2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語UNIT3SEAEXPLORATION教學(xué)知識(shí)細(xì)解碼課時(shí)作業(yè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

PAGE課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(七)Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Theybecamefarmersandmerchants(商人)，workedinmillsandbigcompanies.2．Thisyeartheyhaveintroducedthreenewproductstoextend(擴(kuò)展)theirrange.3．SecretaryofStateJohnHayhadnegotiated(達(dá)成)aseriesofpeacetreaties.4．Hewasagoodpainter，butnotinthesameleague(水平)asPicasso.5．AftertheNormanConquesttheforestbecamearoyal(王室的)huntingpreserve.6．Itoldhimifhewithdrew(退出)itwasonhisownaccount.7．Thecompanyprovidesmorethan20free-to-airchannels(頻道)．8．Thebond(關(guān)系)ofbrotherhoodwasonetolastfromthecradletothegrave.9．Hecloseddownthebusinessandwentintopolitics(政治)．10．Hewasthebestboxerinthetournament(聯(lián)賽)．Ⅱ.閱讀理解AWhales，likedolphins，belongtoagroupofmammalscalled“cetaceans”．ThisnamecomesfromaLatinwordmeaning“l(fā)argeseaanimals”．Thereareatleastseventy-fivekindsofcetaceans.Scientistsdividethevariouskindsintotwomajorgroups—baleenwhales，whichdonothaveteeth，andtoothedwhales，whichhaveteeth.Whaleshavethesamebasicshapeasfish，buttheydifferfromfishinmanyways.Themostnoticeabledifferenceisthetail.Fishhavevertical(垂直的)tailfins(鰭)，butwhaleshavehorizontaltailfins.Fishbreathebymeansofgills(鰓)，whilewhaleshavelungsandmustcometothesurfacetobreathe.Buttheycanholdtheirbreathforlongperiods.Likeothermammals，whalesgivebirthtoliveyoungandfeedthemwithmilkproducedbythemother'sbody.Mostfish，however，layeggsanddonotfeedtheiryoung.Whalesarealsowarm-blooded—thatis，theirbodytemperatureremainsaboutthesameallthetime.Almostallfisharecold-blooded.Theirbodytemperaturechangeswithchangesinthetemperatureofthewater.Whaleshaveahighlydevelopedbrainandtheyarehighlyadvancedlifeforms.Theysingtotheiryoung，engageincomplexfamilyrelationships，andtheircommunicationskillsarefine.InDecember2005，awhale，afterbeingrescuedfromfishingnets，didn'tjustswimbacktodeepwater.Ithungaroundandtouchedeachofthediverswithitsmouth.“Knowingthatitwasfree，itstoppedaboutafootawayfromme，pushedmearoundalittlebitandhadsomefun，”saiddivemasterJamesMoskito.Hethoughtitwas“oneofthemostfantasticmoments”ofhislife.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了鯨魚和魚類的不同以及鯨魚的一些特點(diǎn)。1．AccordingtoParagraph1，whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectrelationship?A．Mammalsareatypeofcetacean.B．Cetaceansarenotatypeofmammal.C．Whalesbelongtothecetaceanfamily.D．Mammalsareatypeofwhale.C[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段第一句“Whales，likedolphins，belongtoagroupofmammalscalled‘cetaceans’．”可知，cetaceans屬于哺乳動(dòng)物，解除A、B兩項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)(哺乳動(dòng)物是鯨魚的一種)明顯不對(duì)。故選C項(xiàng)。]2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTadifferencebetweenwhalesandfish?A．Whalesbreathebymeansoflungs.B．Whaleshavetailfins.C．Whalesfeedtheiryoungwithmilk.D．Awhale'sbodytemperaturenearlydoesn'tchange.B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Themostnoticeabledifferenceisthetail.Fishhavevertical(垂直的)tailfins(鰭)，butwhaleshavehorizontaltailfins.”可知，魚和鯨魚都有尾鰭，所以答案為B項(xiàng)。]3．Whydidn'tthewhaleswimbacktotheseaafteritwassaved?A．Itlostitswayinthesea.B．Itwasseriouslywounded.C．Itwasfrightenedbythedivers.D．Itwantedtothankthedivers.D[推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Ithungaroundandtouchedeachofthediverswithitsmouth.‘Knowingthatitwasfree，itstoppedaboutafootawayfromme，pushedmearoundalittlebitandhadsomefun...’”可知，這頭鯨魚在獲救后，用肢體語言表示對(duì)潛水員的感謝。]BForyears，thegiantsquid(大王烏賊)hadremainedamodernmystery.Livinginthedarkdepthsoftheocean，thecreatureisdifficultforscientiststoobservedirectly.Ithadalsomanagedtoavoidallattemptstofilmit.ThatchangedlastJuly.Forthefirsttimeever，scientistswereabletocatchthegiantsquidonvideoinitsnaturalhabitat.Theywereamazedbywhattheysaw.ThescientistsfilmedthesquidintheNorthPacificOcean，southofTokyo，Japan.Theyfolloweditdowntoadepthof2，952feet.Theyshotmorethan23minutesofvideobeforethesquidswamoffintoevendarkerdepths.ThevideofootagewillbereleasedtothepubliclaterthismonthonTheDiscoveryChannel.TsunemiKubodera，azoologistatJapan'sNationalMuseumofNatureandScience，ledtheteamthatfilmedthesquid.Theteamwentintotheoceaninasmallsubmarinewithlightsinvisibletobothhumansandsquid.Sincegiantsquideatsmallersquid，thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidasbait(誘餌)．Thenthescientistswaitedinthepitchblackforthegiantsquidtoapproach.Thecolorvideoshowsthecreaturefloatingvertically，eatingthebaitsquid.Thegiantsquidis9to10feetlongandismissingitstwolongesttentacles(觸須)．Withthosetentacles，itcouldhavemeasuredupto26feetlong.Ithashugeblackeyes，thesizeofdinnerplates，“Itwasshiningandsobeautiful，”Kuboderasaid.Becausethedeepoceanissounfriendlytohumans，littleisknownaboutthegiantsquid.Scientistssaycatchingthemysteriouscreatureonvideoisanimportantsteptowardunderstandingit.Forcenturies，sailorshadreportedseeingahuge，ocean-dwellingbeast，thoughttobethegiantsquid.ThecreatureisalsobelievedtobethesubjectoftheNordicmythofthekraken，aseacreaturethatsupposedlyattackedshipsinScandinavianwatersoverthepastthousandsofyears.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。大王烏賊生活在深海，人們很難有機(jī)會(huì)看到它，長期以來人們對(duì)它知之甚少。最近科學(xué)家在深海拍攝到了這種神奇的生物，有望揭開其神奇的面紗。4．Whyisitdifficulttofilmthegiantsquid?A．Becauseitisillegaltofilmthegiantsquid.B．Becauseitistooexpensivetomakesuchafilm.C．Becausethegiantsquidlivesinthedarkdeepocean.D．Becausethegiantsquidisdangeroustohumans.C[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Livinginthedarkdepthsoftheocean，thecreatureisdifficultforscientiststoobservedirectly.”可知，因?yàn)榇笸鯙踬\生活在大洋深處，所以人們很難拍攝到它。]5．Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatscientists．A．firstsawthegiantsquidintheoceanB．discoveredanewseacreatureintheoceanC．havetheoceanbottomsecretlyrecordedonvideoD．havefirstcaughtthelegendarygiantsquidonvideoD[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，科學(xué)家在北太平洋下深度為2952英尺的地方第一次拍攝了一段超過23分鐘的有關(guān)大王烏賊的視頻。因此D項(xiàng)正確。]6．Accordingtothepassage，thegiantsquid'slongesttentaclescanbe．A．16to17feetlongB．9to10feetlongC．morethan26feetlongD．a(chǎn)bout36feetlongA[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，這只大王烏賊有9到10英尺長，算上它的觸須可達(dá)到26英尺長，由此可得出這只大王烏賊最長的觸須有16到17英尺長。]7．Thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidintheoceanto．A．increasethenumberofthegiantsquidB．trickthegiantsquidintocomingoutC．makeaneducationalfilmaboutitD．showconcernforthegiantsquidB[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Sincegiantsquideatsmallersquid，thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidasbait(誘餌)．”可知，科學(xué)家在大洋里放一條小烏賊的目的是將大王烏賊引誘出來。]Ⅲ.閱讀七選五Anewreportsaysplasticisresponsibleforthedamagetotheoceansandtheunderseaenvironment.ThefindingswereannouncedrecentlyataUnitedNationsconference.1Plasticthrownawaycarelesslymakesitswayintoriversandotherwaterways.2Afterawhile，itcollectsinthesea.Andplasticnevergoesaway.Plasticisnotbiodegradable-destroyedbybacteriaornaturalprocesses.Instead，itjustbreaksupintosmallerpiecesovertime.Theoceanscontainalotofchemicalsandotherpollutants.3Thatmeansharmfulmaterialmaygetintoourfoodsupply.4Humanbeingscausepollutionandtheycantakestepstostopit.Theycanusefewersingleusecontainersandthrowplasticawaycorrectly.Plasticrecyclingprogrammesalsoworkwhereoldbottlesandotherplasticarecollected，brokendownandusedtomakenewproducts.Thereportalsocallsoncompaniestoimprovemethodsforusingplastic.5Anditcallsforinformationaboutthewayplasticisthrownoutorremovedfromuse.Byputtinganewvalueonplastic，industryhasaspecialreasontocleanuptheenvironm