Unit 4 Life on Mars（B卷提升能力）-（牛津譯林版）（解析版）

班級(jí)姓名學(xué)號(hào)分?jǐn)?shù)Unit4LifeonMars（B卷?提升能力）（時(shí)間：90分鐘，滿分：100分）一、選擇題（共15小題，每小題1分，共15分）1.（2021?濰坊）AboutofthebooksinourschoollibraryarewritteninChinese.（）A.four﹣fifth B.four﹣fifths C.fourth﹣fifths D.fourths﹣fifth【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)英語(yǔ)中分?jǐn)?shù)的寫法規(guī)則為：分子用基數(shù)詞：one，two，three等，分母用序數(shù)詞：first，second，third等，分子大于一，分母加s，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)知考查五分之四的寫法，分子為基數(shù)詞four，分母為序數(shù)詞fifth，分子大于一，故分母后需加s2.（2021?海安市模擬）_____onMarshavetowearspecialboots_____themselvesheavier.（）A.Humen；tomake B.Humans；tomake C.Human；tomake D.Humans；making【答案】B【解析】human做"人"的意思的時(shí)候是一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞，ahuman，humans，這里的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為have，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)humans，所以排除AC；另外不定式在此句中作目的狀語(yǔ)3.Milliemakeshercousin________theflowerseveryday.（）A.waters B.watering C.water D.towater【答案】C【解析】makesbdosth為動(dòng)詞的固定搭配4.IthinkifImakeapenthathasamachineinit，I'll______writefaster.（）A.can B.could C.hasbeenable D.beableto【答案】D【解析】can、could和beableto都表示"能夠"，can和could只有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式兩種形式，beableto可以有多種時(shí)態(tài)，與助動(dòng)詞will連用構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)，只能用beableto5.﹣﹣Whatdoyou_______herspeech？﹣﹣Shespokeforonehourbutdidn'tsaymuch.（）A.thinkof B.thinkup C.thinkover D.thinkabout【答案】A【解析】thinkof想起；thinkup想出；thinkover仔細(xì)考慮；thinkabout考慮某事；whatdoyouthinkof...是固定句型，意為"你認(rèn)為......怎么樣"，根據(jù)句意，她講了一個(gè)小時(shí)，但沒(méi)有說(shuō)太多，可知是問(wèn)你認(rèn)為她的演講怎么樣6.Wehavesomanykindsofguitarsforyou________.（）A.tochoose B.tochoosefrom C.tobechosen D.tobechosenfrom【答案】A【解析】havesth.forsb.todo是不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，forsb.是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，不定式的動(dòng)作是其邏輯主語(yǔ)發(fā)出，不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除C和D；sth.是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，題干中的somanykindsofguitars是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)；根據(jù)句意，我們有很多種吉他供你從中選擇，即choosefromtheguitars7."WhereisTom？""Hehasn'tcometoschooltoday，Ithinkhe______beill."（）A.hasto B.should C.may D.can【答案】C【解析】hasto不得不；should應(yīng)該；may可能；can能。根據(jù)Hehasn'tcometoschooltoday"他今天沒(méi)來(lái)上學(xué)"可知，他"可能"生病了。表示肯定推測(cè)用may8.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool_______abouteighthundred.（）A.are B.were C.is D.be【答案】C【解析】are復(fù)數(shù)；were是are的過(guò)去式；is單數(shù)；be原形。thenumberof表示"……的數(shù)量"，跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，中心詞是number，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)is9.Theboy'sgrowing_______becausehekeepseating.（）A.fatandfat B.moreandmorefat C.fatterandfatter D.fatterandfattest【答案】C【解析】fat胖，比較級(jí)是fatter，最高級(jí)是fattest。經(jīng)分析可知題干使用了"比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)"句型結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)的意思是"越來(lái)越..."，fat的比較級(jí)是fatter，因此本題正確答案是C。10._______inadomewith10bedroomsis________possible.（）A.Live，highly B.Living，high C.Live，higher D.Living，highly【答案】D【解析】第一空為句子主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞形式作主語(yǔ)的為doing形式，排除A和C。high為形容詞，副詞的意思是"在高處"highly副詞，非常，possible可能的，形容詞，用副詞來(lái)修飾11.Youcanhardlyimagineaman________friendswithavolleyball.（）A.make B.making C.tomake D.made【答案】B【解析】imaginedoingsth想象做某事。12.IthinkEnglishishardforme._______，Idon'tknowthegrammar.（）A.Atfirst B.Firstofall C.Notatall D.Ontheotherhand【答案】B【解析】Atfirst最初；Firstofall首先；Notatall根本不；Ontheotherhand另一方面。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為"首先，我不懂語(yǔ)法。"13.Eachofthestudents__________hardon__________lessons.（）A.works；their B.works；his C.work；their D.work；his【答案】A【解析】第一個(gè)空，works第三人稱單數(shù)形式；work工作，動(dòng)詞原形。主語(yǔ)Eachofthestudents"每個(gè)學(xué)生"單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式works。C/D不正確。第二個(gè)空，their他（她、它）們的；his他的。學(xué)生不止一個(gè)，用形容詞性物主代詞their"他們的"，修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)lessons。14.ThesmokewassothickthatIwashavingtrouble_______.（）A.tobreathe B.inbreath C.withbreathing D.breathing【答案】D【解析】havetrouble（in）doingsth.意為"做某事有困難"，havetroublewithsth.意為"在某方面有困難"，都是常用結(jié)構(gòu)。breath動(dòng)詞，呼吸。15.Ithinkwe'll_______byrobotsinthefuture.（）A.carefor B.becarefor C.becaredfor D.caredfor【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，題干主語(yǔ)we和謂語(yǔ)carefor之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且題干關(guān)鍵信息inthefuture（在將來(lái)）表明語(yǔ)境是將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即C項(xiàng)表述符合語(yǔ)境。二、完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，共15分）Manhas（1）fourkindsofsatellites.Thefirstkindofsatellitesstudiesthe（2）oftheearth.Theyareusedtomakemaps.Theyalsohelpcountriestosee（3）theycanfindoilorgold.Thesecondkindofsatellitesisusedtoguide（4）andplanes.Ashiporaplanecan（5）amessagetothesatellite，andthesatellitecanfindoutwhereitis.Thethirdkindofsatellitesstudiesthe（6）.Thesesatelliteswatchcloudsandstrongwinds（7）acrosstheearth.Theywarncountriestomakepreparationswhenvery（8）weatheriscoming.Theytakephotosoftheearthfrommilesaboveitandsendthephotostoweather（9）ontheground.Thelastkindisusedfor（10）.Telephonecalls（11）countriescanbesentbythesesatellites.Somecancarryhundredsof（12）atonetime.Thecallissenttothesatelliteandthenthesatellitesendittothestationinthecountry（13）isbeingphoned.Thesesatellitesalsocarry（14），theycansendabouteightprograms（15）.1.A.discoveredB.foundC.inventedD.seen2.A.chemistryB.physicsC.biologyD.geography3.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who4.A.shipsB.planesC.busesD.trains5.A.bringB.takeC.writeD.send6.A.historyB.medicineC.weatherD.whether7.A.movedB.movingC.tomoveD.movement8.A.badB.goodC.fineD.well9.A.stationsB.shopC.reportD.studio10.A.sportsB.communicationC.shoppingD.hearing11.A.ofB.fromC.betweenD.among12.A.notesB.signsC.messagesD.calls13.A.whichB.whatC.whoD.where14.A.languagesB.filmsC.picturesD.plays15.A.intimeB.ontimeC.atatimeD.overtime【答案】CDCADCBAABCCACC【解析】1.C，本題考查動(dòng)詞.根據(jù)后文fourkindsofsatellites，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.invented發(fā)明；D.seen看見(jiàn)；可知人類從無(wú)到有是發(fā)明了四種衛(wèi)星，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用invented故答案是：C.2.D，本題考查考查名詞.根據(jù)后面Theyareusedtomakemaps.句意：他們被用來(lái)制作地圖，可知跟地理有關(guān)，故選：D.3.C，本題考查從句.根據(jù)文中Theyalsohelpcountriestosee…theycanfindoilorgold.它們還幫助各國(guó)在哪里可以找到石油或黃金，可知從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)要用副詞where來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句做整個(gè)句子的賓語(yǔ).故選：C4.A，本題考查名詞根據(jù)后文Ashiporaplane…輪船或飛機(jī)能…，可知照應(yīng)前文應(yīng)該用ships，故選：A5.D，本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析.結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.bring帶來(lái)B.take帶去C.write寫D.send發(fā)送.根據(jù)后面andthesatellitecanfindoutwhereitis.句意：衛(wèi)星可以發(fā)現(xiàn)它在哪，結(jié)合詞組sendamessage發(fā)信息.可知前面是發(fā)送信息給衛(wèi)星，故選：D.6.C，本題考查名詞辨析.根據(jù)后文Thesesatelliteswatchcloudsandstrongwinds.句意：這些衛(wèi)生觀察云和風(fēng)，可知應(yīng)該是天氣衛(wèi)星，故選：C.7.B，本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析.根據(jù)文中Thesesatelliteswatchcloudsandstrongwinds…acrosstheearth.句意：這些衛(wèi)星觀測(cè)著云層和強(qiáng)風(fēng)穿過(guò)地球.可知watch是感官動(dòng)詞.考查固定用法watchsbdosth強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程；watchsb.doingsth.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行.要用watch..doing來(lái)表示觀測(cè)云層和強(qiáng)風(fēng)的實(shí)時(shí)狀況，故選：B.8.A，本題考查形容詞辨析.根據(jù)Theywarncountriestomakepreparationswhenvery..weatheriscoming.句意：他們警告國(guó)家當(dāng)非常糟糕的天氣即將來(lái)臨時(shí)做好準(zhǔn)備A應(yīng)該是警告不可知天氣預(yù)報(bào)是讓各國(guó)為災(zāi)害性的天做好預(yù)警.故選：A.9.A，本題考查名詞辨析.根據(jù)文中Theytakephotosoftheearthfrommilesaboveitandsendthephotostoweather…ontheground.句意：他們從上面幾英里的地方拍下地球的照片，然后把照片發(fā)送到氣象站.可知要用詞組weatherstation氣象站.故選：A.10.B，本題考查名詞辨析.根據(jù)文中Thelastkindisusedfor…句意：最后一種是用來(lái)通信的.根據(jù)后面Telephonecalls打電話，可知是通信衛(wèi)星，故選：B.11.C，本題考查介詞辨析.根據(jù)文中Telephonecalls…countriescanbesentbythesesatellites.句意：國(guó)家間的電話可以通過(guò)這些衛(wèi)星被發(fā)送.可知打電話應(yīng)該是兩個(gè)國(guó)家之間通話，要用介詞between.故選：C.12.C，本題考查名詞辨析.根據(jù)文中Somecancarryhundredsof..atonetime.句意：一些衛(wèi)星可以攜帶數(shù)以百計(jì)的信息.結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.notes便條B.signs信號(hào)C.messages信息D.calls電話，可知要用messages，因?yàn)橥ㄐ啪褪切畔⒌膫鬏?故選：C.13.A，本題考查定語(yǔ)從句.根據(jù)文中Thecallissenttothesatelliteandthenthesatellitesendittothestationinthecountry（13）isbeingphoned.句意：電話被發(fā)送到衛(wèi)星，然后衛(wèi)星將其發(fā)送到正在被呼叫的電話所在國(guó)的基站.可知先行詞country要用which來(lái)引導(dǎo).故選：A.14.C，本題考查名詞辨析.根據(jù)文中Thesesatellitesalsocarry…句意：這些衛(wèi)星也可以運(yùn)載圖片.結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.languages語(yǔ)言B.films電影C.pictures圖片D.plays戲劇，可知電話還可以和電傳機(jī)連接用來(lái)發(fā)送圖片和文件.故選：C.15.C，本題考查短語(yǔ)辨析.根據(jù)文中theycansendabouteightprograms…句意：他們可以一次發(fā)送8個(gè)程序.結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.intime及時(shí)B.ontime按時(shí)C.atatime在一次中D.overtime隨著時(shí)間的過(guò)去；可知要用atatime.故選：C.三、閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2分，共30分）AChinesespaceloverWangYuanhasbeenchosenasoneofthevolunteersfortheMars﹣500testproject.Hewasveryhappytobechosenandwillacceptthechallenge.Anotherfivevolunteersareallspacelovers.TheyarethreeRussians，anItaly﹣ColombianandaFrenchman.Theywillfeelwhatit'sliketotraveltoMarswithoutleavingEarth.Duringthewholeprocess（過(guò)程），theyarelockedupforoneandahalfyearsundertheconditionwhichissimilartotheredplanet.SotheexperimentiscalledMars﹣500.TheMars﹣500testwillbedoneinaspecialbuildinginMoscow.Althoughthevolunteerswon'tleavethebuilding，theywillfeelasiftheyareonarealtriptoMars.Themostdifficultthingisthattheywillbeseparatedfromthepeopleoutside.For18months，theywon'tseesunsetsorsunrises.Thatwillbehard.Whenreportersaskedwhattheywouldmissmostduringthe500﹣dayspeciallife，CharlesfromFrancesaid，"Forme，itwillbemainlymyfamily，thesunandfreshair."Themaintaskistostudy"ManandtheEnvironment".Itwillcareabouttheastronauts'physicaleffectsandtheexperienceofstayingthere.Everyonewillstayandworktherealone.SotheywillhavetomakedecisionsbythemselvesandthenreporttoEarth，andEarthwilltellthemwhethertheydotherightthingornot.Eachastronautispreparingforthegreatchallenge.Andpeoplearelookingforwardtotheresultoftheexperiment.1.HowmanyvolunteershavebeenchosenfortheMars﹣500testproject？A.3.B.4.C.5.D.6.2.TheexperimentMars﹣500willbedonein.A.ChinaB.ItalyC.RussiaD.France3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"beseparatedfrom"meaninChinese？A.與…隔離B.與…相處C.與…打交道D.與…和好4.Themaintaskofthetestistostudy.A.whethertherearealiensonMarsB.ifthereislifeonMarsC.ifMarsissuitableforhumanstoliveonD.thedifferencesbetweenEarthandMars5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A.Fivespacelovershavebeenchosenasvolunteers.B.TheMars﹣500testwilltakeplaceinParis.C.TheMars﹣500testisaboutarealtriptoMars.D.Thevolunteerswillfacemanydifficulties.【答案】DCACD【解析】1：D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句"Anotherfivevolunteersareallspacelovers.，"理解可知.除了王元還有五人，故共選拔6人，選擇D.2：C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句"TheMars﹣500testwillbeinaspecialbuildinginMoscow，Russia."理解可知.這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)將在俄羅斯的莫斯科舉行，故選C.3：A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句"Themostdifficultthingwillbetobeseparated（分離）fromthepeoplethattheyusedtolivewith."理解可知.最困難的就是將和家人分離，故選A.4：C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Themaintaskistostudy"ManandtheEnvironment".Itwillcareabouttheastronauts'physicaleffectsandtheexperienceofstayingthere理解可知.這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了研究人和環(huán)境，是為了研究是否適合人居住，故選C.5：D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句"Eachastronautispreparingforthegreatchallenge."理解可知.這六名志愿者都面臨著挑戰(zhàn)，故選DB（2022春?澧縣校級(jí)月考）Bruceandhisothertwofriends，BrunoandDicklivedinthesamecityinEngland.Theywerefreeintheirsummerholiday.Sotheycametoavillagebyalargelake.Theylikedfishingverymuch.Thenthenextdayaftertheygotthere，theygottoaboatandwentfishinginthelake.Theyboatedfartherandfarther.Theycametoanout﹣of﹣wayplace.Theywereveryhappybecausetherewerealotoffish.Whenitwastimeforthemtogohome，Brucesaidtohisfriends："We'dbettermakeamarkheresothatwewilleasilyfindtheplacetomorrow.""You'reright."Brunosaidhappily."Letmedothat.""Howfoolish，"saidBruce."Ifitrainstonight，therainwaterwillwashthelineoff，andhowcanwefindthemarktomorrow.Youmustcutalinewithyourknife."Dickcameuptothemandsaidangrily."Neitherofyouisclever.Howcanwefindtheplaceifwehaveanotherboattomorrow.Weshouldnotgobacktonight."1.Thethreeboys.A.werealltooyoungtogotoschoolB.camefromthecityC.werefromtheworkersfamiliesD.likedeatingfishverymuch2.Theboyswantedtogototheplaceagaintomorrowbecause.A.itwasagoodplaceB.theygotalotoffishthereC.therewasamarkonthesideoftheboatD.theyweregoodatfishing3.Brunowasreadyto（準(zhǔn)備）makeamarkbecause.A.hewasolderthanhisfriendsB.hehadapencilinhishandC.hewasthecleverestofthethreeD.hehadthesameideaasBruce's4.Thelinetheydrewwasnot.A.thickB.uselessC.easyD.useful5.Theyshouldmakeamark.A.thickerandcoloritredB.onthefishC.inthelakeD.oneveryboat【答案】BBDDC【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bruceandhisothertwofriends，BrunoandDicklivedinthesamecityinEngland.（布魯斯和他的另外兩個(gè)朋友，布魯諾和迪克住在英國(guó)的同一個(gè)城市。）可知，他們來(lái)自城市。故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theywereveryhappybecausetherewerealotoffish.（他們很高興，因?yàn)橛泻芏圄~。）可知，他們明天還想去那個(gè)地方，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)谀抢镝灥搅撕芏圄~。故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"You'reright."Brunosaidhappily."Letmedothat."（"你說(shuō)得對(duì)。"布魯諾高興地說(shuō)，"讓我來(lái)吧。"）可知，布魯諾準(zhǔn)備做記號(hào)，是因?yàn)樗筒剪斔褂型瑯拥南敕?。故選D。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)Ifitrainstonight，therainwaterwillwashthelineoff，andhowcanwefindthemarktomorrow.Youmustcutalinewithyourknife.（如果今晚下雨，雨水會(huì)把線沖走，明天我們?cè)趺茨苷业綐?biāo)記呢？你必須用刀劃一條線。）可知，他們畫的線是沒(méi)有用的。故選D（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，他們應(yīng)該在湖里做記號(hào)才是有效的。故選C。C（2022春?三臺(tái)縣校級(jí)月考）What'sthefirstthingthatcomestomindwhenyouthinkaboutwintersports？Skiing（滑雪），ofcourse.Thereisnodoubtthatdown﹣hillskiingistheworld'smostpopularwintersportalthoughit'soneofthemostexpensiveaswell.Fewpeople，however，knowthatcross﹣countryskiingismucheasierandlessexpensivethandown﹣hillskiing，andcertainlyalsoenjoyable.Cross﹣countryskiinghasbeenaroundformuchlongerthandown﹣hillskiinganditisprobablytheoldestwintersport.Alongtimebeforethesnowmobilewasinvented，itwasalsothefirstmeansoftransportationthatpeopleusedtomoveacrossthesnow.Infact，theoldestskieverfound，whichwasinSweden，ismorethan4，500yearsold.Cross﹣countryskiingisnotdifficultatall.Evenpeoplewhoaren'tprofessionalcanhavefunfromthebeginningwithouthavingtospendalongtimeorlotsofmoneytakinglessons.That'swhyit'sverycommontoseepeopleofallagesenjoyingcross﹣countryskiingtogether.Infact，atthefirstWinterOlympicsheldinChamonixin1924，itwastheonlykindofskiinginthecompetition.Nowforcross﹣countryskiers，themostexcitingeventeveryyearistheEngadineMarathon，wheremorethan10，000men，womenandchildrenskiacrossthefrozenlakeofSt.MoritzinSwitzerland.Thismakesmorepeoplefromallovertheworldtakepartinthesport.Forcross﹣countryskiers，whattheyvalueistheexcitementofthesport.Popularholidaycentersandluxurioushotelsarenotimportant.Theystayincheaphousesandgoskiingwhenevertheyfeellikeit.1.Whydopeoplepreferdown﹣hillskiingtocross﹣countryskiing？A.Itismuchcheaperthancross﹣countryskiing.B.They'retoofamiliarwithcross﹣countyskiing.C.It'sthemostpopularwintersportintheworld.D.Theycanlearnhowtodown﹣hillskimoreeasily.2.HowdidSwedishpeoplemoveacrossthesnowover4，500yearsago？A.Bydown﹣hillskiing.B.Bycross﹣countryskiing.C.Byridingsnowmobiles.D.Bygoingonfoot.3.Whatcanweknowaboutcross﹣countryskiingfromthethirdparagraph？A.It'sbecomingmoreandmorepopular.B.It'sasimportantasdown﹣hillskiing.C.It'smorefamousthandown﹣hillskiing.D.It'sgettingSwitzerlandmoreinteresting.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"luxurious"meaninthelastparagraph？A.Old.B.Modern.C.Expensive.D.Clean.5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTWRONGaccordingtothepassage？A.Down﹣hillskiingistheworld'smostpopularwintersportbutnotthedearest.B.Cross﹣countryhaslongerhistorythandown﹣hillanditmaybetheoldestwintersport.C.Cross﹣countryskiingisnotdifficultatall，soonlytheyoungtakepartinthesport.D.ThereweremanykindsofskiinginthecompetitionatthefirstWinterOlympicsheldinChamonixin1924.【答案】CBACC【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Thereisnodoubtthatdown﹣hillskiingistheworld'smostpopularwintersportalthoughit'soneofthemostexpensiveaswell.（毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，高山滑雪是世界上最受歡迎的冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)，盡管它也是最昂貴的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一。）可知，人們喜歡高山滑雪而不是越野滑雪是因?yàn)樗鞘澜缟献盍餍械亩具\(yùn)動(dòng)。故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Cross﹣countryskiinghasbeenaroundformuchlongerthandown﹣hillskiinganditisprobablytheoldestwintersport.Alongtimebeforethesnowmobilewasinvented，itwasalsothefirstmeansoftransportationthatpeopleusedtomoveacrossthesnow.Infact，theoldestskieverfound，whichwasinSweden，ismorethan4，500yearsold.（越野滑雪的歷史比高山滑雪要長(zhǎng)得多，它可能是最古老的冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)。在雪地摩托發(fā)明之前很久，它也是人們用來(lái)穿越雪地的第一種交通工具。事實(shí)上，在瑞典發(fā)現(xiàn)的最古老的滑雪板已有4500多年的歷史。）可知，瑞典人在4500年前，是通過(guò)越野滑雪穿越雪地的。故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Cross﹣countryskiingisnotdifficultatall.Evenpeoplewhoaren'tprofessionalcanhavefunfromthebeginningwithouthavingtospendalongtimeorlotsofmoneytakinglessons.That'swhyit'sverycommontoseepeopleofallagesenjoyingcross﹣countryskiingtogether.（越野滑雪一點(diǎn)都不難。即使是不專業(yè)的人也可以從一開始就玩得開心，而不必花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間或很多錢去上課。這就是為什么經(jīng)?？吹礁鱾€(gè)年齡段的人都喜歡一起越野滑雪的原因。）以及Thismakesmorepeoplefromallovertheworldtakepartinthesport.（這使得來(lái)自世界各地的更多人參與到這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中來(lái)。）可知，越野滑雪越來(lái)越受歡迎了。故選A。（4）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段Popularholidaycentersandluxurioushotelsarenotimportant.Theystayincheaphousesandgoskiingwhenevertheyfeellikeit.（受歡迎的度假中心和luxurious酒店并不重要。他們住在便宜的房子里，想滑雪就去滑雪。）并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知，luxurious是昂貴的意思，與expensive意思相近。故選C。（5）正誤判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Cross﹣countryskiingisnotdifficultatall.Evenpeoplewhoaren'tprofessionalcanhavefunfromthebeginningwithouthavingtospendalongtimeorlotsofmoneytakinglessons.That'swhyit'sverycommontoseepeopleofallagesenjoyingcross﹣countryskiingtogether.（越野滑雪一點(diǎn)都不難。即使是不專業(yè)的人也可以從一開始就玩得開心，而不必花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間或很多錢去上課。這就是為什么經(jīng)?？吹礁鱾€(gè)年齡段的人都喜歡一起越野滑雪的原因。）可知，C項(xiàng)，越野滑雪一點(diǎn)也不難，所以只有年輕人參加這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，表述錯(cuò)誤。故選C。四、六選五（共5小題，每小題2分，共10分）（2022?朝陽(yáng)區(qū)校級(jí)模擬）Acampingtripcanbeapleasantwaytoseethegreatoutdoors.（1）Whethercampingnearalargecity，inaforest，inthemountainsornearabeach，asuccessfulcampingtripalwaysdependsontheplanningbeforehand.Thefirstthinginplanninganycampingtripistheweather.（2）Whenplanningyourtrip，alwayscheckweatherreportafewdaysbeforeyouleave.Clothingforcampinglargelydependsontheweather，buteveninthesummeritiswisetobringclothingforbothhotandcoldtemperatures.（3）Whateveryouchooseforshelter，makesureyouknowhowtouseitproperlyandseethatitkeepstherainoffyoursleepingarea.Dorememberthatthesleepingbugyouchooseshouldfittheseason.（4）Bringalongafirstaidkit（急救箱）andgooveranysafetyruleswitheveryoneinyourparty.Bringacellphoneincaseofanemergency（緊急情況）.Keepitturnedoffifyouprefer，butitwillbethereifnecessary.Atleast，haveanemergencyback﹣upplan.（5）Tellthemwhereyouwillbeandwhentoexpectyouback，andmakesureeveryoneinthepartyknowswhattodoandwheretogoifthereisaninjuryorifsomeonegetslost.閱讀短文，把A﹣E五個(gè)句子填入文中空缺處，使短文意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。A.Safetyisimportantoneverycampingtrip.B.Leaveinformationathomeorwithfriends.C.Bringafewmoreclothesthanyouneedandplentyofsocks.D.It'salsoawonderfulchanceforfamiliarsandfriendstospendtimetogether.E.Mostpeoplecampduringthesummermonthswhentheairiswarmandinviting.【答案】DECAB【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。（1）根據(jù)前句"A?camping?trip?can?be?a?pleasant?way?to?see?the?great?outdoors.（野營(yíng)旅行是一種欣賞戶外美景的愉快方式。）"可知說(shuō)的是野營(yíng)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說(shuō)這也是家人和朋友聚在一起的好機(jī)會(huì)。故選D。（2）根據(jù)前句"The?first?consideration?in?planning?any?camping?trip?is?the?weather.（在計(jì)劃任何野營(yíng)旅行時(shí)，首先要考慮的是天氣。）"可知說(shuō)的是天氣，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說(shuō)大多數(shù)人在空氣溫暖宜人的夏季去露營(yíng)。故選E。（3）根據(jù)前句"Clothing?for?camping?is?largely?dependent?on?the?weather?but?even?in?the?summer?it?is?wise?to?bring?clothing?for?both?hot?and?cold?temperatures.（野營(yíng)的衣服很大程度上取決于天氣，但即使在夏天，也要帶適合冷熱兩種溫度的衣服。）"可知結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說(shuō)多帶一些你不需要的衣服和大量的襪子。故選C。（4）根據(jù)后句"Bring?along?a?first?aid?kit（急被箱）and?go?over?any?safety?rules?with?everyone?in?your?party.（帶一個(gè)急救箱，和你的同伴一起復(fù)習(xí)安全規(guī)則。）"可知說(shuō)的是安全，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說(shuō)每次野營(yíng)安全都很重要。故選A。（5）根據(jù)后句"Tell?them?where?you?will?be?and?when?to?expect?you?back，（告訴他們你將在哪里，什么時(shí)候等你回來(lái)，）"可知說(shuō)的是一些信息，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說(shuō)在家里或朋友那里留下信息。故選B。五、詞匯題（共20題，每題1分，共20分）A.漢譯英或者用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.（2022秋?綦江區(qū)校級(jí)期中）What'sthe（人口）ofSingapore？【答案】population.【解析】考查翻譯填空.句意：新加坡的人口是多少？根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示及其英語(yǔ)句子，可知要翻譯的部分為：人口.英語(yǔ)表達(dá)是population，不可數(shù)名詞.故答案為population.2.（2021?寧夏）Wehadalong（討論）abouttheplan.【答案】discussion【解析】聯(lián)系語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合漢語(yǔ)提示詞"討論"，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞a，可知所需填的詞應(yīng)為"討論"的名詞形式，意為"一次討論"，其名詞形式為discussion.故填寫discussion.3.About50（乘客）wereburnedtodeathonBRTinXiamenonJune7th，2013.【答案】passenger【解析】乘客passenger，"50名乘客"要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，根據(jù)句意"大約50名乘客于2013年6月7日在廈門快速公交上被燒死"可知4.Mybrother（討厭）watchingTV，butnowheisacouchpotato.【答案】hated【解析】討厭hate，根據(jù)句意"我哥哥討厭看電視，但現(xiàn)在他成了電視迷."可知，這是一個(gè)并列句，前面說(shuō)的是過(guò)去的事情，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，后面說(shuō)的是現(xiàn)在的事情，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。5.Ithink（重力）isthemostseriousproblemonMars.【答案】gravity【解析】重力gravity，是不可數(shù)名詞，在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)，用原形，根據(jù)句意"我認(rèn)為重力是火星上最嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題"可知，答案為：gravity.6.Eddiealwaysworriesabout（nothave）foodtoeat.【答案】nothaving.【解析】根據(jù)Eddiealwaysworriesabout﹣﹣（nothave）foodtoeat.可知埃迪總是擔(dān)心沒(méi)有飯吃.這里about后面跟動(dòng)名詞形式，否定形式在動(dòng)名詞前面加not.故填nothaving7.Werecognizedthe（possible）andtookstepstopreventithappening.【答案】possibility.【解析】根據(jù)Werecognizedthe﹣﹣（possible）andtookstepstopreventithappening，可知我們認(rèn)識(shí)到了這種可能性，并且采取了一些預(yù)防措施.the后面跟名詞形式.故填possibility。8.Thewaterintheriveris（harm）.Look!Therearemanyfishswimminginit.【答案】harmless.【解析】考查形容詞.結(jié)合語(yǔ)境"河里的水是___！有許多魚在里面游泳.".可知，應(yīng)該是"無(wú)害的".系表結(jié)構(gòu)，填harm的形容詞harmless.9.Perhapstherewouldbeless（pollute）onMars.【答案】pollution.【解析】根據(jù)Perhapstherewouldbeless﹣﹣（pollute）onMars.可知也許在火星上的污染會(huì)比較少.這里形容詞修飾名詞形式.故填不可數(shù)名詞pollution.10.Thelow﹣sugarcakesare（special）madefortheelderly.【答案】specially.【解析】根據(jù)Thelow﹣sugarcakesare﹣﹣（special）madefortheelderly，可知低糖蛋糕是專為老年人制作的.這里修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞形式.故填specially.B.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，每空一詞。Whenwelookupattheshiningstarsonaclearnight，wesometimescan'thelpwondering：Istherelifeonother（1）porarewereallyaloneintheuniverse（宇宙）？Alotofscientistshavetriedandarestilltryingtofindoutanswers（2）tthesequestions.Someofthemare（3）coutaprogrammecalledSETI（對(duì)外星智能的探索）.TheymeetatAreciboObervatorinPuertoRico.There，theyusealargeantenna（天線）andhopethattheywillmake（4）cwithotherlifeformsfromouterspace.Theantennaisover300metreswide.Itlooksfor（5）mfromtheuniverse.Ifthereisalifesomewhereintheuniverse，itwillprobablysendoutsomeradiosignals.Thisantennawill（6）pthemup.PeoplewhowanttotakepartinSETIonlyneedacomputer，becausethe（7）ifromtheantennaisontheInternet.About2millionpeoplehavealready（8）ctothesite.Theyarelookingforaliensignalsontheircomputers，buttheyhaven'tfoundany（9）y.Ifsomeonediscoversanunusualmessage，thiswillmeanthat（10）harenottheonlyintelligentcreature（智能生物）intheuniverse.Peopleareinterestedinfindinganysignalfromaliens.Well，wemustwaitandsee.Inaword，robotswillbemoreandmoreintelligent（聰明）andaffectourlivesinmanyways.【解析】1.planets，本題考查名詞.根據(jù)文中wesometimescan'thelpwondering：Istherelifeonotherp1orarewereallyaloneintheuniverse？句意：我們有時(shí)會(huì)忍不住想：有生命在其他星球嗎？或者我們真的在宇宙中獨(dú)一無(wú)二呢？結(jié)合前文stars可知這里是指的是其他的星球planets上有沒(méi)有生物.故填：planets.2.to，本題考查介詞.根據(jù)文中Alotofscientistshavetriedandarestilltryingtofindoutanswers..thesequestions.句意：許多科學(xué)家已經(jīng)嘗試過(guò)，并且仍在試圖找出這些問(wèn)題的答案.可知要用詞組theanswertothequestion問(wèn)題的答案.故填：to.3.carrying，本題考查動(dòng)詞.根據(jù)文中Someofthemare…outaprogrammecalledSETI句意：他們中的一些人正在實(shí)施一個(gè)叫做SETI的計(jì)劃.可知要用詞組carryout進(jìn)行、實(shí)施，結(jié)合現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在分詞carrying.故填：carrying.4.contact，本題考查名詞.根據(jù)文中andhopethattheywillmake…withotherlifeformsfromouterspace.句意：希望他們能與外太空的其他生命形式取得聯(lián)系.可知要用詞組makecontactwith..與…聯(lián)系.故填：contact.5.messages，本題考查名詞.根據(jù)文中Itlooksfor…f