2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit3TheworldmeetsChina教學(xué)知識(shí)細(xì)解碼教用文檔教案外研版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

PAGEUnit3TheworldmeetsChina1．gloryn．光榮→glorifyv．贊美；美化→gloriousadj.輝煌的→gloriouslyadv.輝煌地；壯美地2．boastv．(地方、機(jī)構(gòu)等)驕傲地?fù)碛校ê玫氖挛铮鷅oastern．自夸者→boastfuladj.浮夸的→boastfullyadv.自夸地；浮夸地3．religionn．宗教→religiousadj.宗教的→religiouslyadv.虔誠(chéng)地4．heavenn．天國(guó)→heavenlyadj.天國(guó)的5．strongadj.強(qiáng)壯的→stronglyadv.強(qiáng)有力地→strengthn．力氣→strengthenv．加強(qiáng)1．peakn．高峰，頂點(diǎn)；尖頂adj.高峰時(shí)期的，巔峰狀態(tài)的v.達(dá)到最高峰，達(dá)到最高值①Sheisatthepeakofhercareer. n.高峰②thepeakofaroof n.尖頂③Oilproductionpeakedintheearly1980s.v.達(dá)到最高峰④Marchisoneofthepeakperiodsforourbusiness.adj.最繁忙的/高峰時(shí)期的2．coveragen．覆蓋范圍；新聞報(bào)道；(保險(xiǎn)公司的)保險(xiǎn)①magazineswithextensivecoverageofdietandhealthtopics覆蓋范圍②today'snewspapercoverage 新聞報(bào)道③Medicaidhealthcoverageforlow-incomefamilies 保險(xiǎn)WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)1)varyvi.變更；不同vt.變更；變更[教材P26]ThesubjectsoftheDunhuangmuralsvaryfromreligiousstoriestoscenesofeverydaylife.敦煌壁畫的題材多種多樣，從宗教故事到日常生活場(chǎng)景都有。[例1]Thestudents'workvariesconsiderablyinquality.學(xué)生作業(yè)的質(zhì)量相當(dāng)?shù)貐⒉畈积R。[例2]Themenuvarieswiththeseason.菜單隨季節(jié)而變動(dòng)。[造句]班級(jí)的數(shù)目從25到30不等。Classnumbersvarybetween25and30.[學(xué)問拓展](1)varywith 隨……而變更varyfrom 不同于……varyin 在……方面不同/有差異varyfrom...to... 由……到……不等/不同(2)varietyn. 變更；多樣性；種類avarietyof＝varietiesof 各種各樣的(3)variousadj. 各種各樣的；不同的forvariousreasons 由于種種緣由(4)variouslyadv. 以各種方式；不同地avarietyof/varietiesof后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；thevarietyof后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Theschoollibraryprovidesavarietyoforiginalworks，hopingtheywillmeettheneedsofdifferentstudents.②Thecosthasbeenvariously(various)estimatedatbetween￡10millionand￡20million.③Changesinpricenormallyvarywithchangesofsupplyandneed.④ThoughLucyandLilyaretwins，theyvaryincharacter.⑤Thevarietyoffoodsattherestaurantis(be)limited，buttheamountofeachdishisfairlylarge.⑥Ilikereadingverymuch，especiallythestorybooks,varyingfromChinesestoriestoEnglishstories(從中國(guó)故事到英國(guó)故事)．[小片段填空]Withthedevelopmentofeconomy，therearevarietiesofgoodsinstores，varyingfromdailygroceriestoluxurygoods，whichgreatlyenrichespeople'slife.Inaddition，thegoodsvarywiththeseasoninvarietyandquantity.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)2)[教材P27]Datingfrom405ADto1002AD，thesehiddentreasuresgiveusapictureofDunhuangwhenitwasattheverycentreoftheSilkRoadtrade.從公元405年到公元1002年，這些被雪藏的寶藏給我們描述了處在絲綢之路貿(mào)易中心時(shí)的敦煌。(1)datefrom起源于；追溯到[例1]Allthecupboardsandappliancesdatedfromthe1950s.全部這些櫥柜和家用電器都是20世紀(jì)50年頭的物品。[例2]Thesesculpturesmustdatefromthemiddleofthe7thcentury.這些雕刻品確定可以追溯到7世紀(jì)中葉。[造句]這座寺廟起源于唐朝。ThetempledatesfromtheTangDynasty.[學(xué)問拓展](1)datefrom＝datebackto 起源于；追溯到(2)setadatefor 確定……的日期haveadatewithsb. 與某人約會(huì)outofdate 過時(shí)的uptodate 現(xiàn)代的；最新的datefrom和datebackto這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)，通常運(yùn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，也沒有被動(dòng)形式。常用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語(yǔ)。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Theoldtowndates(date)backtothelateseventeenthcentury.②Thefactisthatyourpassporthasbeenoutofdate，soyoucan'tuseit.③Everyoneshouldkeepongettinghimselfeducatedsoastobeuptodatewithmoderntechnology.④Wearevisitinganoldgardendatingfromthe12thcentury(起源于12世紀(jì))．(2)hiddenadj.隱私的；隱秘的；隱藏的[例1]Underalltheinnocentfun，therearehiddendangers，especiallyforchildren.在全部簡(jiǎn)潔無(wú)害的消遣項(xiàng)目背后都隱藏著危急，特殊是對(duì)兒童而言。[例2]Asyoudescend，suddenlyyouseeatlastthehiddenwaterfall.始終往下走，最終你會(huì)突然看到那條隱秘的瀑布。[造句]覆蓋著冰的路面對(duì)駕駛汽車的人是個(gè)危急的隱患。Icyroadsareahiddendangertomotorists.[學(xué)問拓展](1)hidesth.fromsb. 向某人隱瞞某事hidesth.in/under/behind... 把某物藏在……里面/下面/后面(2)hidingn. 躲藏；隱藏hiding和hidden作定語(yǔ)時(shí)意思不同：ahidingplace“一個(gè)藏身處”；ahiddenplace“一個(gè)隱私/隱秘的地方”[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Inartcriticism，youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessagehidden(hide)withinthework.②Mymotherboughtthebeautifulbasketandputitsafelyinsomehiding(hide)placeIcouldn'tfind.③Instead，theylearnbothexplicitandhidden(hide)meaningsfromwhattheysee.④Ifeelsurethereissomethingaboutherpastthatsheistryingtohidefromme(她設(shè)法對(duì)我隱瞞)．[小片段填空]Thelittleboyhadmuchdifficultyhidingthetruthfromhisparents，sohefoundahidingplaceinthetreestokeephimselfhiddenfromthem.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)3)reasonn．緣由；理由v．推理；推論[教材P27]However，thereasonwhytheLibraryCavewassealedupallthoseyearsagoremainsamystery.然而，藏經(jīng)洞多年前被封的緣由仍舊是個(gè)謎。[例1]Thereasonwhyhefailedintheexamwasthathedidn'tlearnitwell.考試失敗的緣由是他沒有學(xué)好。[例2]I'dliketoknowthereasonwhyyou'resolate.我想知道你為什么遲到這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。[造句]我為什么要幫你？給我一個(gè)充分的理由。GivemeonegoodreasonwhyIshouldhelpyou.[學(xué)問拓展](1)reasonwith 和……理論(或講理)reasonable 合情合理的(2)thereasonwhy...isthat... 表示“……的緣由是……”，其中why引 導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。(3)thereasonthat/which... 表示“……的緣由”，that/which引 導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，并在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ) 或賓語(yǔ)。(4)thereasonthat... 表示“……的緣由”，that后接同位 語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明其內(nèi)容。(5)thereasonfor ……的緣由[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Thereasonwhywechoosethismovieisthatitrepresentsthedevelopmentofourbelovedschool，whichisnotonlyinterestingbutalsomeaningful.②That'sthereasonwhymoreandmorepeopleareinterestedintheTangDynasty(為什么越來(lái)越多的人對(duì)唐代感愛好)．eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)4)bring...tolife使復(fù)蘇；(使)變得生動(dòng)；(使)變得好玩[教材P27]ThiscenturyisbringingtheSilkRoadtolifeoncemorethroughtheBeltandRoadInitiative.本世紀(jì)通過一帶一路的倡議，絲綢之路重新煥發(fā)了朝氣。[例1]WithmypicturesIhopetobringtolifeancientcivilizations.我希望用我的繪畫去再現(xiàn)古代文明。[例2]Thepromptuseofartificialrespirationcanoftenbringavictimofdrowningtolife.剛好的人工呼吸常能使溺水者醒悟過來(lái)。[造句]他的小說(shuō)把維多利亞時(shí)代的生活寫活了。HisnovelsbringtheVictorianagetolife.[學(xué)問拓展]bringabout 引起；導(dǎo)致(事故、變更等)bringback 使某物復(fù)原；使回憶起某事bringdown 使……降低；使……倒下bringin 引入；賺得；掙得bringout 使顯現(xiàn)出；取出；闡明；出版[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thereasonwhythegoodsaresoldatsuchlowpricesisthatthemanufacturersarewillingtobringdownthepricesinreturnforbigvolumeofpurchases.②Sharingwithfriendshelpedmebringbackmyconfidenceandfitinwithothers.③Thesaleofthehouseonlybroughtinabout$45，000.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)5)[教材P27]GiventhatthethemeoftheExpowastopromoteculturalexchangeandstrengthenmutualcooperationbetweenthecountriesalongtheSilkRoad，Dunhuangwastheidealplace.考慮到世博會(huì)的主題是促進(jìn)絲綢之路沿線國(guó)家之間的文化溝通和加強(qiáng)相互合作，敦煌是志向的地方。(1)givenadj.已經(jīng)支配好的；規(guī)定的；指定的；所述的；特定的prep.考慮到；鑒于[例1]Itwassurprisingthegovernmentwasreelected，giventhattheyhadraisedtaxessomuch.令人驚異的是政府把稅收提高這么多仍再次當(dāng)選了。[例2]Givenherinterestinchildren，teachingseemstherightjobforher.考慮到她喜愛孩子，教書看來(lái)是很適合她的工作。[造句]他們要在規(guī)定的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)會(huì)見。Theyweretomeetatagiventimeandplace.[學(xué)問拓展](1)begiventosth./todoingsth. 常常做；習(xí)慣于(2)giveback 歸還；使復(fù)原givein(to) 屈服；讓步；交上giveoff 發(fā)出(氣味、光、熱)；散發(fā)giveout 分發(fā)；用完；耗盡；發(fā)布giveup 放棄；認(rèn)輸givewayto 給……讓路/讓步；被……代替[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Theburningplasticgaveoffpoisonousgas，whichisharmfultoourhealth.②Hewouldn'tgiveoutanyinformation(透露任何消息)．③He'sgiventogoingforlongwalksonhisown(獨(dú)自長(zhǎng)距離漫步)．(2)strengthenv．加強(qiáng)；增加；鞏固[例1]WhileDNAtestwillhelpstrengthenpeople'shealthconsciousness，itismoreprobablethatitwillleadtoover-anxiety.盡管DNA檢測(cè)將有助于增加人們的健康意識(shí)，然而也很可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致過度焦慮。[例2]Yogacanbeusedtostrengthentheimmunesystem.瑜伽能增加人體免疫系統(tǒng)。[造句]一種觀點(diǎn)就是睡眠有助于加強(qiáng)新的記憶。Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.[學(xué)問拓展](1)strengthsandweaknesses 優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)buildupone'sstrength 增加體質(zhì)havethestrengthtodosth. 有做某事的力氣withallone'sstrength 全力以赴(2)strengthn. 體力，力氣；特長(zhǎng)，優(yōu)勢(shì)；力氣；毅力strongadj. 強(qiáng)壯的；堅(jiān)毅的[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Greatdeterminationandambitionarehisgreatstrengths(strength)．②EverymorningI'mworkingouttobuildupmystrength(增加體質(zhì))．[小片段填空]Westronglyfeelthatmanyfactorsdeterminewhetherwecansucceedinourlifeandcareers，includingastrongbodyandagoodpersonality.Knowingourstrengthisalsoveryimportant.Butthemostimportantistostrengthenthetieswiththepeoplearoundus.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式1)介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首的倒裝句式[教材P27]Inasealedcave，nowknownasthefamousLibraryCave，werehiddenthousandsofmanuscripts，paintingsandscrolls,aswellassilkembroideries.在一個(gè)密封的山洞里，現(xiàn)在被稱為聞名的藏經(jīng)洞里，藏著成千上萬(wàn)的手稿、繪畫和卷軸，其中包括絲綢刺繡。句式分析：本句話的正常語(yǔ)序是：Thousandsofmanuscripts，paintingsandscrolls,aswellassilkembroiderieswerehiddeninasealedcave，nowknownasthefamousLibraryCave.。[例1]Incameagirl，wearingawhiteskirt.一個(gè)穿著白色裙子的小姑娘走了進(jìn)來(lái)。[例2]Intothedarkapartmentwalkedmyfriend，whowasquitesurprisedwheneveryoneshoutedHappyBirthday.我摯友走進(jìn)了黑暗的房間，當(dāng)大家喊生日歡樂時(shí)，他感到很驚異。[造句]男孩沖出去了。Outrushedtheboy.[學(xué)問拓展](1)out，in，down，up，away，here，now，then，there等表示方位、地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間的副詞置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，句子用完全倒裝。(2)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，句子用完全倒裝。(3)作表語(yǔ)的形容詞、分詞短語(yǔ)提到系動(dòng)詞前面時(shí)，句子也用完全倒裝，即“形容詞/分詞＋系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。(4)代詞such置于句首，且在句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子用完全倒裝。留意：(1)此類用法中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般為be動(dòng)詞或lie，come，go，stand等動(dòng)詞，且句子的主語(yǔ)為名詞。(2)假如句子的主語(yǔ)為人稱代詞，不用倒裝語(yǔ)序。如：Lookatthelittledog!Hereitruns.看這條小狗！它跑過來(lái)了。[翻譯1]一些來(lái)自中國(guó)的科學(xué)家出席了會(huì)議。PresentatthemeetingweresomescientistsfromChina.[翻譯2]這就是我們這座充溢活力的城市，只要您便利，隨時(shí)歡迎來(lái)參觀。Suchisourlivelycity，whichyouarewelcometovisitwheneveratyourconvenience.[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①BetweenFranceandSpainis(be)anothermountainrange—thePyrenees.②Therestands(stand)atree.③Nextdoortoourslives(live)aforeignstudent，whoseemstohavesettledintolifeinChina.eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式2)so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句[教材P27]ThescrollsaresodetailedthattheydescribethevastrangeofgoodsthatwereimportedandexportedfromDunhuang，suchasceramics，medicine，perfumesandfruit，tonamejustafew.這些卷軸特別具體，它們描述了從敦煌進(jìn)口和出口的大量貨物，例如陶瓷、醫(yī)藥、香水和水果等等。句式分析：本句是so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。[例1]Heissotiredthathedoesnotwanttogowithus.他太疲憊，所以他不想和我們一起去。[例2]Heissodishonestthatnobodywantstomakefriendswithhim.他太不誠(chéng)懇了，沒有人和他做摯友。[造句]他說(shuō)得很清晰，每個(gè)人都能聽懂。Hespeakssoclearlythateveryonecanunderstandhim.[學(xué)問拓展]引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有：sothat，so...that...，such...that...。在非正式語(yǔ)體中，由so...that...，such...that...引導(dǎo)的句子中的that可以省略，留意其結(jié)構(gòu)：eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(so＋形容詞/副詞＋that從句,so＋形容詞＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式＋that從句,so＋many/much/few/little（少）＋名詞＋that從句))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(such＋a/an＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式＋that從句,such＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式/不行數(shù)名詞＋that從句,such＋alotof/lotsof＋名詞＋that從句))為了強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞和副詞，當(dāng)so或such置于句首時(shí)，主句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。[翻譯1]天氣那么晴朗，我們都想去公園。Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.[翻譯2]他掙這么少的錢，不能養(yǎng)活一家人。Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn'tsupporthisfamily.[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①M(fèi)ikeissohonestaworkerthatweallbelieveinhim.②Socleverastudentwashe(他是那么聰慧的學(xué)生)thathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultquestions.eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式3)倍數(shù)表達(dá)方法[教材P27]IntheMingDynasty，traderouteschangedandDunhuangwasnotasprosperousasitusedtobe.到了明朝，貿(mào)易路途變更了，敦煌也不像以前那樣旺盛了。句式分析：本句是用了as...as的結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)倍數(shù)。[例1]Inotherwords，therearethreetimesasmanygirlsasboys.換句話說(shuō)，女孩的數(shù)量是男孩的三倍。[例2]Theresearchersfoundthatlaptopuserstooktwiceasmanynotesasthosewhowrotebyhand.探討人員發(fā)覺，筆記本電腦用戶記筆記的次數(shù)比手寫的人要多一倍。[造句]紅尺是黃尺的三倍長(zhǎng)。Theredruleristhreetimesaslongastheyellowone.[學(xué)問拓展]常見表示“倍數(shù)”的句型：(1)倍數(shù)＋as＋many/much＋n.＋as(2)倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.＋as(3)倍數(shù)＋形容詞比較級(jí)/副詞比較級(jí)＋than(4)倍數(shù)＋thesize/length/height/depth/width＋of表示“兩倍”時(shí)用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基數(shù)詞＋times”表達(dá)。此句型中倍數(shù)也可以用分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、half等其他程度狀語(yǔ)。[翻譯]據(jù)我所知，這個(gè)城市是那個(gè)城市的三倍大。AsfarasIknow，thecityisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.→AsfarasIknow，thecityisthreetimeslargerthanthatone.→AsfarasIknow，thecityisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①M(fèi)yschoolhasexpandedintoabigone，whichisthreetimesasbigasthepreviousone.②Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditionalgarbageasawhole.③Itiswisetohaveasmanygoodfriendsaswecan.Thankstothisancientlibrary，wenowknowthatgoodsarrivedinDunhuangfromasfarawayasNorth-eastEurope，andthatgoodswerealsoexportedfromDunhuangacrossAsiaandEurope.分析：本句為復(fù)合句，know的后面接了兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句第一個(gè)是thatgoodsarrivedinDunhuangfromasfarawayasNorth-eastEurope，其次個(gè)是thatgoodswerealsoexportedfromDunhuangacrossAsiaandEurope，中間用and連接。譯文：多虧了這個(gè)古老的藏經(jīng)洞，我們現(xiàn)在知道，貨物從遙遠(yuǎn)的東北歐運(yùn)抵敦煌，貨物也從敦煌出口到亞洲和歐洲。教材高考1.Today，Dunhuangisaworld-classtouristdestinationboastingsiteswithUNESCO-protectedheritagestatus.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.2.ThepaintingofApsarasreachedapeakduringtheTangDynasty；theseimagesarefulloflife，reflectingtheconfidenceandoptimismofpeoplefromthattime.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Butthatchangedwhenasystemofhigh-techmirrorswasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaksintothevalleybelow.3.GiventhatthethemeoftheExpowastopromoteculturalexchangeandstrengthenmutualcooperationbetweenthecountriesalongtheSilkRoad，Dunhuangwastheidealplace.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Thelikables'plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships，jump-startinterpersonalskillsand，whentappedearly，areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Thisisalawdating(date)fromthe17thcentury.2．Sheboastedabout/ofhercollectionofchina.3．Theoldmanreceivedreligious(religion)educationwhenhewasyoung.4．Whataheavenly(heaven)day!5．Hermoodvaried(vary)fromoptimismtoextremedepression.6．Shefeltsuretheletterh