江西省萍鄉(xiāng)市2024-2025學年高二上學期期中考試英語試題（含答案解析）

絕密★啟用前萍鄉(xiāng)市2024—2025學年度高二第一學期期中考試英語試卷(120分鐘，總分150分)本試卷分為第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)兩部分。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答案卡一并交回。注意事項：1.答第I卷前考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號框。不能答在試卷上，否則無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：(共5小題:每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatiswrongwiththeman?A.Hehastheflu. B.Hehasaheadache. C.Hehasastomachache.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingtothecliniclatertoday.I’vebeenfeelingveryunwell.W:Really?Ihadtheflulastweek.Isthatwhatyouhave?M:Ihadaheadachelastweek,butI’msufferingfromseverestomachpainsnow.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inarestaurant. C.Onthefarm.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Areyoureadytoorder?W:Yes,please.BothmyfriendandIwouldlikeasteakandsoup.M:I’mafraidweareoutofsteakatthemoment.Wouldyoulikeporkinstead?W:Well,we’dlikechickenthen.Thankyou!3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomando?A.Watchagame. B.Buysomecoffee. C.Visitagallery.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Iplannedtowatcharugbygamewithmyfriends,butitgotcanceled.So,nowI’mgoingtovisitagalleryinstead.Wouldyouliketocome?W:I’dloveto,butI’mgoingtogetcoffeewithmymom.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Takeherbags. B.Canceltheirflight. C.Changearoute.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Hurry!We’regoingtomissourflight.M:It’snotmyfaultthattherewassomuchtrafficonourwaytotheairport.Ifwerun,wecanmakeit.W:OK,butcanyoutakemybags?Theyaresoheavy.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inalibrary. B.Intheclassroom. C.Inapark.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ilovereadinghere.It’ssorelaxing.Ilikebeinginnature,andtherearesomanybirdsaround.W:Ienjoyreading,too.However,Iprefertoreadbooksintheclassroom.It’squietthere.第二節(jié)：(共15小題:每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whenwillthemanworktill7:00pmnextweek?A.OnSaturday. B.OnFriday. C.OnThursday.7.WhatdothespeakersagreetodoonSaturday?AHaveameal. B.Runinthepark. C.Gooutforcoffee.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Jake.DoyouwanttomeetonThursdayorFridaynextweek?M:I’mbusyworkingattheofficeuntil7:00pmonFriday,butIcanmeetyouthedayafter.W:OK,great.Doyouwanttogooutforlunch?M:I’monadietatthemoment.Howaboutwegoforajogintheparkinstead?W:I’mnotafanofrunning.Canwegotothecafeforacoffee?M:Yes,thatwouldbenice.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whywillthemangotothebeach?A.Toswiminthesea. B.Towalkonthesand. C.Tomeethisbrother.9.Whydoesthewomandislikethebeach?A.Shehatesthesand. B.Shehasnopropershoes. C.Sheisscaredoftheocean.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Fatheranddaughter.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Malisa.ThisisMarkspeaking.I’mgoingforawalkalongthebeachwithmyfriendslaterintheafternoon.Doyouwanttocome?W:Thankyouforaskingme,butIdon’tlikethebeachatall.M:Whynot?Isitbecauseyoudon’twantthesandtogetinyourshoesorsomething?W:No,Iactuallydon’tmindthesand.I’mjustscaredoftheocean.Mybrothernearlydrownedlastyearduringthesummerholiday.Itwasascaryexperience.M:Ohno!That’sawfulandterrifyingindeed.IsAndrewOKnow?W:Yes,heisfine.ButIhavebeenfrightenedoftheoceaneversince.M:Iunderstand.IwillseeyouonMondayatcollegethen.W:Bye.Havefun!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whowentshoppingwiththewoman?A.Herson. B.Herhusband. C.Herdaughter.12.Whatdidthewomanbuyforhersister?A.Acoat. B.Aring. C.Ahat.13.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodosoon?A.Goonholiday. B.Playfootball. C.Shopwithhischild.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】M:Morning,Stacey.Howwasyourweekend?W:Reallygood,thanks.Iwentshoppingwithmyeldestdaughter.Itwasagreattimeforus.M:Thatsoundsnice.Ididn’tknowyouhadchildren.W:Ihavethreedaughtersandason.Mytwoyoungerdaughtershateshoppingandmysonwasatfootballwithmyhusbandallweekend.M:Didyoubuymuch?W:Yes.Iboughtacoatforeachoneofmychildren.Ialsoboughtaringformysisterasit’sherfiftiethbirthdayonWednesday.Igotmyselfsomenewglovesandawarmhatasit’sbeensnowingsomuchlately.M:That’sagoodidea.It’sbeensocold.Ineedsomemorewarmclothes.Idon’thatethecold,butImissthehotweathersometimes.Imightgoonholidaysoon,somewherewarm.W:Oh,thatsoundswonderful!However,personallyspeaking,IquitelikethistimeofyearasitwillbeChristmassoon.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Conductinganinterview. B.Discussingajobpromotion. C.Offeringadvice.15.WhatisoneofSarah’sstrengths?A.Shelovesreadinglongpoems. B.Sheownsfiveyearsofexperience. C.Shehascommunicationskills.16.WhatdoesSarahthinkofherlastjob?A.Itwasboring. B.Itwastoostrict. C.Itwaslesschallenging.【答案】14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Sarah.Nicetomeetyou!W:Morning.Thankyouforseeingme!M:Whydoyouthinkyouaresuitableforthisposition?W:BecauseIlovetoteachandIamverypassionateaboutliterature.Havingtaughtattwootherschoolsoverthepasttenyears,Ihavealotofexperience.AndIreceivedmymaster’sdegreefiveyearsago.M:Whataresomeofyourstrengths?W:Ihavegreatcommunicationskills.Icanspeakinfrontoflargegroupsofpeoplecomfortably.Ibelievethatmypassionforliteraturewouldaidmeinmyrole.AndIhavepublishedmyownbooksandpoems.M:Whataresomeofyourweaknesses?W:Mymainweaknessmaylieindiscipline.Isometimesstrugglewithtellingstudentsoff,especiallyifitupsetsthem.M:Isee,andwhydoyouwantajobhere?W:Becausetheschool’svaluesareinlinewithmymorals.Theschool’szerotolerancetowardbullyingisalsoimportanttome.Astudentmustn’tusetheirstrengthorpowertofrightenorhurtotherstudents.M:Whatissomethingthatyoudidn’tlikeaboutyourlastjob?W:Itwasfairlyclosetomyhouse.However,itwastoostrict.IhadtopunishstudentsforsillythingsthatIdidn’tagreewith.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeaker?A.Ahistorian. B.Acook. C.Astudent.18.Howmanytraditionalfestivalsdoesthespeakermention?A.Four. B.Three. C.Two.19.Whatwillthelistenersdofirst?A.Discusstogether. B.Havearest. C.Tastesomefood.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.TherichnessofChineseculture.B.ThehistoryofChinesephilosophy.C.ThedevelopmentofChinesemedicine.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,I’mLiHua,ahistorianspecializinginChinesetraditionalculture.Today,IwanttotalkabouttherichnessofChineseculture.Chinesecultureisoneoftheworld’soldestandmostcomplex.Itshistorystretchesbackover5,000years.Itcontainsalotofelements,fromphilosophytocuisine,art,andliterature.ThephilosophyofConfuciusemphasizesmoralvaluesandrespectforelders.TheseideashaveshapedChinesesocietyforcenturies.AnothersignificantaspectistraditionalChinesemedicine,whichisstillwidelyrespectedworldwide.AndChinesefoodvariesgreatlyfromregiontoregion.Thatisareflectionofthecountry’svastgeographyandhistory.Additionally,Chineseliteraturehascontributedmuchtoworldliterature.ThereareclassicslikeJourneytotheWestandDreamoftheRedChamber.Thetraditionalfestivals,liketheSpringFestivalandMid-AutumnFestival,arecelebratedwithgreatenthusiasm.TheyshowtheimportanceoffamilyinChineseculture.Aswemoveintothefuture,it’scrucialtopreserveandpromoteChina’srichculturalheritage.ThankyouforjoiningmetodayintheexplorationofChineseculture.Let’scontinuethismeaningfultopicandfurtherourunderstandingafterashortbreak.Andwewillhaveadeepdiscussionlater.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)：閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AExploringNatureattheCommunityGardenDayTheannualCommunityGardenDayisacherishedeventthatinvitesresidentstoembracethebeautyofnature.Thisyear,thegardenwillopenitsgatesonasunnySaturdaymorning,offeringavarietyofactivitiessuitableforallagesandgardeningskills.Event1—StartingSeedsWorkshopForthosenewtogardening,aworkshopledbyexperiencedgardener,Mrs.Brown,willintroducethebasics.Participantswilllearnhowtostartseeds,careforyoungplants,andunderstandthejoyofgrowingtheirownfood.DateandTime:Saturday,21stSeptember,at10:00Location:GardenLearningCenterDuration:2hoursEvent2—PlantCareandGrowthGardenerswithsomeexperiencewillenjoyasessionwithMr.Smith,whowillsharetipsonhowtokeepplantsgrowinghealthily.Hewillshoweffectivewateringtechniquesanddiscusstheimportanceofsunlightandnutrients.DateandTime:Saturday,21stSeptember,at14:00Location:GardenCareAreaDuration:3hoursEvent3—MakingYourOwnFertilizerAninformativesessionbyMrs.Johnsonwillguideparticipantsthroughtheprocessofmakingnaturalfertilizerfromkitchenwaste.Thispracticalskillwillhelpgardenersenrichtheirsoilandgrowhealthierplants.DateandTime:Sunday,22ndSeptember,at11:30Location:FertilizerMakingSpotDuration:2.5hoursEvent4—Kids’GardenAdventureChildrenarewelcometojoininthefunattheKids’GardenAdventure,wheretheycanplanttheirownsmallplotofvegetablesandflowers.Theeventincludesstorytellingsessionsthatbringtolifethestoriesofplantsandtheimportanceofgardening.DateandTime:Sunday,22ndSeptember,at9:00Location:Kids’GardenAreaDuration:1.5hours21.Whicheventtakestheshortesttime?A.StartingSeedsWorkshop. B.PlantCareandGrowth.C.MakingYourOwnFertilizer. D.Kids’GardenAdventure.22.WhatwillMr.Smithteachinhissession?A.Advancedplantcaretechniques. B.Methodsofcaringforyoungplants.C.Suggestionsforraisinghealthyplants. D.Theprocessofmakingnaturalfertilizer.23.Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon?A.Theytakeplaceontheweekend. B.Theyfocusonsoilimprovement.C.Theyneedtobringgardeningtools. D.Theyareforexperiencedgardeners.【答案】21.D22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文向公眾介紹了社區(qū)花園日的各項活動安排，包括種子啟動工作坊、植物護理與生長講座、自制肥料教學以及兒童花園探險等，旨在邀請居民參與體驗自然之美的年度活動?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Event1—StartingSeedsWorkshop中的“Duration:2hours(持續(xù)時間2小時)”，Event2—PlantCareandGrowth中的“Duration:3hours(持續(xù)時間：3小時)”，Event3—MakingYourOwnFertilizer中的“Duration:2.5hours(持續(xù)時間：2.5小時)”，Event4—Kids’GardenAdventure中的“Duration:1.5hours(持續(xù)時間：1.5小時)”可知Kids’GardenAdventure用時是最短的。故選D項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Event2—PlantCareandGrowth中的“GardenerswithsomeexperiencewillenjoyasessionwithMr.Smith,whowillsharetipsonhowtokeepplantsgrowinghealthily.Hewillshoweffectivewateringtechniquesanddiscusstheimportanceofsunlightandnutrients.(有一定經(jīng)驗的園丁將與Smith先生一起參加一個環(huán)節(jié)，他會分享如何保持植物健康生長的技巧。他會展示有效的澆水技術(shù)并討論陽光和營養(yǎng)的重要性。)”可知，Smith先生會教如何養(yǎng)健康的植物的建議。故選C項。【23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Event1—StartingSeedsWorkshop的“DateandTime:Saturday,21stSeptember,at10:00(日期和時間：9月21日，星期六，10:00)”；Event2—PlantCareandGrowth的“DateandTime:Saturday,21stSeptember,at14:00(日期和時間：9月21日，星期六，14:00)”；Event3—MakingYourOwnFertilizer的“DateandTime:Sunday,22ndSeptember,at11:30(日期和時間：周日，9月22日，11:30)”；Event4—Kids’GardenAdventure的“DateandTime:Sunday,22ndSeptember,at9:00(日期和時間：9月22日，周日，9:00)”可知，所有的活動都在周末舉行。故選A項。BLocatedintheOaxaca,Mexico,thefishingvillageHuatulcoishometothousandsofbabyturtles.Ihadthreeopendaysonmycalendar,andadesiretosavesometurtles.Andso,awayIwenttoHuatulcowithapowerhouseofwillingprotectorscallingthemselvesWildcoast.Tocarryoutmymission,IwastakentoLaEscobillatoexperienceWildcoastinaction.JustonehournorthofHuatulco,thisprotectedbeachiswheremassturtlenestinghappens.Thenaturalphenomenonoccursat12beachesaroundtheworld,threeofwhichareinMexico.Havingjustfourdaysduringrainyseason,thousandsoffemaleseaturtlesgoashoretolaytheireggs.Betweenthreatslikeillegalhunters,naturalenemiesandoilspills,thehatchlings(幼龜)havethewholeworldagainstthem.Asrecentlyas2012,turtlehuntingwasnotonlycommonpractice,butanimportantpartofthecultureanddietintheOaxacancommunities.Wildcoastrescuesturtleeggsandrecreateshabitats.Thankstotheirefforts,variousseaturtleshavemadeamajorcomeback,withnowover72millionturtlesbeingborn.Igottohold50ofthehatchlingsinabowl.Statisticallyspeaking,justonein1,000babyturtleswillmakeittoadulthood.Staringatthebowl,Isobadlywantedthemtofindsheltersomewhereintheocean.Finally,itwastimetosetfreethoselittleones.Havingmadesurenosuspicious(可疑的)peoplewerenearby,Iletoutthehatchlings.Witheachsetofwaves,wewitnessedthesurvivalofthefittest,somecrawling(爬行)pastthewhitewashwhileotherscrashedbacktoshore.Abunchofbirdswasreadytodiveintotheseafortheirtargets.“Onein1,000.”Naturewasbothcruelandsympathetic.After30longminutes,thelasthatchlingmadeitswaytothesea.24.WhatisWildcoast?A.Alivelybeachhousingvariouswildanimals.B.Anofficialorganizationtacklingoceanoilleaks.C.Anexperiencedteamexploringthecoastalareas.D.Avoluntarygroupassistingthesurvivalofturtles.25.WhywastheauthortakentoLaEscobilla?A.Toliberatecollectedhatchlings.B.Toprotectdedicateturtleeggs.C.Towitnessmassturtlenesting.D.TorecordOaxacancultures.26.Whichthreatdoestheauthorwanttoprotecttheturtlesfrom?A.Waterpollution. B.Humanhunting.C.Naturalenemies. D.Oceanwaves.27.Howmighttheauthorfeelwhenseeingthehatchlingscrawling?A.Relieved. B.Attached.C.Concerned. D.Annoyed.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者前往墨西哥的Huatulco漁村，與一個名為Wildcoast的志愿者團隊一起保護海龜?shù)墓适隆Ｗ髡呙枋隽嗽贚aEscobilla海灘釋放海龜幼崽的過程，以及這些幼崽面臨的各種威脅?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ihadthreeopendaysonmycalendar,andadesiretosavesometurtles.Andso,awayIwenttoHuatulcowithapowerhouseofwillingprotectorscallingthemselvesWildcoast(我的日歷上有三天空閑，我想去救一些海龜。于是，我去了Huatulco，和一群自稱為Wildcoast的熱心保護者一起)”可知，Wildcoast是一個由愿意保護海龜?shù)娜私M成的強大團隊。因此，Wildcoast是一個協(xié)助海龜生存的志愿者團體。故選D項?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Tocarryoutmymission,IwastakentoLaEscobillatoexperienceWildcoastinaction.JustonehournorthofHuatulco,thisprotectedbeachiswheremassturtlenestinghappens(為了執(zhí)行我的任務(wù)，我被帶到LaEscobilla去體驗Wildcoast的實際行動。這個受保護的海灘位于Huatulco以北僅一小時的地方，是大量海龜筑巢的地方)”可知，作者被帶到LaEscobilla是為了見證大量的海龜筑巢。故選C項?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Betweenthreatslikeillegalhunters,naturalenemiesandoilspills,thehatchlings(幼龜)havethewholeworldagainstthem(在面對非法獵人、自然敵人和石油泄漏等威脅時，這些幼龜面臨著整個世界的反對)”可知，海龜幼崽面臨的威脅包括非法獵人。因此，作者想要保護海龜免受人類狩獵的威脅。故選B項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Witheachsetofwaves,wewitnessedthesurvivalofthefittest,somecrawling(爬行)pastthewhitewashwhileotherscrashedbacktoshore.Abunchofbirdswasreadytodiveintotheseafortheirtargets(每組波浪中，我們都見證了適者生存，一些生物爬行穿過白浪，而另一些則被沖回岸邊。一群鳥準備潛入海中捕捉目標)”可知，作者在看到幼龜爬行時可能會感到關(guān)切，擔心它們的生存。故選C項。CIfitain’tbroke,don’tfixit.Thetime-testedproverbappearstobethelessonfromCoca-Cola’sdisastrousintroductionof“NewCoke.”AlthoughCoca-Colaremainedtheworld’sbest-sellingsoftdrink,Pepsi-Colacontinuedtogainmarketshareinthe1970s,thanksinparttoitsaggressive“PepsiChallenge”campaignwhereconsumerstakingblindtastetestsweresurprisedtolearntheypreferredtheflavorofPepsi.Companyexecutivesgrewconvincedthatitssoda’staste—notitsrival’sadvertisementstargetingthe“PepsiGeneration”—wasthereasonforitsdecliningmarketshare.OnApril23,1985,Coca-ColaCompanychairmanRobertoGoizuetaannouncedtothepressthatanewformulawastobeintroduced,whichhedeclaredtobe“amoreharmoniousflavor.”Thepress,however,saidNewCoketastedsweeterandmorelikePepsi.Withit,Coca-Coladiscontinuedits99-yearclassicrecipeandlockeditawayinanAtlantabankvaultwiththeintentionthatitneveragainseethelightofday.WhileGoizuetatoasted“hissurestmoveevermade”withNewCoke,itleftabittertasteinthemouthsofthecompany’sloyalcustomers.Withinweeksoftheannouncement,thecompanywasfielding5,000angryphonecallsaday.“Idon’tthinkI’dbemoreupsetifyouweretoburntheflaginourfrontyard,”onedisgruntleddrinkerwrotetocompanyheadquarters.Atprotestsstagedbygrassrootsgroups,consumerspouredtheNewCokeintosewerdrains.TheoutragecaughtCoca-Colaexecutivesbysurprise.Theyhadhardlymadeacarelessdecisionunsupportedbydata.Afterall,theyhadperformed190,000blindtastetestsonconsumers.Theproblem,though,isthatthecompanyhadunderestimatedloyaldrinkers’emotionalattachmentstothebrand.Neverdiditstestersasksubjectshowtheywouldfeelifthenewformulareplacedtheoldone.Seventy-ninedayslater,Coca-Colaexecutivesonceagainheldapressconferencetoannouncetheretumnoftheoriginalformula,whichhardlyhadtimetogatherdustinthevault,underthelabel“Coca-ColaClassic.”“Ourbossistheconsumer,”Goizuetaadmitted.Coca-ColaClassicquicklyoutsoldNewCokeandwithinafewmonthshadreturnedtoitspositionasthetop-sellingcola,aheadofPepsi.Inspiteoftheblowback,Coca-Colaemergedfromthedefeatwithitsmarketpositionactuallystrengthenedasconsumersrediscoveredtheirattachmenttotheiconicbrand.“ThesimplefactisthatallthetimeandmoneyandskillheavilypouredintoconsumerresearchonthenewCoca-ColacouldnotmeasurethedeepemotionalattachmenttooriginalCoca-Colafeltbysomanypeople,”Goizuetaadmitted.Themistakewassoenormousthatsomethoughtitmusthavebeenanintentionalmarketingtrick.“Somesaythatweplannedthewholething,”Goizuetasaid.“Thetruthiswe’renotthatdumbandwe’renothatsmart.”28.WhateventuallyledtoCoca-ColaCompany’sdecisiontolaunch“NewCoke”?A.Thecompanywasontheedgeofgoingfinanciallybroke.B.Thecompanylostmostofitsmarketsharetoitsstrongrival.C.Theexecutivesbelievedthecompanylostitsedgeinitsproduct.D.Itsrivalcompanyperformedbetterinadvertisingitsproducts.29.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4probablymeanstheloyalcustomers________.A.foundNewCoketastedbitterratherthansweeterasthepressdeclaredB.feltcheatedasNewCokefailedtodeliveramoreharmoniousflavorC.weredissatisfiedandannoyedwithCoca-ColaCompany’sdecisionD.wereratherupsetthattheyweren’tinvitedtotaketheblindtastetests30.WhatcanbelearnedaboutCoca-ColaCompany?A.ThemanagementmeanttotemporarilyshelvetheoldformulatopromoteNewCoke.B.Themanagementturnedablindeyetotheresultsofthecompany’sblindtastetests.C.Itdidn’ttakeloyalPepsidrinkers’emotionalattachmenttothecolabrandseriously.D.Itmadelargeinvestmentsindevelopingthenewformulatoregainitsformerglory.31.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthispassage?A.Coca-Cola’sdisastrousattemptatrebrandingCoke.B.Thecentury-oldwarbetweenCocaColaandPepsi.C.Alessononhowtomaintainthecustomerloyalty.D.AsuccessfulmarketingtriekplayedbyCocaCola.【答案】28.C29.C30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。講述了可口可樂公司推出“新可樂”（NewCoke）這一產(chǎn)品變革的整個過程，包括其背景、決策、實施、消費者反應(yīng)、以及最終的結(jié)果和反思?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Companyexecutivesgrewconvincedthatitssoda’staste—notitsrival’sadvertisementstargetingthe“PepsiGeneration”—wasthereasonforitsdecliningmarketshare.(可口可樂公司的高管們越來越相信，是自家汽水的味道——而非競爭對手針對“百事一代”的廣告宣傳——導(dǎo)致了其市場份額的下降)”可知，高管們認為公司的產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)失去了優(yōu)勢，需要進行改變。因此，公司決定推出新產(chǎn)品“NewCoke”，以重新獲得市場份額。故選C項?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)后文“Withinweeksoftheannouncement,thecompanywasfielding5,000angryphonecallsaday.“Idon’tthinkI’dbemoreupsetifyouweretoburntheflaginourfrontyard,”onedisgruntleddrinkerwrotetocompanyheadquarters.Atprotestsstagedbygrassrootsgroups,consumerspouredtheNewCokeintosewerdrains.(新可樂推出后幾周內(nèi)，公司每天接到5000個憤怒的電話?！拔矣X得就算你在我們家前院燒國旗，我也不會比這更生氣了，”一位憤怒的消費者在給公司總部的信中寫道。在草根團體組織的抗議活動中，消費者們將新可樂倒入下水道)”可知，公司每天接到5000個憤怒的電話，消費者們把新可樂倒進下水道以示抗議。因此可以推斷出，忠誠的顧客們對可口可樂公司的決定感到不滿和惱怒。故選C項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““ThesimplefactisthatallthetimeandmoneyandskillheavilypouredintoconsumerresearchonthenewCoca-ColacouldnotmeasurethedeepemotionalattachmenttooriginalCoca-Colafeltbysomanypeople,”Goizuetaadmitted.(Goizueta承認：“一個簡單事實是，投入大量時間、金錢和技術(shù)對新可口可樂進行消費者研究，卻無法衡量這么多人對原可口可樂的深厚情感依戀。”)”可知，為了重獲昔日的輝煌，該公司在研發(fā)新配方方面投入了大量資金。故選D項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifitain’tbroke,don’tfixit.Thetime-testedproverbappearstobethelessonfromCoca-Cola’sdisastrousintroductionof“NewCoke.”(如果沒壞，就不要修。這句久經(jīng)考驗諺語似乎是從可口可樂災(zāi)難性地推出“新可樂”中吸取的教訓(xùn))”以及通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了可口可樂公司嘗試重新命名可樂品牌的失敗經(jīng)歷，即推出“新可樂”后遭到消費者強烈反對，最終不得不恢復(fù)原名。所以本文主要講述了可口可樂重塑品牌的失敗嘗試。故選A項。DIfastrangerofferedyouafreecookie,youmightwellcatit.Butwhatiftheyofferedtoalsogiveyou$2?Youmightpolitelydeclineandwalkawaythinking,“Somethingsmellsfishy.”InastudypublishedinPersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,researchersfoundthatpeopletendtoturndownoffersof“freemoney,”aswellasunusuallycheapservices,becausetheyseem“toogoodtobetrue.”Intheinitialexperiment,nearly40percentofparticipantsateacookieofferedfreely—comparedwithabout20percentofthoseoffered$2aswell.“Peopletypicallyimaginethingslikesomeonedidsomethingdisgustingtothecookie,”saysstudyleadauthorAndrewJ.Vonasch,apsychologicalscientistattheUniversityofCanterburyinNewZealand.Ninefurtherexperimentsusedonlinequestionnairestopresentothercases.Theseincludedbeingofferedmoneytoacceptaridehomeandsurprisinglycheapflights.Ineachcase,pastacertainthreshold(門檻),higherpotentialmonetarygainreducedparticipants’likelihoodofacceptingtheoffer.Vonaschsaysthestudyillustratesthatcontrarytothe“standardeconomicmodel,”whichsupposeshumansalwaysseektomaximizegains,transactions(交易)needtoalsobeunderstoodassocialinteractionsbetweenpeopletryingtounderstandeachother’sminds.Ifsomeoneseemstoviolateacceptednorms,suchasself-interest,withoutanyexplanation,weassumetheyhavehiddenmotivesandinfertherewillbe“phantomcosts”,imaginedconsequencesthatreducewhatVonaschcallsanoffer’s“psychologicalvalue,”Factorsbeyondthepresentmomentmaycomeintoplay.“Understandingthatothers’perceivedovergenerositymayputusintheirdebtcouldalsohelpexplainpeople’sreluctance,”saysVonasch.Theresearchersalsoshowedhowtomitigate(減輕)theeffect:simplyprovideareasonforthedeal.The“cheapflights”experimentincludedaconditionwheretheseatswererevealedtobeveryuncomfortable.“Uncomfortableseatsaren’ttypicallyasellingpoint,”Vonaschsays.“Buttellingpeopletheseatswereuncomfortablemadethemmorewillingtotakethembecauseitwassufficientexplanation.”32.Whymightpeoplerejectanofferof$2alongwithafreecookie?A.Theydislikeamoney-relatedoffer. B.Theydistrustthetruevalueoftheoffer.C.Theythinktheofferisnotgoodenough. D.Theysuspecttheofferonlylastsashorttime.33.WhataspectoftheninefurtherexperimentsisintroducedinParagraph4?A.Themoralconcerns. B.Theresearchmethod.C.Theexperiments’duration. D.Theparticipants’background.34.Whichpsychologicalfactorbestexplainsthefindingsofthestudy?A.Fearfulof“phantomcosts”. B.Afraidofviolatingsocialnorms.C.Committedtothestandardeconomicmodel. D.Unconcernedaboutanoffer’s“psychologicalvalue”35.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“cheapflights”experiment?A.Tostresstheunpredictabilityofhumanchoices.B.Toillustratehowhiddenmotivesaffectpeople’schoices.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofprovidingclearexamples.D.Toshowgivingjustificationscanincreaseacceptanceofoffers.【答案】32.B33.B34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了為什么人們會拒絕看似過于慷慨的優(yōu)惠或免費贈品，探討了經(jīng)濟學和心理學之間的聯(lián)系。【32題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InastudypublishedinPersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,researchersfoundthatpeopletendtoturndownoffersof“freemoney,”aswellasunusuallycheapservices,becausetheyseem“toogoodtobetrue.”(在《個性與社會心理學公報》上發(fā)表的一項研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們傾向于拒絕“免費的錢”，以及異常便宜的服務(wù)，因為它們看起來“好得令人難以置信”)”可知，人們會拒絕2美元外加一塊免費餅干的提議是因為他們不相信這份提議的真正價值。故選B?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Ninefurtherexperimentsusedonlinequestionnairestopresentothercases.Theseincludedbeingofferedmoneytoacceptaridehomeandsurprisinglycheapflights.Ineachcase,pastacertainthreshold(門檻),higherpotentialmonetarygainreducedparticipants’likelihoodofacceptingtheoffer.(另外九項實驗使用在線問卷來呈現(xiàn)其他情況。其中包括給錢讓他搭車回家，以及便宜得驚人的機票。在每一種情況下，超過一定的門檻，更高的潛在金錢收益降低了參與者接受提議的可能性)”可知，第4段介紹了九個進一步實驗的研究方法。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ifsomeoneseemstoviolateacceptednorms,suchasself-interest,withoutanyexplanation,weassumetheyhavehiddenmotivesandinfertherewillbe“phantomcosts”,imaginedconsequencesthatreducewhatVonaschcallsanoffer’s“psychologicalvalue,”Factorsbeyondthepresentmomentmaycomeintoplay.“Understandingthatothers’perceivedovergenerositymayputusintheirdebtcouldalsohelpexplainpeople’sreluctance,”saysVonasch.(如果有人似乎違反了公認的規(guī)范，比如自利，而沒有任何解釋，我們就會假設(shè)他們有隱藏的動機，并推斷會有“幻影成本”，想象的后果會降低Vonasch所說的提議的“心理價值”，超出當前時刻的因素可能會起作用。Vonasch說：“理解別人的過度慷慨可能會讓我們欠他們的債，這也有助于解釋人們的不情愿?！?”可知，害怕“幻影成本”這一因素解釋了這一現(xiàn)象。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearchersalsoshowedhowtomitigate(減輕)theeffect:simplyprovideareasonforthedeal.(研究人員還展示了如何減輕這種影響：簡單地提供一個交易的理由)”以及““Uncomfortableseatsaren’ttypicallyasellingpoint,”Vonaschsays.“Buttellingpeopletheseatswereuncomfortablemadethemmorewillingtotakethembecauseitwassufficientexplanation.”(“不舒服的座位通常不是賣點，”沃納什說?！暗嬖V人們座位不舒服會讓他們更愿意坐，因為這是一個充分的解釋?！?”可知，作者提到“廉價航班”實驗是為了表明給出理由可以增加提議的接受度。故選D。第二節(jié)：七選五(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Onelittlepuff(噴煙),onelittlesip.Comeon,giveitatryandbelikeeveryoneelse.___36___You’renotalone.Expertssaykidsarehavingtodealwithpressuretodrinkandsmokeatanearlierage.“Itseemstobestartingyoungerandyounger,”s