2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit6Atonewithnature第2課時(shí)Usinglanguage學(xué)案含解析外研版必修第一冊

PAGEUnit6Atonewithnature其次課時(shí)UsinglanguageⅠ.詞匯初探1．replace(v.)以……替換，更換2．material(n.)材料3．mineral(n.)礦物，礦產(chǎn)4．consumer(n.)消費(fèi)者5．priority(n.)優(yōu)先處理的事，當(dāng)務(wù)之急6．beauty(n.)美，漂亮→beautiful(adj.)漂亮的7．barrier(n.)障礙，壁壘8．structure(n.)結(jié)構(gòu)，構(gòu)造→structural(adj.)結(jié)構(gòu)上的，構(gòu)架上的，建筑的9．living(adj.)活著，活著的10．basin(n.)盆地，低凹地11．grand(adj.)雄偉的，壯美的12．valley(n.)谷，山谷13．narrow(adj.)狹窄的，不寬的14．platform(n.)高臺，平臺15．thunder(v.)打雷，發(fā)出轟隆隆的響聲16．channel(n.)海峽17．camel(n.)駱駝18．desert(n.)沙漠19．sail(v.)(乘船)航行20．climate(n.)氣候21．inside(adv.)在(建筑物、房間)內(nèi)Ⅱ.短語互譯1．separate...from...把……分開2．join...to...把……連接起來3．be_famous_for以……著名4．dryinghouses烘干房5．soundlike聽起來像Ⅲ.語法回顧1．TheseterraceswerebuiltbythelocalZhuangandYaopeople,to_whomGuangxiishome.2．Buildingtheterracesthereforemeantthattheycouldincreasetheareasin_whichtheycouldgrowrice.3．Butperhapswhatismostsignificantisthewayin_whichpeoplehaveworkedinharmonywith...4．Thisformscloudsfrom_whichrainfallsdownontothemountainterracesonceagain.5．Theseterracesalsoprovideaperfectenvironmentforbirdsandfish,some_of_whichfeedoninsectsthatcanharmthericecrops.6．Althoughmoderntechnologycouldhelpproducemorecrops,thericegrowersarepeoplefor_whomtraditionsholdmuchvalue.1eq\a\vs4\al(replace)(1)vt.取代；替換；代替Soeventheolivewreathhasbeenreplaced!就連橄欖枝花環(huán)都被取代了！(2)vt.放回Shereplacedthebooksontheshelves.她把書放回架子上。[歸納拓展]replacesth.＝taketheplaceofsth.代替……replacesb./sth.with/by...用……替換……replace...as...取代……而成為……Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofentertainment.反對電視的另一種論點(diǎn)是，它作為一種消遣形式代替了閱讀。[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①Teacherswillneverbe_replaced_by/withcomputersintheclassroom.課堂上電腦恒久不會取代老師。②Shereplaced_him_asourEnglishteacher.她取代他成為我們的英語老師。在下列句中填入恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~③We'vereplacedtheoldmachinewith/byacomputer.④Icannotreplaceyouasherassistant.依據(jù)A句完成B句⑤A：SinceTomisabsent,whowilltaketheplaceofhim?B：SinceTomisabsent,whowillreplace_him?2eq\a\vs4\al(desertn.沙漠，荒漠)Fewkindsofplantsgrowinthedesert.僅有幾種植物在沙漠上生長。[歸納拓展]desertvt.拋棄，遺棄adj.沙漠的，荒蕪的①Helenwasdesertedbyherhusband.海倫被她丈夫拋棄了。②Onepersoncanliveonadesertislandwithoutbeingdisturbed.一個(gè)人生活在荒島上就不會被打攪。[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①M(fèi)anyoftheparty'straditionalvotersdeserted_it_at_the_last_election.這個(gè)黨的很多傳統(tǒng)支持者在上一次選舉中拋棄了它。單句語法填空②AfarmerfamilyinDongYangwereastonishedbytheastonishingfactthataboybabywas_deserted(desert)ontheroadtotheirfields.解析：句意：一個(gè)男嬰被遺棄在東陽一農(nóng)戶家到田地的路上，這個(gè)令人震驚的事實(shí)讓這家人感到很驚異。依據(jù)句意可知“遺棄”的動作發(fā)生在過去，并且應(yīng)當(dāng)用被動語態(tài)。join...to...把……和……連接起來Youshouldneverjoinanelectricwiretoawaterpipe.你千萬不要把電線連接在水管上。[易混辨析](1)join指的是任何事物的干脆連接，連接的程度可緊可松，含有“還能分開”之意，常用結(jié)構(gòu)join...to，joinup。(2)connect指的是通過某種媒介把事物連接起來，事物的特征還保持著，常表示與技術(shù)有關(guān)的連接以及火車、飛機(jī)等實(shí)行聯(lián)運(yùn)，常用結(jié)構(gòu)connect...with/to。(3)combine著重指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或事物為了共同的目的而結(jié)合在一起，結(jié)合后原來的部分可能仍不變更，但也可能失去其本性，常用結(jié)構(gòu)combine...with。[即時(shí)鞏固]用join，connect或combine的適當(dāng)形式填空①Pleasejointhispoletothatone.②ThisflightconnectswiththeNewYorkone.③Weshouldcombinetheorywithpractice.eq\o(\s\up1(1),\s\do5())LocatedoffthecoastofAustralia，theGreatBarrierReefisthebiggeststructuremadebylivingorganisms.位于澳大利亞沿海，大堡礁是由活的生物制造的最大的結(jié)構(gòu)。[句式分析]LocatedintheCoralSea是過去分詞作狀語表示緣由相當(dāng)于BecauseitislocatedintheCoralSea。①Tiredbythetrip,hesoonfellasleep.＝Becausehewastiredbythetrip,hesoonfellasleep.由于旅途勞累，他很快就入睡了。②Lostinthought,healmostranintoacar.＝Ashewaslostinthought,healmostranintoacar.由于陷入深思，他幾乎撞到了一輛汽車。[歸納拓展]過去分詞(短語)作狀語還可表示時(shí)間、讓步、條件、方式和伴隨狀況。在過去分詞前，可帶有從屬連詞when,until,if,unless,though,as,asif等。①Borninapoorfamily,Nadiahadonlytwoyearsofschooling.(表緣由)由于誕生于貧寒家庭，納迪亞只上過兩年學(xué)。②Whenaskedherfutureplans,thegirlsaidthatshewantedtobeateacher.(表時(shí)間)當(dāng)問到將來的安排時(shí)，這個(gè)女孩說她想成為一名老師。③Somemedicines,ifwronglytaken,cankillaperson.(表?xiàng)l件)當(dāng)誤服時(shí)，有些藥可以要人命。④Encouragedbyhisparents,hestillhasnoconfidenceinovercomingthedifficulties.(表讓步)盡管受到了父母的激勵(lì)，但他仍舊沒有信念克服困難。⑤I'mreturningyoutheletterasrequested.(表方式)我按要求把信退給你。⑥Marycamein,followedbyherdog.(表伴隨)瑪麗走進(jìn)來，她的狗跟在后面。[即時(shí)鞏固]單句語法填空①Inspired(inspire)byaworldwidebest-seller,thefilmLifeofPiitselfisavictoryoveritsdifficulties.解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：受到一本世界暢銷小說的啟發(fā)而拍攝的電影《少年派的奇幻漂流》本身就是戰(zhàn)勝多數(shù)困難后的一次成功。inspire和邏輯主語thefilm之間是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動。②Absorbed(absorb)inhisnewstroybook,littleTomdidn'thearhismothercallhim.解析：考查非謂語動詞。beabsorbedin“用心于”。Tom與absorb之間存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，而由句意“小湯姆用心讀新買的故事書，因此他沒聽到母親叫他?！笨芍颂幈砭売?，故填A(yù)bsorbed。eq\o(\s\up1(2),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Thelocalpeoplecallit“thesmokethatthunders”.,當(dāng)?shù)厝朔Q它為“打雷的煙”。)[句式分析]call意為“把……叫作”，用法為“call＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”。①Weallcallthelittleboybaby.我們都稱這小男孩珍寶。②Whatwouldyouliketocallthedog?你想叫這條狗什么？③(北京高考)Morerecently,thefoundationbegananothercampaigncalledNationalRedScarfDay—adaywhenpeopledonate$20andwearredscarvesinsupportofCanada'shungryandhomeless.最近，這個(gè)基金會起先了另一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動被叫作全國紅圍巾日——這一天人們捐獻(xiàn)20美元，戴著紅圍巾來支持加拿大饑餓的和無家可歸的人。[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①Tomakemoney，farmersheregrowwhat_is_called_peanuts.為了掙錢，這里的農(nóng)夫種植被稱為花生的作物。②Theshopmainlysellswhat_is_called_sports_clothes.這家商店主要賣被稱為運(yùn)動服的服飾。介詞＋which和whom的用法Ⅰ.介詞＋which/whom的用法1．關(guān)系代詞whom，which在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)，可以跟介詞一起放在主句和從句之間，為了使關(guān)系代詞緊跟它所修飾的先行詞，也可以把介詞放在從句中有關(guān)動詞的后面。Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.＝Thisistheroomwhichwelivedinlastyear.2．定語從句中“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的關(guān)系代詞指人用whom，指物用which。駕馭這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)鍵在于介詞的選擇。(1)看定語從句中動詞與介詞的搭配。Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.ThepersontowhomIspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.(2)看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配。HereferredmetosomereferencebookswithwhichIamnotveryfamiliar.ThetwothingsaboutwhichMarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.(3)依據(jù)先行詞推斷，所用的介詞與先行詞搭配。Thisisourclassroom,inthefrontofwhichthereisateacher'sdesk.Thepenwithwhichhewaswritingbroke.(4)表示“全部關(guān)系”或“整體中的部分”時(shí)，用介詞of。Hehasthreeuncles,allofwhomaredoctors.ThestoriesabouttheLongMarch,of_whichthisisoneexample,arewellwritten.(5)“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的關(guān)系代詞不能用that。當(dāng)把介詞放在從句有關(guān)詞的后面時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可用that，也可省略。Theearth(that/which)weliveonisabigball.Who'stheman(whom/that)youjustshookhandswith?(6)含有介詞的動詞短語一般不拆開，介詞仍放在動詞的后面，因此不能運(yùn)用“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。Isthisthewatchwhichhewaslookingfor？(不能說成Isthisthewatchforwhichhewaslooking？)Thisisthebaby(whom/that)mygrandmatakescareof.(不能說成Thisisthebabyofwhommygrandmatakescare.)單句語法填空①Thisisthechairon_whichIsatjustnow.②Thewomanwith_whomIwentismyaunt.Ⅱ.關(guān)系副詞與“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”的轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系副詞when,where和why代替與其相應(yīng)的先行詞，在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和緣由狀語。這三個(gè)關(guān)系副詞在意義上相當(dāng)于“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”。句中的when,where和why依據(jù)須要可用“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞which”來替代。Thisistheroomwhere(＝inwhich)welivedlastyear.Iwon'tforgetthedayswhen(＝inwhich)Istayedwithyou.Thatisthereasonwhy(＝forwhich)hedislikesme.[即時(shí)鞏固]單句語法填空①Thiswasatimewhen(＝during_which)therewerestillslavesintheUSA.②Thehousewhere(＝in_which)LuXunoncelivedhasbecomeaplaceofinterest.③Thereasonwhy(＝for_which)hewaslateisthatthecarbrokedownontheway.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1．Thedocumentsfor_whichtheyweresearchinghavebeenrecovered.解析：考查定語從句中的關(guān)系詞。searchforsth.找尋某物，在定語從句中缺少forsth.，因此用forwhich。2．Shelikestousewordsof_whichthemeaningiscleartohim.解析：考查定語從句。先行詞為words，themeaningofthewords這些單詞的意思，缺少了ofsth.因此應(yīng)當(dāng)用ofwhich。3．Theartistto_whomtheheadmastergaveaprizeistheteacherby_whomIhavebeentaughtfortwoyears.解析：考查定語從句。givesth.tosb.給某人某物，在定語從句中缺少tosb.，故第一個(gè)空填towhom；其次個(gè)空由句意可知“我被這位老師教了兩年”，故用bywhom。4．Thisisthemodernhotelwhere/in_whichthevisi