山東中考英語(yǔ)2022-2024年真題匯編-教師版-專題04 閱讀理解之說(shuō)明文

三年（2022-2024）中考英語(yǔ)真題分項(xiàng)匯編（山東專用）專題04閱讀理解之說(shuō)明文(2024中考真題）01（2024·山東威海·中考真題）Piisaspecialnumberthatgoesonforever.ThesymbolforthisspecialnumberisaGreekletter“π”.Tokeepthemathsimple,wesayπis3.14.Piisusedtofindthesizeofcircles.Piisalwaysthesamenomatterhowsmallorbigthecircleis.Becauseitissospecial,someonethoughtofcelebratingit.Sincepiis3.14,aphysicistnamedLarryShawdecidedMarch14thwouldbetheperfectday.Soonthisdayin1988,heinvitedhisfriendstowalkaroundinacircleandeatpies.Later,moremathandscienceloverscelebratedPiDayonMarch14theachyear.OnNovember26th,2019,PiDaywasrecognized(正式認(rèn)定)astheInternationalDayofMathematics.PiDayiscelebratedindifferentways.Therearegamesinwhichpeopletrytomemorizeasmanydecimalplaces(小數(shù)點(diǎn)后位數(shù))astheycan.Therearepie-eatingcontests.Then,at3:14p.m.,therearespecialevents.Forexample,peoplegetfreepiesatsomeparties.Today,Piisnotjustanumber.1．Whatispiinthispassage?A．Acircle. B．Apie. C．Anumber.2．Whatispiusedfor?A．Keepingthecirclessmall.B．Findingthesizeofcircles. C．Helpingmemorizethenumber.3．WhenwasPifirstcelebrated?A．OnMarch14th,1988. B．OnMarch14th,2019. C．OnNovember26th,2019.4．What’sthemainideaofParagraph3?A．Howpeoplememorizepi.B．Howpeoplegetfreepies. C．HowpeoplecelebratePiDay.5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Aspecialfestival. B．Amathsymbol. C．PiandPiDay.【答案】1．C2．B3．A4．C5．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了圓周率和圓周率日。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Piisaspecialnumber”可知pi是一個(gè)特別的數(shù)字。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“wesayπis3.14.Piisusedtofindthesizeofcircles”可知pi被用來(lái)計(jì)算圓的大小。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“aphysicistnamedLarryShawdecidedMarch14thwouldbetheperfectday.Soonthisdayin1988,heinvitedhisfriendstowalkaroundinacircleandeatpies”可知在1988年3月14日第一次慶祝圓周率。故選A。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“PiDayiscelebratedindifferentways”可知本段主要介紹了圓周率日的慶?；顒?dòng)。故選C。5．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了圓周率和圓周率日。故選C。02（2024·山東威?！ぶ锌颊骖}）AncientChinaamazedtheworldwithitswisdom.Someofitsinventionscontinuetoinfluenceustoday.FourChineseirrigationsites(灌溉點(diǎn))wereaddedtothe2018listofWorldHeritageIrrigationStructures(世界灌溉工程遺產(chǎn)).Let’stakealookattheseamazingsites.DujiangyanDujiangyanisawonderintheworldhistoryofirrigationstructures.Morethan2,000yearsago,ChengduwasindangerbecauseoffloodfromtheMinjiangRiver.LiBing,alocalofficial,designedtheDujiangyanirrigationsystem,whichcouldcontrolthewaterrunfromthemountainstotheChengduPlainallyearround.ChangquCanalChangquCanal,alsoknownasBaiqiCanal,isinthecityofXiangyanginHubeiprovince.Itis48kmlongintotalanditwasfirstusedtotransportsoldiers.Itwaslaterusedforirrigation—infact,itisstillusedtoprovidewatertomorethan30,000mu(20squarekm)offarmland.LingquCanalLocatedinXing’ancounty,GuangxiProvince,LingquCanalwasbuilt2,000yearsago.Itistheoldestcanalintheworld.Itwasbuilttotransportthingsforthearmy.“Itmagicallylowersthepressureoftransportationalongthenorthandsouthwaterways,”accordingtotheTravelChinaGuide.ItalsoturnedXing’anintoanagriculturally(農(nóng)業(yè))developedarea.Jiang-XiDamTheJiang-XiDaminZhejiangprovinceinfactincludestwodams—theJiangandXidams.Builtinthe14thcentury,itimprovedlifeforlocalpeopleforcenturies.Itnotonlyplaysanimportantroleinirrigation,butalsoisgoodforenvironmentalprotection.6．Whichwasbuilttofightagainstwater?A．Dujiangyan. B．ChangquCanal. C．LingquCanal.7．WhichistrueaboutChangquCanal?A．ItisalsocalledBaiqiCanal.B．Itisstillimportantforthearmy. C．Itwasfirstbuiltforthefarmland.8．WhatcanweknowaboutLingquCanal?A．Whyandhowitwasbuilt.B．Whenandwhyitwasbuilt. C．Whenandhowitwasbuilt.9．Whichofthefollowingistheyoungestirrigationsystem?A．Dujiangyan. B．LingquCanal. C．Jiang-XiDam.10．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Togiveadviceoncontrollingthewater.B．ToshowancientChinesewisdomtotheworld.C．TointroducethelongandrichChinesehistory.【答案】6．A7．A8．B9．C10．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了四個(gè)古代中國(guó)的灌溉工程。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LiBing,alocalofficial,designedtheDujiangyanirrigationsystem,whichcouldcontrolthewaterrunfromthemountainstotheChengduPlainallyearround.”可知，都江堰灌溉系統(tǒng)可以全年控制從山區(qū)流向成都平原的水。故選A。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ChangquCanal,alsoknownasBaiqiCanal,isinthecityofXiangyanginHubeiprovince.”可知，長(zhǎng)渠，又稱白旗渠，位于湖北省襄陽(yáng)。故選A。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LocatedinXing’ancounty,GuangxiProvince,LingquCanalwasbuilt2,000yearsago.Itistheoldestcanalintheworld.Itwasbulittotransportthingsforthearmy.”可知，講述了靈渠建立的時(shí)間以及原因，故選B。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Builtinthe14thcentury”可知，江溪大壩是四個(gè)灌溉系統(tǒng)中最年輕的，故選C。10．推理判斷題。文章介紹了四個(gè)古代中國(guó)的灌溉工程，展示了古代中國(guó)的智慧，故選B。03（2024·山東威?！ぶ锌颊骖}）①Almosteverybodyhashadpimples(青春痘).Itisanormalpartofgrowingup.Whenkidsreachteens,theirbodiesexperiencemanychanges.Duringthisperiod,mostteenagersoftendeveloppimples.Also,manypeoplecontinuetohavepimplesafterteens.Whatcanateenageroranadultdotodealwithpimples?Unluckily,manywaysarereallyjustmyths.②Manypeoplebelievethatpopping(擠)pimplesisthebestway.Poppingapimplewillcausemorerednessandpain,orevenprobablyturnintoanillness.Forthatreason,doctorsnormallyencouragepeoplenottopoptheirpimples.③Also,doyouthinkthatwashingyourfaceoftenwillbehelpful?Ofcourse,itisagoodidea,butwashingyourfacetoomuchcouldmaketheskinpainful,makingthepimplesevenworse.④Anotherwidelybelievedmythisthatnotwearingmake-up(化妝)canhelplowerthechanceofdevelopingpimples.Infact,somekindsofmake-upactuallyhavespecialmedicineinthemtofightpimples.Asaresult,notallofthemarebadforyou.⑤Alongwithmake-up,peoplebelievethateatingfattyfoodsorchocolatecancausepimples.Thetruthisthateatingacandyorapieceofpizzawillnotcausepimples.Evenso,bothteenagersandadultsshouldstilltrytoeatfoodsthataregoodfortheirbodiesandtheirskin.⑥Anothermythisthatstresscancausepimples.Stresscomesinmanyforms,likeabigexamatschoolorproblemswithfriends.Whileitistruethatstresscancauseaperson’sskintocreateextraoil,thisextraoildoesnotnecessarilycausemorepimples.11．What’sthedoctors’adviceonpoppingpimples?A．Peopleshoulddoit. B．You’dbetternotdoit. C．It’sthebestwaytodoit.12．AccordingtoParagraphs3—6,whatmightcausepimples?A．Washingface. B．Eatingacandy. C．Extraoilcreatedontheskin.13．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“myths”?A．Properways. B．Wrongthoughts. C．Normalproblems.14．Whocangethelpmostfromthepassage?A．Peoplewhohavetroublewithpimples.B．Adultswhohaveunhealthyeatinghabits.C．Studentswhohavemuchstressonexams.15．What’sthestructureofthispassage?A． B． C．【答案】11．B12．C13．B14．A15．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了青春痘的一些相關(guān)事實(shí)。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Forthatreason,doctorsnormallyencouragepeoplenottopoptheirpimples.”可知，醫(yī)生通常建議人們不要擠青春痘，故選B。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Anothermythisthatstresscancausepimples.”和“Whileitistruethatstresscancauseaperson’sskintocreateextraoil,thisextraoildoesnotnecessarilycausemorepimples.”可知，壓力會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮膚產(chǎn)生額外的油脂，而這些油脂可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致青春痘，故選C。13．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Unluckily,manywaysarereallyjustmyths.”和“Also,manypeoplecontinuetohavepimplesafterteens.Whatcanateenageroranadultdotodealwithpimples?”可知，第一段講述了人們對(duì)青春痘的普遍看法和做法，結(jié)合“Unluckily,”，因此上文提到的看法和做法可能是錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)，“myths”意為“Wrongthoughts.”，故選B。14．推理判斷題。文章主要討論了青春痘的成因和誤區(qū)，因此對(duì)有青春痘困擾的人幫助最大，故選A。15．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，第一段提出關(guān)于青春痘的問(wèn)題；第二段至第六段分別解釋不同的誤區(qū)，故選B。04（2024·山東泰安·中考真題）TheClassicalGardensofSuzhou,whicharealsocalledSuzhouGardens,areagroupofbeautifulgardensinthecityofSuzhouinJiangsuProvinceofChina.ThefirstclassicalgardenwascreatedduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriodinthe6thcenturyBC．Moregardenswerebuiltinthefollowingcenturiesandmostofthemwereprivategardensofscholars(學(xué)者)andofficialsofthattime.DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,theconstruction(建設(shè))ofthegardenscametoitsprimetimebecauseoftheprosperity(繁榮)ofSuzhouinthatperiod.Itissaidthatthereweremorethan200gardensalloverthecityandSuzhouwasfamousasthe“paradiseonearth”andthe“CityofGardens”.Nowadays,19ofthe69well-protectedgardensareopentothepublicastouristattractions.Amongthem,somefamousgardensareregardedastypicalexamplesofSuzhouGardens,suchasHumbleAdministrator’sGarden,LingeringGarden,MasteroftheNetsGardenandsoon.SuzhouGardensinmanywaysexplaintheideasbehindclassicChinesegardendesign(設(shè)計(jì)).Theirownerswerenotjustinterestedinhavingapleasingarrangement(安排)ofplantsandflowers:theyusedhistory,philosophy,artandarchitecture(建筑學(xué))intheirdesigns.Eachelement(要素)ofaclassicalChinesegarden—eachhill,pond,plantandrock—isfilledwithmeaning.Althougheveryelementwascarefullydesigned,theendgoalwasalwaystohaveagardenwhichlookedlikeitwascreatedbynature,withoutthehelpofhumanhands.SuzhouGardensrepresentthedevelopmentandmaturity(成熟)ofChinesegardendesignofmorethantwothousandyears.Theyarenational5AtouristattractionsinChinaandtwogroupsofthemwereaddedtoUNESCOWorldCulturalHeritageList(世界文化遺產(chǎn)名錄)in1997and2000.16．WhenwasthefirstclassicalSuzhougardenbuilt?A．DuringtheMingDynasty. B．DuringtheQingDynasty.C．Inthe5thcenturyBC． D．DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.17．Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytellus?A．ThehistoryofSuzhouGardens.B．TheideasbehindthedesignofSuzhouGardens.C．ThetypicalexamplesofSuzhouGardens.D．ThegreatachievementsofSuzhouGardens.18．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“represent”meaninthelastparagraph?A．代表 B．報(bào)道 C．預(yù)言 D．講述19．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Halfofthewell-protectedgardensareopentothepublic.B．EachelementofaclassicalChinesegardenhasitsmeaning.C．SuzhouGardenswerebuiltwithoutthehelpofhumanhands.D．Allthegardenswerebuiltforscholarsandofficialsinthepast.【答案】16．D17．B18．A19．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了蘇州古典園林的歷史、設(shè)計(jì)理念及其在中國(guó)園林設(shè)計(jì)中的重要地位。文章還提到了一些著名的蘇州園林及其作為旅游景點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)狀。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThefirstclassicalgardenwascreatedduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriodinthe6thcenturyBC.”可知，第一個(gè)蘇州古典園林建于春秋時(shí)期。故選D。17．段落大意題。根據(jù)“SuzhouGardensinmanywaysexplaintheideasbehindclassicChinesegardendesign(設(shè)計(jì)).”可知，第三段主要講述了蘇州園林設(shè)計(jì)背后的理念，故選B。18．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“SuzhouGardens”和“thedevelopmentandmaturity(成熟)ofChinesegardendesignofmorethantwothousandyears.”可知，蘇州園林代表了兩千多年來(lái)中國(guó)園林設(shè)計(jì)的發(fā)展和成熟，所以represent意為“代表”。故選A。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Eachelement(要素)ofaclassicalChinesegarden—eachhill,pond,plantandrock—isfilledwithmeaning.”可知，中國(guó)古典園林的每一個(gè)元素都有它的意義。故選B。05（2024·山東泰安·中考真題）ThreewaystogetinvolvedwithEarthDayEarthDayisonApril22ndeveryyear.Itaimstoraiseawareness(意識(shí))abouthowtolookaftertheworldandencouragespeopletomakesmallchangestohelpprotecttheenvironment.HerearethreewaystogetinvolvedwithEarthDay.GoonasoundhuntGetclosetonaturebygoingoutonasoundhunt(尋找).Headoutsideandlistentothenoisesallaroundyou.Youmighthearthebirdssinging,windinthetreesortherainpattering(發(fā)出嗒嗒聲)ontheground.Makearecordofwhatyoucanhear,whereyouhearditandwhen.MakeanEarthDayposterCelebrateEarthDaybycreatingapostertoshowatschoolorathome.Thethemeofthisyear’sEarthDayisPlanetvs.Plastics.Haveathinkabouthowyoumightvisualize(使……可見)thisonaposter.Perhapsyou’dliketodosomeresearch,includingsomefactsaboutplasticproduction.Haveaplastic-freedayWhynotgoplastic-freeforaday?Youcandothisbynotbuying,orusinganysingle-useplasticonEarthDay.Single-useplasticisplasticthatisonlyusedoncebeforebeingthrownaway.Manyfoodanddrinkitemsarepackaged(包裝)insingle-useplastic.Althoughitmaybeachallenge,itispossibleandmighthelpyouformnewplanet-friendlyhabits.20．Amyisacreativegirlandsheisverygoodatdrawing.WhatdoessheprobablydotocelebrateEarthDay?A．Goonasoundhunt. B．MakeanEarthDayposter.C．Haveaplastic-freeday. D．Spendenjoyabletimewithherfamily.21．Togoplastic-freeforaday,you’dbetter________.A．goshoppingwithplasticbagsB．buysnacksthatarepackagedinsingle-useplasticC．notbuyoruseanysingle-useplasticD．throwawayalltheplasticbagsinyourhouse22．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．EarthDayisonApril22ndeveryyear.B．Youcangetclosetonaturebygoingonasoundhunt.C．Thethemeofthisyear’sEarthDayisEarthforAll.D．ThreewaystogetinvolvedwithEarthDayarementioned.【答案】20．B21．C22．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了參與地球日的三種方式。20．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“MakeanEarthDayposter”以及“Haveathinkabouthowyoumightvisualize(使……可見)thisonaposter.”可知如果她擅長(zhǎng)畫畫，可以制作地球日海報(bào)。故選B。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whynotgoplastic-freeforaday?Youcandothisbynotbuying,orusinganysingle-useplasticonEarthDay”可知，可以通過(guò)在地球日不購(gòu)買或使用任何一次性塑料。故選C。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thethemeofthisyear’sEarthDayisPlanetvs.Plastics”可知今年地球日的主題是“地球與塑料”。C選項(xiàng)“今年地球日的主題是‘人人共享地球’”表述錯(cuò)誤。故選C。06（2024·山東泰安·中考真題）Whenyoulookupatthenightsky,whatdoyousee?80%ofpeoplearoundtheworldseenothingbutskyglow(天光，人為白晝現(xiàn)象).Thisman-madebrighteningoftheskymasksthestars.Thenightskyhasplayedanimportantroleinhumanlifeforthousandsofyears.Ancientpeoplesnamedtheconstellations(星座).Aroundthesametime,Polynesiansailorsusedthesunandstarstosailontheseainthecorrectdirection.Later,theMayacivilization(文明)usedthepositionofthestarstopredictthechangingoftheseasons.Buttoday,fewpeopleareabletoseeskyfullofstars.Sowhathappened?Lightpollutionisthereason.Whenman-madelightentersintothenightsky,ithidesthestars.Thisexcess(過(guò)多的)lightcomesfromstreetlights,officebuildings,stores,flashingbillboards,etc.Ofcourse,peopleinmodernsocietiesneedtolightthenight.Nighttimedriving,walking,working,exercising,andmoreareallsaferwithman-madeoutdoorlighting.However,toomuchlightatnightcanbeharmful.Itmasksthestarsanddisturbsournaturalsleeppatterns,causinggreaterriskofcancerandheartdisease.Lightpollutioncanbegreatlyreduced(減少)withafewsimpleactions.Thefirstistostopwastinglight.Outdoorlightscanbecoveredsothatthelightshinesdowntothegroundonlywhereit’sneeded.Peoplecanbemorecarefulaboutusinglightsonlywhenandwheretheyarenecessary.Besides,peoplecanchooselightbulbs(燈泡)withthesmallesteffectiveamountofbrightness.Mostbrightwhitelights,includingLEDs,giveoffalargeamountofshorter-wavelength(波長(zhǎng)較短的)bluelight,whichbrightenstheskymorethananyothercoloroflight.Choosinglightbulbswithlonger-wavelengthlightinyellowororangecanhelppreventharmfullightpollution.23．Bystudyingthenightskyfullofstars,ancientpeoplesdidalotexcept________.A．namingtheconstellations B．sailingontheseainthecorrectdirectionC．predictingthechangingoftheseasons D．lettingman-madelightenterintothenightsky24．Todaymostpeoplecan’tseethenightskyfullofstarsbecauseof________.A．theexcesslightcausedbyhumans B．thereductionofstarsC．thechangesinthepositionofstars D．theinfluenceofweather25．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A．Howtosaveelectricityinourdailylives.B．Howtochooselightbulbscorrectly.C．Twowaysofreducinglightpollution.D．Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofman-madelight.26．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Toomuchlightatnightcandoharmtopeople’shealth.B．Man-madelighthidesthestarswhenitentersintothenightsky.C．Inancienttimes,thenightskyplayedanimportantroleinhumanlife.D．Choosingshorter-wavelengthbluelightcanhelppreventharmfullightpollution.【答案】23．D24．A25．C26．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了光污染對(duì)夜空的影響，特別是如何減少光污染以便更好地看到星空。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thenightskyhasplayedanimportantroleinhumanlifeforthousandsofyears.Ancientpeoplesnamedtheconstellations(星座).Aroundthesametime,Polynesiansailorsusedthesunandstarstosailontheseainthecorrectdirection.Later,theMayacivilization(文明)usedthepositionofthestarstopredictthechangingoftheseasons.”可知，古人命名了星座、利用太陽(yáng)和星星的指引在海上航行、預(yù)測(cè)季節(jié)變化，但沒(méi)有提到讓人造光進(jìn)入夜空。故選D。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ Buttoday,fewpeopleareabletoseeskyfullofstars.Sowhathappened?...Lightpollutionisthereason.Whenman-madelightentersintothenightsky,ithidesthestars.Thisexcess(過(guò)多的)lightcomesfromstreetlights,officebuildings,stores,flashingbillboards,etc.”可知，光污染是主要原因，而光污染是由人類活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的過(guò)多光線造成的。故選A。25．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Lightpollutioncanbegreatlyreduced(減少)withafewsimpleactions.Thefirstistostopwastinglight...Besides,peoplecanchooselightbulbs(燈泡)withthesmallesteffectiveamountofbrightness.”可知，最后一段主要講了減少光污染的兩種方法：減少浪費(fèi)光線和選擇合適的燈泡。故選C。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Choosinglightbulbswithlonger-wavelengthlightinyellowororangecanhelppreventharmfullightpollution.”可知，文章建議選擇長(zhǎng)波長(zhǎng)的黃光或橙光來(lái)減少光污染，D選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符。故選D。07（2024·山東青島·中考真題）AtM.E.SchoolinTucson,Arizona,raisingfishatschoolwasonesmallanswertoabigproblem:manypeopleintheneighborhooddidn’thaveenoughfood.Thestudentscouldeatbreakfastandlunchatschool,buttheirfamiliesdidn’talwayshaveenoughmoneyfordinner.Buyingfreshfoods,suchasvegetablesandmeat,wasdifficult.Theteachershadanidea:couldthestudentsraisefoodatschoolfortheneighborhood?Itwouldn’tbeeasy.Thereisn’tenoughwaterinTucsonbecauseitisinadesert.Soil(土壤)doesn’talwayshavethenutrients(營(yíng)養(yǎng))thatplantsneedtogrow,sothestudentswouldneednaturalhelpers.Tosolvetheproblem,theschoolsetupasysteminwhichfishpoopmakesplantsgrowbetterandtheplants’roots(根)cleanthewaterinthefishtank.Studentsdoresearchonthefish.“Ididataskintheprojectonhowmuchtilapiaeat.”saysEmmanuel.“Wewantedtoseeiftheypreferredtoeatinwarmorcoldwater.Theylikedwarmwaterbetter.”Fisharen’ttheonlyanimalsthathelpstudentsfeedtheirneighbors.Chickenslayeggs.Beesalsocometohelpturnflowersintovegetables.Whenthestudentshaveraisedenoughfood,it’stimeforMarketDay.Vegetablesaregiventopeopleintheneighborhoodforfree.Studentsselleggsandtilapiatoraisemoneyforseeds(種子),fishfoodandchickenfood.“Peopledon’thavealotofmoney,soit’sanicedreamwehavetogivethemfood.It’salsoachancetobehealthyandeatbetter.”saysEmmanuel.“Wecanplantgoodfoodandhavefunwhilewe’redoingsomethingimportant,”saysBlanks.“I’msohappytobeatthisschool.”27．WhydidtheteachersatM.E.Schooldecidetoraisefoodfortheneighborhood?①Thefamiliesintheneighborhoodwerepoor.②Peopletherewantedamarketforfreshfoods.③Studentswantedtolearnbowtogrowvegetables.④Thenaturalconditionisn’tproperforgrowingplants.A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③28．Whichpicturecandescribetheprojectaccordingtothepassage?A． B． C． D．29．Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribetheprojectintheschool?A．Traditional.B．Creative.C．Professional.D．Private.30．Whatcanweinfer(推斷)fromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Theprojecthasbeenwidelyspread.B．Eggsandtilapiaaresoldatagoodprice.C．Theprojectbringsthestudentsafeelingofpride.D．Studentshaveraisedenoughmoneytobuyvegetables.31．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AStoryofHelpingthePoor.B．AnExperienceintheDesert.C．AProjectfromSeedstoSales.D．ADreamofGivingVegetables.【答案】27．C28．B29．B30．C31．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了位于亞利桑那州圖森市的M.E.學(xué)校如何通過(guò)一個(gè)創(chuàng)新的項(xiàng)目幫助當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)解決食物不足的問(wèn)題。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thestudentscouldeatbreakfastandlunchatschool,buttheirfamiliesdidn’talwayshaveenoughmoneyfordinner”和“Soil(土壤)doesn’talwayshavethenutrients(營(yíng)養(yǎng))thatplantsneedtogrow”可知，M.E.School決定為鄰里社區(qū)種植食物是因?yàn)楦浇娜思叶己芨F以及這里的自然條件不適宜種植植物。故選C。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tosolvetheproblem,theschoolsetupasysteminwhichfishpoopmakesplantsgrowbetterandtheplants’roots(根)cleanthewaterinthefishtank.”可知，為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，學(xué)校建立了一個(gè)系統(tǒng)，在這個(gè)系統(tǒng)中，魚糞使植物生長(zhǎng)得更好，植物的根清潔魚缸里的水。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，B中的圖片最符合。故選B。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Tosolvetheproblem,theschoolsetupasysteminwhichfishpoopmakesplantsgrowbetterandtheplants’roots(根)cleanthewaterinthefishtank.”結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目展示了學(xué)校采用創(chuàng)新的方法解決問(wèn)題，因此最適合描述這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的詞是creative“創(chuàng)新的”。故選B。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Peopledon’thavealotofmoney,soit’sanicedreamwehavetogivethemfood.It’salsoachancetobehealthyandeatbetter”（人們沒(méi)有很多錢，所以這是一個(gè)美好的夢(mèng)想，我們必須給他們食物。這也是一個(gè)保持健康和變得更好的機(jī)會(huì)。）結(jié)合文章最后兩段內(nèi)容可推斷，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目給學(xué)生們帶來(lái)了自豪感，因?yàn)樗麄兡転猷徖锷鐓^(qū)做出貢獻(xiàn)，同時(shí)也通過(guò)銷售雞蛋和羅非魚籌集了種子和食物的費(fèi)用。故選C。31．標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)“Peopledon’thavealotofmoney,soit’sanicedreamwehavetogivethemfood.”（人們沒(méi)有很多錢，所以這是一個(gè)美好的夢(mèng)想，我們必須給他們食物。）結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章主要講述了位于亞利桑那州圖森市的M.E.學(xué)校如何通過(guò)一個(gè)創(chuàng)新的項(xiàng)目幫助當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)解決食物不足的問(wèn)題，因而最適合的標(biāo)題是“ADreamofGivingVegetables.”。故選D。08（2024·山東濟(jì)寧·中考真題）32．Whatshouldyoudoifyoufindababybirdhurt?A．Justleaveitthere. B．Calltheanimalcenter.C．Putitbacktoitsnest. D．Feeditwithhealthyfood.33．Whyshouldyoudonothingaboutanunhurtbabybirdwithfeathers?A．Becauseyoumighthurtit. B．Becauseitislearningtofly.C．Becauseitisafraidofpeople D．Becauseitsmotherwillfinditsoon.34．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutmotherbirds?A．Theydon’tcareabouttheirbabies.B．Theypushtheirbabiesoutoftheirnest.C．Theydon’tmindthesmellofpeopleontheirbabies.D．Theywillgiveuptheirbabiesifthere’ssmellofpeopleonthem.35．Wheredoyoumostprobablyfindthispassage?A．Inanewspaper. B．Inanengineer’sdiary.C．Inatouristguidebook. D．Inastudent’snotebook.【答案】32．B33．B34．C35．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了在發(fā)現(xiàn)受傷或未受傷的小鳥時(shí)應(yīng)該采取的正確措施，以及一些關(guān)于母鳥行為的常識(shí)。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“IfthebirdisHURT:Calltheanimalcenter(0-123-4567)”可知，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)鳥受傷了，應(yīng)該打電話給動(dòng)物中心。故選B。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“IfithasFEATHERS:Justleaveitthere!(It’slearninghowtofly!)”可知，對(duì)于一只沒(méi)有受傷且有羽毛的小鳥，什么都不做的原因是它正在學(xué)習(xí)飛行，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)階段的小鳥需要練習(xí)飛行技能，而不是人為干預(yù)。故選B。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Peoplebelievebirdswillgiveuptheirbabiesiftheyhavethesmellofpeopleonthem；WRONG!Birdsdon’tcare”可知，母鳥不在乎鳥寶寶身上有人類的氣味，母鳥不會(huì)因?yàn)樾▲B身上有人的氣味而放棄它們。故選C。35．推理判斷題。從右上角的課程和上課日期，結(jié)合筆記本樣式，可以推斷是學(xué)生筆記本。故選D。09（2024·山東日照·中考真題）Whenyoutakethesubway,youmightnoticemanypeople,oldandyoung,listeningtoaudiobooksinsteadofreadingpaperbooks.Audiobookshavebecomequitepopularthesedays.Whyaremoreandmorepeoplechoosingaudiobooksovertraditionalbooks?Islisteningtoanaudiobookjustasgoodasreadingapaperbook?Youneedtofindtimeavailableandaquietplacetositdownandread.However,youcanlistentoaudiobooksanytimeandanywhereyoulike,anditgivesyoureyesabreak,too.Butthebigquestionis,dowegetasmuchknowledgefromaudiobooksaswedofrompaperbooks?Researchersdidanexperimenttofindtheanswer.VolunteersinGroupOnewereaskedtolistentoanaudiobookwhilevolunteersinGroupTworeadabookofthesamecontent(內(nèi)容).Itturnedoutthattheyrecalledasmuchinformation,whethertheylistenedtoorreadit.AnotherstudyfromTheJournalofNeurosciencefurthersupportedtheresultabove.Inthestudy,researchersscanned(掃描)people’sbrainswhentheylistenedtoandreadbooks.Theresultshowedthatlisteningtoaudiobooksactivated(激活)almostthesamepartsofthebrainasreadingdid.However,somepeoplestillbelievethattheylearnbetterfromreadingpaperbooks.Onereasonmightbethatwhenwelistentoaudiobooks,weareoftendoingsomeothertasksatthesametime.“Ifyou’retryingtolearnwhiledoingtwothings,you’renotgoingtolearnaswell,”DanielWillingham,aresearcherattheUniversityofVirginia,toldTheNewYorkTimes.36．Whyaremoreandmorepeoplechoosingaudiobooksoverpaperbooks?A．Theyareeasiertotake.B．Theyofferchoicesincontent.C．Theyimprovepeople’seyesight.D．Theyfreepeopleintimeandplace.37．Whatdidresearchersfindinthestudy?A．Peoplerecalledmoreinformationfromreadingpaperbooks.B．Listeningactivateddifferentpartsofthebrainfromreading.C．Peoplecanreadandlistentothesamecontentatthesametime.D．Listeningmakesnodifferenceinrecallinginformationfromreading.38．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Peopleneedtostayfocusedwhilereading.B．Peopleoftendoothertaskswhilelistening.C．Peopleactuallylearnbetterfromaudiobooks.D．Peoplehavetoactivatethebraintolearnbetter.39．Howisthetextorganized?(①=Paragraph1,②=Paragraph2,…)A． B．C． D．【答案】36．D37．D38．A39．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了有聲書和紙質(zhì)書兩種閱讀方式的對(duì)比。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“youcanlistentoaudiobooksanytimeandanywhereyoulike,anditgivesyoureyesabreak”可知有聲圖書在時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)上解放了人們。故選D。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itturnedoutthattheyrecalledasmuchinformation,whethertheylistenedtoorreadit”可知無(wú)論他們是聽信息還是讀信息，都能回憶起同樣多的內(nèi)容。故選D。38．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Youneedtofindtimeavailableandaquietplacetositdownandread.”可以推斷出，人們?cè)陂喿x時(shí)需要保持專注。而選項(xiàng)B是可以直接從原文“whenwelistentoaudiobooks,weareoftendoingsomeothertasksatthesametime.”中得出答案，而不是推斷出。故選A。39．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)，第一段引出有聲書的流行，第二段討論有聲書和紙質(zhì)書的比較，第三四段說(shuō)明研究結(jié)果，第五段總結(jié)，故選B。10（2024·山東日照·中考真題）BestTheatresinLondonSondheimTheatreSetupin1970,ithasbeenoneofthemostpopulartheatresinLondonthathousesomefamousplays,oneofwhichisLesMiserablesthathasbeencontinuouslyperformedthereuptonow.Insidethereare3coffeebars.Website:www.sondheimtheatre.co.ukLyceumTheatreSince1765,ithasbeenhostingdifferentactivitiesovertheyearandhasbeenclosedandreopenedseveraltimes.AndithasbeenhomeofTheLionKingforover18years.Italsohasbars,Wi-fi,andashopthatsellstheatregoods.Website:PrinceEdwardTheatreBuiltin1929,itishometosomeofthebest-knownplaysandperformancesinthehistoryofLondontheatre,likePeterPan,JerseyBoys,andAnythingGoes.Itoffersfriendlyserviceforthedisabled.Ithas5coffeebarstochoosefrom.Website:www.princeedwardtheatre.co.ukShakespeare’sGlobeItisaworld-famousculturetheatre,whereyoucanenjoyHamlet,RomeoandJuliet,KingHenryIV...anyplaybyShakespeareintheopenair.Beingagoodplaceforthewholefamily,itoffersalotofactivities—workshops,storytellingmeetingsandstorytours,whichbothchildrenandadultswouldlove.Website:40．WhichplaywillyouenjoyifyougotoLyceumTheatre?A．AnythingGoes. B．TheLionKing. C．LesMiserables. D．RomeoandJuliet.41．Whichwouldthedisabledchoosetogoto?A．SondheimTheatre. B．PrinceEdwardTheatre