專(zhuān)題34 八省聯(lián)考閱讀微技能之說(shuō)明文選標(biāo)題（滿分攻略+八省名校模擬）

專(zhuān)題34八省聯(lián)考閱讀微技能之說(shuō)明文選標(biāo)題（滿分攻略+真題演練+八省名校模擬）解析版（山西、河南、陜西、內(nèi)蒙古、四川、云南、寧夏、青海）技能專(zhuān)區(qū)：沖刺備考名師提醒，提供高效提分干貨，幫你舉一反三提分說(shuō)明文標(biāo)題錯(cuò)誤三大特征1.范圍太寬泛：選項(xiàng)太過(guò)于寬泛，與文章內(nèi)容相距甚遠(yuǎn)。2.范圍太具體：選項(xiàng)死扣文章某一細(xì)節(jié)不適合用于標(biāo)題。3.范圍太偏頗：選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容過(guò)于偏頗，明顯偏離文章主旨。說(shuō)明文選標(biāo)題三大方法1.主題段法標(biāo)題段一般在文章的第一段和最后一段，一般來(lái)說(shuō)第一段經(jīng)常提出文章的主題或最后一段總結(jié)文章的主題，知道了文章的主題也就知道了文章的中心，把中心概括成一句話或一個(gè)短語(yǔ)即是文章的標(biāo)題。2.主題句法解題的關(guān)鍵要抓住每段的首尾句，要注意貫穿文章始終的詞語(yǔ)。通過(guò)尋找文章的主題句，并對(duì)主題句進(jìn)行概括和提煉，從而確定文章的標(biāo)題。2.關(guān)鍵詞法任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個(gè)主題展開(kāi)的，因此有的文章中最明顯的特點(diǎn)之一是有一個(gè)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的中心詞，即關(guān)鍵詞，也叫做主題詞。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。說(shuō)明文選標(biāo)題三大策略1.正面肯定法在理解文章主旨的基礎(chǔ)上，揣摩哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)能準(zhǔn)確概括主旨。2.反面否定法撇開(kāi)原文，拿各個(gè)備選項(xiàng)去嘗試用它們寫(xiě)出來(lái)的“文章”將是什么內(nèi)容，然后和原文對(duì)照，一一排除荒謬者。3.排除干擾法研究干擾項(xiàng)里面的中心詞、修飾詞的變化、結(jié)構(gòu)、新奇性、概括性等。文章的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該新穎奇特，易激發(fā)讀者的好奇心，吸引讀者注意力。真題專(zhuān)區(qū)：研讀高考真題，洞悉高考命題規(guī)律，探尋滿分技巧和應(yīng)試思維！(2024全國(guó)甲卷第27題)Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(聲音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.Butcatsarespecialcreatureswhopossessamazingvocalizationskills.Theyareabletohaveentireconversationswithhumansusingmeowsandyou'reabletointerpretit.Ifapetcatishungry,itwillkeepmeowingtoattractattentionandfindfood.However,whenacatislookingforaffection,theytendtoproducestretchedandsoftmeows.Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother'sattentionandbefed.Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywillsniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplacetorelax.However,anotherwaythecatsareabletodistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.That'swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon'tusuallylike.Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat'sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators(食肉動(dòng)物).Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!24.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcats'meowingfromthefirstparagraph?A.It'sasurvivalskill. B.It'staughtbymothercats.C.It'shardtointerpret. D.It'sgettinglouderwithage.25.Howdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituations?A.Bylisteningforsounds. B.Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.C.Bycheckingonsmells. D.Bycommunicatingwithothercats.26.Whichbestexplainsthephrase"take...upnotch"inparagraph3?A.Performappropriately. B.Movefaster. C.Actstrangely. D.Dobetter.27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TipsonFindingaSmartCat B.UnderstandingYourCat'sBehaviorC.HaveFunwithYourCat D.HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了貓通過(guò)叫聲、嗅覺(jué)和帶回禮物來(lái)表達(dá)需求、評(píng)估環(huán)境和展示愛(ài)意。24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(聲音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.(動(dòng)物可以用很多方式來(lái)表達(dá)他們的需求。例如，幾乎所有的動(dòng)物都有獨(dú)特的聲音，它們依靠這些聲音來(lái)尋求幫助，嚇跑危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物或?qū)ふ冶幼o(hù)。)”和“Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother’sattentionandbefed.(貓寶寶一出生就開(kāi)始喵喵叫，喵喵叫是為了引起媽媽的注意和被喂食。)”可知，貓叫聲是一種生存技能。故選A。25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.(貓有許多敏銳的感官，但它們的嗅覺(jué)令人印象深刻。它們用鼻子來(lái)評(píng)估周?chē)沫h(huán)境，尋找任何危險(xiǎn)的跡象。)”可知，寵物貓通過(guò)檢查氣味來(lái)評(píng)估不同情況。故選C。26.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞前半句“Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,(狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取習(xí)慣而聞名)”和后句“Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.(許多貓會(huì)在外面隨意找到一些東西，并把它們帶給主人。)”可知，狗以取回東西而聞名，但貓可以從外邊找到東西帶回來(lái)，因此在這一行為上更上一層樓。短語(yǔ)take...upanotch是用來(lái)形容貓?jiān)趲Щ貣|西這一行為上做得更好或更出色。故選D。27.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.(動(dòng)物可以用很多方式來(lái)表達(dá)他們的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介紹和解釋貓的各種行為方式，包括叫聲、嗅覺(jué)和帶回禮物的習(xí)慣，以及這些行為背后的原因和意義。所以“UnderstandingYourCat’sBehavior(了解你的貓的行為)”作文文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。(2020浙江7月卷第30題)Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage,astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andassessedthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.Then,foreightyears,thescientistsaskedthesamegrouptocomebacktothelabevery18monthstotakethesamesortsoftests.Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating(刺激),demandingjobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.Andtheytendedtolosecognitive(認(rèn)知)functionatamuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentallychallengingjobs.Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants’overallhealthstatus.“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise,”saysFranciscaThen,wholedthestudy.“Afteralongrun,youmayfeellikeyou’reinpain,youmayfeeltired.Butitmakesyoufit.Afteralongdayatwork-sure,youwillfeeltired,butitcanhelpyourbrainstayhealthy.”It'snotjustcorporatejobs,orevenpaidworkthatcanhelpkeepyourbrainfit,Thenpointsout.Awaiter’sjob,forexample,thatrequiresmultitasking,teamworkanddecision-makingcouldbejustasstimulatingasanyhigh-levelofficework.And“runningafamilyhouseholdrequireshigh-levelplanningandcoordinating(協(xié)調(diào)),”shesays.“Youhavetoorganizetheactivitiesofthechildrenandtakecareofthebillsandgroceries.”O(jiān)fcourse,ourbrainscandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasons-includingotherenvironmentalinfluencesorgeneticfactors.Still,continuingtochallengeyourselfmentallyandkeepingyourmindbusycanonlyhelp.28.Whydidthescientistsaskthevolunteerstotakethetests?A.Toassesstheirhealthstatus.B.Toevaluatetheirworkhabits.C.Toanalyzetheirpersonality. D.Tomeasuretheirmentalability.29.HowdoesFranciscaThenexplainherfindingsinparagraph4?A.Byusinganexpert’swords. B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Byreferringtoanotherstudy. D.Byintroducingaconcept.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.RetiredWorkersCanPickUpNewSkillsB.OldPeopleShouldTakeChallengingJobsC.YourToughJobMightHelpKeepYouSharpD.CognitiveFunctionMayDeclineAsYouAge28-30DBC【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文?！渡窠?jīng)病學(xué)》雜志發(fā)布的一則研究顯示，需要大量的分析思考、細(xì)致規(guī)劃和其他管理技能有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作，有可能會(huì)幫助你的大腦隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而保持敏銳。28.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andassessedthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.(來(lái)自德國(guó)萊比錫大學(xué)的研究人員召集了1000多名75歲以上的退休老人，并通過(guò)一系列的測(cè)試對(duì)他們的記憶力和思維能力進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。)”可知，科學(xué)家讓志愿者做測(cè)試是為了測(cè)試他們的心智能力。故選29.B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中FranciscaThen說(shuō)的話“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise,(這就像體育鍛煉一樣有效。)”及接下來(lái)進(jìn)一步的解釋“長(zhǎng)跑后人就會(huì)感到痛苦和疲憊，但它確實(shí)能強(qiáng)身健體。工作一天下來(lái)會(huì)感到勞累，但這也使你的大腦處于健康狀態(tài)”可知，F(xiàn)ranciscaThen是通過(guò)與“身體鍛煉”作比較來(lái)解釋他的發(fā)現(xiàn)的。30.C。主旨大意題。第一段“Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage(需要大量的分析思考、細(xì)致規(guī)劃和其他管理技能有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作，有可能會(huì)幫助你的大腦隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而保持敏銳。)”是本文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作可能會(huì)使大腦保持敏捷，所以C項(xiàng)“困難的工作可能有助于大腦保持敏捷”適合作本文標(biāo)題。(2020全國(guó)I卷第35題)Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother，employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurtherchangingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.“We’rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,”explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsgrow(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano’steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight，aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreeintoself-poweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff＂switch＂wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(電源)—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway-alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(傳輸).Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants. B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces. D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.33.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineer?A.Todetectplants’lackofwater. B.Tochangecompositionsofplants.C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger. D.Totestchemicalsinplants.34.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了綠色植物對(duì)人們很有好處，因此麻省理工學(xué)院的工程師開(kāi)發(fā)了一種發(fā)光植物。文章介紹了他們發(fā)明這種植物的過(guò)程，以及這種植物的一些優(yōu)勢(shì)，指出在未來(lái)發(fā)光植物有可能取代路燈，達(dá)到節(jié)約能源的作用。32.D。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.可知例如，在俄亥俄州揚(yáng)斯敦進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，城市綠化較好的地區(qū)犯罪率較低。在另一項(xiàng)研究中，當(dāng)員工的工作場(chǎng)所被室內(nèi)植物裝飾時(shí)，他們的工作效率會(huì)提高15%。由此可知，第一段的主旨是關(guān)于綠色植物的益處。33.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.可知這就包括葉子上印有傳感器來(lái)顯示植物缺水的情況的植物，還有一種植物可以檢測(cè)到地下水中的有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)。由此可知，麻省理工學(xué)院工程師植物葉片上印上傳感器的作用是檢測(cè)植物缺水的情況。34.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.可知發(fā)光的植物可以縮短這段距離，從而幫助節(jié)約能源。由此可知，這種發(fā)光的植物在未來(lái)可能有助于減少能源消耗。35.C。主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource-suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway-alotofenergyislostduringtransmission.Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.可知照明約占美國(guó)總耗電量的7%。由于照明通常遠(yuǎn)離電源，例如從發(fā)電廠到偏僻公路上路燈的距離，在傳輸過(guò)程中會(huì)損失大量能源。發(fā)光的植物可以縮短這段距離，從而幫助節(jié)約能源。結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了綠色植物對(duì)人們很有好處，因此麻省理工學(xué)院的工程師開(kāi)發(fā)了一種發(fā)光植物，文章介紹了他們發(fā)明這種植物的過(guò)程，以及這種植物的一些優(yōu)勢(shì)，指出在未來(lái)發(fā)光植物有可能取代路燈，達(dá)到節(jié)約能源的作用。由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“發(fā)光的植物能取代路燈嗎？”最符合文章標(biāo)題。模擬專(zhuān)區(qū)：做好題才有好成績(jī)！練技能，補(bǔ)漏洞，提分?jǐn)?shù)，強(qiáng)信心！【01】（24-25高三上·重慶·期中）Wrappingpaper—thatthingthatmakesourholidaygiftslooksofestive—hasalandfillproblem.Ifit’sshiny,metallic,orglitter-encrusted,it’snotrecyclable.Andevenrecycledpaperisn’tguaranteedtoactuallygetrecycled.Butthere’sanalternative,eco-friendlieroptionthatsomeareturningtothisholidayseason:theJapaneseartofwrappingpackagesincloth,knownasfuroshiki.Furoshikireferstoboththesquareclothitselfandthewrappingtechnique.Thepracticedatesbackhundredsofyears,whenpeoplestartedusingclothbundlestocarryitemstoandfrompublicbaths.Eventually,itevolvedintoawrappingartform.Peopledon’tjustwrappresentswiththecloth,butanendlessnumberofsmallitemslikeboxes,fruit,andbooks.Whenitwasusedtowrapgifts,TsukadaSimoniansaystraditionally,thefuroshikiclothwouldbereturnedtothegiftgivertobeusedagainandagain.ThetraditionwentoutoffashionaspaperandplasticsubstitutestookoffinthepostWorldWarIperiod.It’ssomething“youwouldseeatgrandma’shouse”,saysTomokoDyen,whoteachesfuroshikiwrappingtechniqueinLosAngeles.Butrecently,shesays,it’sbeenregainingpopularity.AsmoretouristshavelearnedaboutitwhilevisitingJapan,Dyensaysit’sencouragedthenextgenerationto“l(fā)earnmoreaboutourselves”.Furoshikidoesn’tnecessarilyrequirespecificfuroshikicloth,saysvanderSteur.ShestocksthemuseumstorewithimportedJapanesefuroshikiclothincludingpatternswithflowers,cats,andotters,butshesaysanypieceoffabric,evenoldclothes,canwork.Someofthelearnersshowedupspecificallyhopingtolearnfuroshikiforholidaywrapping.Butsomesaytheywalkedawayhopingtouseitformuchmore.KristanDelatoriattendedwiththeplantowrapherholidaygiftsthisway—butnowshesaysshe’llbringfuroshikiwithherwhensherunsquickerrands.“BeingabletoputacoupleoftheseintomybagandalwayshavingsomethingwhenIgotothegrocerystoreorgoshopping,”saysDelatori.“I’mreallyexcited.”1.Whatcanwelearnaboutfuroshikifromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Itlooksmorefestivethancommonwrappingpaper.B.Itwassentasapartofthegifttothereceiversforuse.C.Itreferstothesquareclothonlyusedtowrappresents.D.Itwasfirstusedtocarryitemswhenpeopletookbaths.2.Whatmakestherevivaloffuroshikiinrecentyears?A.Theeffortofthelastgeneration.B.Theattentionfrommorevisitors.C.Theuniquecharmoffuroshikiitself.D.Thesupportofthelocalgovernment.3.WhichwordbestdescribesKristanDelatori’sattitudetofuroshiki?A.Skeptical. B.Conservative. C.Favorable. D.Unclear.4.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.TheSquareCloth:TheVeryThingBearingtheLostMemoryB.WrappingPaper:ARecyclableMaterialRegainingPopularityC.Furoshiki:AnEco-FriendierChoiceforHolidayWrappingD.Japan:AnAsianNationwithVariousTraditionalArtForms【02】（24-25高三上·福建寧德·期中）Adultswhocontinuouslyplayedorganizedsportsthroughtheiryouthhavefewersymptomsofanxietyanddepressionthanthosewhoneverplayedorthosewhodroppedout,anewstudyfinds.“Andthosewhodroppedoutofsportshadpoorermentalhealththanthosewhoneverplayedatall.Butmanymorepeopledropoutofyouthsportsthanplaycontinuouslyuntiltheyare18.”saidChrisKnoester,professorofsociologyatTheOhioStateUniversity.“Ifyouplayandstickwithsports,it’sapositiveforyourmentalhealth,butifyouplayanddropoutitseemstobenegative—andmostkidsdropout,”Knoestersaid.Thestudyshowedthatmostpeopledroppedoutofsportsbecausetheyweren’thavingfunorfelttheyweren’tgoodenough.“Thatsuggestswaysyouthsportscanbeimprovedtohelpkids,”saidstudyleadauthorLauraUpenieks.“Ourfindingsaboutwhykidsdropoutoforganizedsportssuggestthatthecurrentenvironmentislessthanidealforeveryone,andthatthebarrierstoparticipationneedtobegivengreaterattention,”Upeniekssaid.“Itiseasytoseewhysportscanbegoodforthosewhoareabletocontinuewithittoadulthood,”Upeniekssaid.“Thelongerthatyouthareexposedtoapositiveandencouragingsportingenvironment,themorelikelytheyaretodevelophabitsthatareconducivetolongtermmentalwell-being,suchasacommitmenttoregularexerciseandcollaboratingwithothersaspartofateam.Thefactthatsomanykidsquitshowsthatorganizedsportsoftendon’tprovideapositiveenvironment.Buttherearestepsadultscantaketoimprovethatenvironment.Forone,sportsshouldbesafeforkids.Theresearcherssaidthefactthat8%saidtheywereabusedbycoachesisparticularlyalarming.“Andthefindingthatnearlyhalfofkidsquitbecausetheyweren’thavingfunandaboutathirddroppedoutbecausetheyfelttheyweren’tgoodenoughshouldalsobeawake-upcall,”Knoestersaid.“Weneedtoimproveyouthsportssothatitsupportspositiveexperiencesforeveryoneandmakesitmoreenjoyable,”hesaid.1.Whatcanwesayaboutdroppingoutofsports?A.Ithasnoimpactonphysicalhealth.B.It’sbeneficialtomentalhealth.C.Itkeepsplayersplayingintoadulthood.D.Itisworseformentalhealththanneverplaying.2.Whatisoneofthemainreasonsforkidsdroppingoutofsports?A.Theydon’tgetjoyfromexercise. B.Theypreferindividualactivities.C.Theyarenotphysicallyfitenough. D.Theyarenotacademicallyrelated.3.Whatiskeytoimprovingtheyouthsportsenvironment?A.Reducingthenumberofcoaches. B.Addingfuntoyouthsports.C.Changingtherulesofsports. D.Providingmoretrainingpartners.4.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheReasonWhyKidsQuitSportsB.TheBenefitsandDrawbacksofPlayingYouthSportsC.TheImpactofYouthSportsonLong-TermMentalHealthD.ChallengesandSolutionsforImprovingYouthSportsPrograms【03】（24-25高三上·湖南長(zhǎng)沙·階段練習(xí)）Haveyoueverwalkedintoaroomandforgottenwhyyouwentinthere,orbeenabouttospeakbutsuddenlyrealizedyouhadnoideawhatyouweregoingtosay?Thehumanbrainnormallybalancescountlessthoughtsandactions,butsometimes,itseemstoshort-circuit.Tofigureoutwhy,wehavetolookintowhatreallyhappenswhenweforgetwhatwewerejustthinkingabout.It’simportanttoknowtwodifferenttypesofmemory:long-termandworkingmemory.Long-termmemoriesareabroadcategoryofmemoriesthatinvolveknowledgeandexperiencesstoredinthebrainforextendedperiods.Ontheotherhand,thoughtsinworkingmemory,whosecertaincharacteristicsarelikelytoexplainwhyweforget,flashthroughthemindforonlysecondsatatime.First,workingmemoryhasverylimitedcapacity.Peoplecanholdonlyaboutfourtoseven“chunks”ofinformation—suchaslettersorphrases—intheirworkingmemoryatatime.Ratherthanbeingawareofallofthese“chunks”simultaneously(同時(shí)地),thebrainbouncesaroundfromoneideatoanother,makingitmorelikelythatonegetsneglected.Second,thebrainquicklyerasesunimportantthingsfromworkingmemorytomakeroomfornewinformation.Sounlessthoseshort-termmemoriesaretransferredintolong-termmemories,they’resoongonefromconsciousthought.Becausethebrainisn’tactuallycapableofmultitasking,ithasto“juggle”differentthoughtsasourworkingmemoryrushesaroundtodifferentideas,whichrequiresconsciouseffortandattention.Ifattentionbecomesfocusedononlyoneofthosethoughtsorisdivertedsomewherenew,thebrainlosestrackoftheearlierthoughts.Andalcoholandagingmayworsenthecase.Tostopforgettingthings,it’sadvisedagainstmultitasking.Whenyouthinkyou’remultitasking,you’rejuggling,whichmakesforgettingmorelikely.Moreover,recreatingthecontextcanhelp,whichmeansgoingbackintotheroomyouwerebefore.Thosecontextcluesmightgivethebraintheextraboostitneedstoreachbackafewsecondsinworkingmemoryandregainthethought.1.Howdidtheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Bymakingcontrasts. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Byaskingquestions. D.Bygivingbackgroundinformation.2.Whatdoweknowaboutmemory?A.Memorycan’tberestoredifitdisappears.B.Practic?ngmultitaskingdoesgoodtoworkingmemory.C.Workingmemorycannotbetransferredintolong-termmemory.D.People’sworkingmemorycapabilityvarieswithdifferentlifestages.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“juggle”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Balance. B.Present. C.Master. D.Attain.4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Twotypesofmemory B.ImprovingourmemoryC.WhatdidIcomeinfor? D.Howdoesourmemorywork?【04】（24-25高三上·河南安陽(yáng)·期中）AnewstudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvancesfindsthatAIenhancescreativitybyboostingthenoveltyofstoryideasaswellasthe“usefulness”ofstories-theirabilitytoengagethetargetaudienceandpotentialforpublication.ItfindsthatAI“professionalizes”stories,makingthemmoreenjoyable,morelikelytohaveplottwists,betterwrittenandlessboring.Theresearchersassignedthe300studyparticipantstothreegroups:onegroupwasallowednoAIhelp,asecondgroupcoulduseChatGPTtoprovideasinglethree-sentencestartingidea,andwritersinthethirdgroupcouldchoosefromuptofiveAI-generatedideasfortheirinspiration.Theythenorganized600peopletojudgehowgoodthestorieswere,assessingthemfornovelty-whetherthestoriesdidsomethingneworunexpected-and“usefulness”-howappropriatetheywereforthetargetaudience,andwhethertheideascouldbedevelopedandpotentiallypublished.TheyfoundthatwriterswiththemostaccesstoAIexperiencedthegreatestgainstotheircreativity,theirstoriesscoring9%higherfornoveltycomparedwithstorieswrittenwithoutAI.WriterswhouseduptofiveAI-generatedideasalsoscoredhigherforemotionalcharacteristics,producingstoriesthatwerebetterwritten,moreenjoyable,lessboringandfunnier.Theresearchersevaluatedthewriters’creativityusingaDivergentAssociationTask(DAT)andfoundthatmorecreativewriters-thosewiththehighestDATscores-benefitedleastfromgenerativeAIideas.Conversely,lesscreativewriterssawagreaterincreaseincreativity.Theresearchersalsocalculatedhowsimilarthestoriesweretoeachother.Theyfounda10.7%increaseinsimilaritybetweenwriterswhosestoriesusedonegenerativeAI-idea,comparedwiththegroupthatdidn’tuseAI.AnilDoshi,AssistantProfessorattheUCLSchoolofManagementsaid,“Whiletheseresultspointtoanincreaseinindividualcreativity,thereisariskoflosingcollectivenovelty.IfthepublishingindustryweretoembracemoregenerativeAI-inspiredstories,ourfindingssuggestthatthestorieswouldbecomelessuniqueandmoresimilartoeachother.”1.WhichaspectoftheAI-assistedstorieswereassessedinthestudy?A.Universalityandavailability. B.Originalityandpracticality.C.Creativityandspecialization. D.Similarityandintegrity.2.Whatmighttheunderlinedword“Conversely”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Sureenough. B.Inconclusion. C.Onthecontrary. D.Asaresult.3.WhatisAnilDoshi’sattitudetowardsAI-inspiredstories?A.Objective. B.Indifferent. C.Favorable. D.Ambiguous.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.AIIsBeingUsedtoCreateNovelStoriesB.AIIsBecomingaThreattoHumanWritersC.AICanHelptoImprovePeople’sWritingSkillsD.AICanBoosttheCreativityofStoriesbutPaysaPrice【05】（24-25高三上·河北保定·期中）Fortheprecisetimekeeper,onlyanatomicclockwilldo.Whilethebestquartz(石英)timepieceswillloseamillisecondeverysixweeks,anatomicclockmightnotloseathousandthofoneinadecade.SuchdevicesareaccurateenoughtodriveeverythingfromGPSandtheinternettostock-markettrading.However,researchersarenowworkingonasuccessor:thenuclearclock.EkkehardPeik,apioneerinthefield,sayssuchaclockcouldbe1,000timesmoreaccuratethantoday’satomicclocks.Atomicclocksworkbyexcitingtheelectronsaroundanatom’snucleus(原子核)withincomingradiationofaspecificfrequency,witheachwavecyclecorrespondingtoa“tick.”Nuclearclockswouldfunctionsimilarlybutwouldusethetransitionsofneutronsandprotons(中子和質(zhì)子)insidethenucleus.Themostpromisingcandidatenucleusisthorium-229,whichuniquely,hasanucleartransitionthatlasers(激光)shouldbeabletoactivate.Theexactfrequencyatwhichthisoccurs,however,haslongbeenunknown.ResearchersChuankunZhangandJunYe,fromtheUniversityofColoradoinBoulder,bypassedthischallengebydevelopingacustom-builtlasercapableofgeneratingarangeoffrequenciesaroundtheexpectedtransitionpoint.Whentheyfireditatthetarget,oneparticularlightstreammatchedthenucleartransitionfrequency.Althoughthesystemneedsoptimization,Zhangsays,“It’sthefirstdemonstrationthatallthecomponentsofanuclearclockarehere.”Becauseatomicclocksarealreadymorethanaccurateenoughformostpracticaluses,scientistsarenotaimingtoreplacethem.Instead,theyaremoreinterestedintheadvantagesofhavingtwoindependentmethodsformeasuringtime,asbeyondprecisetimekeeping,nuclearclockscouldhavebroaderapplicationsinfundamentalphysics.OnepotentialuseisintestingEinstein’stheoryofrelativity,whichsuggests,amongotherthings,thatclocksshouldtickmoreslowlyinstrongergravitationalfields.Ifnuclearclocksshowanydifferencesintheirresponsecomparedtoatomicclocksundersuchconditions,itcouldmotivatearethinkingofthesewell-establishedtheories.1.Whatdoweknowaboutatomicclocks?A.Theyarelessaccuratethanquartztimepieces.B.Theyareaccurateenoughfornearlyallpracticalusestoday.C.Thedifferencebetweenatomicandquartzclocksisinsignificant.D.TheyarenotreliableenoughfortechnologieslikeGPSorstocktrading.2.WhatbreakthroughdidChuankunZhangandJunYeachieve?A.Theypredictedtheexactfrequencyofthethorium-229nucleartransition.B.Theydiscoveredanewtypeofnucleartransitioninthorium-229.C.Theybuiltalasertotargetfrequenciesnearthetransitionpoint.D.Theyusedamicrowave-basedlasertomeasurethethorium-229transition.3.ThetextsuggeststhatEinstein’stheoriesofrelativitymightneedrevisionif______.A.atomicclocksstopworkingaccuratelyinstronggravityB.nuclearclocksprovetobemoreaccuratethanatomicclocksC.scientistsdiscoveranewforcebeyondthenuclearandelectromagneticforcesD.nuclearclockstickdifferentlyinstronggravitycomparedtoatomicclocks4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheEndofAtomicTime:ANewClockRedefiningPrecisionB.TheNewAgeofTimekeeping:FromQuartztoAtomicClocksC.TheNuclearRevolution:AClockThatChangedOurUnd