翻譯二級(jí)筆譯綜合能力模擬20

翻譯二級(jí)筆譯綜合能力模擬20ⅠVocabularyandGrammarPart1VocabularySelection1.

Someoftheseonlineservicesare（江南博哥）free,whileothers______acharge.A.carryB.cashierC.coincideD.collect正確答案：A[解析]形近識(shí)別

A．carry(動(dòng)詞)，搬運(yùn)，運(yùn)載，帶有(責(zé)任)，帶來(處罰，利息)，含有；B．cashier(名詞)出納；C．coincide(動(dòng)詞)一致、符合；D．collect(動(dòng)詞)收集，聚集，集中，搜集；此句意為：這些在線服務(wù)有些是免費(fèi)的，而有些是要收費(fèi)的；因此A為答案。

2.

Thejurygavea______of"notguilty".A.sentenceB.judgementC.chargeD.verdict正確答案：D[解析]近義辨析。

verdict裁決，判決，判斷(指陪審團(tuán)的裁決)：Theverdictwasthattheprisonerwasguilty．判決犯人有罪。sentence判決，宣判(指法庭的判決，尤其指對(duì)已判決有罪的人加以處罰的法院的刑罰決定)：Hereceivedaheavysentence．他被判重刑。judgement判斷，審判，裁判(指法庭的判決，法官的決定)：Thejudgementsetanewprecedent．那次判決樹立了一個(gè)新的判例。charge指控，控告(指提出對(duì)不法行為的指控)：achargeofmurder指控犯謀殺罪。

3.

Everygoodstoryiscarefully______;theelementsofthestoryreducedtofitwithoneanotherinordertomakeaneffectonthereader.A.emphasizedB.selectedC.plannedD.examined正確答案：C[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析

A．emphasized強(qiáng)調(diào)，著重；B．selected選擇，挑選；C．planned計(jì)劃，設(shè)計(jì)；D．examined檢查，調(diào)查，考試；此句意為：每一部好小說都是經(jīng)過認(rèn)真設(shè)計(jì)的；為了使之能打動(dòng)讀者，小說中的一些元素(情節(jié))被縮減以使全文一致。因此答案為C。

4.

Themanwenttoprison,butthetwoboys______withawarning.A.tookoffB.gotoffC.keptoffD.setoff正確答案：B[解析]本題意為“那個(gè)男子坐牢去了，可是那兩個(gè)男孩只受到警告而沒有受到處罰”。B項(xiàng)的“getoff逃脫懲罰”符合題意。其他三項(xiàng)“takeoff脫下(衣服)，飛機(jī)(起飛)；keepoff讓開，不接近；setoff=startoff=setout=startout出發(fā)”都不正確。

5.

Weshouldalwaysbearinmindthat______decisionsoftenresultinseriousconsequences.A.urgentB.instantC.promptD.hasty正確答案：D[解析]由后半句中的“常常會(huì)產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的后果”可推知決定應(yīng)為hasty(倉(cāng)促的，草率的，急躁的)。如：Theyshouldn'thavemadesuchahastydecision．他們本不該作出這樣草率的決定。

6.

Thehousewasveryquiet,______asitwasonthesideofamountain.A.isolatedB.isolatingC.beingisolatedD.havingbeenisolated正確答案：A[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)識(shí)別

逗號(hào)后面的部分是原因狀語(yǔ)從句asitwasisolatedonthesideofamountain，本句為了強(qiáng)調(diào)“被隔絕”之意，將isolated提前；因此A為答案。

7.

ProfessorJohnson'sretirement______fromnextJanuary.A.carriesintoeffectB.takeseffectC.haseffectD.putsintoeffect正確答案：B[解析]carryintoeffect表示“實(shí)行，實(shí)現(xiàn)”；takeeffect指“開始實(shí)行，開始生效”，為不及物詞組。如：ThecontracttakeseffectasofOctober1．本合同從十月一日起生效。所以，答案為B。

8.

Thelessthesurfaceofthegroundyieldstotheweightofthebodyofarunner,______tothebody.A.thestressitisgreaterB.greateristhestressC.greaterstressisD.thegreaterthestress正確答案：D[解析]固定用法。

the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)。

9.

Teenagersinthe1950s,whohadto______anincreasinglyatomizedfamilylifeanddomesticandinternationaltensions,scornedthesterileversionofAmericanlife.A.injureB.conjureC.confrontD.inflow正確答案：C[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析

A．injure損害，傷害；B．conjure(以咒文)召喚，變戲法，想象；C．confront使面臨，對(duì)抗，面對(duì)；D．inflow流入。

10.

Successas______byeconomicoutputbearsnocloserelationshiptohumanachievement.A.decidedB.achievedC.assuredD.measured正確答案：B[解析]詞義辨析

A．decide決定，判決；B．a(chǎn)chieve完成，達(dá)到；C．a(chǎn)ssure使……確信，保證，擔(dān)保，斷然地說；D．measure測(cè)量，估量，權(quán)衡，調(diào)節(jié)；而本句意為：靠經(jīng)濟(jì)輸出來______的成功與人類成就沒有緊密的關(guān)系。即：靠經(jīng)濟(jì)輸出來達(dá)到/獲得的成功與人類成就沒有緊密的關(guān)系。achievesuccess是固定搭配，表：獲得成功；因此B為答案。

11.

Wewillnotbeheldresponsibleforanydamagewhichresults______roughhandling.A.fromB.offC.inD.to正確答案：A[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。

resultfrom由于……而發(fā)生，是……的結(jié)果：Anydamagetoabookresultingfromnegligencemustbepaidforbytheborrower．由于疏忽而對(duì)書籍所造成的損壞應(yīng)由借閱者賠償。resultin結(jié)果是，導(dǎo)致：Thesesafetymeasureswillresultinthereductionofworkaccident．這些安全措施將減少工傷事故。

12.

Hewasfined$5,000bycityregulatorsforgivingmoneytoaninspector,anincidenthelaterdescribedas______.A.extentB.extinctionC.extortionD.extravagance正確答案：C[解析]形近識(shí)別

A．extent廣度，范圍；B．extinction消失，滅絕；C．extortion勒索，敲詐，強(qiáng)?。?/p>

D．extravagance奢侈，鋪張，過度，放縱的言行；因表示：由于塞錢給一個(gè)檢察員，他被城管人員罰了5000美金，后來他將之稱為敲詐，因此C為答案。

13.

Theteam'seffortstoscorewere______bytheopposinggoalkeeper.A.frustratedB.preventedC.discouragedD.accomplished正確答案：A[解析]frustrate“挫敗，破壞”，常與表示“計(jì)劃、努力、企圖”等的名詞搭配。如：Theweatherfrustratedourplans．天氣破壞了我們的計(jì)劃。

14.

Itwastoolateto______ofthecontract.A.backoutB.backdownC.backupD.backaway正確答案：A[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。

backout不履行(協(xié)議、承諾等)：It'stoolatetobackoutofthedealnow．現(xiàn)在要在這筆交易上打退堂鼓為時(shí)已晚。backdown讓步，放棄，屈服：Heprovedthathewasrightandhiscriticshadtobackdown，他證明了他是正確的，而那些非難他的人不得不收起他們那一套。backup使聚集：Trafficbackedupinthetunnel．在地下道中引起了交通阻塞；backaway因害怕或厭惡而后退：Thechildbackedawayfromthebigdog．那個(gè)孩子看見大狗就向后退了。

15.

Manyyoungpeoplebelievethatwarisstupidandunnecessary.Tothem,toloseone'slifeonthebattlefieldis______.A.gloriousB.futileC.heroicD.courageous正確答案：B[解析]形容詞辨析

A．glorious光榮的，顯赫的；B．futile瑣細(xì)的，無用的，無效果的；C．heroic英雄的，英勇的；D．courageous勇敢的，有膽量的；而本句意為：許多年輕人認(rèn)為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是愚蠢和毫無必要的。對(duì)他們而言，在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上犧牲生命是______。根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境，B為答案。

16.

ThenewPersonalDigitalAssistancecontainedalarge______ofinformationaboutanindividuallife.A.dealB.amountC.numberD.account正確答案：B[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)搭配。

alargeamountof大量(后跟不可數(shù)名詞)：Hercasehasattractedanenormousamountofpublicsympathy．她的案件博得了無數(shù)公眾的同情。giveanaccountof描述：Shegaveathrillingaccountofherlifeinthejungle．她繪聲繪色地描述了自己在叢林中的生活。anumberof大量；若干(后跟可數(shù)名詞)：Anumberofwell-qualifiedpeoplehaverecentlyleftthecompany．一些非常稱職的人已在最近離開了這家公司。

17.

PowellcallsfordrawdownfromIraqbymid-2007.Hiscommentsbreakhislongpublicsilenceontheissueandplacehim______withtheadministration.A.atwillB.ateaseC.attimesD.atodds正確答案：D[解析]atwill隨意，任意。atease安逸，自由自在。attimes有時(shí)，不時(shí)。atodds爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，不一致。答案是D。

18.

TheKyotoProtocolhasbeendesignedto______theglobalenvironmentalproblems.A.dressB.addressC.stressD.distress正確答案：B[解析]

形近識(shí)別。

address對(duì)付，處理，滿足(需求)：Peoplewhowanttoensurethatglobalissuesareaddressed，hesaid，shouldbevotingfortheGreens．他說，想要確保全球性問題被關(guān)注的人們應(yīng)該選舉格林一家。stress強(qiáng)調(diào)：ImuststressthatwhatIsayisconfidential．我要強(qiáng)調(diào)我說的話是保密的。distress(常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))給(某人)帶來痛苦、悲傷、苦難、貧困、危難等：1wasmostdistressedtohearthesadnewsofyourfather'sdeath．聽到你父親去世的噩耗我十分難過。

19.

Shehadjust______theshellofthehard-boiledeggandwasstartingtopeelitoff.A.snappedB.crackedC.fracturedD.burst正確答案：B[解析]近義辨析。

crack使裂開：cracktheglass敲碎玻璃。snap突然折斷，突然斷裂：Theropesnapped．繩子突然斷了。fracture使破碎：fractureabone折斷骨頭。burst使爆炸：Ifyoublowthatballoonupanymoreitwillburst．那氣球再吹就要破了。

20.

Americanswhoconsiderthemselves______inthetraditionalsensedonotusuallyhesitatetoheapcriticismindomesticmattersoverwhattheybelieveisoppressiveorwasteful.A.pedestrianB.penchantC.patriarchD.patriotic正確答案：D[解析]形近識(shí)別。

patriotic愛國(guó)的；pedestrian行人；penchant愛好，嗜好；patriarch極受尊重的年老男子。

Part2VocabularyReplacement1.

A"Backgrounder"permitsnewspapermentopublishinformationgiventhemthoughwithoutattributiontothesource.A.apersonwhoremainsbehindthesceneB.apersonprovidingthebackgroundknowledgeC.apressconferenceD.anewsagency正確答案：C

2.

Educationaldevelopmentisboundupwitheconomicprogress.A.inaccordancewithB.consistentwithC.independentofD.closelyrelatedto正確答案：D[解析]本題中，boundupwith的意思是“與…有密切聯(lián)系；與…利益一致”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，closelyrelatedto的意思是“與……密切相關(guān)”；inaccordancewith的意思是“與……一致，依照”；consistentwith的意思是“符合”；independentof的意思是“不依賴于……”。只有D項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.

Mr.Danewentthroughhisdaughter'sessaycarefully,toeliminateslangwordsfromit.A.reduceB.exchangedC.removeD.exhibit正確答案：C[解析]本題中，eliminate的意思是“排除，消除”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，remove的意思是“移動(dòng)，排除”，如：YesterdaymyhusbandremovedthegateandRexgotsoannoyedwehavenotseenhimsince．(昨天，我丈夫把大門拆掉了，雷克斯很生氣，以致此后我們?cè)僖惨姴坏剿?。reduce的意思是“減少，還原”；exchanged的意思是“交換，交流”；exhibit的意思是“展示”。只有C項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.

OnaWindowsscreen,therewillrolldownmanymorebuttonswhenyouhitthe"Tools"button.A.castB.casteC.cascadeD.cataract正確答案：C[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析。

roll(使某物)滾動(dòng)：Theballrolleddownthehill．球滾下了山。cascade(使)瀑布般地落下：Hergoldenhaircascadeddownherback．她的金發(fā)像瀑布似的披在背后。cast投，拋：Theanglercasttheline．垂釣者把釣線拋了出去。caste社會(huì)等級(jí)，社會(huì)地位(名詞)：ThecastesystemisstillstronginsomeEasterncountriessuchasIndia．種姓制度在一些東方國(guó)家如印度仍然很牢固。cataract(使)像瀑布似地注流：Therotorcataractswateroverthetopofthemachines．回轉(zhuǎn)輪將水從機(jī)器頂上注入。

5.

TheEnglishlanguagehasalwayschanged,buttherateofchangehasbeenuneven.A.portionB.speedC.standardD.measure正確答案：B[解析]名詞辨析

rate表：比率，速度，等級(jí)，價(jià)格；而選項(xiàng)A．portion部分，一份，分得的部分；B．speed速度，速率，迅速；C．standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，規(guī)格，本位；D．measure措施，測(cè)量，量度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；因此B為答案。

6.

Constructionofthegiganticofficebuildinginthiscitywasforyearsintermittent.A.stoppingandstartingatintervalsB.somethingthatwillhappensoonC.beingwatchedwithkeeninterestD.anythingthatcomesandgoes正確答案：A[解析]形容詞辨析。

intermittent間歇的，斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的：Todaywillbemostlyfineandsunny,withintermittentshowers．今天大部分時(shí)間天氣晴朗，有間斷陣雨。stoppingandstartingatintervals不時(shí)停下和開始；somethingthatwillhappensoon馬上將發(fā)生某事；anythingthatcomesandgoes來來往往的任何事情。

7.

Carefultestingisnecessarybeforeanymoreexperimentscancontinuewiththeexploringsubmarine.A.needfulB.inneedofC.necessityD.ofnecessity正確答案：D[解析]近義詞辨析

necessary必要的，必需的，必然的；而A．needful必要的，需要的；B．inneedof需要；C．necessity必要性，需要，必需品；D．ofnecessity必要性，需要，必需品；盡管幾個(gè)詞都有“必要”之意，但用法不同：benecessary是指某事(物)是必要的；needful主要指“必須的，需要的”，例：todowhatisneedful做必須做的事；有時(shí)它有necessary之意，如：needfulexpenditure必要的支出；inneedof指某人或某事由于處在困境而需要幫助、建議、金錢等，例：Thisprojectisinurgentneedoffunding．這個(gè)項(xiàng)目急需資金；necessity是名詞，表“必要性，必需品”，例：Waterisanecessityoflife．水是生命必不可少的(在此不定冠詞a不能省略)。Foodandclothingarenecessitiesoflife．食物和衣服都是生活的必需品。而beofnecessity的作用即是necessary；類似的用法有很多，如：beofimportance=beimportant；因此D為答案。

8.

Mychiefobjectiontothebookisthatthecharactersarestereotyped.A.lackinginindividualityB.incompleteC.poorlydrawnD.overdone正確答案：A[解析]詞義辨析

A．lackinginindividuality缺少個(gè)性；B．incomplete不完全的，不完善的；C．poorlydrawn刻畫得差勁的；D．overdone過火的，過于夸張的；而stereotyped用鉛版印刷的，套用老調(diào)的；因此A為答案。

9.

Itdisgustedhimwhenatheistsattackedreligion:hethoughttheywerevulgar.A.insultingB.base-mindedC.roughD.vicious正確答案：C[解析]本題中，vulgar的意思是“粗俗的，粗野的”。C項(xiàng)“rough粗魯?shù)?，粗野的”符合題意。其他三項(xiàng)“insulting侮辱的；base-minded低級(jí)思想的；vicious不道德的，惡毒的”都不正確。

10.

Sincetheenergycrisis,thesebigcarshavebecomearealliability.Theycosttoomuchtorun.A.lackofreliabilityB.substituteC.costlymeansoftransportD.disadvantage正確答案：D[解析]本題中，liability的意思是“責(zé)任，義務(wù)，傾向，債務(wù)，負(fù)債”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，disadvantage的意思是“缺點(diǎn)，不利條件”，如：Thewashingmachinehastwoseriousdisadvantages．(這臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)有兩個(gè)嚴(yán)重缺陷)。lackofreliability的意思是“缺乏可靠性”；substitute的意思是“代替品”；costlymeansoftransport的意思是“昂貴的交通方式”。只有D項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.

Afterlongtimeofhesitation,thewomangavefreeventtoherpent-upemotion.A.intenseB.writtenC.strongD.confined正確答案：D[解析]形容詞辨析

A．intense強(qiáng)烈的，劇烈的，熱切的；D．confined被限制的，狹窄的；而pent-up表示：幽閉的，被壓抑的；所以答案為D。

12.

IsitpossiblethattheentiretaleisbutagarbledaccountofthatvoyageandBiarnianothernameforLeif?A.detailedB.plausibleC.distortedD.eye-witness正確答案：C

13.

Althoughmanymodificationshavebeenmadeinit,thegameknownintheUnitedStatesasfootballcanbetraceddirectlytotheEnglishgameofrugby.A.rulesB.changesC.demandsD.leagues正確答案：B[解析]

名詞辨析。

modification更改，修改，修正：Thelaw，initspresentform，isunjust；itneedsmodification．現(xiàn)行的法律是不公正的；它需要修改。change改變，變化，轉(zhuǎn)變：achangeinfacialexpression面部表情的變化。rule規(guī)定，規(guī)則，慣例，統(tǒng)治：Theruleisthatsomeonemustbeondutyatalltimes．按照規(guī)定，任何時(shí)候均需有人值班。demand要求，需求，需要：grantedtheemployees'demands．滿足雇員的需求。league同盟，聯(lián)盟，社團(tuán)：Ourteamplaysinthefootballleague．我們隊(duì)在足球聯(lián)賽中參加比賽。

14.

Ifpeopleweren'tpreparedtoexperimentwithnewteachingmethod,thingwouldneverchange.A.campaignB.swerveC.endeavorD.manipulate正確答案：C[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析

experimentwith表：進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，做試驗(yàn)；A．campaign參加活動(dòng)，作戰(zhàn)；B．swerve突然轉(zhuǎn)向；C．endeavor盡力，努力，嘗試；D．manipulate(熟練地)操作，巧妙地處理；因此C為答案。

15.

Experimentshaveshownthat160decibelsofnoisearelethalforsmallfur-bearinganimals.A.protectiveB.deadlyC.harmfulD.deafening正確答案：B[解析]形容詞辨析

lethal表：致命的；而選項(xiàng)A．protective保護(hù)的，給與保護(hù)的；B．deadly致命的，勢(shì)不兩立的，極度的；C．harmful有害的，傷害的；D．deafening震耳欲聾的；因此B/為答案。

Part3CorrectingGrammaticalErrors1.

Uponcompletinghisexaminationoverthepatient,thedoctorofferedhisjudgmentofherconditions.A.ofB.offC.aboutD.around正確答案：A[解析]本題要表達(dá)的意思是“對(duì)病人的檢查”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有of可以表示對(duì)象或所屬關(guān)系。

2.

Someofthelow-endMade-in-Chinamechanical-electronicproductsarenotsellingwellinexportmarketascomparedwithwhataretermedashigh-endones.A.onexportmarketB.inexportingmarketC.inexportedmarketD.intheexportmarket正確答案：D[解析]冠詞應(yīng)用。

inthemarket“在市場(chǎng)上”，句子中多了一個(gè)名詞export修飾market因此，定冠詞應(yīng)保留。

3.

Ourprogramscomesecondtothefts.A.comesecondafterB.aresecondonlytoC.arefirstexceptforD.arefirstplacefrom正確答案：B[解析]secondonlyto僅次于：Iraq'soilreservesaresecondonlytoSaudiArabia．伊拉克的石油儲(chǔ)量?jī)H次于沙特阿拉伯。

4.

Withthechangeofredlights,therearelongqueuesofvehiclesthatwaitwhileafewpeoplewhowalkacrossthezebra.A.wait...walkB.waiting...walkingC.waiting...walkD.wait...walking正確答案：C[解析]本句是there+be+名詞詞組(+修飾語(yǔ))結(jié)構(gòu)；其中的名詞詞組是兩個(gè)并列的名詞詞組：longqueuesofvehicles和afewpeople，用并列連詞while連接；因此并列連詞連接的成分應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)相同，語(yǔ)法功能一致，因劃線部分都是前面名詞的修飾成分，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞從句，因表示主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行，因此應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式；所以B為答案。

5.

Idon'tdoubthowtheplanwillbewellreceived.A.thatB.whichC.ifD.whether正確答案：A[解析]習(xí)慣搭配。

doubt懷疑，不信，拿不準(zhǔn)。后按賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，如主句為肯定句用whether或if連接，如主句為疑問句和否定句時(shí)連詞that。Idon'tdoubtthathewillcomeontime．我肯定他會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)來。

6.

Itwasoneofthosedayswhenitlookedatfirstsomethinginterestingcouldhappen,butthenlater,whenyoudidn'texpectanything,almosteverythinghappened.A.nothingB.anythingC.everythingD.allthings正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境，可推斷出本句意為：就在那些日子里，開始看似不會(huì)有什么有趣的事發(fā)生，但后來當(dāng)你并不期待任何事會(huì)發(fā)生時(shí)，卻幾乎每種事情都發(fā)生了。[因?yàn)榍懊嫘杼钪~應(yīng)與后面所提的：not…anything語(yǔ)義一致]；因此答案為A。

7.

Whenshereturnedbackbyabroad,shetoldusallaboutherexperienceasanillegalimmigrant.A.byB.backC.fromD.backfrom正確答案：C[解析]returnfrom(=goback)返回：Shereturned(home)fromaholiday．她度假歸來。

8.

Whenhefailshisfinalexamination,heissureofauniversityplace.A.IfB.IncaseC.EvenwhenD.Evenif正確答案：D[解析]根據(jù)句意，劃線部分應(yīng)填一個(gè)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，而if如果(引導(dǎo)條件從句)，每當(dāng)……時(shí)(表因果關(guān)系)，即使(if當(dāng)此意講時(shí)，常用evenif)；如：IfIamwrong，youarewrongtoo．即使我錯(cuò)了，你也對(duì)不了。incase在……的情況下，萬(wàn)一……的話，如：Incaseanythingimportanthappens，pleasecallmeup．萬(wàn)一發(fā)生什么重要事情，請(qǐng)打電話給我。evenif即使，縱使(evenif的從句含有強(qiáng)烈的假定性)，如：Evenifheispoor，sheloveshim．即使他很窮，她還是愛他。所以答案為D。

9.

Scarecelyhadthevanturnedthecornerthanthemirrorcameoff.A.NomoreB.NosoonerC.NotanyD.Nolonger正確答案：B[解析]本句能與than搭配使用的選項(xiàng)只有A和B；而nomore...than意為“不過，僅僅，同……一樣不”與題意不符；只有選項(xiàng)B．nosooner...than(一……就)是正確答案。

10.

Theadvocates—mainlyfamilytherapydoctors—areapplyinganewapproachtoeverythingfrommarriageconflicttopsychosis.A.marginB.marineC.maritalD.martial正確答案：C[解析]marriage結(jié)婚，婚姻，婚姻生活(是名詞)；而A．margin頁(yè)邊的空白，(湖、池等的)邊緣，(時(shí)間、金額等的)富余；B．marine艦隊(duì)，海運(yùn)業(yè)；海(產(chǎn)、運(yùn))的；C．marital婚姻的；D．martial戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的，軍事的；因此C為答案。

11.

Hehadstudiedhard,hewouldhavebeenabletopasstheexam.A.HehadstudiedharderB.IfonlyhestudiedmoreC.HadhestudiedharderD.Whenhestudiedmore正確答案：C[解析]語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)用。

本句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句省略“if”，應(yīng)用倒裝語(yǔ)序。

12.

ComingattheTownHall,theQueenwaswelcomedbytheMayor.A.OnreachingB.OnarrivalC.AtarrivalD.Atreaching正確答案：B[解析]固定搭配

下列表示“抵達(dá)”之意的詞組只有選項(xiàng)B是正確的，是固定搭配；因此B為答案。

13.

There'snodoubtthatanyproposalwhichJackbedismissedmustberesisted.A.thatB.asC.whatD.inwhich正確答案：A[解析]本句考查的是同位語(yǔ)從句的用法；因?yàn)镴ackbedismissedmustberesisted在句中作proposal的同位語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用連接代詞that引導(dǎo)，它在從句中不做任何語(yǔ)法成分；因此A為答案。

14.

Japanandthenewlyindustrializedcountriesarepassinglabor-intensivesectsasgarment-makingovertolessdevelopednationsandmovingintoadvancedtechnologyandservices.A.sectslikeB.sectorslikeC.sectionsasD.sectionssuchas正確答案：B[解析]

名詞應(yīng)用。

sector部門(指一個(gè)部分或分支，如城市的或國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的)：themanufacturingsector生產(chǎn)部門。sect派別，宗派，(尤指)教派：aminorChristiansect基督教的一個(gè)小教派。section部分，零件，集體中的小團(tuán)體：Farmworkersmakeuponlyasmallsectionofthepopulation．農(nóng)民只占人口的一小部分。

15.

Thesedatawillbeofconsiderableuseforidentifyingandanalyzingenvironmentaldegradation,andthancraftingworkablesolutions.A./B.fromC.withD.to正確答案：A[解析]for引導(dǎo)了三個(gè)并列的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)：identifying，analyzingenvironmentaldegradation以及craftingworkablesolutions(構(gòu)思可行的解決辦法)；因此A為答案。

ⅡReadingComprehension

ToErrisHuman

byLewisThomas

Everyonemusthavehadatleastonepersonalexperiencewithacomputererrorbythistime.Bankbalancesaresuddenlyreportedtohavejumpedfrom$379intothemillions,appealsforcharitablecontributionsaremailedoverandovertopeoplewithcrazysoundingnamesatyouraddress,departmentstoressendthewrongbills,utilitycompanieswritethatthey'returningeverythingoff,thatsortofthing.Ifyoumanagetogetintouchwithsomeoneandcomplain,youthengetinstantaneouslytyped,guiltylettersfromthesamecomputer,saying,"Ourcomputerwasinerror,andanadjustmentisbeingmadeinyouraccount."

Thesearesupposedtobethesheerest,blindestaccidents.Mistakesarenotbelievedtobethenormalbehaviorofagoodmachine.Ifthingsgowrong,itmustbeapersonal,humanerror,theresultoffingering,tamperingabuttongettingstuck,someonehittingthewrongkey.Thecomputer,atitsnormalbest,isinfallible.

Iwonderwhetherthiscanbetrue.Afterall,thewholepointofcomputersisthattheyrepresentanextensionofthehumanbrain,vastlyimproveduponbutnonethelesshuman,superhumanmaybe.Agoodcomputercanthinkclearlyandquicklyenoughtobeatyouatchess,andsomeofthemhaveevenbeenprogrammedtowriteobscureverse.Theycandoanythingwecando,andmorebesides.

Itisnotyetknownwhetheracomputerhasitsownconsciousness,anditwouldbehardtofindoutaboutthis.Whenyouwalkintooneofthosegreathallsnowbuiltforthehugemachines,andstandinglistening,itiseasytoimaginethatthefaint,distantnoisesarethesoundofthinking,andtheturningofthespoolsgivesthemthelookofwildcreaturesrollingtheireyesintheefforttoconcentrate,chokingwithinformation.Butrealthinking,anddreaming,areothermatters.Ontheotherhand,theevidenceofsomethinglikeanunconscious,equivalenttoours,areallaround,ineverymail.Asextensionsofthehumanbrain,theyhavebeenconstructedthesamepropertyoferror,spontaneous,uncontrolled,andrichinpossibilities.1.

Thetitleofthewriting"ToErrisHuman"impliesthat______.A.makingmistakesisconfinedonlytohumanbeingsB.everyhumanbeingcannotavoidmakingmistakesC.allhumanbeingsarealwaysmakingmistakesD.everyhumanbeingisborntomakebadmistakes正確答案：B

2.

Thefirstparagraphimpliesthat______.A.computererrorsaresoobviousthatonecanhardlypreventitfromhappeningB.thecomputerissocapableofmakingerrorsthatnoneofthemisavoidableC.computersmakesucherrorsasmiscalculationandinaccuratereportingD.Computerscan'tthinksotheirerrorsarenaturalandunavoidable正確答案：A

3.

Theauthoruseshishypothesisthat"computersrepresentsanextensionofthehumanbrain"inordertoindicatethat______.A.humanbeingsarenotinfallible,norarecomputersB.computersareboundtomakeasmanyerrorsashumanbeingsC.errorsmadebycomputerscanbeavoidedthesameashumanmistakescanbeavoidedD.computersaxemadebyhumanbeingsandsoaretheirerrors正確答案：A

4.

Therhetorictheauthoremployedinwritingthethirdparagraph,especiallythesentence"Agoodcomputercanthinkclearlyandquicklyenoughtobeatyouatchess..."isusuallyreferredtoinwritingas______.A.climaxB.personificationC.hyperboleD.onomatopoeia正確答案：B

5.

Theauthorcomparedthefaintanddistantsoundofthecomputertothesoundofthinkingandregardeditastheproductof______.A.dreamingandthinkingB.somepropertyoferrorsC.consciousnessD.possibilities正確答案：C

Thesuntodayisayellowdwarfstar.Itisfueledbythermonuclearreactionsnearitscenterthatconverthydrogentohelium.Thesunhasexistedinitspresentstateforabout4billion,600millionyearsandisthousandsoftimeslargerthantheEarth.

Bystudyingotherstars,astronomerscanpredictwhattherestofthesun'slifewillbelike.About5billionyearsfromnow,thecoreofthesunwillshrinkandbecomehotter.Thesurfacetemperaturewillfail.Thehighertemperatureofthecenterwillincreasetherateofthermonuclearreactions.Theouterregionsofthesunwillexpandapproximately35millionmiles,aboutthedistancetomercury,whichistheclosestplanettothesun.Thesunwillthenbearedgiantstar.Temperaturesontheearthwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist.

Oncethesunhasusedupitsthermonuclearenergyasaredgiant,itwillbegintoshrink.Afteritshrinkstothesizeoftheearth,itwillbecomeawhitedwarfstar.Thesunmaythrowoffhugeamountsofgasesinviolenteruptionscallednovaexplosionsasitchangesfromaredgianttoawhitedwarf.

Afterbillionsofyearsasawhitedwarf,theSunwillhaveusedupallitsfuelandwillhavelostitsheat.Suchastariscalledablackdwarf.AftertheSunhasbecomeablackdwarf,theearthwillbedarkandcold.Ifanyatmosphereremainsthere,itwillhavefrozenontotheearth'ssurface.6.

Whatistheprimarypurposeofthispassage?A.Toalertpeopletothedangersposedbythesun.B.Todiscussconditionsonearthinthefarfuture.C.Topresentatheoryaboutredgiantstars.D.Todescribechangesthatthesunwillgothrough.正確答案：D[解析]主旨題型

本文主要談?wù)摿耍喝缃竦奶?yáng)是個(gè)黃色的矮星，由靠近它中心的高熱原子核反應(yīng)將氫轉(zhuǎn)化為氦來提供燃料?！煳膶W(xué)家通過研究其它星球，能夠預(yù)測(cè)太陽(yáng)的余生/未來會(huì)是什么樣子。距今大約五十億年后，太陽(yáng)的核會(huì)縮小并且會(huì)變得更熱，而太陽(yáng)表面的溫度會(huì)降低……然后太陽(yáng)將會(huì)成為一個(gè)紅色的巨星。地球上的溫度會(huì)變得過熱，以至沒有生命能夠存活。

一旦太陽(yáng)耗盡了紅色巨星的高熱原子核反應(yīng)的能量，它會(huì)開始縮?。坏人s小到地球的大小時(shí)，它將會(huì)變成個(gè)白色的矮星；當(dāng)它從一個(gè)紅色巨星變成一個(gè)白色矮星時(shí)，太陽(yáng)會(huì)以劇烈噴發(fā)的形式釋放大量的被稱之為“新星爆發(fā)”的氣體。在變成白色矮星的幾十億年后，太陽(yáng)會(huì)耗盡它所有的燃料，熱度消失；這樣的一個(gè)星被稱之為黑色矮星……由此得知本文的主要目的是談?wù)撎?yáng)所要經(jīng)歷的變化，因此D為答案。

7.

Theword"fueled"underlinedinParagraph1mostprobablymeans______.A.poweredB.bombardedC.createdD.pushed正確答案：A[解析]詞義題型

A．powered產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力；B．bombarded炮轟，轟擊；C．created創(chuàng)造；D．pushed推動(dòng)；參照注釋51。太陽(yáng)由靠近它中心的高熱原子核反應(yīng)將氫轉(zhuǎn)化為氦來……因此A為答案。

8.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthesun______.A.isapproximatelyhalfwaythroughitslifeasayellowdwarfB.hasbeeninexistencefor10billionyearsC.israpidlychanginginsizeandbrightnessD.willcontinueasayellowdwarfforanother10billionyears正確答案：A[解析]推斷題型

從文章第二段第一句得知，天文學(xué)家通過研究其它星球，能夠預(yù)測(cè)太陽(yáng)的余生/未來會(huì)是什么樣子。文章沒有談及太陽(yáng)已存在了多少年，選項(xiàng)B不對(duì)；盡管文章談了太陽(yáng)所要經(jīng)歷的變化，但這一過程是極其緩慢的，選項(xiàng)C也不對(duì)；文章第二段提到：距今大約五十億年后，太陽(yáng)的核會(huì)縮小并且會(huì)變得更熱，而太陽(yáng)表面的溫度會(huì)降低，然后太陽(yáng)將會(huì)成為一個(gè)紅色的巨星，因此選項(xiàng)D也不對(duì)；所以A為答案。

9.

Whatwillprobablybethefirststageofchangeasthesunbecomesaredgiant?A.Itscorewillcooloffanduselessfuel.B.Itssurfacewillbecomehotterandshrink.C.Itwilluseupitsthermonuclearenergy.D.Itscenterwillgrowsmallerandhotter.正確答案：D[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型

見第二段第二句并參照注釋51：距今大約五十億年后，太陽(yáng)的核會(huì)縮小并且會(huì)變得更熱，而太陽(yáng)表面的溫度會(huì)降低，然后太陽(yáng)將會(huì)成為一個(gè)紅色的巨星；因此D為答案。

10.

Whenthesunbecomesaredgiant,whatwillconditionsbelikeonEarth?A.Itsatmospherewillfreezeandbecomesolid.B.Itwillbeenvelopedintheexpandingsurfaceofthesun.C.Itwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist.D.Itwillbenearlydestroyedbynovaexplosions.正確答案：C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型

見第二段最后一句TemperaturesontheEarthwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist．(地球上的溫度會(huì)變得過熱，以至沒有生命能夠存活。)C為答案。

11.

Asawhitedwarf,thesunwillbe______.A.thesamesizeastheplanetMercuryB.thousandsoftimessmallerthanitistodayC.around35millionmilesindiameterD.coldanddark正確答案：B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型

見第三段第一、二句：一旦太陽(yáng)用盡了它作為一個(gè)紅色巨星的熱核能，它就開始縮??；等它縮小到地球的大小時(shí)就會(huì)變成一個(gè)白色的矮星。所以B為答案。

12.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthesequenceofstagesthatthesunwillprobablypassthrough?A.Yellowdwarf,whitedwarf,redgiant,blackgiant.B.Redgiant,whitedwarf,reddwarf,novaexplosion.C.Yellowdwarf,redgiant,whitedwarf,blackdwarf.D.Whitedwarf,redgiant,blackdwarf,yellowdwarf.正確答案：C[解析]是非題型

通讀全文，可得出結(jié)論：太陽(yáng)的演變過程是Yellowdwarf，redgiant，whitedwarf；blackdwarf，所以C為答案。

13.

Thephrase"throwoff"underlinedinParagraph3mostprobablymeans______.A.ejectB.burnupC.convertD.letin正確答案：A[解析]詞義題型

見第三段最后一句：當(dāng)太陽(yáng)從一個(gè)紅色巨星變成一個(gè)白矮星時(shí)，它會(huì)以猛烈噴發(fā)的形式______大量的氣體，這被稱之為新星爆發(fā)。而A．eject逐出，噴射；B．bumup燒掉，發(fā)怒；C．convert使轉(zhuǎn)變；D．letin放進(jìn)，允許……進(jìn)入；因此A為答案。

14.

Theword"there"underlinedinParagraph4refersto______.A.ourownplanetB.theoutersurfaceofthesunC.thecoreofablackdwarfD.theplanetmercury正確答案：A[解析]詞義題型

見最后一段最后兩句：最后一句中的there指的是上一句的主語(yǔ)theEarth，因此答案為A。

15.

Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetoneofthepassage?A.Alarmed.B.Pessimistic.C.Comic.D.Objective.正確答案：D[解析]態(tài)度題型

作者在敘述本文時(shí)直截了當(dāng)，也沒摻雜個(gè)人的情感，就事論事；因此答案為D。

CongressmakesthelawsintheUnitedStates.Ithastwoparts,whicharemoreorlessequalinpower.TheyareknownastheHouseofRepresentativesandtheSenate.TheHouseofRepresentativesislargerthantheSenatewhose100members(twofromeachstate)serveforsixyears.The435membersoftheHouseareelectedeverytwoyears,andthenumberfromeachstateisdeterminedbythepopulationofthestate.Forexample,California,whichhasalargepopulation,has43representatives,whiletheStateofNevadahasonlyone.

TheHouseandSenatearedividedintosmallgroupswhichtakecareofspecialmatterssuchaseducationorforeignaffairs.ThemostimportantworkofCongressisoftendoneinthesegroups,whicharecalledsubcommittees.

AccordingtotheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates,asenatormustbeatleast30yearsoldandhemusthavebeenacitizenoftheUnitedStatesfornineyearsatthetimeofhiselection.TobeelectedtotheHouseapersonmustbe25yearsoldandmusthavebeenaUnitedStatescitizenforsevenyears.Atthepresenttime,membersofCongressincludebusinessmen,farmers,teachers,andespeciallylawyers.Ingeneral,senatorsarebetterknownthanrepresentativesbecausetheyarefewerinnumberandserveforalongertime.ManyAmericanpresidentsservedinCongressbeforetheybecamepresident.16.

IntheU.S.Congress,theHouseofRepresentativesandtheSenateare______.A.notequal.TheHouseismorepowerfulB.almostequalinpowerC.notequal.TheSenateisfarmorepowerfulD.different.TheHouseismoreimportant正確答案：B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型。

從第一段第二、三句話Ithastwoparts，whicharemoreorlessequalinpower．TheyareknownastheHouseofRepresentativesandtheSenate．可知正確答案是B項(xiàng)。

17.

ThemembersoftheSenateareelectedfor______years.A.twoB.threeC.fourD.six正確答案：D[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型。

第一段第四句中的…theSenatewhose100members(twofromeachstate)serveforsixyears．已提到是六年。

18.

ThenumberofthemembersintheHousefromeachstate______.A.isfixed,twofromeachstateB.dependsonhowmanypeoplethestatehasC.dependsonthesizeofthestateD.dependsonthelocationofthestate正確答案：B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型。

答案出自第一段第五句…thenumberfromeachstateisdeterminedbythepopulationofthestate．

19.

TobeelectedtotheSenateapersonmust______.A.beatleast25yearsoldB.beatleast30yearsoldC.havebeenacitizenforsevenyearsD.bealawyer正確答案：B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型。

參看第三段第一句話…asenatormustbeatleast30yearsold。

20.

Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Arepresentativeservesfortwoyears.B.Tobecomeasenatoriseasierthantobecomearepres