆為“那個(gè)好人”。ShealwaysreferstoTomas“thatniceman”．[學(xué)問拓展]refertosb. 指的是某人；提及某人refertosth. 參考；查閱；提及[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Studentsareaskedtocompletetheexercisewithoutreferring(refer)toanymaterials.②Ifyoudon'tknowwhatthiswordmeans，refer(refer)tothedictionary.[小片段填空]Inhisspeech，hedidn'trefertothepollutionofthecompanyatall.Althoughhissecretarypreparedenoughrelatedinformationaboutitforhim，hedidn'trefertoany.Hewasreferredtoasanirresponsibleleaderbyhiscolleagues.在他的演講中，他一點(diǎn)兒也沒有提及公司的污染問題。盡管秘書為他準(zhǔn)備了這方面足夠多的材料，但是他一點(diǎn)也沒有參照。他被同事稱為一個(gè)不負(fù)責(zé)任的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。(2)standfor代表；主見[例1]It'swellknownthattheolivebranchstandsforpeace.眾所周知，橄欖枝代表和平。[例2]WeChinesestandforpeaceandwishtosettlealldisputesbypeacefulmeans.我們中國(guó)人民是主見和平的，希望用和平方式解決爭(zhēng)端。[造句]PRC代表中華人民共和國(guó)。PRCstandsforPeople'sRepublicofChina.[學(xué)問拓展]standby 站在旁邊；袖手旁觀；支持standout 顯著；突出standup 站立；站起來can'tstandsth./doingsth. 不能忍受(做)某事[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Howcanyoustandbyanddonothingwhensheneedshelp?②Ican'tstandseeing(see)childrensmokinganywhereatanytime.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式1)Itis＋過去分詞＋從句(教材P51)ItisstillnotknownifhesucceededinreachingthetopofQomolangmabeforeittookhislife.目前還不清晰他是否在丟掉性命之前勝利登上珠峰峰頂。句式分析：該句中it是形式主語，后面的if引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。而且此處的it不行用其他詞如this，that等來代替。在英語中，只有it可作形式主語。[例1]Itisnotknownifheisfitforthejob.還不清晰他是否適合這份工作。[例2]Itiswidelyknownthatsevenpeoplewerekilledintheaccident.人們都知道這場(chǎng)事故中有七人喪生。[造句]大家都知道中國(guó)姓放在名字前面。ItisknownthatfamilynamescomebeforethefirstnameinChina.[學(xué)問拓展](1)句型“It＋be＋過去分詞＋that”中常用的過去分詞有：said，reported，considered，believed，hoped，suggested，estimated，admitted等。(2)下列三種句型可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換It＋be＋過去分詞＋that→Peoplesay/think...＋that...→Sb./Sth.＋be＋過去分詞＋不定式[翻譯]①Itisgenerallyagreedthatheisoneofthemostfamouswritersinourcountry.(大家普遍認(rèn)為)②Itwasreportedthathehadwonthegameathisfirstinternationalcompetition.(據(jù)報(bào)道)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①It'softensaidthatweareliving(live)inanageofinformationexplosion.②Wearesaidtobeliving(live)inanageofinformationexplosion.eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式2)either...or...要么……要么……(教材P51)WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure，istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisk-taking?大多數(shù)登珠峰的嘗試要么完全勝利，要么徹底失敗，在這種冒險(xiǎn)行為背后是否也有科學(xué)依據(jù)呢？句式分析：本句中either...or...是連接詞，意為“或者……或者……；不是……就是……”。在這里連接兩個(gè)賓語。[例1]I'mgoingtomajoreithermathsorbiologyinuniversity，asbotharemyfavoritesubjects.在高校里我準(zhǔn)備要么學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)，要么學(xué)生物，因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)都是我最喜愛的科目。[例2]Youeithergoorstay.Don'tjustwanderheredoingnothing.你要么走，要么留。不要在這兒走來走去無所事事。[造句]我們要么選張偉做我們遠(yuǎn)足的隊(duì)長(zhǎng)，要么選劉迪。WewillelectZhangWeiorLiuDiasourcaptainofgoingouting.[學(xué)問拓展]either...or...主要用于表示選擇，其意為“要么……要么……”“或者……或者……”，用于連接兩特性質(zhì)相同的詞或短語；連接兩個(gè)成分作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常與其靠近的主語保持一樣。除可連接兩個(gè)詞或短語外，有時(shí)也可連接兩個(gè)句子。其否定式可以是noteither...or...，也可以是neither...nor...。[翻譯]①Heneitherknowsnorcareswhathappened.(既不知道也不關(guān)切)②NeithertheteachernorthestudentsaregoingtoHuangshan.(老師和學(xué)生都不)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①EitheryouorIam(be)wrong.Itisimpossiblethatwearebothright.②Onewillgetill，eitherbecausehedoesn'ttakeenoughexercise，orbecausehedoesn'thaveahealthydiet.1．(教材P50)Forthesepeople，climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother，makingsomefeelweakandothers，powerful.[分析]此句是一個(gè)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)潔句。ClimbingQomolangma是動(dòng)名詞短語作句子的主語。likenoother是介詞短語意思是“別出心裁”。makingsomefeelweakandothers，powerful是動(dòng)名詞短語作定語修飾表語anexperience，結(jié)構(gòu)為：makesb.dosth.，and后面為省略結(jié)構(gòu)，原句應(yīng)當(dāng)為makingothersfeelpowerful。[譯文]對(duì)于這些人來說，登珠峰是一種別出心裁的體驗(yàn)，能讓一些人感到虛弱，讓另一些人感到強(qiáng)大。2．(教材P51)PsychologistFrankFarleyhasspentyearsstudyingpeoplewhojumpoutofplanesanddrivefastcars，aswellasthosewhoclimbQomolangma.[分析]此句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。其中spendtimedoingsth.后面的賓語people后面有兩個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語從句；aswellas連接兩個(gè)定語從句。[譯文]心理學(xué)家弗蘭克·法利用多年的時(shí)間探討那些高空跳傘以及開快車的人，以及那些登珠峰的人。教材高考1.WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure，istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisk-taking？(2024·江蘇卷)Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelpshapeyouryearahead.2.Hereferstothepersonalitiesofthesepeopleas“TypeT”，withthe“T”standingfor“thrill”．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)WangShu，a49-year-oldChinesearchitect，wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thegirlwonthegameatherfirst(one)attemptinthenationalcompetition.2．IcouldhearthemtalkingbutIcouldn'tfigureoutwhattheyweresaying.3．IlikeEnglishandthusIchoseEnglishasmymajorinthecollege.4．I'mgoingtobuyeitheracameraoraCDplayerwiththemoney.5．Wouldyouliketoknowwhatthestarsonthenationalflagstandfor?6．Thosereferred(refer)toasheroesarethecommonpeoplearoundus.7．Theresultoftheexamconfirmed(confirm)ourjudgementbefore.8．Wecanonlyattractsomeonesimilartoourselves(us)incharacterandpersonality.9．Theexplosionbroughttheschoolbussafetyintofocusoftheschool'sdailywork.10．Itisgenerallybelievedthatweshouldmakeitclearifwehavethepotentialtodobetterwhatwearedoing.Ⅱ.短語填空openup；ofocus；resultin；beconnectedto；referto...as；standfor；figureout；focuson；takerisk；benefitfrom1．Ourflagstandsforourcountry.2．Peoplewholiketakingrisksareadventurousanddaringtodoalmosteverything.3．ThelatestnewsbringsSunYangintofocusbuthemakesnocomment.4．Youreallyhavetofigureoutwhatyouaregoodatandtrytoachieveit.5．Manycountrieshavebenefitedfromthe