江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題 含解析

景德鎮(zhèn)市2024-2025學(xué)年上學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量檢測(cè)卷高二英語第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdoingnow?A.Tastingfood.B.Makingfood.C.Orderingfood.2.WhatisJerrygoingtodointheafternoon?A.Paintthebedroom.B.Visitthedentist.C.Seeamovie.3.Whenwilltheboygotobed?A.At10:00p.m.B.At10:10p.m.C.At10:20p.m.4.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Packthingsup.B.Bookahotel.C.Findataxi.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?AAthome.B.Atanoffice.C.Atacinema.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howwillthewomangototheparty?A.Shewilltakeabus.B.Shewilldrivehercar.C.ShewillgoinMs.Wilson’scar.7.Whattimewillthespeakersprobablymeetagain?A.At10:00a.m.B.At12:00p.m.C.At7:00p.m.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatwastheman’sdreamcareerwhenhewasyoung?A.Amusician.B.Aprogrammer.C.Acollegeprofessor.9.Whydoesthemanchoosehiscurrentjob?A.Thepayisveryhigh.B.Itiseasytodo.C.Itisinteresting.10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?APlanherfuturecareerwiththeman.B.Givethemananinstrumentasagift.C.Playmusicwiththeman.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthewoman’spresentationon?A.Afieldtrip.B.Photography.C.Computerprograms.12.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardthepresentation?A.Confident.B.Anxious.C.Excited.13.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Makearecord.B.Takesomephotos.C.Attendaprogram.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Wherewillthewomangonext?A.Herhome.B.Heroffice.C.Acafé.15.Whatisthemanwaitingfor?A.Acoffeetobedelivered.B.Someonetojoinameeting.C.Hiscameratogetfixed.16.Whatdoesthemanwantinhiscoffee?A.Chocolate.B.Milk.C.Sugar.17.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers.B.Sisterandbrother.C.Waitressandcustomer.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Howtomakeacareerplan.B.Howtoachievesuccess.C.Howtochoosesubjects.19.Howdothelistenersprobablyfeelnowaccordingtothespeaker?A.Excited.B.Anxious.C.Unconcerned.20.Whoisthespeakerprobably?A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.C.Atourguide.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給出的A，B，C，D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAstheexcitementoftheSummerOlympicsattractsaudiencesworldwide,itpresentsagoldenopportunitytoinspireouryoungergenerationnotjustinsportsbutinthefieldsofScience,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics(STEM).Thesedisciplines,oftenperceivedascomplex,canbemadeaccessibleandenjoyablethroughthelensoftheOlympics.Here,weexploreaseriesofinnovativeSTEMchallengesdesignedforbothlowerelementaryandupperelementarystudents,aimedatsparkingtheircuriosityandfosteringaloveforlearning.SurfingSTEMChallengeTheSurfingSTEMChallengeinvitesstudentstoexplorethefascinatingworldofmagneticforces(磁力)bykeepingasurfersuspendedinmid-air.Usingamagneticstick,studentsguidethesurfer’strack,mirroringthefluidmovementsofsurfingwaves.BasketballSTEMchallengeTheBasketballSTEMchallengeattractsstudentsbytaskingthemwithinventingabasketballgametailoredforone-handedplay,makinguseofmaterialsathand.Theactivityhighlightstheimportanceofcreativity,engineeringcapability,andcooperativeeffort,allwithinthevibrantatmosphereoftheSummerOlympics.SkateboardingSTEMActivityTheSkateboardingSTEMActivitychallengesstudentstoconstructasmallskateboard,alongwithconstructingaskateparktoshowtheirfingerboardingskills.It’sanengagingwaytoconnectwiththedynamicworldofskateboardingintheSummerOlympics,encouragingteamwork,innovation,andhands-onlearning.GolfSTEMChallengeTheGolfSTEMChallengetasksstudentswiththeexcitingprojectofdesigningandbuildingaminigolfcourse,alongwithcreatingtheirowngolfclub.ThisinnovativeapproachtolearningnotonlybringsthespiritoftheSummerOlympicsintotheclassroombutalsofostersteamwork,problem-solving,andadeeperunderstandingofthescientificconceptsbehindthegameofgolf.ClickHeretofindoutmoreinformation.1.IntheSurfingSTEMChallenge,studentslearnabout________.A.magneticforces B.wavepatterns C.surfingskills D.fluiddynamics2.WhatdoSkateboardingSTEMActivityandGolfSTEMChallengehaveincommon?A.Theybothemphasizeteamworkandscientificconcepts.B.Theybothencouragestudentstobuildsomethingphysical.C.Theyarebotheagertoimprovestudents’emotionalskills.D.Theybothattempttoconnectstudentswiththenaturalworld.3.Whereisthispassagemostlikelytobefound?A.Onablog B.Inareport C.Onawebsite D.Inamagazine【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾個(gè)結(jié)合夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)主題的STEM教育活動(dòng)，旨在激發(fā)小學(xué)生對(duì)科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)的興趣?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章SurfingSTEMChallenge部分“TheSurfingSTEMChallengeinvitesstudentstoexplorethefascinatingworldofmagneticforcesbykeepingasurfersuspendedinmid-air.(沖浪STEM挑戰(zhàn)賽邀請(qǐng)學(xué)生通過讓沖浪者懸浮在半空中來探索磁力的迷人世界)”可知，在沖浪STEM挑戰(zhàn)賽中，學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)磁力的知識(shí)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章SkateboardingSTEMActivity部分“TheBasketballSTEMchallengeattractsstudentsbytaskingthemwithinventingabasketballgametailoredforone-handedplay,makinguseofmaterialsathand.(滑板STEM活動(dòng)挑戰(zhàn)學(xué)生構(gòu)建一個(gè)小滑板，以及建設(shè)一個(gè)滑板公園來展示他們的指板技巧)”及GolfSTEMChallenge部分“TheGolfSTEMChallengetasksstudentswiththeexcitingprojectofdesigningandbuildingaminigolfcourse,alongwithcreatingtheirowngolfclub.(高爾夫STEM挑戰(zhàn)任務(wù)學(xué)生完成一個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的項(xiàng)目，即設(shè)計(jì)和建造一個(gè)迷你高爾夫球場(chǎng)，以及創(chuàng)建自己的高爾夫球桿)”可知，它們都鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生建造實(shí)物。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“ClickHeretofindoutmoreinformation.(點(diǎn)擊這里了解更多信息)”可知，文章來自網(wǎng)絡(luò)。故選C項(xiàng)。BWhenStanfordUniversitystudent.EllenXu,now18,wasafive-year-oldinSanDiego,California,sheclearlyremembersthatherparentsrushedherlittlesistertothehospital.Three-year-oldKatehadfallenseriouslyill;shehadafever,reddenedeyes,andsomeswellinginherhandsandtongue.Atfirst,thepuzzleddoctorsthoughtshehadflu,butwhenherconditiondidn’timprove,theXusreturnedtotheclinicroom,whereadoctorbychancehadasimilarearlierexperiencewithsuchsymptomsinthebloodknownasKawasakidisease.Thoughrare,it’stheleadingcauseoftheheartdiseaseinbabiesandyoungchildren,anditscausesremainunknown.Thedoctorknewhowtotreatit:HeorderedsomemedicineforKate,andfinallysheshookoff-theillnesswithoutsufferingdamagetoherheart.Xuremembersbeingcuriousabouthersister’sillnessconditionandwasamazedthatthegrown-upscouldn’tanswerherquestionsaboutwhyitwassohardtocheck.“Inmymind,itwasthispuzzleIwantedtosolve,”shesays.Tenyearslater,wantingtoenterahighschoolsciencefair,shehadanidea.Whatifwehadadoctorinourpocket?Soshecreatedjustthat:UsingAI,Xudesignedaprogramthatusesvisualfactstocheckthediseasebasedonfivephysicalsymptoms.Thetechnologyworksthesamewayasappsthatcanidentifybirdsandplantswithphotosyou’vetakenonyourcellphone.Worriedparentscanuploadaphotothattheyhavetakenoftheirchild,andthetechnologywillscanthepictureforsymptomsofthedisease,whichoftenhavestrongvisualfactors,suchasaswollentongue.Xu’sinventionhasbeenappliedasawebapponthewebsite.“Thetechnologycouldalsobedevelopedforrecognizingsomeotherdiseases,”shesays.“Itmeansalottome.IwanttouseAItohelppeoplelivehappierandhealthierlives.”XusaysthathersisterKale,nowinherthirdyearofhighschoolwithdreamsofbecominganenvironmentalengineer,isstrongandhealthy.4.WhenKatewasthreeyearsold,shehadthesymptomsEXCEPT________.A.afever B.acough C.reddenedeyes D.swellinginhands5.WhatinspiredEllentostarttheprogram?A.Towinamedal. B.Tosavehersister. C.Toscanuniqueplants. D.Tohelppeopleinneed.6.HowdoesEllen’sprogramwork?A.Byaskingdetailedquestionsaboutthesymptoms.B.Byanalyzingthetextdescriptionofthesymptoms.C.Byidentifyingthesymptomsinuploadedphotos.D.Bydirectlycommunicatingwithdoctorsfordiagnosis.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeEllenaccordingtothetext?A.stubbornbutcareful B.warm-heartedandoutgoingC.hardworkingandcommitted D.innovativeandcaring【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了18歲的斯坦福大學(xué)學(xué)生EllenXu在回憶起5歲時(shí)妹妹Kate患川崎病的經(jīng)歷后，因?qū)Ξ?dāng)時(shí)大人們無法回答自己關(guān)于這種疑難病癥的疑問而感到好奇，于是在10年后利用AI設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)基于五種身體癥狀的視覺信息來檢查疾病的程序?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Three-year-oldKatehadfallenseriouslyill;shehadafever,reddenedeyes,andsomeswellinginherhandsandtongue.(三歲的凱特病得很嚴(yán)重；她發(fā)燒、眼睛發(fā)紅，手和舌頭有些腫脹。)”可知，Kate的癥狀有afever,reddenedeyes,andsomeswellinginherhandsandtongue，沒有提到acough。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Whatifwehadadoctorinourpocket?Soshecreatedjustthat:UsingAI,Xudesignedaprogramthatusesvisualfactstocheckthediseasebasedonfivephysicalsymptoms.(如果我們口袋里有個(gè)醫(yī)生呢？因此，她創(chuàng)造了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目：使用AI，Xu設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)程序，該程序使用視覺事實(shí)根據(jù)五種身體癥狀來檢查疾病。)”可知，Ellen看到妹妹生病時(shí)大人們無法解答她的疑問，后來想要有個(gè)“口袋醫(yī)生”，她創(chuàng)造了利用AI識(shí)別疾病的程序，目的是幫助有需要的人，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“Worriedparentscanuploadaphotothattheyhavetakenoftheirchild,andthetechnologywillscanthepictureforsymptomsofthedisease,whichoftenhavestrongvisualfactors,suchasaswollentongue.(擔(dān)心的父母可以上傳他們?yōu)楹⒆优臄z的照片，該技術(shù)將掃描照片以查找疾病癥狀，這些癥狀通常具有強(qiáng)烈的視覺因素，例如舌頭腫脹。)”可知，Ellen的程序通過識(shí)別上傳照片中的癥狀來運(yùn)作的，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段中“Xu’sinventionhasbeenappliedasawebapponthewebsite.‘Thetechnologycouldalsobedevelopedforrecognizingsomeotherdiseases,’shesays.‘Itmeansalottome.IwanttouseAItohelppeoplelivehappierandhealthierlives.’(Xu的發(fā)明已作為網(wǎng)站上的Web應(yīng)用程序應(yīng)用。“這項(xiàng)技術(shù)也可以開發(fā)用于識(shí)別其他一些疾病，”她說?！斑@對(duì)我來說意義重大。我想用AI幫助人們過上更快樂、更健康的生活?！?”可知，Ellen創(chuàng)造了利用AI識(shí)別疾病的程序，體現(xiàn)了她的創(chuàng)新；她想幫助人們過上更幸福、更健康的生活，說明她有愛心，故選D項(xiàng)。CTherewasatimewhenatriptothesupermarketintheUnitedStatesoftenendedwithaseeminglysimplequestionfromthecashier:“Paperorplastic?”Well,whichtypeofbagwouldyouchoose?Whilealltypesofbagshavesomeinfluenceontheenvironment,ithaslongbeensupposedthatpaperbagsarekinder.Theyaremadefromarenewablesource,breakdowneasily,burnwithoutgivingoffthicksmokeandcanberecycled.However,theproducingprocessbehindpaperbagsusesmoreenergythanthatofplasticones.Howcanthisbetrue?Studiesshowthatpaperbagproductionrequiresfourtimesasmuchenergyasplasticbagproduction.Andtheamountofwaterusedtomakepaperbagsistwentytimeshigher.Besides,theinfluenceonforestsisveryserious.Ittakesaboutfourteenmilliontreestoproducetenbillionpaperbags,whichhappenstobethenumberofbagsusedintheUnitedStatesyearly.Intermsofrecycling,theideathatpaperbagsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanplasticonescanbequicklydiscarded.Researchshowsitrequiresabout98%lessenergytorecycleplasticthanitdoestorecyclepaper.Eventhoughpaperbagsmightbemoreharmfulthanplasticones,plasticstillseemstobeconsideredbygovernmentsasthemoreharmfulofthetwo.InIreland,forexample,ataxhasbeenintroducedtodiscouragetheuseofplasticbags.Peoplehavetopay22centsforeveryplasticbag,andasaresult,theirusehasdroppedquickly.There’snodoubtthatitmakesmoresensetoreusethesebags.However,wedon’tseemtobedoingthatatpresent.Clothbagsareabetterchoice,butstill,theirproductionalsohasabadinfluenceontheenvironment.Sowhattodo?Howshouldweanswerthequestionof“Paperorplastic?”Itseemsthatwefirstneedtoaskourselvesonemoregeneralquestion:“WhatcanIdotohelptheenvironment?”8.Thequestion“Paperorplastic?”isusedto________.A.introducethetopic B.attractcustomers’attentionC.entertaincustomers D.promotepaperbags9.Whatdowelearnfromparagraph3?A.Paperbagscausemorepollutionwhenburned. B.Paperbagswillmakeuslosealltheforests.C.Paperbagsarenogreenerthanplasticones. D.Paperbagsaren’tmadefromrenewableresources.10.InIreland,theuseofplasticbagshasdroppedquicklybecause________.A.freeplasticbagsarenolongeravailable B.thegovernmenthasbannedplasticbagsC.peoplerealizetheharmofplasticbags D.paperbagshavebecomemorepopular11.Whatmaybetheauthor’srecommendation?A.Alwayschoosepaperbags. B.Usethesamebagmanytimes.C.Usemoreclothbags. D.Stopusingbagscompletely.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章以超市收銀員常問的“要紙袋還是塑料袋？”這一問題引出話題，通過對(duì)比紙袋和塑料袋對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，指出紙袋并不比塑料袋更環(huán)保，同時(shí)提到愛爾蘭通過征稅減少塑料袋使用的例子，最后引發(fā)思考，即我們應(yīng)該通過重復(fù)使用袋子等方式來保護(hù)環(huán)境，而不是簡(jiǎn)單地在紙袋和塑料袋之間做選擇?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TherewasatimewhenatriptothesupermarketintheUnitedStatesoftenendedwithaseeminglysimplequestionfromthecashier:‘Paperorplastic?’Well,whichtypeofbagwouldyouchoose?(曾幾何時(shí)，去美國(guó)超市的旅程經(jīng)常以收銀員看似簡(jiǎn)單的問題結(jié)束：“紙還是塑料？”那么，你會(huì)選擇哪種類型的包呢？)”可知這個(gè)問題在文章開頭被提出，目的是引出關(guān)于紙袋和塑料袋對(duì)環(huán)境影響的話題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Studiesshowthatpaperbagproductionrequiresfourtimesasmuchenergyasplasticbagproduction.Andtheamountofwaterusedtomakepaperbagsistwentytimeshigher.Besides,theinfluenceonforestsisveryserious.Ittakesaboutfourteenmilliontreestoproducetenbillionpaperbags,whichhappenstobethenumberofbagsusedintheUnitedStatesyearly.Intermsofrecycling,theideathatpaperbagsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanplasticonescanbequicklydiscarded.Researchshowsitrequiresabout98%lessenergytorecycleplasticthanitdoestorecyclepaper.(研究表明，紙袋生產(chǎn)所需的能源是塑料袋生產(chǎn)的四倍。制作紙袋的水量要高出20倍。此外，對(duì)森林的影響非常嚴(yán)重。生產(chǎn)100億個(gè)紙袋大約需要1400萬棵樹，這恰好是美國(guó)每年使用的袋子數(shù)量。在回收方面，紙袋比塑料袋更環(huán)保的想法可以很快被丟棄。研究表明，回收塑料所需的能源比回收紙張少98%左右。)”可知，通過對(duì)比紙袋和塑料袋的生產(chǎn)過程中所需的能源、用水量以及對(duì)森林的影響和回收所需的能量等方面，得出紙袋并不比塑料袋更環(huán)保的結(jié)論，故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“InIreland,forexample,ataxhasbeenintroducedtodiscouragetheuseofplasticbags.Peoplehavetopay22centsforeveryplasticbag,andasaresult,theirusehasdroppedquickly.(例如，在愛爾蘭，已經(jīng)引入了一項(xiàng)稅收來阻止使用塑料袋。人們必須為每個(gè)塑料袋支付22美分，因此，它們的使用量迅速下降。)”可知，在愛爾蘭，人們對(duì)每個(gè)塑料袋要支付22美分，這相當(dāng)于塑料袋不再免費(fèi)提供，所以其使用量迅速下降。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“There’snodoubtthatitmakesmoresensetoreusethesebags.(毫無疑問，重復(fù)使用這些袋子更有意義。)”可知，作者可能會(huì)建議多次使用同一個(gè)袋子來減少對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。故選B項(xiàng)。DAnIsraelistudyhasindicatesplantsmakenoiseabitwhentheyarestressedfromalackofwaterorhavingtheirstems(莖)cut.Thesoundsareaboutthesamevolume(音量)asnormalhumanconversation.However,thepitch(音高)istoohighforpeopletohear.Theresearchersbelieveinsects,othermammalsandmaybeevenotherplantscanprobablyhearthesoundofthestressedplants.“Eveninaquietfield,thereareactuallysoundswedon’thear,andthosesoundscarryinformation,”saidLilachHadany,aprofessorfromTelAvivUniversity.“Someanimalscanhearthesesounds,sothereisapossibilitythatalotofinteractionisoccurring.”Theresearchersusedmicrophonestorecordhealthyandstressedtomatoplants,andtrainedamachinelearningalgorithm(算法)todistinguishbetweenunstressedplants,thirstyplantsandcutplants.Theyfoundthatstressedplantsgiveoutmoresoundsthanunstressedones.Thesoundsfromstressedplantswerelikepopsorclicks.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalCell,foundthirstyplantsbeganmakingnoisebeforetheyvisiblydehydrated,andthefrequencyofsoundsreachedthehighestafterfivedayswithnowater,beforedecreasingagainastheplantsdriedupcompletely.Hadanysaidhappyplantswerefoundtomakefarfewersounds.Whentomatoplantswerenotstressedatall,theywereveryquiet.Thestudyalsofoundsoundrecordingsofplantscouldbeusefulinagriculturetoensurecropsgetenoughwateranddistributewaterwhereitwasneededmost.However,it’sunclearwhyplantsproducethesesoundsandwhomightbelistening.ProfessorHadanysaid,“Wearecurrentlyinvestigatingtheresponsesofotherorganisms,bothanimalsandplants,tothesesounds,andwe’realsoexploringourabilitytoidentifyandinterpretthesoundsincompletelynaturalenvironments.”12.Inwhichofthefollowingsituationmightplantsmakesounds?A.whentheyareplayedmusic. B.whentheirstemsarebrokenC.whentheyareenjoyingsunlight D.whentheyareofferedshelter13.Whatistheclosestmeaningoftheunderlinedword“dehydrated”inparagraph4?A.driedout B.givenout C.putout D.laidout14.WhatisthemainfocusofProfessorHadany’spresentresearch?A.Makingplantsproduceloudersoundsandapplythemtopractice.B.Understandingwhyplantsmakesoundsandthepotentiallisteners.C.Updatingtheknowledgeofplantstohumansandpromotelearning.D.Developinganewmachinelearningalgorithmtorecordplantsounds.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.HowPlantsTalkwithEachOther B.PlantSounds:AnUnexploredfieldC.UncoveringtheSecretsofPlantNoises D.TheSoundsofPlantsinStressandBeyond【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了以色列的一項(xiàng)研究，表明植物在缺水或莖被切斷等壓力情況下會(huì)發(fā)出聲音，并探討了這些聲音的潛在聽眾和意義。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AnIsraelistudyhasindicatesplantsmakenoiseabitwhentheyarestressedfromalackofwaterorhavingtheirstemscut.(一項(xiàng)以色列研究表明，植物在缺水或莖被切斷等壓力情況下會(huì)發(fā)出一些聲音)”可知，當(dāng)植物的莖被折斷時(shí)，它們可能會(huì)發(fā)出聲音。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第四段劃線詞后“andthefrequencyofsoundsreachedthehighestafterfivedayswithnowater,beforedecreasingagainastheplantsdriedupcompletely.(而且五天不給水后，聲音的頻率達(dá)到最高，然后隨著植物完全干燥而再次下降)”可推知，口渴的植物在明顯脫水之前就開始發(fā)出噪音，故劃線詞與A項(xiàng)driedout“變干，干涸”意義相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“However,it’sunclearwhyplantsproducethesesoundsandwhomightbelistening.(然而，目前尚不清楚植物為什么會(huì)發(fā)出這些聲音以及誰會(huì)聽到這些聲音)”可知，Hadiany教授目前的研究重點(diǎn)是理解為什么植物會(huì)發(fā)出聲音以及可能的聽眾。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文及文章第一段“AnIsraelistudyhasindicatesplantsmakenoiseabitwhentheyarestressedfromalackofwaterorhavingtheirstemscut.(一項(xiàng)以色列研究表明，植物在缺水或莖被切斷等壓力情況下會(huì)發(fā)出一些聲音)”可知，本文主要討論了植物在壓力下發(fā)出的聲音及其潛在意義，故D項(xiàng)“壓力下和擺脫壓力的植物的聲音”適合作為文章的標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。There’sanarttoarrangingpicturesonawall.___16___.Areyoutryingtobesurprisingwithyourpictureplacement?Areyoutryingtoarousecuriosityorattractpeople’sattentiontoaparticularartwork?Onceyou’veidentifiedthegoal,letthefollowinggeneralprinciplesguideyou.GettheheightrightConventionalwisdomsaysartshouldbehungateyelevel.But“eyelevel”meansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Soabasicruleistohangpiecessothattheircentersare56to60inchesabovethefloor.Andiftheartisgoingoverfurniture,aimtohangit8to10inchesfromthetopofthesofaorwhateverpieceisbeneathit.Whateverheightyouchoose,keepinmind:fromapsychologicalperspective,ifit’sascenefromnature,forexample,___17___.TakecarewhengroupingpiecesWhengroupingartpiecestocreateagallerywall,giveprioritytothethingthatismostspecial.___18___,ensuringthereisavisuallyequaldistancebetweenoneanother.Agoodruleistoaimfortwoinchesapartwithsmalleritems,andatmostsixinchesapartwithlargerworks.Inthiscase,itbringspeopleaharmoniousvisualeffect.___19___Whenarrangingartworkinagroup,lookforoneortwoelements(元素)thatrepeatbetweenthepieces,whetherit’sasimilarcolor,oraparticularstyleofframe(框架).Whentheyallsharethiscommoncharacteristic,thebrainsays,“Oh,thiswasmeanttobe,”—itbecomeseasiertoprocesswhatyou’relookingat.Createbalanceandsymmetry(對(duì)稱)Researchshowsthathumansprefersymmetry.A2018studyfromtheUniversityofViennafoundthatbotharthistoryandpsychologystudentsattheuniversitylevelprefersymmetricalpatternswithartoverasymmetricalones;Inotherexperiments,researchersinRomefoundthatvisualsymmetryevenleadstopositivemoodchangesinviewers.MakeaproperarrangementBeforeyoucommittothearrangementyouhaveinmindbyhammering(捶打)holesintoawall,layoutwhatyouplanonthefloorinadvancetogetasenseofhowitwilllook.Considerthisarehearsal(彩排)foryourpersonalartshow.___20___.A.Locateaconsistentlink.B.Ensuretwoimportantrepeatedelements.C.Bemindfulofthespacebetweentheframes.Dit’smostrelaxingifitseemslikewecanstepintoit.E.Onceyou’vegotthecorrectlayout,hammerthenails.F.itshouldbehungashighaspossibletobemoredramatic.G.Thefirststepistothinkaboutwhatyou’retryingtoachieve.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文就如何把畫掛在墻上提出幾點(diǎn)建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上句“There’sanarttoarrangingpicturesonawall.(把畫掛在墻上是一門藝術(shù)。)”以及后句“Areyoutryingtobesurprisingwithyourpictureplacement?Areyoutryingtoarousecuriosityorattractpeople’sattentiontoaparticularartwork?(你是想用你的照片來給人驚喜嗎？你是想引起人們對(duì)某件藝術(shù)品的好奇心還是想吸引人們的注意力？)”為把畫掛在墻上的效果的具體介紹?？芍?，設(shè)空處承上啟下，說明畫掛在墻上需要思考想要達(dá)到的效果，G項(xiàng)：Thefirststepistothinkaboutwhatyou’retryingtoachieve(第一步是想想你想要達(dá)到什么目標(biāo))合乎題意，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Whateverheightyouchoose,keepinmind:fromapsychologicalperspective,ifit’sascenefromnature,forexample,(從心理學(xué)的角度來看，無論你選擇什么高度，都要記?。豪?，如果是大自然的場(chǎng)景)”可知，設(shè)空處為如果是大自然的場(chǎng)景，從心理學(xué)的角度來看應(yīng)該達(dá)到的效果，D項(xiàng)：it’smostrelaxingifitseemslikewecanstepintoit(如果我們可以進(jìn)入大自然的場(chǎng)景，那是最放松的)合乎題意。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后句“ensuringthereisavisuallyequaldistancebetweenoneanother.(確保彼此之間的視覺距離相等。)”可知，確保彼此之間的視覺距離相等，需要注意框架之間的空間。C項(xiàng)：Bemindfulofthespacebetweentheframes(注意框架之間的空間)合乎題意。故選C?！?9題詳解】設(shè)空處概括本段內(nèi)容，為本段小標(biāo)題，設(shè)空處與上下段的首句句式保持一致，即應(yīng)是祈使句。根據(jù)本段“Whenarrangingartworkinagroup,lookforoneortwoelements(元素)thatrepeatbetweenthepieces,whetherit’sasimilarcolor,oraparticularstyleofframe(框架)(在一組作品中安排藝術(shù)品時(shí)，尋找一兩個(gè)在作品之間重復(fù)的元素，無論是相似的顏色，還是特定風(fēng)格的框架)”可知，這樣做的目的是確保一致性鏈接，A項(xiàng)：Locateaconsistentlink(確定一致性鏈接)概括本段，合乎題意。故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Beforeyoucommittothearrangementyouhaveinmindbyhammering(捶打)holesintoawall,layoutwhatyouplanonthefloorinadvancetogetasenseofhowitwilllook.(在你打算在墻上打洞之前，先把你的計(jì)劃放在地板上，了解一下它會(huì)是什么樣子。)”可知，設(shè)空處承接上句，說明確定好后，下一步的做法，E項(xiàng)：Onceyou’vegotthecorrectlayout,hammerthenails(一旦你有了正確的布局，錘釘子)合乎題意。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A，B，C，D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwas8,myfamilymovedintoourbrand-newhome.Myparentshadadaptedittoourown___21___needsandinterests,includingbuilt-inbookshelvesto___22___theirhundredsofbooksandalarge,brightsunroomtoshelteralltheplantsmygarden-lovingfatherplannedtogrow.Unfortunately,afewmonthslater,aheartattack___23___hislife.Mymother,whoneverhad___24___filledoursunroomwithlow-lightplantslikeferns(蕨類植物),whichconsistentlydiedoff.Insteadofgivingup,she___25___overyearsandeventuallygotbetterthroughtrialanderror.Sheneverspecificallysaidshewantedtobecomeabettergardenerasawaytokeepmydad’smemoryalive,butIknewthesightofthe___26___couldcalltomindtheirhappytime.Itwasa___27___toherthatatleastpartoftheroomalwayshadplantsgrowinginit.Thenlastyear,Momexperiencedaseriesof___28___thatlandedherinhospital.AsIwasthoroughly___29___withtendingherwhileraisingkidsandworking,Ifelt____30____tothepointofbreakdown.____31____,Ialwaysgotrechargedwhen____32____herplants,especiallyherenormousferns—nowathomeinamoreappropriate____33____spot.Mommaynotbewithusmuchlonger,forherhealthhas____34____significantly.It’smy____35____todevelopagreenthumb—nursingherplantsisafuturesourceofcomfortthatwecouldbealwaystogether.21.A.urgent B.particular C.basic D.formal22.A.house B.contain C.keep D.hide23.A.wasted B.affected C.threatened D.claimed24.A.goldentouch B.silvertongue C.brownthumbs D.greenfingers25.A.examined B.explored C.experimented D.discovered26.A.books B.bookshelves C.plants D.home27.A.comfort B.promise C.reward D.habit28.A.rises B.climbs C.falls D.advances29.A.disappointed B.occupied C.bored D.associated30.A.energetic B.excited C.discouraged D.exhausted31A.Logically B.Systematically C.Magically D.Consequently32.A.shoutingat B.cleaningaway C.cuttingdown D.caringfor33.A.warm B.shady C.sunny D.cold34.A.improved B.declined C.changed D.increased35.A.turn B.decision C.dream D.future【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.D25.C26.C27.A28.C29.B30.D31.C32.D33.B34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了從爸爸到媽媽再到作者在養(yǎng)植物的過程中得到安慰的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母根據(jù)我們自己的特殊需求和興趣定制了它，包括內(nèi)置書架，用來存放他們的數(shù)百本書，還有一個(gè)明亮的大日光室，用來遮擋我愛花園的父親計(jì)劃種植的所有植物。A.urgent緊急的；B.particular特殊的；C.basic基本的；D.formal正式的。根據(jù)下文“needsandinterests”可知，這里說的是根據(jù)我們的特殊需求來定制的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母根據(jù)我們自己的特殊需求和興趣定制了它，包括內(nèi)置書架，用來存放他們的數(shù)百本書，還有一個(gè)明亮的大日光室，用來遮擋我愛花園的父親計(jì)劃種植的所有植物。A.house收藏存放；B.contain包括；C.keep保持；D.hide躲藏。根據(jù)上文“built-inbookshelves”可知，書架用來存放他們的數(shù)百本書。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，幾個(gè)月后，心臟病發(fā)作奪去了他的生命。A.wasted浪費(fèi)；B.affected影響；C.threatened威脅；D.claimed奪去生命。根據(jù)上文“aheartattack(心臟病發(fā)作)”可知，此處說的是奪去了他的生命。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞短語辨析。句意：我的母親不擅長(zhǎng)園藝，她在我們的日光室里種了一些低光的植物，比如蕨類植物，這些植物一直在曬傷。A.goldentouch金色之觸；B.silvertongue善于言辭；C.brownthumbs園藝技能差；D.greenfingers擅長(zhǎng)園藝的人。根據(jù)下文“filledoursunroomwithlow-lightplantslikeferns(蕨類植物),whichconsistentlydiedoff”可知，母親不善于園藝。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她沒有放棄，而是進(jìn)行了多年的實(shí)驗(yàn)，最終通過試錯(cuò)變得更好。A.examined檢查；B.explored探索；C.experimented實(shí)驗(yàn)；D.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“eventuallygotbetterthroughtrialanderror.”可知，進(jìn)行了多年的實(shí)驗(yàn)，最終通過試錯(cuò)變得更好。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她從來沒有特別說過她想成為一名更好的園丁，以此來紀(jì)念我父親，但我知道看到這些植物會(huì)讓我想起他們的快樂時(shí)光。A.books書籍；B.bookshelves書架；C.plants植物；D.home家。根據(jù)上文“plants”可知，這些植物會(huì)讓我想起他們的快樂時(shí)光。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：房間里至少有一部分總是長(zhǎng)著植物，這讓她感到安慰。A.comfort安慰；B.promise承諾；C.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.habit習(xí)慣。根據(jù)下文“atleastpartoftheroomalwayshadplantsgrowinginit(房間里至少有一部分總是長(zhǎng)著植物)”可知，這些植物讓媽媽感到安慰。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，去年，媽媽經(jīng)歷了一系列的摔倒，導(dǎo)致她住院。A.rises上升；B.climbs爬；C.falls摔倒；D.advances進(jìn)步。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)andedherinhospital.”可知，摔倒導(dǎo)致住院。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我在撫養(yǎng)孩子和工作的同時(shí)全神貫注于照顧她時(shí)，我感到筋疲力盡。A.disappointed失望的；B.occupied忙的，全身心的；C.bored無聊的；D.cassociated相關(guān)的。根據(jù)下文“Ifelt___tothepointofbreakdown”可知，這里要說的是全身心的照顧媽媽。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我在撫養(yǎng)孩子和工作的同時(shí)全神貫注于照顧她時(shí)，我感到筋疲力盡，到了崩潰的邊緣。A.energetic精力充沛的；B.excited興奮的；C.discouraged氣餒的；D.exhausted筋疲力盡的。根據(jù)下文“thepointofbreakdown”可知，我感到筋疲力盡。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：神奇的是，在照顧她的植物時(shí)，我總是充滿活力，尤其是她巨大的蕨類植物——現(xiàn)在在家里一個(gè)更合適的陰涼處。A.Logically有邏輯地；B.Systematically系統(tǒng)地；C.Magically神奇地；D.Consequently因此。根據(jù)下文“Ialwaysgotrecharged”可知，神奇的是，在照顧她的植物時(shí)，我總是充滿活力。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：神奇的是，在照顧她的植物時(shí)，我總是充滿活力，尤其