【高考英語】備戰(zhàn)高考易錯(cuò)題（新高考專用）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)糾錯(cuò)練01 冠詞與代詞含答案及解析

易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)糾錯(cuò)練01冠詞與代詞目錄01單句語法填空易錯(cuò)題通關(guān)練02升級強(qiáng)化練一、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1．MaryisstudyingfoodscienceatcollegeandhopestoopenupEuropeanmeatprocessingfactoryofherownoneday.2．Wemadesuretofeedherextrabowlbeforeleavingfortheairport,andtooursurprise,sheproposedthatwewouldmeetintheLanzhouBeefNoodlesrestaurantnextsummerholiday.3．Notthepandas,eventhoughlanguageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.4．Iamreallyattractedtothisscenicspotwhichhasuniquestyle.5．DGFLSisoneofthemostfascinatingschoolsinGuangdong,coveringareaofabout89,000squaremeters.6．Itiswrongforthefactorytoaimatsheerquantityatexpenseofquality.7．numberofgraduatesthisyearismuchmorethanthatoflastyear.8．ShewenttoaEuropeanuniversitytostudyart.universityisreallyamazing.9．Tolivelifetofullinvolvesawarenessofthephysical,emotional,mentalandspiritualself.10．Thismagicalproductwascreatedbyuniquecombinationoftraditionalmethodsandartificialintelligence.11．Youcanalsogetupandread,butbesuretochoosebookthatisnottoodifficult.12．Thegoodnewswasthatthethree-hourmeetingfinallycametoend.13．TheAmphicarisuniquemeansoftransportthatcansmoothlytravelbetweenwaterwaysandland.14．It’ssowonderfulthatIwanttowatchitsecondtime.15．Followingthevaccinationcampaign,therewassubstantialdecreaseinthenumberofCOVID-19casesinthecommunity.16．Whenyoucanseeitinyourmind,it’sonlymatteroftimebeforeitshowsupinreality.17．Wefoundaverageof1,000dollarsspentbuyingyearlyclothesforpeopleinthecountry.18．Forthestudy,191womenwithaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheyweretiredouttomeasuretheirpeakcardiovascularcapacity.19．Youdidn’tbotherme.Quitecontrary,Ilikeyourcompany.20．Hewatchedthetrainawayuntilitwasonlyadotindistance.21．a(chǎn)udienceapplaudedloudlyattheendoftheconcert.22．Thegameshowattractsaudienceof12million.23．Thischaracterwassocialfailureinthemovie,buthewaslovedbyallthepeople.24．MarieCurie,Polish-Frenchphysicistandchemist,wonthe1903NobelPrizeforphysicsandthe1911NobelPrizeforChemistry.25．ThisisthethirdtimeIamcallingaboutsamething,andit’sjustwasteofmytime.26．In1950s,heartattackswereanepidemicintheUSA,butdoctorsfoundtherewashardlyaRosetanbelow65who’sexperiencedone.27．Standonthetopofthebuilding,andyouwillgetgoodviewofthewholecity.28．Theadultanimalscanreachmaximum(最大值的)lengthoftwometers.29．Ourcountryisatraditionalagriculturalsociety,withmajorityoffarmingpopulation.30．onlineplatform,whichhostsavirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes,openstothepublic.31．Johnhasuniquewaytogetacrosshisopinionbyusingasfewwordsaspossible.32．Therearetwobooksonthedesk.Youcantakeofthem.33．Youcancountonitthesunwillriseintheeasteverymorning.34．Thedamagedroadsmadedifficulttodeliverfoodandsuppliestothoseinneed.35．Asaretiredprofessor,Tomstillcommits(he)toclimatechangesolutionsandcaresabouttheimpactofglobalwarmingonhumanbeings.36．Nowadays,havingalreadybeenlistedasProvincialIntangibleCultureHeritagebytheSichuanProvincialGovernment,thisartisengaging(it)inthegeneralpublicentertainment.37．shockedusthatasmanyas100speciesoffish,someuniquetothesewaters,mayhavebeenaffectedbythepollution.38．Iturnedaroundandwassurprisedtofindafamiliar-lookingmaninthirties.39．AsanativeofHangzhou,sheconsidersherdutytodisplaythebestaspectofthecitytotheguestsfromallovertheworld.40．Theotherday,occurredtoJohnsonthatheshouldmakearoadtriptohelptheneedy.41．Asisknowntoall,takesmorethangoodlookstosucceedasanactor.42．TheweatherinGuangzhouiswinterismuchmorecomfortablethaninBeijing.43．Thepoliticianscommitted(they)tothedevelopmentofresearchinstitutes.44．Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents,takeaminutetocalmdownandtrytounderstandthesituationfrom(they)pointofview.45．WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind(they)alive.46．Inmyfirstclass,outEnglishteacheraskedustointroduce(we)onebyone.47．Thatbagisverysmall,but(I)isverybig.48．Themaindifferencebetweenourbrainsandthoseofmonkeysisthat(we)arebigger.49．Somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansmake(they)dreamtoexplorespacecometrue.50．（2022年全國乙卷）TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu'erTea.二、語法填空閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.（2023·全國高三專項(xiàng)練習(xí)）Whoissmarter？Ahumanbeingorartificialintelligence？Thequestion51（sweep）acrosstheworldwhenaGoogle-developedprogramcalledAlphaGodefeatedtheworldtopplayer.So，whatcomesnext？Somepeoplearepessimistic，sayingthatthefulldevelopmentofartificialintelligence，52AIinshort，couldmeantheendofthehumanrace.Soarewereallyabouttoliveintheworld53（show）intheTerminator（終結(jié)者）movies？“Notquite，”answeredJohnMarkoffofTheNewYorkTimes，54isoptimisticaboutthefuture.“Wethinkthat，forthehumanbeings，thingslikesightandbalance，55（be）naturalandordinaryinourlife.Also，wehumansarebetteratmaking56（adjust）tothesurroundings.WehavealongwaytogobeforeAIcan57（true）begintobesimilartothehumanbrain，eventhoughthetechnologycanbegreat.”Meanwhile，JohnMarkoffsaidthatresearchersshouldbuildartificialintelligencetomakepeoplemore58（effect）.“Ourfate（命運(yùn)）is59ourownhands，”headded.“Sincetechnologydependsonthevaluesof60(it)creators,wecanchoosetousetechnologytoimprovetheworld.”2.（2023·江蘇南通·高三海安高級中學(xué)?？计谥校〢soneoftheeightgreatcuisinesofChina,Hangzhoudishesarenotedfortheiruniquecharacteristics.AtriptoHangzhouisn'tcomplete61tryingsomeofitsspecialtydishes.Hereareafewmust-trymeals,eachofwhichhasanage-oldstory.DongpoPork(東坡肉)DongpoPorkwasnamedafterSongDynasty(960-1279)poetandofficial,SuDongpo.WhenSuwasexiled(流放)toHangzhou,heinitiatedathoroughdredging(清淤)ofWestLake,62benefitswereimmediateandclearforthelocals.Toexpresstheir63(grateful),theygiftedSualotofpork.Suaddedhisowntwisttothetraditionalprocessofcookingporkbelly.Hedistributedthedishtothosewhoworkedontheprojectanditbecamewidely64(favor).WestLakeCarpinVinegarGravy(西湖醋魚)Legendhas65thattwobrotherslivedinHangzhou.Theelderbrotherwasmurdered.Andtheyoungerbrotherwasforcedintoexile66(tragic).Duringhisfarewelldinner,hisrecentlywidowedsister-in-lawcookedadishthatwasbothsweetandsour,implyingtheyoungerbrothershould“notforgetthesouramidthesweet”.TheyoungmanlaterreturnedtoHangzhouasahigh-rankingofficial,avenged(報(bào)仇)hisbrother'smurderand67(seek)outhissister-in-law.Sincethen,thedish68(hand)downfromgenerationtogeneration.SisterSong'sFishSoup(宋嫂魚羹)DuringtheSongDynasty,awomannicknamedSisterSong69(settle)downalongsideWestLakeandmadealivingsellingfishsoup.DuringatriptoWestLake,EmperorGaozongtastedherfishsoupandspokehighlyofit.Thesoup'sreputationspreadfarandwide,anditbecamea70(call)cardforthecity.3.（2023·江蘇南通·高三如皋市搬經(jīng)中學(xué)校聯(lián)考期中）Inthecomingeraofbudgetcutstoeducation,distancelearningcouldbecomethenorm.Thetemptationforthoseinchargeofeducationbudgetstotradeteachersfortechnologycouldbesostrongthattheyignore71disadvantagesofdistancelearning.Schoolfacilitiesareexpensive72(build).Onlineclassesdonotrequirebuildingsandeachclasscanhosthundredsofpeopleatthesametime,73(result)ingreatersavings.Butmovingawayfromatraditionalclassroom74aliving,breathinghumanbeingteachesandinteractswithstudentsdaily75(be)adisaster.Physicallyattendingschoolhashiddenbenefits:gettingup76(early),interactingmorewithpeers,andbuildingbetterrelationshipswithteachers.Moreover,schoolsshouldbemorethansimpleinstitutionsoftraditionallearning.Theyareplaceswherestudents77(offer)counseling(咨詢)andothersupport.Thosepolicy-makersareoftenfascinatedbythelatesttechnologyineducationanditspotentialtotransformeducationovernight.78,onlineeducationdoesnotallowateachertokeepastrugglingstudentafterclassandofferhelp.Educationalvideosareunabletomakeeyecontactorassessastudent’slevelofengagement.Giventhese79(expect),schoolsshouldnotbecomepermanently“remote”.Technology,however80(advance),shouldsimplybeatoolofagoodteacher.

易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)糾錯(cuò)練01冠詞與代詞目錄01單句語法填空易錯(cuò)題通關(guān)練02升級強(qiáng)化練一、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1．MaryisstudyingfoodscienceatcollegeandhopestoopenupEuropeanmeatprocessingfactoryofherownoneday.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：瑪麗正在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)食品科學(xué)，她希望有一天能在歐洲開一家自己的肉類加工廠。根據(jù)“Europeanmeatprocessingfactory”可知，空處需填冠詞修飾名詞，此處表示“一家肉類加工廠”，故用不定冠詞表示泛指，“European”是以輔音音素開頭。故填a。2．Wemadesuretofeedherextrabowlbeforeleavingfortheairport,andtooursurprise,sheproposedthatwewouldmeetintheLanzhouBeefNoodlesrestaurantnextsummerholiday.【答案】an【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：在去機(jī)場之前，我們一定要多喂她一碗。令我們驚訝的是，她提議我們明年暑假在蘭州牛肉面餐廳見面。根據(jù)句意可知，bowl是可數(shù)名詞，此處缺少冠詞表示泛指，需要不定冠詞；空格后單詞extra以元音音素開頭，應(yīng)用an。故填an。3．Notthepandas,eventhoughlanguageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.【答案】the【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：不是熊貓，盡管醫(yī)學(xué)訓(xùn)練指導(dǎo)使用的語言實(shí)際上是英語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處特指用于醫(yī)學(xué)訓(xùn)練指導(dǎo)使用的語言，表特指，應(yīng)用定冠詞修飾。故填the。4．Iamreallyattractedtothisscenicspotwhichhasuniquestyle.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：我真的被這個(gè)獨(dú)特風(fēng)格的景點(diǎn)所吸引。style是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且unique是以輔音音素開頭，故填a。5．DGFLSisoneofthemostfascinatingschoolsinGuangdong,coveringareaofabout89,000squaremeters.【答案】an【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：DGFLS是廣東最吸引人的學(xué)校之一，占地面積約89000平方米。分析句子可知，這里考查anareaof表“一個(gè)……的區(qū)域”，為固定短語。故填an。6．Itiswrongforthefactorytoaimatsheerquantityatexpenseofquality.【答案】the【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：工廠一味追求數(shù)量而犧牲質(zhì)量是錯(cuò)誤的。固定短語attheexpenseof以……作為代價(jià)。根據(jù)句意，故填the。7．numberofgraduatesthisyearismuchmorethanthatoflastyear.【答案】The【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：今年畢業(yè)生的數(shù)量比去年多得多。根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞“is”可知，此處為固定搭配thenumberof，表示“……的數(shù)量”，位于句首，首字母需大寫。故填The。8．ShewenttoaEuropeanuniversitytostudyart.universityisreallyamazing.【答案】The【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：她到歐洲的一所大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)。這所大學(xué)真的很棒?？崭裉幬挥诿~之前，因此需要填入冠詞，此處特指前面提到的大學(xué)，所以要有定冠詞。故填The。9．Tolivelifetofullinvolvesawarenessofthephysical,emotional,mentalandspiritualself.【答案】the【詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：要充分地生活，就要意識(shí)到身體、情感、心理和精神上的自我。tothefull固定搭配，意為“充分地”，故填the。10．Thismagicalproductwascreatedbyuniquecombinationoftraditionalmethodsandartificialintelligence.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：這款神奇的產(chǎn)品是傳統(tǒng)方法和人工智能的一種獨(dú)特結(jié)合。介詞by的賓語combination為可數(shù)名詞，使用了單數(shù)形式，這里泛指一種結(jié)合方式，應(yīng)使用不定冠詞；該空后的形容詞unique發(fā)音以輔音音標(biāo)開頭，應(yīng)填冠詞a。故填a。11．Youcanalsogetupandread,butbesuretochoosebookthatisnottoodifficult.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：你也可以站起來讀書，但一定要選一本不太難的書。book為可數(shù)名詞，此處為泛指，且是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞，故填a。12．Thegoodnewswasthatthethree-hourmeetingfinallycametoend.【答案】an【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：好消息是三個(gè)小時(shí)的會(huì)議終于結(jié)束了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是固定搭配：cometoanend意為“結(jié)束”，和cometotheend的區(qū)別是“cometoanend”強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)過程、事件或活動(dòng)的結(jié)束，而“cometotheend”則強(qiáng)調(diào)到達(dá)一個(gè)終點(diǎn)或目標(biāo)，根據(jù)句意，此處用cometoanend。故填an。13．TheAmphicarisuniquemeansoftransportthatcansmoothlytravelbetweenwaterwaysandland.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：水陸兩用車是一種獨(dú)特的交通工具，可以在水路和陸地之間順利行駛?？蓴?shù)名詞means是泛指概念，應(yīng)用不定冠詞限定。所連接的單詞unique發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故填a。14．It’ssowonderfulthatIwanttowatchitsecondtime.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：它如此精彩以至于我想再看一遍。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“又一，再一”，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞a+序數(shù)詞，且second以輔音音素開頭，故填a。15．Followingthevaccinationcampaign,therewassubstantialdecreaseinthenumberofCOVID-19casesinthecommunity.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：在開展疫苗接種運(yùn)動(dòng)后，該社區(qū)的COVID-19病例數(shù)大幅減少。分析句子和句意可知，空處可用冠詞，修飾名詞短語“sustantialdecrease”，表示“有一個(gè)大幅度的減少”，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a。16．Whenyoucanseeitinyourmind,it’sonlymatteroftimebeforeitshowsupinreality.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：當(dāng)你能在腦海中看到它時(shí)，它出現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)實(shí)中只是時(shí)間問題。it’sonlyamatteroftimebefore...為固定句式，意為“……只是時(shí)間問題”，故填a。17．Wefoundaverageof1,000dollarsspentbuyingyearlyclothesforpeopleinthecountry.【答案】an【詳解】考查冠詞短語。句意：我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)國家人們平均每年花1000美元買衣服。anaverageof“平均”，是固定搭配。符合句意。故填an。18．Forthestudy,191womenwithaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheyweretiredouttomeasuretheirpeakcardiovascularcapacity.【答案】an【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：在這項(xiàng)研究中，為了測量她們的峰值心血管能力，191名平均年齡為50歲的女性進(jìn)行了自行車運(yùn)動(dòng)測試，直到她們筋疲力盡。因?yàn)椴粡?qiáng)調(diào)平均值的重要性，且anaverageof“平均……”，固定搭配。故填an。19．Youdidn’tbotherme.Quitecontrary,Ilikeyourcompany.【答案】the【詳解】考查定冠詞。句意：你沒打擾我。恰恰相反，我喜歡你的陪伴。quitethecontrary是固定短語，意為“恰恰相反，正相反”，因此空格處是定冠詞the，故填the。20．Hewatchedthetrainawayuntilitwasonlyadotindistance.【答案】the【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：他目送火車開走，直到它變成了遠(yuǎn)處的一個(gè)點(diǎn)。此句考查固定短語inthedistance表示“在遠(yuǎn)處”。故填the。21．a(chǎn)udienceapplaudedloudlyattheendoftheconcert.【答案】The【詳解】考查定冠詞。句意：音樂會(huì)結(jié)束時(shí)，觀眾報(bào)以熱烈的掌聲?？崭裉幱枚ü谠~特指在場的觀眾，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填The。22．Thegameshowattractsaudienceof12million.【答案】an【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：這個(gè)游戲節(jié)目吸引了1200萬觀眾。anaudienceof意為“……（多少）觀眾”，為固定搭配，所以此處應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。故填an。23．Thischaracterwassocialfailureinthemovie,buthewaslovedbyallthepeople.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：這個(gè)角色在電影中是一個(gè)社會(huì)失敗者，但他受到所有人的喜愛。此處failure意為“失敗者”，為可數(shù)名詞，socialfailure第一次出現(xiàn)，應(yīng)用不定冠詞表示泛指，social的開頭發(fā)音為輔音，所以不定冠詞應(yīng)用a。故填a。24．MarieCurie,Polish-Frenchphysicistandchemist,wonthe1903NobelPrizeforphysicsandthe1911NobelPrizeforChemistry.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：MarieCurie是一位波蘭裔法國物理學(xué)家和化學(xué)家，獲得了1903年的諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)和1911年的諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)為冠詞，修飾名詞短語“PolishFrenchphysicistandchemist”，表示MarieCurie是“一位波蘭裔法國物理學(xué)家和化學(xué)家”，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞a，表泛指。故填a。25．ThisisthethirdtimeIamcallingaboutsamething,andit’sjustwasteofmytime.【答案】thea【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：這是我第三次為同一件事打電話了，這只是浪費(fèi)我的時(shí)間。第一個(gè)空thesame表示“同樣的”。第二個(gè)空awasteoftime表示“一種浪費(fèi)”。故填the；a。26．In1950s,heartattackswereanepidemicintheUSA,butdoctorsfoundtherewashardlyaRosetanbelow65who’sexperiencedone.【答案】the【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：20世紀(jì)50年代，心臟病在美國是一種流行病，但醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)，65歲以下的羅塞坦人幾乎沒有經(jīng)歷過心臟病。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，表示“在20世紀(jì)50年代”應(yīng)為inthe1950s。故填the。27．Standonthetopofthebuilding,andyouwillgetgoodviewofthewholecity.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：站在樓頂上，你可以很好地看到整個(gè)城市。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是固定搭配：getaviewof意為“觀看”。故填a。28．Theadultanimalscanreachmaximum(最大值的)lengthoftwometers.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：成年動(dòng)物的最大長度可以達(dá)到兩米。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示泛指，且maximum的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞a。alengthof...表示“長度為……”。故填a。29．Ourcountryisatraditionalagriculturalsociety,withmajorityoffarmingpopulation.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：我國是傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)，農(nóng)業(yè)人口占大多數(shù)。根據(jù)句意及所給句子可知，此處固定短語amajorityof“大多數(shù)的；大部分的”。故填a。30．onlineplatform,whichhostsavirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes,openstothepublic.【答案】An【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：一個(gè)在線平臺(tái)向公眾開放，該平臺(tái)存儲(chǔ)了莫高窟的虛擬復(fù)制品。根據(jù)句意，這里泛指一個(gè)在線平臺(tái)，且online的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，所以應(yīng)用不定冠詞an，單詞位于句首，首字母大寫。故填A(yù)n。31．Johnhasuniquewaytogetacrosshisopinionbyusingasfewwordsaspossible.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：約翰有一種獨(dú)特的方法，能夠用盡可能少的詞來表達(dá)他的觀點(diǎn)。way是可數(shù)名詞，且此處表示泛指意義，其前用不定冠詞，unique是以輔音音素開頭的形容詞，故填a。32．Therearetwobooksonthedesk.Youcantakeofthem.【答案】either/both【詳解】考查不定代詞。句意：桌子上有兩本書。你可以隨便選一個(gè)/兩個(gè)都拿。根據(jù)句意，表示選擇“兩個(gè)中的任一一個(gè)”，用不定代詞either，表示選擇“兩個(gè)”，用不定代詞both，作賓語。故填either/both。33．Youcancountonitthesunwillriseintheeasteverymorning.【答案】that【詳解】考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：你可以相信每天早晨太陽都會(huì)從東方升起。分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it為形式賓語，真正的賓語為從句“thesunwillriseintheeasteverymorning.(每天早晨太陽都會(huì)從東方升起)”從句不缺成分，表示完整的意思，應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故填that。34．Thedamagedroadsmadedifficulttodeliverfoodandsuppliestothoseinneed.【答案】it【詳解】考查it用法。句意：毀壞的道路使向有需要的人運(yùn)送食物和物資變得困難。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)填it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是動(dòng)詞不定式短語“todeliverfoodandsuppliestothoseinneed”，故填it。35．Asaretiredprofessor,Tomstillcommits(he)toclimatechangesolutionsandcaresabouttheimpactofglobalwarmingonhumanbeings.【答案】himself【詳解】考查反身代詞。句意：作為一名退休教授，Tom仍然致力于氣候變化解決方案，并關(guān)心全球變暖對人類的影響。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處需要反身代詞構(gòu)成固定短語commitoneselfto“致力于”，此處指的是Tom他自己。故填himself。36．Nowadays,havingalreadybeenlistedasProvincialIntangibleCultureHeritagebytheSichuanProvincialGovernment,thisartisengaging(it)inthegeneralpublicentertainment.【答案】itself【詳解】考查代詞。句意：如今，這門藝術(shù)已被四川省政府列為省級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)，并融入到大眾娛樂中。根據(jù)“thisartisengaging”可知，空處缺賓語，需用代詞形式，engageoneselfin表示“投入，參與”，故用反身代詞itself，指代“thisart”。故填itself。37．shockedusthatasmanyas100speciesoffish,someuniquetothesewaters,mayhavebeenaffectedbythepollution.【答案】It【詳解】考查形式主語。句意：令我們震驚的是，多達(dá)100種魚類，其中一些是這片水域獨(dú)有的，可能已經(jīng)受到污染的影響。Itshockedusthat...為固定句型，意為“令我們震驚的是……”，it為形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主語從句，位于句首，首字母需大寫。故填I(lǐng)t。38．Iturnedaroundandwassurprisedtofindafamiliar-lookingmaninthirties.【答案】his【詳解】考查代詞。句意：我轉(zhuǎn)過身來，驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)看起來很熟悉的30多歲的男人。此處是固定搭配：inone’s+基數(shù)詞整十的數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)意為“表示在某人幾十歲時(shí)”。故填his。39．AsanativeofHangzhou,sheconsidersherdutytodisplaythebestaspectofthecitytotheguestsfromallovertheworld.【答案】it【詳解】考查it用法。句意：作為一個(gè)土生土長的杭州人，她認(rèn)為自己有責(zé)任向來自世界各地的客人展示這座城市最好的一面。此處為considerit+名詞（詞組）+不定式短語，it作形式賓語，故填it。40．Theotherday,occurredtoJohnsonthatheshouldmakearoadtriptohelptheneedy.【答案】it【詳解】考查固定句型。句意：有一天，約翰遜突然想到他應(yīng)該開車去幫助那些需要幫助的人。itoccurs/occurredtosb.that固定句型，意為“某人突然想起……”，故填it。41．Asisknowntoall,takesmorethangoodlookstosucceedasanactor.【答案】it【詳解】考查固定句型以及it作形式主語。句意：眾所周知，要成為一名成功的演員，需要的不僅僅是漂亮的外表。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此句為句型“Ittakes...todosth.(做某事需要……)”，句中It作形式主語，不定式短語作真正主語，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填it。故填it。42．TheweatherinGuangzhouiswinterismuchmorecomfortablethaninBeijing.【答案】that【詳解】考查代詞。句意：廣州冬天的天氣比北京舒服多了。句子為比較句型，than后面的比較對象為theweatherinBeijing，空處替代不可數(shù)名詞theweather，應(yīng)用代詞that。故填that。43．Thepoliticianscommitted(they)tothedevelopmentofresearchinstitutes.【答案】themselves【詳解】考查代詞。句意：政治家們致力于研究機(jī)構(gòu)的發(fā)展。表示“致力于”短語為commitoneselfto，主語為politicians，應(yīng)用反身代詞themselves。故填themselves。44．Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents,takeaminutetocalmdownandtrytounderstandthesituationfrom(they)pointofview.【答案】their【詳解】考查代詞。句意：當(dāng)你不同意你的父母的觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，花一分鐘冷靜下來，試著從他們的角度來理解情況。修飾名詞短語pointofview，需用形容詞性物主代詞their，作定語。故填their。45．WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind(they)alive.【答案】them【詳解】考查代詞。句意：當(dāng)我和大猩猩互相驚嚇時(shí)，我很高興看到它們還活著。這里考查“find+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”的結(jié)構(gòu)，所以主格人稱代詞they應(yīng)變?yōu)橘e格人稱代詞them。故填them。46．Inmyfirstclass,outEnglishteacheraskedustointroduce(we)onebyone.【答案】ourselves【詳解】考查代詞。句意：在我的第一堂課上，我們的英語老師讓我們逐一介紹自己。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)是固定搭配：introduceoneself意為“自我介紹”。故填ourselves。47．Thatbagisverysmall,but(I)isverybig.【答案】mine【詳解】考查代詞。句意：那個(gè)包很小，但我的包很大。此處作主語，表示“我的包”應(yīng)用名詞性物主代詞。故填mine。48．Themaindifferencebetweenourbrainsandthoseofmonkeysisthat(we)arebigger.【答案】ours【詳解】考查物主代詞。句意：我們的大腦和猴子的主要區(qū)別在于我們的大腦更大。分析句子可知，空格處充當(dāng)表語從句中的主語。由句意可知，此處意為“我們的大腦”，故用名詞性物主代詞，相當(dāng)于ourbrain。故填ours。49．Somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansmake(they)dreamtoexplorespacecometrue.【答案】their【詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意：一些科學(xué)家決心幫助人類實(shí)現(xiàn)他們探索太空的夢想。根據(jù)所給句子分析可知，此處需要使用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞dream，“they”的形容詞性物主代詞形式為“their”，意為“他們的”。故填their。50．（2022年全國乙卷）TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu'erTea.【答案】its【詳解】考查代詞。句意：在開幕式上，中國古茶博物館正式揭牌，開啟了它的第一個(gè)展覽：大道遺真——普洱茶專題展。名詞exhibition前用形容詞性物主代詞修飾。故填its。二、語法填空閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.（2023·全國高三專項(xiàng)練習(xí)）Whoissmarter？Ahumanbeingorartificialintelligence？Thequestion51（sweep）acrosstheworldwhenaGoogle-developedprogramcalledAlphaGodefeatedtheworldtopplayer.So，whatcomesnext？Somepeoplearepessimistic，sayingthatthefulldevelopmentofartificialintelligence，52AIinshort，couldmeantheendofthehumanrace.Soarewereallyabouttoliveintheworld53（show）intheTerminator（終結(jié)者）movies？“Notquite，”answeredJohnMarkoffofTheNewYorkTimes，54isoptimisticaboutthefuture.“Wethinkthat，forthehumanbeings，thingslikesightandbalance，55（be）naturalandordinaryinourlife.Also，wehumansarebetteratmaking56（adjust）tothesurroundings.WehavealongwaytogobeforeAIcan57（true）begintobesimilartothehumanbrain，eventhoughthetechnologycanbegreat.”Meanwhile，JohnMarkoffsaidthatresearchersshouldbuildartificialintelligencetomakepeoplemore58（effect）.“Ourfate（命運(yùn)）is59ourownhands，”headded.“Sincetechnologydependsonthevaluesof60(it)creators,wecanchoosetousetechnologytoimprovetheworld.”【答案】51．swept52．or53．shown54．who55．a(chǎn)re56．a(chǎn)djustment（s）57．truly58．effective59．in60．its【分析】這是一篇議論文。誰更聰明？人類還是人工智能？AlphaGo在圍棋領(lǐng)域擊敗了人類，但這能說明人工智能可以取代人類的大腦嗎？不同的人對未來有不同的看法。51．考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)從句中的“defeated”可知，此處的事情發(fā)生在過去，故主句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故填swept。52．考查連詞。句意：人工智能的全面發(fā)展，簡而言之，可能意味著人類的終結(jié)。artificialintelligence或簡稱為AI。該空表示“或者”。故填or。53．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我們真的要活在“終結(jié)者”電影里的世界里了嗎？3（show）intheTerminator（終結(jié)者）movies是定語，修飾theworld。theworld和show之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語。故填shown。54．考查定語從句。4isoptimisticaboutthefuture是非限制性定語從句。修飾JohnMarkoff。引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，指人，應(yīng)該用who引導(dǎo)該從句。故填who。55．考查時(shí)態(tài)與主謂一致。句意：像視覺和平衡這樣的事物在我們的生活中是自然的，平凡的。這里說的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。根據(jù)主謂一致原則，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該和things保持一致，故填are。56．考查名詞。空處在句中作making的賓語，需要用名詞形式。故填adjustment（s）。57．考查副詞。空處在句中修飾謂語動(dòng)詞begin，需要用副詞形式。故填truly。58．考查形容詞。該處考查make+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語補(bǔ)足語應(yīng)該用形容詞。且空前有more修飾，故該處填effective。59．考查介詞。句意：我們的命運(yùn)由我們自己控制。表示“由某人控制”，應(yīng)該用inone'shands。故填in。60．考查代詞?？仗幵诰渲凶鞫ㄕZ，修飾名詞creators，故應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。2.（2023·江蘇南通·高三海安高級中學(xué)?？计谥校〢soneoftheeightgreatcuisinesofChina,Hangzhoudishesarenotedfortheiruniquecharacteristics.AtriptoHangzhouisn'tcomplete61tryingsomeofitsspecialtydishes.Hereareafewmust-trymeals,eachofwhichhasanage-oldstory.DongpoPork(東坡肉)DongpoPorkwasnamedafterSongDynasty(960-1279)poetandofficial,SuDongpo.WhenSuwasexiled(流放)toHangzhou,heinitiatedathoroughdredging(清淤)ofWestLake,62benefitswereimmediateandclearforthelocals.Toexpresstheir63(grateful),theygiftedSualotofpork.Suaddedhisowntwisttothetraditionalprocessofcookingporkbelly.Hedistributedthedishtothosewhoworkedontheprojectanditbecamewidely64(favor).WestLakeCarpinVinegarGravy(西湖醋魚)Legendhas65thattwobrotherslivedinHangzhou.Theelderbrotherwasmurdered.Andtheyoungerbrotherwasforcedintoexile66(tragic).Duringhisfarewelldinner,hisrecentlywidowedsister-in-lawcookedadishthatwasbothsweetandsour,implyingtheyoungerbrothershould“notforgetthesouramidthesweet”.TheyoungmanlaterreturnedtoHangzhouasahigh-rankingofficial,avenged(報(bào)仇)hisbrother'smurderand67(seek)outhissister-in-law.Sincethen,thedish68(hand)downfromgenerationtogeneration.SisterSong'sFishSoup(宋嫂魚羹)DuringtheSongDynasty,awomannicknamedSisterSong69(settle)downalongsideWestLakeandmadealivingsellingfishsoup.DuringatriptoWestLake,EmperorGaozongtastedherfishsoupandspokehighlyofit.Thesoup'sreputationspreadfarandwide,anditbecamea70(call)cardforthecity.【答案】61．without62．whose63．gratitude64．favored65．it66．tragically67．sought68．hasbeenhanded69．settled70．calling【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了杭州的美食文化，特別介紹了當(dāng)?shù)氐膸追N特色菜肴和與其相關(guān)的故事傳說。包括東坡肉、西湖醋魚、宋嫂魚羹等。61．考查介詞。句意：不吃杭州的特色菜，你的杭州之行就不算完整。分析句子，根據(jù)后文的動(dòng)名詞可知設(shè)空處使用介詞。根據(jù)句意，表示“沒有嘗試特色的杭州菜”用介詞without。故填without。62．考查定語從句。句意：當(dāng)蘇被流放到杭州時(shí)，他開始對西湖進(jìn)行徹底的疏浚，這對當(dāng)?shù)厝藖碚f是立竿見影的。分析句子，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作定語，指代前文“西湖疏浚的益處”即表示所屬關(guān)系。故填whose。63．考查名詞。句意：為了表達(dá)他們的感激之情，他們送給蘇很多豬肉。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用grateful的名詞gratitude作賓語，意為“感激”。故填gratitude。64．考查形容詞。句意：他把這道菜分發(fā)給參與工程的人，廣受喜愛。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用形容詞作表語，favored意為“備受喜愛的”。故填favored。65．考查代詞。句意：相傳有兩兄弟住在杭州。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用代詞作賓語。句中Legendhasitthat…為固定短語，以為“相傳……”。故填it。66．考查副詞。句意：弟弟也不幸被流放。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用tragic的tragically副詞作狀語，意為“不幸地”。故填tragically。67．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這個(gè)年輕人后來回到杭州當(dāng)上了高官，為他殺了他的兄弟報(bào)仇，并找到了他的嫂子。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作謂語，根據(jù)前文的returned可知，句子表述過去事實(shí)，故使用一般過去時(shí)。故填sought。68．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：從那時(shí)起，這道菜就代代相傳。分析句子，句中sincethen為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)間標(biāo)志，同時(shí)dish與hand之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填hasbeenhanded。69．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：宋朝時(shí)，一位昵稱為宋姐的女子在西湖邊定居下來，靠賣魚湯為生。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作謂語。根據(jù)前文的DuringtheSongDynasty以及句意可知，句子表述過去事實(shí)，故使用一般過去時(shí)。故填settled。70．考查固定短語。句意：這道湯名聲遠(yuǎn)揚(yáng)，成為了這座城市的名片。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用名詞短語作表語。表示“名片”用callingcard。故填calling。3.（2023·江蘇南通·高三如皋市搬經(jīng)中學(xué)校聯(lián)考期中）Inthecomingeraofbudgetcutstoeducation,distancelearningcouldbecomethenorm.The