2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語UNIT3SPORTSANDFITNESS教學(xué)知識(shí)細(xì)解碼學(xué)案含解析新人教版必修第一冊

UNIT3SPORTSANDFITNESS1．fitvt.&vi.合身；適合adj.健康的；合適的→fitnessn2．hostvt.主辦；主持n.主子；東道主；節(jié)目主持人→hostessn．女主子；女老板；女服務(wù)員3．gymn．健康房；體育館→gymnasticsn．體操(訓(xùn)練)4．honourn．榮譽(yù)；敬重；榮幸→honourableadj.光榮的；高尚的5．championn．冠軍；優(yōu)勝者→championshipn．錦標(biāo)賽；冠軍賽；冠軍稱號(hào)6．determinevt.確定；判決→determinationn．決心；確定→determinedadj.堅(jiān)決的；下定決心的7．injurevt.使受傷；損害→injuredadj.受傷的；有傷的→injuryn．損害；損傷8．gracen．優(yōu)雅；魅力→gracefuladj.美麗的；優(yōu)雅的9．strengthn．力氣；體力→strongadj.強(qiáng)壯的→strengthenvt.加強(qiáng)；鞏固10．failv．失敗；不及格→failuren．失敗；失敗的人(或事物)1．workout熬煉；計(jì)算出；解決；制訂出①Iworkoutregularlytokeepfit.熬煉②Youhavetoworkoutaplanasquicklyaspossible.制訂出③Youcanworkouttheanswerbyaddingallthenumbers.計(jì)算出④Tomcameupwithawaytoworkoutthephysicalproblem.解決2．makeit獲得成功；準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)；出現(xiàn)①Shemadeitinfilmswhenshewasstillateenager.獲得成功②Wejustmadeitintimeforthewedding.準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)③Ican'tmakeitonFriday.出現(xiàn)；到場3．eventn．競賽項(xiàng)目；重大事情；公開活動(dòng)①Themostattractiveeventinthesportsmeetwasthegymnasticscompetition.競賽項(xiàng)目②Adaughter'smarriageisquiteaneventforafather.重大事情③Ourteacherencouragesustotakeanactivepartinallkindsofsocialevents.公開活動(dòng)WordsandPhrases學(xué)問要點(diǎn)1comealong跟隨；到達(dá)；進(jìn)步；趕快；出現(xiàn)(教材P36)Wouldyouliketocomealong?你想要跟著去嗎？[例1]HeiscomingalongwellinEnglish.他在英語上進(jìn)步很大。[例2]Comealong！Thereislittletime.快點(diǎn)！時(shí)間不多了。[學(xué)問拓展]comeup(with) 想出；提出comeabout 發(fā)生comeacross 穿過(路、橋)；(偶然)遇見；發(fā)覺comeout 出來；(書等)出版；發(fā)行cometo 醒悟；總計(jì)；達(dá)到；談到cometrue 實(shí)現(xiàn)[即學(xué)即練]用come的相關(guān)短語完成下面情景YesterdaywhenIwaswalkingalongthestreet，Icame_across(遇見)Tom；hecame_up(走近)andtoldmethathisbookwouldcome_out(出版)thenextweek，andthathisdreamwouldcome_true(實(shí)現(xiàn))．HehappilyinvitedmeforadrinkandaskedmeifIwouldliketocome_along(一起去)．學(xué)問要點(diǎn)2setanexample樹立榜樣(教材P38)Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheirsportsandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.他們作為運(yùn)動(dòng)員必需是自己體育項(xiàng)目上的佼佼者，并且也為他人樹立了良好的榜樣。[例1]Youshouldbesettinganexampletoyourlittlebrother.你應(yīng)當(dāng)為你弟弟樹立榜樣。[例2]WeshouldfollowJim'sexampleandworkhard.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)以吉姆為榜樣，努力工作。[學(xué)問拓展]followsb.'sexample 學(xué)某人的樣子；以某人為榜樣beanexampletosb. 成為某人的榜樣forexample 例如giveanexample 舉例[即學(xué)即練]用example的相關(guān)短語完成句子①WeChinesepeopleareallcalledontolearnfromLeiFeng，whowethinksets_a_good_exampletoallofus.②Wemademanyimprovementstoourhouse；for_example，wepaintedthewallsandboughtnewcarpets.③There'salotinwhatyousay，butpleasegive_an_example.學(xué)問要點(diǎn)3honourn．敬重；崇敬；榮幸；榮譽(yù)vt.敬重；敬重(教材P38)Asaplayer，LangPingbroughthonourandglorytohercountry.作為一名運(yùn)動(dòng)員，郎平為祖國爭光，贏得了榮譽(yù)。[例1]Nextmonththecitywillopenanewparktohonourthosewhodiedintheterribledisaster.下個(gè)月，該市將開放一個(gè)新公園，以紀(jì)念在這場重大災(zāi)難中遇難的人們。[例2]Itismyhonourtobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearnatseniorhigh.我很榮幸能在這里與你共享關(guān)于中學(xué)要學(xué)習(xí)什么的看法。[學(xué)問拓展](1)inhonourof/inone'shonour為了表示對……的敬意；為了紀(jì)念……h(huán)avethehonourtodo/ofdoing... 有幸做……It'sanhonourtodo... 很榮幸做……(2)be/feelhonouredtodo/ofdoing... 為做……而感到榮幸(3)honourableadj. 光榮的；高尚的；敬重的[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Ifeelhonoured(honour)tobeinvitedtogiveyoualectureonhowtoimproveEnglishreadingskills.②Ihavethehonourto_make(make)aspeechtowelcometherespectedguests.③WecelebrateTeachers'Dayeveryyearinhonourofteachers.④IfeelitagreathonourthatIwillbeinvitedtospeakatthemeetingbeforesomanystudents.→Ifeelitagreathonourto_be_invited_to_speakatthemeetingbeforesomanystudents.(改成非謂語動(dòng)詞形式)學(xué)問要點(diǎn)4fallapart裂開；裂開；崩潰(教材P38)TheteamthatLangPinghadbuiltwasfallingapart.郎平一手打造的隊(duì)伍正在分崩離析。[例1]Ithinkthisoldchairisfallingapart.我覺得這把舊椅子要散架了。[例2]Theyusedtobeclosefriends，butfellapartnotlongago.她們曾經(jīng)是密切的摯友，但不久前關(guān)系裂開了。[學(xué)問拓展]falldown 摔倒falloff 從……上掉下來fallbehind 落后；跟不上fallover 跌倒；絆倒fallinto 養(yǎng)成；染上fallout (頭發(fā)等)脫落；吵翻[小片段填空]Abananaskinfell_offthetable.Thelittlegirldidn'tseeit.Shesteppedonitandfell_over.Whatwasworse，herbowlbrokeintopieces.Quickly，hermotherraninandpickedherup.Ifshefalls_intothehabitofdependingonparentsineverything，thegirlwillfall_behindothersintime.香蕉皮從桌子上掉下來。小女孩沒有望見。她踩到上面滑倒了。更糟的是，她的碗摔成了碎片。她媽媽立即跑進(jìn)來扶起她。假如小女孩養(yǎng)成事事依靠父母的習(xí)慣，她遲早會(huì)落后于其他孩子的。學(xué)問要點(diǎn)5loseheart丟失信念；泄氣(教材P38)Losingtwoimportantplayerswasabigchallenge，butLangPingdidnotloseheart.失去兩名得力干將是個(gè)嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)，但郎平?jīng)]有垂頭喪氣。[例1]Thoughbeatenbythevisitingteam，theydidn'tloseheart.雖然被客隊(duì)擊敗，但他們沒有丟失信念。[例2]Inspiteofsomanydifficulties，theyneverloseheart.盡管有這么多困難，但他們從未失去信念。[學(xué)問拓展](1)loseone'sheartto 愛上……putone'sheartinto 一心撲在……上learnsth.byheart 背誦；記牢……oone'sheart 使……刻骨銘心(2)heartandsoul 一心一意地fromthebottomofone'sheart 從某人的心底[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Tomputhisheartintothewildliferesearch,andfinally,hiseffortearnedhiminternationalrespect.②Youhavelearnedthepoembyheart,butitdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthatyouhavefullyunderstooditsmeaning.③Idon'twanttogoawaywithoutthankingyoufromthebottomofmyheart.[小片段填空]Whenhewasachild，helost_his_heart_towritingpoems.Thoughheput_his_heart_intopoetryformanyyears，itseemedasifnothinghadbeenachieved.However，hewouldneverlose_heart.當(dāng)他還是個(gè)孩子時(shí)就愛上了寫詩。盡管多年來他一心一意地寫詩，但看起來似乎還是一無所成。然而，他恒久不會(huì)灰心。學(xué)問要點(diǎn)6failuren．失?。皇〉娜?或事物)；故障(教材P38)Jordansaysthatthesecrettohissuccessislearningfromhisfailures.喬丹說，他成功的秘訣就是從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)。[例1]Itwasevidentthatthepolicywasafailure.很明顯，這個(gè)政策是失敗的。[例2]Idon'tthinkIamafailurebecauseIbelievefailureisthemotherofsuccess.我認(rèn)為我不是一個(gè)失敗者，因?yàn)槲倚湃问∈浅晒χ?。[學(xué)問拓展](1)endinfailure 以失敗告終heartfailure 心臟衰竭(2)failv.失??；未能；失靈；不足；缺乏；突然失去failtodo... 未能做……failin... 在……中失敗[名師點(diǎn)津](1)failure作“失敗”講時(shí)是不行數(shù)名詞，表示抽象意義；作“失敗者，失敗的事”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，表示詳細(xì)意義。這種用法被稱為“抽象名詞的詳細(xì)化”。(2)類似用法的詞有：單詞不行數(shù)可數(shù)success成功成功的人/事danger危急危急的人/因素surprise驚訝意想不到的事business生意企業(yè)beauty漂亮美人[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Asforstudentslikeus,weshouldhaveagoodattitudetowardsfailure(fail)．②Idon'tthinktheexperimentisafailure，becauseithasprovideduswithavaluableexperienceforfuturetests.③Hefailed_to_pass_the_exam,_whichmadehisparentsveryangry.他考試不及格，這使他的父母很生氣。學(xué)問要點(diǎn)7giveup放棄；倒戈(教材P38)Losinggamestaughthimtopractiseharderandnevergiveup.競賽失利教會(huì)了他更加努力的訓(xùn)練和永不放棄。[例1]Itriedtopersuadehimtogiveupsmoking，butfailed.我試圖勸服他戒煙，但失敗了。[例2]Shedecidedtogiveupherjobandstartacoffeebar.她確定辭去工作，開一家咖啡館。[學(xué)問拓展]giveaway 分發(fā)；贈(zèng)送；泄露giveback 歸還giveoff 發(fā)出(光、熱、聲音、氣味等)giveout 分發(fā)；用完；耗盡givein 屈服；倒戈；讓步；上交[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Onceyouhavemadeupyourmindtodosomething，you'dbetternotgiveup.②AtfirstRobertwouldn'tlethisdaughtergodiving,buteventuallyhegaveinasshewassoconfidentaboutherskills.③Studentsweregladtogiveawaysomeoftheirbookstochildreninpoormountainousareas.④Herradioisgivingoutastrangesignal.⑤Therottingappleusuallygivesoffabadsmell.SentencePatterns重點(diǎn)句式1seemtodo似乎……(教材P38)Inthefinalsecondsofagame,Jordanalwaysseemed_to_findawaytowin.在競賽的最終幾秒鐘，喬丹似乎總是能找到獲勝的方法。[句式分析]本句是一個(gè)簡潔句。Inthefinalsecondsofagame是介詞短語作時(shí)間狀語，主句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，towin是動(dòng)詞不定式短語作定語修飾way。[例1]Mr.Blackseemedtobequitehappy.布萊克先生似乎非常歡樂。[例2]Thelittleboyseemstoknowtheanswertothequestion.那個(gè)小男孩似乎知道問題的答案。[學(xué)問拓展](1)主語＋seem＋(tobe)＋表語，表語多為名詞或形容詞，有時(shí)是其他的詞或短語，以說明主語的特征或狀態(tài)。(2)Itseems＋that從句，其中it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主語從句。(3)There＋seemtobe＋名詞，其中tobe可省略。seem的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要依據(jù)后面作主語的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式而定。(4)Itseemsthatnooneknowswhathashappenedinthepark.似乎沒有人知道在公園里發(fā)生了什么。Thereseemstobemuchhopeofourbeatingthatteam.看來我們有很大的希望戰(zhàn)勝那個(gè)隊(duì)。[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①M(fèi)rsWhitedoesn'tseem_to_liketheidea.懷特夫人似乎不太喜愛這個(gè)辦法。②Thechildrenseemedto_be_readingintheroom.孩子們似乎正在房間里讀書。③Theyoungmanseemedto_have_changedmuch.這個(gè)年輕人看起來改變很大。重點(diǎn)句式2現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(教材P38)TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichhestartedinChicagohas_been_helpingyoungpeoplesince1996.他(喬丹)在芝加哥所創(chuàng)建的“男孩女孩俱樂部”從1996年至今始終在幫助年輕人。[句式分析]本句主句時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，這一時(shí)態(tài)主要用于表示過去起先并始終持續(xù)的動(dòng)作，可能剛剛停止，也可能還在進(jìn)行。[例1]Ihavebeenringingyouseveraltimesintwodays.這兩天我給你打過好幾次電話。[例2]Sincethetimehumankindstartedgardening，wehavebeentryingtomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.自從人類開創(chuàng)園藝工作以來，我們始終在努力使我們的環(huán)境更加漂亮。[學(xué)問拓展]現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“have/hasbeen＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，其基本用法如下：(1)表示從過去某一時(shí)間起先，始終持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且仍在進(jìn)行。(2)表示從過去某時(shí)起先始終持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，在說話時(shí)剛剛結(jié)束。(3)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作并不是始終在不停地進(jìn)行，而是在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地重復(fù)。[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①TheChinesehave_been_making_paperfornearlytwothousandyears.中國有將近2000年的造紙歷史。②Ihave_been_learning_Englishsincethreeyearsago.自從三年前以來我始終在學(xué)英語。③Wehave_been_waiting_for_youforhalfanhour.我們已經(jīng)等你半個(gè)小時(shí)了。④Greatchangeshave_taken_place_sinceyouleft.你離開后，發(fā)生了巨大的改變。1．Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheirsportsandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.[分析]本句為復(fù)合句。who引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾athletes。從句中are和set是并列謂語。[譯文]他們作為運(yùn)動(dòng)員必需是自己體育項(xiàng)目上的佼佼者，并且也為他人樹立了良好的榜樣。2．Shehadfaceddifficultiesbefore，andsheknewthatheryoungplayerscouldwiniftheyworkedtogetherasateam.[分析]本句是由and連接的兩個(gè)并列句，后一個(gè)句子中that從句作knew的賓語，同時(shí)that從句中又有一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。[譯文]她曾面對多數(shù)艱難困苦，知道年輕隊(duì)員們只要團(tuán)結(jié)一樣，定能奪取成功。教材高考1.Asaplayer，LangPingbroughthonourandglorytohercountry.Throughitall，sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonours.(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)2.Anathleteshouldthinkabouthonourandhis/herfansifhe/sheiscompetingforhis/hercountry.Museumsmustcompeteforpeople'ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)3.Youcanmakeit.SheleftbeforeIcouldevenmakeittothedoortooffermythanks.(2024·天津卷)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thesuccessorfailure(fail)oftheplandependsonyou.2．IttookSusanweekstoregainherstrength(strong)afterabadillness.3．Theboyisathletic,especiallygoodatfootballandhaswonmanymedals(medal)．4．Iwokeupsweating(sweat)andnervous，butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.5．Hefoughttheillnesswithcourageanddetermination(determine)．6.Thenumberofpeopledoingfitness(fit)trainingisontheincrease.7．IamluckyasIamoneofthehosts(host)．8．Suchamanisanhonourtohiscountry.9．Two-thirdsofpeoplediedorwereinjured(injure)duringtheearthquake.10．Hehas_been_cycling(cycle)toworkforthelastthreeweeks.Ⅱ.短語填空comealong，trackandfield，workout，fallapart，loseheart，makeit，setanexample，preparefor，share...with...，giveup1．HisspokenEnglishhas_come_alongalotrecently.2．Heworks_outeverydaytobuilduphisstrength.3．Heisafraidthattheirmarriagewillfall_apart.4．LangPingset_an_exampleforalltheathletesathomeandabroad.5．IbelieveIcanmake_ittothetopofthemountain.6．Hedidn'tlose_hearteventhoughhewasbeatenmanytimes.7．Shewantedtobeadoctor,butaseriouseyeproblemforcedhertogive_up.8．Hewonseveralmedalsinthetr