2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市光明區(qū)八年級（上）期末英語試卷

第1頁（共1頁）2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市光明區(qū)八年級（上）期末英語試卷一、完形填空，閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母編號涂黑。1．（10分）MyclassmatesandIarealwaysthinkingaboutthefuture.Mostconversationswithmyfriendsareaboutcollege（大學(xué)）andour（1）.However，Irecentlyrealizedthatkeepingmymindonthefuture（2）mefromlivinginthepresent（現(xiàn)在）.Insteadoflearningnewknowledge，Ifoundmyselfonlycaredaboutgettinggood（3）forenteringcollege.Ieventookclassesjustbecausetheywereeasyandwouldhelpmegetahighermark.Iwastoo（4）tobeawareofthebeautyaroundme.Isawhighschoolonlyasahighwaytoconnectchildhoodwithadulthood（成年）untilIattendeda（5）inmyschoollastmonth.Thatnight，Idanced（6）with200sweatyteenagersandexperiencedalonglostfeeling：beingpresent.Noneofushadthoughtsaboutour（7）.Mostofusdidn'tdoourhomework.How（8）itwastobeyoung!Thatnight，we"ranaway"fromthefuture.Asyoungpeopleandnothingmore，wedanced，sangandvaluedthemomenttogether.Thisnight（9）mylife.Iunderstandthathighschoolismorethanapathwaytoadulthood.Sincethatdance，I'vefully（10）mylifeasateenagerratherthananadulttobe.Insteadofdistantfuture，Itrytothinkjustonedayatatime.Iwillkeeplookingforwardtomyadulthood.Butfirstandforemost，Iwillbeateenager.（1）A.dreamsB.feelingsC.experiencesD.problems（2）A.tookB.freedC.savedD.stopped（3）A.ideasB.gradesC.answersD.reasons（4）A.happyB.excitedC.stupidD.worried（5）A.gameB.classC.danceD.meeting（6）A.gentlyB.patientlyC.cheerfullyD.confidently（7）A.futuresB.choicesC.decisionsD.weaknesses（8）A.nervousB.difficultC.importantD.wonderful（9）A.litupB.caredforC.sloweddownD.learntabout（10）A.sharedB.enjoyedC.imaginedD.supported二、閱讀下列短文，從下面每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。2．（7.5分）Weproducealotofrubbishathome，atschoolsandinparkseveryday.Wheredoesallthisrubbishgo？Scientistshavemadeanup﹣side﹣downpyramidofthedifferentwaystodealwith（處理）rubbish.Theworstwaysareatthebottomandthebestwaysareatthetop.Incities，youseldomseerubbishinopenareasbecausepeopleusuallycollectrubbishandsendittolandfills.Alandfillisahugeholethatcanholdrubbish.Insomelandfills，wasteistreated（被處理）tomakeitlessharmfulbeforeitisputunderground.Oncealandfillisfull，peoplecoveritwithsoilsafely.Aparkorplaygroundcanthenbebuiltontopofit.Anotherwaytodealwithrubbishistoburnit.Thisproducesenergybutalsoharmfulgases.Insomeplaces，thesegasesarecleanedbeforetheyareletoff.Inthemiddleofthepyramidisrecycling.Thismeansusingrubbishtomakenewproducts.Usedglassbottles，forexample，canberemadeintonewglassproducts.Peoplebreakupwastepaperandmixitwithwatertomakenewpaper.Reusingisanothereffectivewaytodealwithrubbish.Thismeansusing"waste"inanotherway.Buyingandsellingsecond﹣handthingsonlineisagoodexample.Wastepreventionisatthetopofthepyramid.Itmeansnotproducingrubbishinthefirstplace.Forexample，saynotothrowawayplasticcupsattheverybeginning.Chooseglassinstead!Youcanuseitoverandoveragain.（1）Wheredoesrubbishgoifpeoplesendittolandfills？A.Athome.B.Atschools.C.Inopenareas.D.Undertheground.（2）Whatwillpeopledowhentheytrytorecyclerubbish？A.Coveritwithsoilsafely.B.Turnitintosomethingnew.C.Burnitdownandmakeenergy.D.Breakitupandmixitwithwater.（3）Howdoweachievewasteprevention？A.Bychoosingreusablethings.B.Bythinkingofwaystoreuseit.C.Bysellingsecond﹣handthingsonline.D.Bycollectingandsendingittolandfills.（4）Howmanywaysarethereforpeopletodealwithwaste？A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.（5）Inwhichpartofanewspapercouldyoupossiblyreadthispassage？A.Health.B.Movies.C.Travelling.D.Environment.3．（7.5分）Howdoyoucommunicatewithyourfamilyandfriends？AlotofpeoplechoosetouseMandarin（普通話）overdialects（方言）indailylivesthesedays.Asaresult，somelocaldialectsareindangerofdisappearing.Tosavethem，theChinesegovernmentstartedtheChineseLanguageResourcesProtectionProjectafewyearsago.Thisprojectlooksathowpeopletalkin1，712places.Theirlanguagesinclude103dialectsthatarealmostgone.IthashelpedChinatobuildthelargestlanguageresourcelibraryintheworld.There'sanonlinelibrarywherepeoplecanlearndialectsfromover5.6millionaudioclips（音頻）andover5millionvideos.ScholarZhangHongmingtalkedabouthisworries."Foraboutover10years，intheWudialectareassuchasShanghaiandSuzhou，childrenaged6to15canunderstandbuthardlyspeakthedialect.Meanwhile，youngpeopleabove15yearsoldsometimesspeakit，butnotverywell.Ifthiskeepshappening，thedialectmightdisappear，"hesaid.SohowdidChinamakethisbiglibrary？Abignationalefforthasbeenputintotheprojecttomakeithappen.Overfiveyears，morethan4，500expertsandmorethan6，000dialectspeakersjoinedin.Theprojectisnowenteringintoitssecondpart.Thisincludescreatingtoolslikeappsandmobiledictionariestohelppeoplelearndialects.Languageprotectionmatterstoallofus.Forordinarypeople，postingaudioclipsandvideosofdialectscanalsohelpkeepthemalive.（1）WhywastheChineseLanguageResourcesProtectionProjectstarted？A.Tokeepdialectsfromdisappearing.B.Toprovidepeoplewithmorechoices.C.ToencouragemorepeopletouseMandarin.D.Tohelppeoplecommunicatewitheachother.（2）Whichofthefollowingisincludedinthelibrary？A.103populardialects.B.Morethan5millionvideos.C.Offlinelibrariesin1，712places.D.Lessthan5.6millionaudioclips.（3）WhatdoesZhangHongmingthinkofthefutureoftheWudialect？A.Bright.B.Hopeful.C.Unsure.D.Worrying.（4）Whatdoes"it"refertoinParagraph4？A.Thelibrary.B.Theproject.C.Theeffort.D.Thetool.（5）Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage？A.LanguagesinDangerB.MainDialectsinChinaC.ActiontoSaveDialectsD.ToolsforCreatingDialects4．（7.5分）Ashortvideoofatoybear'sjourneytonearspacebecameahitontheInternet.Thisbearisnoordinarytoy.ItcarriedthechildhooddreamofLiZhenghan，anengineeringstudentinZhejiang.Lihasdreamtofgoingintospacesincehewasachild.Unluckily，hedidn'tpassthemedicalexamination（體檢）forpilottraininginhighschool.Buthedidn'tgiveupandgottheideatosendasmalltoyintospaceafterseeingsimilarexperimentsonline.However，hejuststartedcollegeatthattimeandhadnoideahowtodoit.Overtheyears，hekeptlearningandbecameexperiencedinengineeringexperiment.Finally，Lifeltthatthetimewasright.Hesharedhisideawithsomeschoolmates.Theyallfounditcoolanddecidedtosendtheirschoolmascot，atoybearinalabcoat，intospace.ThebigdayfinallyarrivedinthepastOctober.Afterstudyingmanyfactors（因素），theteamdecidedtoflythebearfromLi'shometowninnortheasternChina.Aftercarefulchecks，theytiedthetoytoahelium（氦氣）balloonandwatcheditslowlyriseintothesky.Throughacamera，LisawnotonlywhatthingsonEarthlookedlike，butalsotheplanet'sbluehalo（光暈）.Infact，thebear'sjourneywasnotassmoothasitappearedinthevideo.Limetallkindsofproblems，butnothingcoulddestroyhisdream.Lisaystheywillkeepworkingonmanymoreprojects.Oneday，another"bear"willtakeofffromtheirhands.（1）WhydidLidecidetosendatoybeartospace？A.Togetreadyforpilottraining.B.Torealizehischildhooddream.C.Tofurtherhisstudyinengineering.D.Tomakehimselfwell﹣knownonline.（2）WhodidLisharehisideawith？A.Hisschoolmates.B.Onlinefriends.C.Hisstudents.D.Videomakers.（3）WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4？A.Theteamdidalotfortheproject.B.Theteamsuccessfullylaunchedthetoybear.C.Theteamflewtothenearspacewithaballoon.D.TheteamchoseLi'shometowntoflythetoybear.（4）Whatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents？a.Liandhisfriendschoseaplacetoflythebear.b.Lienjoyedthebeautifulscenethroughacamera.c.Lisawvideosaboutsendingsmalltoystothespace.d.Lipostedavideooflaunchingatoyintonearspace.e.Lididn'tpassthemedicalexaminationforpilottraining.A.e﹣c﹣a﹣d﹣bB.d﹣e﹣c﹣a﹣bC.d﹣a﹣c﹣b﹣eD.e﹣c﹣a﹣b﹣d（5）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean？A.Theywilldoexperimentsinotherfields.B.Theywilloperateanairplanebythemselves.C.Theywillkeepchallengingthemselvestonewgoals.D.Theywillmakeandpostmorevideosabouttoysonline.三、請閱讀下面的短文，并從下列方框里的六個句子中選擇五個還原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、連貫。5．（10分）Advertisementsarealmosteverywhereinourlives.Weseethemonsmartphoneapps，TVs，andbigscreensinshoppingmalls.Butinancienttimes，therewerenotheseinventions.（1）Thepurposeofadvertisingistoattractcustomers'attention.Thiswasalsotrueinancienttimes.Morethan2，000yearsago，QuYuanwrotethepoemHeavenlyQuestions.Itmentionsamanwhosellsmeatinamarket.（2）Thiswasaneasywaytodrawpeople'sattention.Anothersimplewaytoadvertisewastoshoutaboutgoods.IntheSongDynasty，sellersusedcleversongstomarkettheirgoods.（3）（4）Hereisastoryofahorseseller.Atfirst，heshoutedtothecrowdabouthowgoodhishorseswere.However，noonewasinterested.Later，themancameupwithagoodidea.HewenttoBoLe，afamouspersonwithmuchknowledgeofhorsesandsaidtohim，"Couldyouvisitmystall（攤位）andlookatmyhorses？"BoLeagreed.Hewenttotheseller'sstallandshowedgreatinterestinthehorses.（5）Howusefulthiswayofadvertisingwas!A.Howdidpeopleselltheirgoods（商品）？B.Soon，everyhorseinthestallhadabuyer.C.Theyallowustoknowwhatisnewinmarkets.D.Heknockedhisknifeonthetabletomakeasound.E.Inaddition，somesellersaskedfamouspeopleforhelp.F.Thewordsinthesongsmadetheirgoodseasytoremember.四、信息匹配。6．（7.5分）下面的材料A﹣F分別介紹了六種百科全書。請根據(jù)Luke，Stella，Jay，Clair和Olivia的喜好或者需求，向他們推薦合適的書籍。（1）Lukeisgoingtowriteareportonthedevelopmentofcarswiththreewheels.（2）StellawantstolearntomakeaChineseknotforherfriend'scomingbirthday.（3）Jaywantstokeepapetandwouldliketoknowmoreaboutanimalsbeforethat.（4）Clairwillholdapartytocelebratethenewyear.Sheneedssometipsaboutcooking.（5）OliviaisgoingtomovetoanewhousethisFebruary.Shehasagardentolookafter.A.EncyclopediaofKnotsandFancyRopeWorkThisisthegreatestbookonknotsandropeworkeverpublished，yetitisforanyonefromeighttoeighty.Morethan3，600knotsaredescribed.B.TheConciseAnimalEncyclopediaThisfantasticencyclopediacontainsmorethan2000animalsofalltypesfromthesmallestanimaltothebiggest.C.APocketDictionaryofFoods&CulinaryEncyclopediaThisclassicbookcontainsacompleteencyclopediaofdishesanddrinks.Itisperfectforcookingloversandwouldmakeforahandyadditiontokitchencollections.D.TheArts：AVisualEncyclopediaFromancientpaintingstomodern﹣daystreetart，thisartbookforchildrentracesthedevelopmentofpainting，andphotographythroughtheages.E.TheEncyclopediaofGardeningItisadictionaryofplants，trees，shrubs，fruits，vegetables，andgreenhouseplants，andmuchmore.Youmaybeattractedbythenewintroductiononthehistoryofgardening.F.Three﹣WheelersA﹣ZThisbooktellstheamazingstoryofthree﹣wheelers，includingbubblecars，microcars，kitcarsandsoon.Youcanfinddifferenttypesofthree﹣wheelersfrom1940todate.五、語法填空，閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中所給詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。7．（10分）Ifyou'vebeentoDunhuang，youmustrememberthebeautifulpaintingsandsculptures（雕像）verywell.Whenwetalkabout（1）placetoday，it'shardnottomentionthe"DaughterofDunhuang"—FanJinshi.FangrewupinShanghai.WhilestudyingatPekingUniversity，shefoundherloveforarchaeology（考古學(xué)）.Thisloveled（2）（she）toDunhuangwheresheworkedafterleavingschool.ThepaintingsandsculpturesamazedFan.Shedecided（3）（protect）themaswellasshecould.LifeinDunhuangwashard.Thetables，chairsandbedswereallmadeofmud.Theroofwasmadeofpaper.（4）nothingcouldkillherloveforthatplace.Overthepast60years，F(xiàn)an（5）（walk）throughtheMogaoCaves（莫高窟）manytimes.Shehas（6）（careful）studiedeverypaintingandsculpture.Fanplannedandcarriedout（7）（large）protectionprograminthehistoryoftheMogaoCaves.Sheputforwardtheideaofbuildinga"digital（數(shù)字的）Dunhuang"andhasalsohelpedtoputonmany（8）（success）showsoflocalarts."Duringtheday，IthinkaboutDunhuang.（9）night，Idreamaboutit.Unlessmylifecomestoanend，Iwillstayhereandtrytoprotectit，"sheoncesaid.Sheishappythatmoreyoungpeopleareinterestedinarchaeology.Shehopestheywillfindbetter（10）（way）toprotectDunhuang'streasurehouseofart.六、書面表達。8．（15分）假定你是李華，學(xué)期初你轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)到了光裕學(xué)校，一個學(xué)期以來你的校園生活有許多變化，請你根據(jù)以下要點提示，給你的外國朋友Amy寫一封電子郵件，介紹你的校園生活。要點：（1）介紹新學(xué)校的校園環(huán)境；（2）校園的生活：①參與英語文化周活動；②參加足球社團；③……（自行補充一點）（3）你的感受。注意：（1）詞數(shù)80左右（開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）；（2）要點齊全，可適當發(fā)揮；（3）不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名和校名；（4）條理清楚，造句通順，意義連貫，書寫規(guī)范。DearAmy，I'msoexcitedtosharemyschoollife.Ihavestudiedinmynewschoolfor4months._______________________________________________________________________Ilookforwardtolearningaboutyourschoollife.Yours，LiHua

2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市光明區(qū)八年級（上）期末英語試卷參考答案與試題解析一、完形填空，閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母編號涂黑。1．（10分）MyclassmatesandIarealwaysthinkingaboutthefuture.Mostconversationswithmyfriendsareaboutcollege（大學(xué)）andour（1）A.However，Irecentlyrealizedthatkeepingmymindonthefuture（2）Dmefromlivinginthepresent（現(xiàn)在）.Insteadoflearningnewknowledge，Ifoundmyselfonlycaredaboutgettinggood（3）Bforenteringcollege.Ieventookclassesjustbecausetheywereeasyandwouldhelpmegetahighermark.Iwastoo（4）Dtobeawareofthebeautyaroundme.Isawhighschoolonlyasahighwaytoconnectchildhoodwithadulthood（成年）untilIattendeda（5）Cinmyschoollastmonth.Thatnight，Idanced（6）Cwith200sweatyteenagersandexperiencedalonglostfeeling：beingpresent.Noneofushadthoughtsaboutour（7）A.Mostofusdidn'tdoourhomework.How（8）Ditwastobeyoung!Thatnight，we"ranaway"fromthefuture.Asyoungpeopleandnothingmore，wedanced，sangandvaluedthemomenttogether.Thisnight（9）Amylife.Iunderstandthathighschoolismorethanapathwaytoadulthood.Sincethatdance，I'vefully（10）Bmylifeasateenagerratherthananadulttobe.Insteadofdistantfuture，Itrytothinkjustonedayatatime.Iwillkeeplookingforwardtomyadulthood.Butfirstandforemost，Iwillbeateenager.（1）A.dreamsB.feelingsC.experiencesD.problems（2）A.tookB.freedC.savedD.stopped（3）A.ideasB.gradesC.answersD.reasons（4）A.happyB.excitedC.stupidD.worried（5）A.gameB.classC.danceD.meeting（6）A.gentlyB.patientlyC.cheerfullyD.confidently（7）A.futuresB.choicesC.decisionsD.weaknesses（8）A.nervousB.difficultC.importantD.wonderful（9）A.litupB.caredforC.sloweddownD.learntabout（10）A.sharedB.enjoyedC.imaginedD.supported【解答】（1）考查名詞。句意：我和朋友的大多數(shù)對話都是關(guān)于大學(xué)和我們的夢想。A.夢想，B.感受，C.經(jīng)歷，D.問題，根據(jù)MyclassmatesandIarealwaysthinkingaboutthefuture.（我和我的同學(xué)總是在思考未來。）可知，我和朋友的大多數(shù)對話都是關(guān)于大學(xué)和我們的夢想。故選A。（2）考查動詞。句意：然而，我最近意識到把心思放在未來會阻止我活在當下。A.拿了，B.放了，C.救了，D.阻止，固定搭配stopfromdoingsth阻止做某事。故選D。（3）考查名詞。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不去學(xué)習(xí)新知識，只關(guān)心考上大學(xué)的好成績。A.想法，B.成績，C.答案，D.原因，根據(jù)becausetheywereeasyandwouldhelpmegetahighermark.（只是因為它們很簡單，可以幫助我取得更高的分數(shù)。）可知，指的是成績。故選B。（4）考查形容詞。句意：我太焦慮了，沒有意識到我周圍的美。A.高興的，B.興奮的，C.愚蠢的，D.焦慮的，根據(jù)tobeawareofthebeautyaroundme.（沒有意識到我周圍的美。）可知，太焦慮了。故選D。（5）考查名詞。句意：直到上個月我參加了學(xué)校的一場舞會，我才意識到高中只是連接童年和成年的一條高速公路。A.游戲，B.課堂，C.舞蹈，D.會議，根據(jù)Thatnight，Idanced（那天晚上，我跳舞）可知，我參加了學(xué)校的一場舞會。故選C。（6）考查副詞。句意：那天晚上，我和200名汗流浹背的青少年歡快地跳著舞，體驗了一種久違的感覺，A.溫柔地，B.耐心地，C.愉快地，D.自信地，根據(jù)experiencedalonglostfeeling：beingpresent.（體驗了一種久違的感覺：活在當下。）可知，歡快地跳著舞。故選C。（7）考查名詞。句意：我們誰也沒有考慮過我們的未來。A.未來，B.選擇，C.決策，D.弱點，根據(jù)experiencedalonglostfeeling：beingpresent.（體驗了一種久違的感覺：活在當下。）可知，我們誰也沒有考慮過我們的未來。故選A。（8）考查形容詞。句意：年輕是多么美好??！A.緊張的，B.困難的，C.重要的，D.美好的，根據(jù)Asyoungpeopleandnothingmore，wedanced，sangandvaluedthemomenttogether.（作為年輕人，我們一起跳舞，唱歌，珍惜這一刻。）可知，年輕是多么美好。故選D。（9）考查短語。句意：這個夜晚照亮了我的生活。A.點亮，B.照顧，C.放慢，D.了解，根據(jù)Iunderstandthathighschoolismorethanapathwaytoadulthood.（我明白高中不僅僅是通往成年的道路。）可知，這個夜晚照亮了我的生活。故選A。（10）考查動詞。句意：自從那次舞會之后，我充分享受了少年時代的生活，而不是成年后的生活。A.共享，B.享受，C.想象，D.支持，根據(jù)Insteadofdistantfuture，Itrytothinkjustonedayatatime.（我試著一次只考慮一天，而不是遙遠的未來。）可知，我充分享受了少年時代的生活，而不是成年后的生活。故選B。二、閱讀下列短文，從下面每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。2．（7.5分）Weproducealotofrubbishathome，atschoolsandinparkseveryday.Wheredoesallthisrubbishgo？Scientistshavemadeanup﹣side﹣downpyramidofthedifferentwaystodealwith（處理）rubbish.Theworstwaysareatthebottomandthebestwaysareatthetop.Incities，youseldomseerubbishinopenareasbecausepeopleusuallycollectrubbishandsendittolandfills.Alandfillisahugeholethatcanholdrubbish.Insomelandfills，wasteistreated（被處理）tomakeitlessharmfulbeforeitisputunderground.Oncealandfillisfull，peoplecoveritwithsoilsafely.Aparkorplaygroundcanthenbebuiltontopofit.Anotherwaytodealwithrubbishistoburnit.Thisproducesenergybutalsoharmfulgases.Insomeplaces，thesegasesarecleanedbeforetheyareletoff.Inthemiddleofthepyramidisrecycling.Thismeansusingrubbishtomakenewproducts.Usedglassbottles，forexample，canberemadeintonewglassproducts.Peoplebreakupwastepaperandmixitwithwatertomakenewpaper.Reusingisanothereffectivewaytodealwithrubbish.Thismeansusing"waste"inanotherway.Buyingandsellingsecond﹣handthingsonlineisagoodexample.Wastepreventionisatthetopofthepyramid.Itmeansnotproducingrubbishinthefirstplace.Forexample，saynotothrowawayplasticcupsattheverybeginning.Chooseglassinstead!Youcanuseitoverandoveragain.（1）Wheredoesrubbishgoifpeoplesendittolandfills？DA.Athome.B.Atschools.C.Inopenareas.D.Undertheground.（2）Whatwillpeopledowhentheytrytorecyclerubbish？BA.Coveritwithsoilsafely.B.Turnitintosomethingnew.C.Burnitdownandmakeenergy.D.Breakitupandmixitwithwater.（3）Howdoweachievewasteprevention？AA.Bychoosingreusablethings.B.Bythinkingofwaystoreuseit.C.Bysellingsecond﹣handthingsonline.D.Bycollectingandsendingittolandfills.（4）Howmanywaysarethereforpeopletodealwithwaste？CA.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.（5）Inwhichpartofanewspapercouldyoupossiblyreadthispassage？DA.Health.B.Movies.C.Travelling.D.Environment.【解答】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Alandfillisahugeholethatcanholdrubbish.Insomelandfills，wasteistreated（被處理）tomakeitlessharmfulbeforeitisputunderground.（垃圾填埋場是一個可以容納垃圾的大洞。在一些垃圾填埋場，垃圾是經(jīng)過處理的，使其在埋到地下之前危害更小。）可知如果人們把垃圾送到垃圾填埋場，垃圾會被埋到地下，故選D。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Thismeansusingrubbishtomakenewproducts.Usedglassbottles，forexample，canberemadeintonewglassproducts.Peoplebreakupwastepaperandmixitwithwatertomakenewpaper.（這意味著利用垃圾制造新產(chǎn)品。例如，用過的玻璃瓶可以重新制成新的玻璃制品。人們把廢紙拆開，和水混合，制成新紙。）可知當人們試圖回收垃圾時，他們會把它變成新的東西，故選B。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Wastepreventionisatthetopofthepyramid.Itmeansnotproducingrubbishinthefirstplace.Forexample，saynotothrowawayplasticcupsattheverybeginning.Chooseglassinstead!Youcanuseitoverandoveragain.（防止浪費是金字塔的頂端。這意味著從一開始就不制造垃圾。例如，從一開始就對一次性塑料杯說不。選擇玻璃吧!你可以一次又一次地使用它。）可推知我們可以選擇可重復(fù)使用的東西來減少浪費，故選A。（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Alandfillisahugeholethatcanholdrubbish.（垃圾填埋場是一個可以容納垃圾的大洞。）以及第三段Anotherwaytodealwithrubbishistoburnit.（另一種處理垃圾的方法是焚燒。）以及第四段Inthemiddleofthepyramidisrecycling.（金字塔的中間是循環(huán)利用。）以及第五段Reusingisanothereffectivewaytodealwithrubbish.（再利用是另一種處理垃圾的有效方法。）以及第五段Wastepreventionisatthetopofthepyramid.Itmeansnotproducingrubbishinthefirstplace.（防止浪費是金字塔的頂端。這意味著從一開始就不制造垃圾。）可知人們有五種處理垃圾的方法，故選C。（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Incities，youseldomseerubbishinopenareasbecausepeopleusuallycollectrubbishandsendittolandfills.Alandfillisahugeholethatcanholdrubbish.（在城市里，你很少在空曠的地方看到垃圾，因為人們通常會收集垃圾并把它送到垃圾填埋場。垃圾填埋場是一個可以容納垃圾的大洞。）結(jié)合下文，可知本文主要介紹了處理垃圾的不同方式，可推知你可能在報紙的環(huán)境板塊看到這篇文章，故選D。3．（7.5分）Howdoyoucommunicatewithyourfamilyandfriends？AlotofpeoplechoosetouseMandarin（普通話）overdialects（方言）indailylivesthesedays.Asaresult，somelocaldialectsareindangerofdisappearing.Tosavethem，theChinesegovernmentstartedtheChineseLanguageResourcesProtectionProjectafewyearsago.Thisprojectlooksathowpeopletalkin1，712places.Theirlanguagesinclude103dialectsthatarealmostgone.IthashelpedChinatobuildthelargestlanguageresourcelibraryintheworld.There'sanonlinelibrarywherepeoplecanlearndialectsfromover5.6millionaudioclips（音頻）andover5millionvideos.ScholarZhangHongmingtalkedabouthisworries."Foraboutover10years，intheWudialectareassuchasShanghaiandSuzhou，childrenaged6to15canunderstandbuthardlyspeakthedialect.Meanwhile，youngpeopleabove15yearsoldsometimesspeakit，butnotverywell.Ifthiskeepshappening，thedialectmightdisappear，"hesaid.SohowdidChinamakethisbiglibrary？Abignationalefforthasbeenputintotheprojecttomakeithappen.Overfiveyears，morethan4，500expertsandmorethan6，000dialectspeakersjoinedin.Theprojectisnowenteringintoitssecondpart.Thisincludescreatingtoolslikeappsandmobiledictionariestohelppeoplelearndialects.Languageprotectionmatterstoallofus.Forordinarypeople，postingaudioclipsandvideosofdialectscanalsohelpkeepthemalive.（1）WhywastheChineseLanguageResourcesProtectionProjectstarted？AA.Tokeepdialectsfromdisappearing.B.Toprovidepeoplewithmorechoices.C.ToencouragemorepeopletouseMandarin.D.Tohelppeoplecommunicatewitheachother.（2）Whichofthefollowingisincludedinthelibrary？BA.103populardialects.B.Morethan5millionvideos.C.Offlinelibrariesin1，712places.D.Lessthan5.6millionaudioclips.（3）WhatdoesZhangHongmingthinkofthefutureoftheWudialect？DA.Bright.B.Hopeful.C.Unsure.D.Worrying.（4）Whatdoes"it"refertoinParagraph4？AA.Thelibrary.B.Theproject.C.Theeffort.D.Thetool.（5）Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage？CA.LanguagesinDangerB.MainDialectsinChinaC.ActiontoSaveDialectsD.ToolsforCreatingDialects【解答】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段AlotofpeoplechoosetouseMandarin（普通話）overdialects（方言）indailylivesthesedays.Asaresult，somelocaldialectsareindangerofdisappearing.Tosavethem，theChinesegovernmentstartedtheChineseLanguageResourcesProtectionProjectafewyearsago.（因此，一些地方方言有消失的危險。為了拯救它們，中國政府幾年前啟動了中國語言資源保護項目。）可知啟動中國語言資源保護工程是為了不讓方言消失。故選A。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段There'sanonlinelibrarywherepeoplecanlearndialectsfromover5.6millionaudioclips（音頻）andover5millionvideos.（這里有一個在線圖書館，人們可以從560多萬個音頻片段和500多萬個視頻中學(xué)習(xí)方言。）可知庫中有超過500萬個視頻。故選B。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Ifthiskeepshappening，thedialectmightdisappear，"hesaid.（如果這種情況持續(xù)下去，方言可能會消失，"他說。）可知張鴻銘認為吳語的未來令人擔憂。故選D。（4）代詞指代題。根據(jù)第四段SohowdidChinamakethisbiglibrary？Abignationalefforthasbeenputintotheprojecttomakeithappen.（那么，中國是如何建造這個大圖書館的呢？為了實現(xiàn)目標，全國已作出巨大努力。）聯(lián)系前句可猜測出下劃線單詞it應(yīng)指代的是：.圖書館。故選A。（5）標題歸納題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段Tosavethem，theChinesegovernmentstartedtheChineseLanguageResourcesProtectionProjectafewyearsago.（為了拯救它們，中國政府幾年前啟動了中國語言資源保護項目。）可知本文主要講述了為了拯救這些方言，中國政府幾年前啟動了中國語言資源保護項目。故最佳標題應(yīng)為：拯救方言的行動。故選C。4．（7.5分）Ashortvideoofatoybear'sjourneytonearspacebecameahitontheInternet.Thisbearisnoordinarytoy.ItcarriedthechildhooddreamofLiZhenghan，anengineeringstudentinZhejiang.Lihasdreamtofgoingintospacesincehewasachild.Unluckily，hedidn'tpassthemedicalexamination（體檢）forpilottraininginhighschool.Buthedidn'tgiveupandgottheideatosendasmalltoyintospaceafterseeingsimilarexperimentsonline.However，hejuststartedcollegeatthattimeandhadnoideahowtodoit.Overtheyears，hekeptlearningandbecameexperiencedinengineeringexperiment.Finally，Lifeltthatthetimewasright.Hesharedhisideawithsomeschoolmates.Theyallfounditcoolanddecidedtosendtheirschoolmascot，atoybearinalabcoat，intospace.ThebigdayfinallyarrivedinthepastOctober.Afterstudyingmanyfactors（因素），theteamdecidedtoflythebearfromLi'shometowninnortheasternChina.Aftercarefulchecks，theytiedthetoytoahelium（氦氣）balloonandwatcheditslowlyriseintothesky.Throughacamera，LisawnotonlywhatthingsonEarthlookedlike，butalsotheplanet'sbluehalo（光暈）.Infact，thebear'sjourneywasnotassmoothasitappearedinthevideo.Limetallkindsofproblems，butnothingcoulddestroyhisdream.Lisaystheywillkeepworkingonmanymoreprojects.Oneday，another"bear"willtakeofffromtheirhands.（1）WhydidLidecidetosendatoybeartospace？BA.Togetreadyforpilottraining.B.Torealizehischildhooddream.C.Tofurtherhisstudyinengineering.D.Tomakehimselfwell﹣knownonline.（2）WhodidLisharehisideawith？AA.Hisschoolmates.B.Onlinefriends.C.Hisstudents.D.Videomakers.（3）WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4？BA.Theteamdidalotfortheproject.B.Theteamsuccessfullylaunchedthetoybear.C.Theteamflewtothenearspacewithaballoon.D.TheteamchoseLi'shometowntoflythetoybear.（4）Whatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents？Da.Liandhisfriendschoseaplacetoflythebear.b.Lienjoyedthebeautifulscenethroughacamera.c.Lisawvideosaboutsendingsmalltoystothespace.d.Lipostedavideooflaunchingatoyintonearspace.e.Lididn'tpassthemedicalexaminationforpilottraining.A.e﹣c﹣a﹣d﹣bB.d﹣e﹣c﹣a﹣bC.d﹣a﹣c﹣b﹣eD.e﹣c﹣a﹣b﹣d（5）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean？CA.Theywilldoexperimentsinotherfields.B.Theywilloperateanairplanebythemselves.C.Theywillkeepchallengingthemselvestonewgoals.D.Theywillmakeandpostmorevideosabouttoysonline.【解答】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段ItcarriedthechildhooddreamofLiZhenghan，anengineeringstudentinZhejiang.（它承載著浙江的一名工程學(xué)生李正漢的童年夢想。）可知李正漢把玩具熊送入太空是為了實現(xiàn)自己的童年夢想。故選B。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Hesharedhisideawithsomeschoolmates.（他和一些校友分享了他的想法。）可知他和校友分享了他的想法。故選A。（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段ThebigdayfinallyarrivedinthepastOctober.（去年十月，這一天終于來了。）可知本段主要介紹了他們成功把玩具熊送入太空。故選B。（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Unluckily，hedidn'tpassthemedicalexamination（體檢）forpilottraininginhighschool.（不幸的是，他高中時未能通過飛行員培訓(xùn)的體檢。）和Buthedidn'tgiveupandgottheideatosendasmalltoyintospaceafterseeingsimila