專題04-2021年云南中考英語閱讀理解（閱讀選擇閱讀判斷）考前搶分練

考前練04（閱讀選擇+閱讀判斷）Part1閱讀選擇Passage1WhenyoulearnEnglish,you'llfinditnoteasytotranslateasentence,wordbyword,intoChinese.Takethesentence“Getcoldfeet.”forexample.Ifyoulookupeachwordinthedictionary,oneatatime,whatisyourtranslation?Itmustbeawrongsentenceinyourownlanguage.Ifyouwanttogettherightanswer,youneedreadmoreinformationoraskyourteacherforhelp.Finally,youcangetit“Feelafraidandstaywhereyouare.”Languagesdon'tjusthavedifferentsoundsandtheyaredifferentinmanyways.It'simportanttomastertherulesforwordorderinthestudyofEnglish,too.Ifthespeakersputwordsindifferentorders,thelistenersmayunderstandthespeakers'sentencesindifferentways.WhentheorderofwordsinanEnglishsentenceischanged,themeaningofthesentencedoesn'tchange.Forexample,“Ihaveseenthefilmalready”“Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.”ButsometimesthemeaningofthesentencewillchangeiftheorderofwordsinanEnglishsentenceischanged.Forexample,“Sheonlylikesapples.”“Onlyshelikesapples.”Englishisaforeignlanguage,whichisspokenbypeopleallovertheworld.WhenyouarelearningEnglish,youmustdoyourbesttogetthespiritofthelanguageanduseitastheEnglishspeakerdoes.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。1．WhenwetranslateanEnglishsentence,whatshouldwedo?A．Lookupeachwordinthedictionaryandtranslateitwordbyword.B．ConnectthemeaningofeverywordwithChinese.C．TrytosayanythinginChinese.D．Readmoreinformationoraskteachersforhelp.2．Ifthespeakersputtheorderofwordsdifferently,thelisteners________.A．canmastertherulesforwordorder B．can'tguessthechangeC．maymisunderstandthemeaning D．maynotunderstandthesounds3．“Sheonlylikesapples.”is________“Onlyshelikesapples.”A．differentfrom B．thesameas C．changedby D．spokenby4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．“Getcoldfeet.”means“Feelafraidandrunaway.”B．It'seasytomastertherulesforwordorderinthestudyofEnglish.C．IftheorderofwordsinEnglishsentencesischanged,themeaningofthesentencemaychange.D．WhenyoulearnEnglish,youshouldn'tgetthespiritofthelanguage.5．Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A．Atravelmagazine. B．Astorybook.C．Alanguagelearningwebsite. D．TheCDplayerinstructions.Passage2Therewasaproudteak(柚木)treeintheforest.Hewastallandstrong.Therewasasmallherb(香草)nexttothetree.Theteaktreesaid,"Iamveryhandsomeandstrong.Noonecarbeatme."Hearingthis,theherbreplied,"Dearfriend,toomuchprideisharmful.Eventhestrongwillfalloneday."Theteakdidn'tnoticetheherb'swords.Hecontinuedtopraisehimself.Astrongwindblew.Theteakstoodstraight.Evenwhenitrained,theteakstoodstrongbyspreadingitsleaves.Duringthesetimes,theherbbowedlow.Theteaklaughedattheherb.Oneday,therewasastormintheforest.Theherbbowedlower.Asusual,theteakdidnotwanttobow.Thestormkeptgrowingstronger.Theteakcouldn'tstandit.Hefelthisenergywasgone.Hetriedhisbesttostandstraight,butintheend,hefelldown.Thatwastheendoftheproudtree.Wheneverythingwascalmagain,theherbstoodstraight.Helookedaround.Hesawthattheproudteakhadfallen.6．Facingthestrongwind,theteak________.A．hadtobow B．begantocry C．feltafraid D．stoodstraight7．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Theteakwastallandstrong B．Theherbwasveryproud.C．Theteakwasveryproud. D．Theteaklaughedattheherb.8．Whenthestrongstormcame,theteakstoodstraightasusualbecause________.A．hedidn'tdaretobow B．hethoughthewasstrongenoughtostanditC．hewaslaughedatbytheherb D．hewastooweaktobow9．Wherecanwereadthestory?A．Inasciencebook. B．Inahealthmagazine.C．Inastorybook. D．Inatravelguide10．Fromthestory,weknow________.A．pridegoesbeforeafall B．timeismoneyC．nopain,nogain D．practicemakesperfectPassage3Wanttobeahero?BettertakeatriptotheGreatWall.Asthesayinggoes:youarenotaherountilyouhaveclimbedtheGreatWall.AndrecentresearchshowstheGreatWallisevengreaterthanpeoplethought.Itisknownforitssizeandlength,traditionallydescribedas“alongwallof10,000li(5,000km)”.ButChina’sStateAdministrationofculturalheritagemadeareportsayingthewallactuallyis21,196.18kmlong.Althoughyou’renota“hero”yet,you’llhaveseentheGreatWallonpostcardsandTVdocumentaries.TheNationalGeographicsaidthatthisgreatwork“isoneoftheworld’sgreatfeats(壯舉)ofengineeringandanenduringmonument(不朽的豐碑)tothestrengthofanancientcivilization”.BuildingtheGreatWallinancienttimesrequiredyearsofhardwork.LegendhasitthatawomannamedMengJiangnuoftheQinDynastywentalongwaytotheGreatWallinsearchofherhusband,whowasoneoftheworkerscalleduptobuildthewall.Shefinallyfoundhimdeadbecauseofhardwork.Shestartedtocry,andsuddenlyasectionoftheGreatWallfelldown.Andthere’sanotherpopularlegendabouttheGreatWall—itissaidtobethe“only”manmadestructurethatcanbeseenfromspace.But,thetruthisthatwhileastronautscanspottheGreatWall,theycanalsoseeotherthingsliketheGizapyramidsinEgyptandevenairportrunways.11．TheresearchshowstheGreatWallisgreaterthanpeoplethoughtbecause________.A．itisalongwallof10,000liB．itiswellknownforitslonghistoryC．itismuchlongerthanpeopleknewD．itismucholderthanpeoplefirstthought12．WhatdoesthewriterwanttoexplainbytellingthelegendofMengJiangnu?A．WhyasectionoftheGreatWallfelldown.B．TheGreatWallwasbuiltthankstomanypeople’shardwork.C．MengJiangnuwasagreatwomaninChinesehistory.D．TheGreatWallwasbuiltintheQinDynasty.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“civilization”meaninChinese?A．啟發(fā) B．城市 C．市民 D．文明14．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．TherearelegendsabouttheGreatWall.B．It’ssaidthattheGreatWallcanbeseenfromspace.C．TheGreatWallistheonlymanmadestructureintheworld.D．TheGreatWallisgreatbecauseastronautcanseeitfromspace.15．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．HistoryoftheGreatWallB．TheGreatWall’sroleinChinaC．TheGreatWallisgrowinggreaterD．LegendsoftheGreatWallarenotalltruePassage4Embroidery(刺繡)isanimportantartforminChineseculture.ThemostfamousembroiderystylesareSuembroideryfromSuzhou,ShuembroideryfromSichuan,XiangembroideryfromHunanandYueembroideryfromGuangdong.Shuembroideryistheoldestofthefour.ItdatesbacktotheHanDynasty(206BC220AD).PeoplesoldittoothercountriesthroughtheSouthSilkRoad.Embroiderytakestimeandpatience.Sincemodernmachinescanmakecheaperembroideryproductstoday,fewerpeoplebuyhandmadeShuembroideryproducts.Theyarealsoveryfewyoungembroiderers.Sotheskillisindangerofdyingout.Toprotecttheskill,ShuembroiderywasaddedtoChina'sintangibleculturalheritagelist(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)目錄)in2006.MengDezhihasbeenmakingShuembroideryforfortyyears.The59yearoldisanationallevelinheritor(傳承人)oftheartform.SheusedtoworkattheChengduShuEmbroideryFactory.Butin2006,thefactorywentbrokeandMenglostherjob.Wantingtosavetheart,MengwantedtohaveherownplaceandteachShuembroiderytoothers.It'shardwork.Workersneedtodivideeachsilkthread(線)intomorethantenoreventhirtypieces.Eachpieceisthinnerthanasinglehumanhair.In2016,BaiduinvitedMengtomakeahomepagelogoforQixiFestival.Itwasasmalllogo,butitrequiredtheuseof45typesofsewingtechniques(針法)and35,000stitches(針).MengistryingtosaveShuembroiderybyteachingindifferentuniversitiesandmunities.ShebelievesthatShuembroiderystandsforthousandsofyearsofSichuancultureandshouldbesaved."IfeelthatIhavetheresponsibilitytopassonShuembroideryskillstoyoungpeople,toletitrunfromgenerationtogeneration,"shesaid.16．________famousembroiderystylesarementionedinthepassage.A．Three B．Four C．Five D．Six17．What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword"broke"inParagraph4?A．破產(chǎn) B．損壞 C．折斷 D．違反18．HowisMengtryingtosaveShuembroidery?A．BymakingmorelogosforpanieslikeBaidu.B．Bycallingonyoungpeopletolearntheskill.C．Byteachingindifferentuniversitiesandmunities.D．BymakingmoreShuembroideryproducts.19．Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowMengis________.A．silly B．mean C．honest D．responsible20．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AFamousEmbroiderer B．ATraditionalArtFormC．AHardJob D．EmbroideryNeedsProtectingPart2閱讀判斷Passage1Alotofpeoplehavethehabitofreadingonthetoilet.ButinsomepublicrestroomsinShanghai,youwon’tbeabletodothat.Ifyouspendmorethan15minutesonthesmarttoiletthere,astaffmemberwilletocheckonyou.Accordingtoreports,about150hightechrestroomshavebeenbuiltinthecity.Eachtoilettherehasasensorthatcandetect(發(fā)現(xiàn))whenapersonsitsonthetoiletandhowlonghehasspentsittingthere.Besides,thesensorcanalsochecktheairqualityinsidethetoiletsandadjust(調(diào)節(jié))thewaterleveltosavewater.Beijing,Guangzhou,andShenzhenarealsogoingtousesmarttoilets.“Ithinkit’sOKwithme,becauseIdon’tthinkit’sagoodideatoreadonthetoilet,”a22yearoldyoungmansaid.However,somepeoplearen’tveryhappywiththesmarttoilet.“Thiscouldbeembarrassingforme.SinceIwasalittlekid,I’vealwaysspentabouthalfanhouronthetoilet.Itmeansarestroomworkerwouldcheckonmetwice.Thismakesmenervous,”anotherpersonsurnamedLiusaid.Infact,thesmarttoiletispartofChina’sefforttouseartificialintelligence(AI)(人工智能)indifferentareasoflife.Nowtechnologyisbeingusedalmosteverywhere.Morethan700citiesinChinahaveplannedorareintheprocessofbuildingsmartinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施).Ourlifeisbeingmuchsmarterandeasier,isn’tit?根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正(T)誤(F)。1．We’dbetternotspendover15minutesonthesmarttoilet.2．Thesmarttoilethasasensorandthesensorcanchecktheairqualityinsidethetoilets.3．Somepeopleplainthatthesmarttoiletswouldmakethemembarrassed.4．Infact,ChinaisonlymakinganefforttouseAIinthesmarttoilets.5．Morethan700citiesareallbuildingsmartinfrastructure.Passage2WhenLenaarrivesatherhotel,itisalmostmidnight.Shedecidestotakeabathfirst.Beforeshedoesit,sheputsherdirtyclothesinthesink（臉盆）withwaterandthrowsina“soapbar（塊）”.About30minuteslatershefinishesherbath.Shetakesalookatthesink.The“soapbar”hascleanedtheclothesforher.Allsheneedstodoishangingthemuptodry.Soundsunbelievable?Nothingisimpossible.The“soapbar”iscalledDolfi.Itlookslikeabarofsoap,butitisn’t.Itisahightechproductthatusesultrasonic（超聲波的）technologytowashclothes.ThebiggestadvantageofDolfiisthatyoualwayshavealaundryserviceathand,evenwhenyou’reawayfromhome.What’smore,itiseasytocarryandsavesyourhandsandtime.Itsavesmoneytooasituseseightypercentlessenergythanawashingmachine.Lastly,it’sverysilent,soyoucanevenuseitlateintothenightwithouttroublinganyonearoundyou.“Wewantpeopletohavemorefunontheirtravelsratherthanworryaboutcostlylaundryservice,orpackextracleanclothing,saysAndreFangueiro,Dolfi’sproductdesigner.“WithDolfi,travelwillbeeeasier,happierandalotmorefun.”根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正（T）誤（F）。6．Lenatakesashowerandthenputsherdirtyclothesinthesink.7．The“soapbar”couldcleandirtyclothesanddryclothes.8．Dolfiisahightechproductthatusesultrasonictechnologytowashclothes.9．Dolficostslessmoneybecauseituseseightyfivepercentlessenergythanawashingmachine.10．ThepassagemainlyintroducestheadvantagesofDolfiandtellsusDolfiwillmaketraveleasierandmoreenjoyable.答案Part1閱讀選擇1．D2．C3．A4．C5．C【分析】本文主要講是在英語學(xué)習(xí)中要注意句子單詞的順序，不要死板的逐詞翻譯句子，而要努力體會(huì)語言的精髓，像英國人一樣說英語。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifyouwanttogettherightanswer,youneedreadmoreinformationoraskyourteacherforhelp.”可知如果要翻譯對句子，你需要更多的信息，或?qū)ふ依蠋煹膸椭?，故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifthespeakersputwordsindifferentorders,thelistenersmayunderstandthespeakers'sentencesindifferentways.”可知如果說話人把單詞按不同的順序排列，聽話人可能會(huì)以不同的方式理解說話人的句子，即容易產(chǎn)生誤解，故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ButsometimesthemeaningofthesentencewillchangeiftheorderofwordsinanEnglishsentenceischanged.Forexample,‘Sheonlylikesapples.’‘Onlyshelikesapples.’”可知“Sheonlylikesapples.”和“Onlyshelikesapples.”表達(dá)的是不同的意思。事實(shí)上“Sheonlylikesapples.”表示“她只喜歡蘋果”，而“Onlyshelikesapples.”表示“只有她喜歡蘋果”，故選A。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“WhentheorderofwordsinanEnglishsentenceischanged,themeaningofthesentencedoesn'tchange.”和“ButsometimesthemeaningofthesentencewillchangeiftheorderofwordsinanEnglishsentenceischanged.”可知當(dāng)句中單詞的順序改變了，某些句子的意思不會(huì)變，但某些句子的意思會(huì)改變，即當(dāng)句中單詞的順序改變了，句子的意思可能會(huì)發(fā)生改變，故選C。5．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知文章主要講的是英語學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容，結(jié)合給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，文章最有可能來源于語言學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站，故選C。6．D7．B8．B9．C10．A【分析】文章主要講述了一株驕傲的柚木總是瞧不起小香草。在狂風(fēng)暴雨中柚木仍然驕傲地直立著，隨著風(fēng)勢越來越大，它最終倒下了。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Astrongwindblew.Theteakstoodstraight”可知，當(dāng)強(qiáng)風(fēng)來臨的時(shí)候，柚木筆直的站著。故選D。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“toomuchprideisharmful”以及第五段“Duringthesetimes,theherbbowedlow”，可推斷香草知道太驕傲不好，有暴風(fēng)雨的時(shí)候香草都彎得低低的。故選B。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Iamveryhandsomeandstrong.Noonecarbeatme”可知，柚木認(rèn)為自己很強(qiáng)大。故選B。9．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要是通過驕傲的柚木和謙卑的香草的故事，告訴我們保持謙虛很重要，所以應(yīng)是在故事書上讀到這篇文章。故選C。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文故事發(fā)展可知，柚木因?yàn)樗尿湴磷源笞詈蟊槐╋L(fēng)吹倒。pridegoesbeforeafall驕兵必?cái)?；timeismoney時(shí)間就是金錢；nopain,nogain沒有付出沒有收獲；practicemakesperfect熟能生巧。故選A。11．C12．B13．D14．B15．A【分析】文章以“不到長城非好漢”的詩句，引出我國著名名勝古跡——長城。介紹了長城的偉岸以及對人類文明的非凡意義，并用孟姜女哭長城的典故講述了其來之不易。而且，長城并不是宇航員在太空能看到的唯一的地球建筑。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知通常人們描述是“萬里長城”，但是調(diào)查顯示它實(shí)際長是21,196.18公里，比人們認(rèn)為的長得多，所以說長城比人們認(rèn)為的還要壯觀；故選C。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“BuildingtheGreatWallinancienttimesrequiredyearsofhardwork.在古代建長城需要很多年的艱苦工作”，孟姜女的丈夫因?yàn)榻ㄩL城累死了，所以孟姜女哭倒了長城；從這個(gè)故事可以看出長城的建設(shè)多虧了許多人的努力工作。故選B。13．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“isoneoftheworld’sgreatfeatsofengineeringandanenduringmonument是世界上最偉大的工程壯舉之一和不朽的紀(jì)念碑”，結(jié)合后文通過介紹孟姜女哭長城的故事，來表達(dá)在古代建設(shè)長城的不易，可猜測是古老“文明”的力量。故選D。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“itissaidtobethe‘only’manmadestructurethatcanbeseenfromspace.”可知，據(jù)說長城能在太空被看到。故選B。15．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，主要介紹有關(guān)長城的一些事情，所以“長城的歷史”最符合文章內(nèi)容。故選A。16．B17．A18．C19．D20．D【分析】本文主要介紹了刺繡的類型和刺繡的特點(diǎn)，以及孟40多年來都在制作蜀繡，之后破產(chǎn)但仍以另一種方式拯救蜀繡。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThemostfamousembroiderystylesareSuembroideryfromSuzhou,ShuembroideryfromSichuan,XiangembroideryfromHunanandYueembroideryfromGuangdong.”可知，此處共提到4種刺繡品。故選B。17．詞義猜測題。由后文的“Menglostherjob.”判斷，前面應(yīng)該是指工廠倒閉。因此broke是“破產(chǎn)”的意思。故選A。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MengistryingtosaveShuembroiderybyteachingindifferentuniversitiesandmunities.”可知，孟正試圖通過在不同的大學(xué)和社區(qū)教蜀繡來挽救這一藝術(shù)。故選C。19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)““IfeelthatIhavetheresponsibilitytopassonShuembroideryskillstoyoungpeople,toletitrunfromgenerationtogeneration,”shesaid.”可以推出她是一位有責(zé)任感的人。故選D。20．最佳標(biāo)題。根據(jù)“Embroidery(刺繡)isanimportantartforminChineseculture.”以及句子“Sotheskillisindangerofdyingout.”和句子“MengistryingtosaveShuembroiderybyteachingindifferentuniversitiesandmunities.”可以判斷本文的標(biāo)題為EmbroideryNeedsProtecting“刺繡需要保護(hù)”最合適。故選D。Part2閱讀判斷1．T2．T3．T4．F5．F【分析】本文介紹了一種智能廁所的