北京市第四中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題(無答案)

高三英語（試卷滿分為100分，考試時(shí)間為90分鐘）第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AnUnexpectedGiftTwelve-year-oldMathewFloresisdifferentfromotherkids.Helovesjunkmail,andtheseadvertisementsweretheonlyreadingmaterials1tohim.Onceheaskedhismailmanithecouldofferhimsome.Thequestion2themailman.Heaskedtheboythereason,andthenrecordedhis3inhisFacebook."Todaywhiledeliveringmail,Isawaboyreadingads,andheaskedmeforextramail.Actuallyhewantstogotothelibrary,buthisfamilyisverypoorandcan't4thebus."ThemailmanthenaskedhisFacebookfriendsiftheycould5somebooksfortheboy.Hewrote,“Mostkidswantelectronicproducts!Butwhathewantsisbooks.It'sgreattoseehisrare6,andyoumayhaveseenhimsmilewhenIsaidIcouldhelphim!”“Heiscountingonme,”heconcluded.“SoIamcountingonyou!”ThemailmanthoughttheFacebookpostmight750to60books.Buthis8waspassedonquickly,Peoplefromaroundtheworld,includingtheUK,AustraliaandIndia,havesentbooks.Hundredsofbookshavebeendeliveredtotheboy'sdoor,withhundredsmore9ontheirway.Whenbooksfirststartedarriving,Floreswasshockedbywhathappened.“Ithoughttheywere10,buttheyindeedwereforme."Hesaysthathecan'twaittosharethebookswithotherkids,andhaspromisedtoreadeveryone.1.A.natural B.available C.common D.familiar2.A.frightened Bdisappointed C.surprised D.amused3.A.response B.effort C.decision D.comment4.A.own B.take C.share D.afford5.A.adjust B.examine C.spare D.publish6.A.desire B.effect C.purpose D.value7.A.giveaway B.bringin C.takeon D.putup8.A.belief B.spirit C.secret D.request9.A.only B.nearly C.still D.thus10.A.mistaken B.helpless C.unusual D.awkward第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。ATheInternationalWorkers'Day,also11(call)LaborDayorMayDay,servesasacelebrationofworkersacrossthewholesocialspectrum（范圍）.Chinesepeoplecelebratetheirholidaywitharangeofactivities.It'satime12relaxation,asworkersenjoyadayoff.Thisyear'sholidaylastedfromMay1toMay5,duringwhichtimemanypeoplechose13(travel)toscenicspots,goshopping,visitexhibitions,orjustenjoytheirtimeoffworkwithfamilyandfriends.Parksandpublicattractionsacrossthecountrywerefilledwithvisitorseagertoenjoytheirvacation.BInMiskolc,anortheasterncityinHungary,FanLiyun-haswitnessed14acupofteamakesadifferenceinculturalexchanges.Fan,5915(work)attheConfuciusInstituteoftheUniversityofMiskolcasaChineseteachercurrently.Sheobservesthattheinstituteisseeingmorestudentswhoarecuriousabouttheinstitute'scoursesthisspringsemester.“Weusuallyheldactivitiestoattractstudentsbeforenewsemesters.Butitseemsit'snolongernecessaryaswealmost16(finish)enrollmentbeforethissemesterstaried,saidFan,whowasknownasKristibyherstudents.“Ithinknowthenumberofstudents17(study)inourinstitutehasatleastdoubled,comparedtowhenIfirstarrivedherein2019.”CThecrisisoffoodwasteand18(lose)hasreachedalarminglevelsglobally,graduallyweakeningeffortstoeliminatehunger,povertyandenvironmentalpollution,saidtheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram(UNEP)inanewreportlaunchedWednesday.TheUNEPFoodWasteIndexReport2024thesecondeditionofthiskind,19(launch)inNairobi,theKenyancapital,aheadoftheInternationalDayofZeroWastewhichfallsonSaturday.Theworldwasted1.05billiontonsoffoodin2022,equivalentto132kilogramsperpersonandone-fifthofallfoodavailabletoconsumers,saidthereport20wasco-authoredbyUNEPandWRAP,aBritishenvironmentalcharity.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATherearemanywaystogetinvolvedandvolunteerattheNationalMuseumofAmericanHistory.BecomingaMuseumAmbassadorisoneofthem.Tolearnmoreaboutthisvolunteerprogram,pleaseseethedescriptionsbelow.MuseumAmbassadorsattheAmericanHistoryMuseumareamobilesourceofinformationthathelpsbridgethegapbetweentwoothervolunteergroupshereatthemuseum-Informationdeskspecialists，whoprovideorientation（方向）assistancewhenguestsarrive，andvolunteerdocents（講師），whoprovideHighlightstours，facilitatehands-ondemonstrationsandcirculatethroughmanyofourexhibitionstointeractwithvisitors.Eachyear,ourMuseumAmbassadorshelpover100,000peoplegetthemostoutoftheirvisitsbywelcominggroups,circulatingthroughoutthemuseum'spubliczonestoanswerbasicquestions,anddirectingvisitorstoprogramsandexhibitionsofinterest.ThemuseumhasalsoemployedtheMuseumAmbassadorstoassistwithspecialprojectsandeventsasneeded.TolearnmoreaboutwhatMuseumAmbassadorsdo,checkoutwhatLarryhassaid,“AsMuseumAmbassadors,wegettoshareinthecuriosityofachild,thenostalgia（懷舊）ofreturningvisitors，thetreasurehuntofstudentsassignedtofindimportanthistoricalobjects,andtheamazementofthoseexperiencingoureyeonthenation'shistoryforthefirsttime.Wecanhelprecommendameaningfulmuseumvisitjusforyou.There'smore.We'realsotrafficcopswhenelevatorsandescalatorsbreakandextraeyesformuseumsecurity.”Ifyouenjoy...·interactingwithdiverseaudiences,agegroupsandlearningstyles.·workinginanoftenbusyandchangingenvironment.Ifyouhave...·stronginterpersonalandcommunicationskills.·aninterestinhistoryandcommunication.Ifyoucan...·committothreeshiftsamonth(weekdayAmbassadors)ortwiceamonth(weekendAmbassadors).(Themuseumisopen364daysayear,includingweekendsandholidays.)·handlefrequentwalking,standing,andtalking.ToApplyTolearnmoreinformationabouttheapplicationprocess,pleasecontactRuthShirley.NOTE:Acceptanceintotheprogramissubjecttosuccessfulcompletionofaninterviewandbackgroundinvestigation.21.WhichoneistheresponsibilityofMuscumAmbassadors?.A1oreceivevisitorsattheentrance. B.Totakefullchargeofmuseumsecurity.C.Todirectvisitorstotheirexhibitionsofinterest. D.Tohelpvisitorswithhands-ondemonstrations.22.AqualifiedMuseumAmbassadorshould.A.enjoycommunicatingwithpeople B.speakatleasttwoforeignlanguagesC.haveacademicbackgroundinhistory D.committoworkingthreeshiasatweekends23.Theauthorwraesthispassagemainlyto.A.introduceolunteerprogramsforteenagers B.providespecialtourstomeetdifferentneedsCinvitepeopletovisittheAmericanHistoryMuseum D.attractpotentialapplicantstobeMuseumAmbassadorsB“No."MamaLilsaiditplainandsimple.“Iain'tneverheardofnogirlstobedoingthat.Bebe,youneedtobegettingyourselfarealsummerjob,somethingcivilized."I'dbeenlivingwithMamaLilsinceIwassix,whenmyownmamaanddaddywerekilledinanapartmentbuildingfire.LillianJohnswasmymom'smother.EverybodyonourstreetcalledherMamaLilandthatwaswhatIcalledhertoo.IhadbeenbuttingheadswithhereversinceIcouldremember.AndtheolderIgot,themoreatoddswewereandthemore-conflictsweexperienced:Forweeks，I'dbeenaskingMamaLiltoletmejointheyouthrenovation（修繕）team.ItwasagroupofkidswhohadbeenchosenbycityofficialstoworkwithengineerstohelprepairtheBrooklynBridge.Theprojectwouldlastthesummerandpaygoodmoney.Itwouldhelpmegettocollege,whereIwantedtostudyengineering.ButforMamaLil,thethingthatmadeherthemoststubbornthistime,wasexactlymydreamofbecominganengineer.Insomerespects,MamaLilwasright.Itwastruethatthereweren'tmanyblackwomenengineers.ButIwantedtobuildbridgesmorethananything.“Letmego,MamaLil,”Ibeggedsoftly.MamaLilsatasstillasastatue.“MamaLil,Isaidcarefully,“ifyoudon'tsignthebridgeprojectpermissionform,Iwillsignitmyself.Nobodywillknowthedifference."Thenextmorning,MamaLil'seyeslookedred-tired.“I'mgoingtothebridge,"Isaidfirmly.“Iknow,Bebe,”shesaid.Fromherhousedresspooket,shetookoutapenandsignedtheform.“Bebe,thatbridgeisluckytohaveyou,”shesaid.IhuggedMamaLilgoodandhard,smilingbig,rightather.···Ahead,inthedistance,stoodtheBrooklynBridge.Thiswasthebestspottoseethebridge.I'dcometothiscornerandstudiedthebridgeamilliontimes.Andoneveryoneofthosetimes,IwastakenwithwhatI'dcometocallBrooklynBelle.Atnight,Bellewasdressedintinylight.Onacloudlessnightlikethisone,shewasasightlikenootherinthewholecity.Jeweledinlight.Beautiful.IhaddrawnBelleinthehigh-noonlight,atsunset,onsnowydays,andonfoggytwilightmornings...Iwasproudofmydrawings,butwitheachpagetheyshowedasadtruthaboutBelle:Sheneededrepair.Thatbridgerenovationprojectneededme;andIneededit,inmorewaysthanIcouldcount.24.MamaLilrefusedtosignthepermissionformmainlybecause.A.shehadbecomestubborninheroldage B.shewouldn'tallowBebetohaveasummerjobC.shethoughtthebridgeprojectwastoodangerous D.shedidn'tsupportBebe'sdesiretobeanengineer25.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Bebelostherparentsinthebridgeproject.BBebelikedtodrawthebridgeonwintermornings.CBebeandMamaLiloftengotintoargumentswitheachother.DBebecalledhergrandmaMamaLilbecauseshewashermom'smother.26.Bymentioningthename“BrooklynBelle”,theauthorintendstohelpreadersA.recallthehistoryofthebridge B.appreciatethebridge'sbeautyC.ignorethedamagetothebridge D.imaginethebridge'sfuturelook27.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethethemeofthisstory?A.Dreamsknownocolororgender. BEldersalwaysmakethebestdecisions.C.Conflictusuallyresolvesitseltintheend. D.Pridewinsoutbutmakesthingsmoredifficult.CWhenservedcauliflowerorbroccoli,somekidsturnawayinannoyance.Don'tblamethem-anewstudysuggestsspecificenzymes（酶）insaliva（唾液）mightmakethesevegetablestasteterribletosomechildren.Theseenzymes,calledcysteinelyases,areproducedbybacteriainthemouth.ThesameenzymesarealsolockedawayinthecellsofBrassicavegetableslikebroccoliandcauliflower.Whenwechewbroeeoli,theseenzymesspilloutoftheirstoragecontainerswhilethoseinourmouthstarttowork.Theseenzymesbreakdownacompound（化合物）calledS-methyl-L-cysteinesulfoxide(SMCSO)inthesevegetables,andthisbreakdownprocesstransformsthecomporndintosharpsmellmolecules（分子）.Previousstudiesofadultssuggestthelevelofcysteinelyaseactivityinaperson'ssalivadetermineshowmuchtheSMCSObreaksdown.This,inturn,influenceshowthesevegetablestastetoadults.Accordingtothesepaststudies,whendifferentadultsconsumebroccoli,therecanbeahugedifferenceinhowmanyunpleasantsmellsthefoodletsoffastheirsaliva-borneenzymesbreakittobits.Buttheauthorswonderedwhetherthesamedifferencecanbeseeninkids,whoareusuallymoresensitivetobitterandsourtastes.Theysuspectedthatkidswhosesalivaproducedthemostsmelly,SMCSO-sourcedcompoundswouldshowthestrongestdislikeforbroccoli.Andtheteam'snewstudyprovedtheirassumption.Whilebothadults'andkids'salivaproducedsmellycompoundswhenexposedtocauliflower,thesesmellsdidnotinfluencewhetheradultslikedthevegetable/Ontheotherhand,kidswhosesaivaproducedhighconcentrationsofthesesmellsreportedhatingcauliflowerthemost.Thenewstudyincluded98pairsofparentsandchildrenaged6to8.Aftertakingsamplesofeachparticipant'ssaliva,thescientistsmixeditintorawcauliflowerpowder.TheymeasuredtheSMCSO-sourcedsmellcompoundsletoffandfoundeachparticipant'ssalivageneratedadifferentquantityofsmells.Interestingly,thedegreeofsicklysmellproductionwassimilarbetweenparents'salivaandtheirchildren's.Thisindicatesthatparentsandkidslikelycarrysimilarbacteriaintheirmouths,whichwouldcausethemtoproducesimilarlevelsofcysteinelyases.Oursensesoftasteandsmellarestrongestinyouth,whichmaymakekidsevenmoresensitivetothesedifferencesinflavor.Thesamepreferencepatternisnotseeninadults,whoalsoproduceplentyofbadsmells.ThissuggeststhattheadultscametotoleratethetasteofBrassicavegetables/Thefindingsagreewithpaststudiesofhowourtasteschangeovertime:wecanlearntoovercomeourdistasteforcertainfoodbyeatingitmore.28.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Thefuncugnofmouthbacteria. B.Thecauseofanunpleasantflavor.C.ThefeatureofBrassicavegetables. D.Theformofenzymesinourrouth.29.Whatdopreviousstudiesindicate?A.SMCSO-breakdowndependsonvanotsenzymes.B.EnzymesdetermitethetasteofBrassicavegetables, C.Individualsreleasevaryingamountsofsmellmolecules.D.Kidsproducingthemostsmellshate-brotcoliparticularly.30.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A.Wemightacceptsomefoodsthroughrepeatedexposure.B.Thelevelofsmellsmayaffectanadult'stastepreference.C.Parents'andtheirkids'saliva-borneenzymesdon'tmatchD.Kids'salivacouldproducefugherconcentrationsofsmells.DConsiderthesefacts:ThetennischampionWilliamssistersareagenerationapart,accordingtothePewResearehCenter.Venus,bornin1980,islabelled“GenX”;Serena,bornin1981,isa"millennial".Meanwhile,DonaldTrumpandMichelleObamabothbelongtothesamegeneration.Theformerwasbornin1946whilethelatterwasbornin1964,makingthemboth“babyboomers".Beforeyoupushthesediversepersonaliriesintogenerationalstereotypes（刻板印象），letmestopyouthere:Justdon't.GenerationLabels,althoughwidelyadoptedbythepublic,have-nobasisinsocialreality.Infact,inonerecentsurvey,mostpeopledidnotidentifythecorrectgenerationfortemselves,evenwhentheywereshownalistofoptions.Thisisnotsurprisingsincethelabelsareforcedbysurveyresearchers,journalistsormarketingfirmsbeforetheidentitiestheyaresupposedtodescribeevenexist.Insteadofaskingpeoplewhichgrouptheyidentifywithandwhy,theyjustdeclarethelabelsandstartmakingpronouncementsaboutthem.That'snothowsocialidentityworks.Thepracticeofnaming"generations”basedonbirthyeargoesbackatleasttothesupposed“l(fā)ost-generation"ofthelate19thcentury.Butasthetraditionslidintoanever-endingcompetitiontobethefirsttoproposethenextnamethatsticks,ithasproducedgraduallydecliningreturnstosocialscienceandthepublicunderstanding.Thesupposedboundariesbetweengenerationsarenomoremeaningfulthanthenamesthey'vebeengiven.Thereisnoresearchidentifyingtheappropriateboundariesbetweengenerations,andthereisnostatisticalbasisforrequiringthesweepingcharactertraits（特征）thatarebelievedtodefinethem.Inonearticleyoumightreadthatmillennialsare"liberallions","downwardlymobile”,and“distrustful";eventhoughtheyalso“getalongwellwiththeirparents,respecttheireldersandworkwellwithcolleagues”.Ridiculous.clearly.Butwhat'stheharm?Aren'ttheselabelsjustabitoffunforwriters?Amethodtoattractreadersandawayofcommunicatinggenerationalchange,whichnoonewoulddenyisarealphenomenon?We,inacademicsocialscience,studyandteachsocialchange,butwedon'tstudyandteachtheselabelsbecausetheysimplyaren'treal.Andinsocialscience,realitystillmattersWorsethanirrelevant,suchbaselesslabelsdrivepeopletowardstereotypingandthoughtlesscharacterjudgment.Measuringanddescribingsocialchangeisessential,anditcanbeusefultoanalyzethehistoricalperiodinwhichpeoplewerebornandraised,butdrawingrandomHnesbetweenbirthyearsandassigningnamestothemdoesn'thelp.Todaytherearelotsofgoodalternativestolabelgenerations.Wecansimplydescribepeoplebythedecadeinwhichtheywerebornanddefinegenerationalgroupsspecificallyrelatedtoaparticularissue-suchas2020schoolkids.Withthearrivalof“GenerationZ”,therehasneverbeenabettertimetogetoffthistrain.31.WhatdothefactslistedinParagraphIimply?A.Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutgenerationlabels.B.Peoplewiththesamegenerationlabelmaynotbeofsimilarage.C.Generationalchangecanbemeasuredbygenerationlabels.D.Generationlabelsarewidelyadoptedbycelebrities.32.Theunderlinedword"sticks"inParagraph4probablymeans.A.isunderstood B.isanalyzed C.isdescribed D.isaccepted33.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat.A.thegenerationlabelisaharmlessdevicewritersusetoreflectrealityB.generationboundariesaremoremeaningfulthangenerationlabelsC.assigningcharactertraitstoacertaingenerationismisguidedD.journalistsshouldtindalternativewaystojudgecharacter34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Generationlabels:It'shightimetoretirethemB.Generationlabels:TheongoingdebatewillneverendC.Generationlabels:Whatdotheysayaboutwhoweare?D.Generationlabels:Expandorbridgegenerationaldifferences?第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Istherealinkbetweensocialmediaanddepression?Dosocialmediahaveanegativeimpact.onyourmentalhealth?It'scomplicated.Inarecentstudy,theinvestigatorscomparedsocialmediauseanddepressionbetweenteens.35Specifically,foreveryhourperdaythatoneteenspentonsocialmediamorethanherpeers,shelikelyhada0.64-pointhigherdepressionscore.Adifferentstudypublishedin2018identifiedfivedistincttypesofsocialmediausers.Thefindingwasthat"problematicsocialmediause”wasoneofthemainthemesforpeoplewhosementalhealthwasaffectedbysocialmedia.Youcanhavealcoholinyourlifewithoutitbeingaproblem,oryouralcoholusemaybecomeproblematic.36There'soneimportantthingtorememberaboutsurveyresearch-becausetwothingshappentogether,it'snotnecessarilytruethatonecausestheother.Forallweknow,itcouldbethatpeoplewhoarealreadymoredepressedchoosetospendmoretimeonsocialmedia.38Ifyouthinkthatweshouldn'tpaintsocialmediawithonebroadbrush,you'reontherighttrackOntheonehand,participantsoftendescribedsocialmediaasavaluablewaytocopewithstress.Ontheotherhand,cyberbullyingviasocialmediawasalsoacommonexperienceforparticipants.Somealsosaidthatconstantlycheckingtheirownsocialmediaprofilewasstressful.It'scertainlypossiblethatexperienceslikecyberbullying,comparingyourselftoidealizedimages,andconstantlymonitoringyourprofile,arebadforyourmood.It'salsotrueformanythatsocialmediaoffercommunitysupportandpositivemessages.Giventheinconclusiveresearch,it'ssafetosaythatatleastweshouldn'twriteoffsocialmediaaltogether.39Anyway,youcannotuseitasacrutchforcopingwithotherstressorsandmentalhealthproblems.A.It'sthesamewithsocialmedia.B.Socialmediacanbeadouble-edgedsword.C.Peoplegetmoreopinionatedaboutthepotentialproblemsofsocialmedia.D.Theyfoundthatthosewhousedsocialmediamorehadhigherdepressionscores.E.Theyreviewedallexistingresearchandfoundthattherewerebothbenefitsanddrawbacks.F.Thekeytobenefitingfromsocialmediamaylieinusingitinmoderationandstayingsociallyconnected.G.Forexample,justbecausehighersocialmediauseco-occurswithhigherlevelsofdepressiondoesn'tmeansocialmediausecausesdepression.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Whatmakessomepeopleincapableofapologizingevenwhenthey'reclearlyinthewrong?Peoplewhocannotapologizeoftenhavedeepfeelingsoflowself-worth.Whentheirdelicateego（自我）cannota